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The Crown of Life
The Crown of Life

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Crown of Life is here in full — 185 sentences across 37 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 15/37 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Music was one of his foibles; he learnt an instrument with wonderful facility, and, up to a certain point, played well.
For poetry, though as a rule he disguised the fact, he had a strong distaste; once, when aged about twenty, he startled his father by observing that "In Memoriam" seemed to him a shocking instance of wasted energy; he would undertake to compress the whole significance of each section, with its laborious rhymings, into two or three lines of good clear prose.
Naturally the young man had undergone no sentimental troubles; he had not yet talked of marrying, and cared only for the society of mature women who took common-sense views of life.
His religion was the British Empire; his saints, the men who had made it; his prophets, the politicians and publicists who held most firmly the Imperial tone.
Where Arnold Jacks was in company, there could be no dullness.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Crown of Life

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Crown of Life is here in full — 185 sentences across 37 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 15/37 · 5 reading units · Lines 71–75

Line 1
Music was one of his foibles; he learnt an instrument with wonderful facility, and, up to a certain point, played well.
/ˈmjuːzɪk wɑːz wʌn ʌv hɪz ˈfɔɪbəlz hiː lɜːrnt æn ˈɪnstrəmənt wɪð ˈwʌndərfəl fəˈsɪlɪti ənd ʌp tuː ə ˈsɜːrtən pɔɪnt pleɪd wel/
Line 2
For poetry, though as a rule he disguised the fact, he had a strong distaste; once, when aged about twenty, he startled his father by observing that "In Memoriam" seemed to him a shocking instance of wasted energy; he would undertake to compress the whole significance of each section, with its laborious rhymings, into two or three lines of good clear prose.
Line 3
Naturally the young man had undergone no sentimental troubles; he had not yet talked of marrying, and cared only for the society of mature women who took common-sense views of life.
Line 4
His religion was the British Empire; his saints, the men who had made it; his prophets, the politicians and publicists who held most firmly the Imperial tone.
/hɪz rɪˈlɪdʒən wɑːz ðə ˈbrɪtɪʃ ˈempaɪər hɪz seɪnts ðə men huː hæd meɪd ɪt hɪz ˈprɑːfəts ðə ˌpɑːləˈtɪʃənz ənd ˈpʌblɪsɪsts huː held moʊst ˈfɜːrmli ðə ˌɪmˈpɪriəl toʊn/
Line 5
Where Arnold Jacks was in company, there could be no dullness.
/wer ˈɑːrnəld dʒæks wɑːz ɪn ˈkʌmpəniː ðer kʊd biː noʊ ˈdʌlnəs/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

compress verb US /ˈkɑːmpres/

make more compact by or as if by pressing

From this reading “For poetry, though as a rule he disguised the fact, he had a strong distaste; once, when aged about twenty, he startled his father by observing that "In Memoriam" seemed to him a shocking instance of wasted energy; he would undertake to compress the whole significance of each section, with its laborious rhymings, into two or three lines of good clear prose.”

distaste noun US /dɪˈsteɪst/

a feeling of intense dislike

From this reading “For poetry, though as a rule he disguised the fact, he had a strong distaste; once, when aged about twenty, he startled his father by observing that "In Memoriam" seemed to him a shocking instance of wasted energy; he would undertake to compress the whole significance of each section, with its laborious rhymings, into two or three lines of good clear prose.”

dullness noun US /ˈdʌlnəs/

the quality of being slow to understand

From this reading “Where Arnold Jacks was in company, there could be no dullness.”

facility noun US /fəˈsɪlɪti/

a building or place that provides a particular service or is used for a particular industry

From this reading “Music was one of his foibles; he learnt an instrument with wonderful facility, and, up to a certain point, played well.”

foibles noun US /ˈfɔɪbəlz/

plural of “foible” — a behavioral attribute that is distinctive and peculiar to an individual

From this reading “Music was one of his foibles; he learnt an instrument with wonderful facility, and, up to a certain point, played well.”

Jacks noun US /dʒæks/

a game in which jackstones are thrown and picked up in various groups between bounces of a small rubber ball

From this reading “Where Arnold Jacks was in company, there could be no dullness.”

prophets noun US /ˈprɑːfəts/

the second of three divisions of the Hebrew Scriptures

From this reading “His religion was the British Empire; his saints, the men who had made it; his prophets, the politicians and publicists who held most firmly the Imperial tone.”

publicists noun US /ˈpʌblɪsɪsts/

plural of “publicist” — someone who publicizes

From this reading “His religion was the British Empire; his saints, the men who had made it; his prophets, the politicians and publicists who held most firmly the Imperial tone.”

All words in this reading · 112

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Music was one of his foibles; he learnt an instrument with wonderful facility, and, up to a certain point, played well.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading For poetry, though as a rule he disguised the fact, he had a strong distaste; once, when aged about twenty, he startled his father by observing that "In Memoriam" seemed to him a shocking instance of wasted energy; he would undertake to compress the whole significance of each section, with its laborious rhymings, into two or three lines of good clear prose.

agedadjectiveUS /eɪdʒd/

advanced in years; (“aged” is pronounced as two syllables)

From this reading For poetry, though as a rule he disguised the fact, he had a strong distaste; once, when aged about twenty, he startled his father by observing that "In Memoriam" seemed to him a shocking instance of wasted energy; he would undertake to compress the whole significance of each section, with its laborious rhymings, into two or three lines of good clear prose.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Music was one of his foibles; he learnt an instrument with wonderful facility, and, up to a certain point, played well.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Music was one of his foibles; he learnt an instrument with wonderful facility, and, up to a certain point, played well.

ArnoldnounUS /ˈɑːrnəld/

English poet and literary critic (1822-1888)

From this reading Where Arnold Jacks was in company, there could be no dullness.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading For poetry, though as a rule he disguised the fact, he had a strong distaste; once, when aged about twenty, he startled his father by observing that "In Memoriam" seemed to him a shocking instance of wasted energy; he would undertake to compress the whole significance of each section, with its laborious rhymings, into two or three lines of good clear prose.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Where Arnold Jacks was in company, there could be no dullness.

BritishnounUS /ˈbrɪtɪʃ/

the people of Great Britain

From this reading His religion was the British Empire; his saints, the men who had made it; his prophets, the politicians and publicists who held most firmly the Imperial tone.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading For poetry, though as a rule he disguised the fact, he had a strong distaste; once, when aged about twenty, he startled his father by observing that "In Memoriam" seemed to him a shocking instance of wasted energy; he would undertake to compress the whole significance of each section, with its laborious rhymings, into two or three lines of good clear prose.

caredverbUS /kerd/

past form of “care” — feel concern or interest

From this reading Naturally the young man had undergone no sentimental troubles; he had not yet talked of marrying, and cared only for the society of mature women who took common-sense views of life.

certainadjectiveUS /ˈsɜːrtən/

definite but not specified or identified

From this reading Music was one of his foibles; he learnt an instrument with wonderful facility, and, up to a certain point, played well.

clearverbUS /klɪr/

rid of obstructions

From this reading For poetry, though as a rule he disguised the fact, he had a strong distaste; once, when aged about twenty, he startled his father by observing that "In Memoriam" seemed to him a shocking instance of wasted energy; he would undertake to compress the whole significance of each section, with its laborious rhymings, into two or three lines of good clear prose.

common-sense

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Naturally the young man had undergone no sentimental troubles; he had not yet talked of marrying, and cared only for the society of mature women who took common-sense views of life.

companynounUS /ˈkʌmpəniː/

an institution created to conduct business

From this reading Where Arnold Jacks was in company, there could be no dullness.

compressverbUS /ˈkɑːmpres/

make more compact by or as if by pressing

From this reading For poetry, though as a rule he disguised the fact, he had a strong distaste; once, when aged about twenty, he startled his father by observing that "In Memoriam" seemed to him a shocking instance of wasted energy; he would undertake to compress the whole significance of each section, with its laborious rhymings, into two or three lines of good clear prose.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading Where Arnold Jacks was in company, there could be no dullness.

disguisedadjectiveUS /dɪsˈɡaɪzd/

having its true character concealed with the intent of misleading

From this reading For poetry, though as a rule he disguised the fact, he had a strong distaste; once, when aged about twenty, he startled his father by observing that "In Memoriam" seemed to him a shocking instance of wasted energy; he would undertake to compress the whole significance of each section, with its laborious rhymings, into two or three lines of good clear prose.

distastenounUS /dɪˈsteɪst/

a feeling of intense dislike

From this reading For poetry, though as a rule he disguised the fact, he had a strong distaste; once, when aged about twenty, he startled his father by observing that "In Memoriam" seemed to him a shocking instance of wasted energy; he would undertake to compress the whole significance of each section, with its laborious rhymings, into two or three lines of good clear prose.

dullnessnounUS /ˈdʌlnəs/

the quality of being slow to understand

From this reading Where Arnold Jacks was in company, there could be no dullness.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading For poetry, though as a rule he disguised the fact, he had a strong distaste; once, when aged about twenty, he startled his father by observing that "In Memoriam" seemed to him a shocking instance of wasted energy; he would undertake to compress the whole significance of each section, with its laborious rhymings, into two or three lines of good clear prose.

EmpirenounUS /ˈempaɪər/

the domain ruled by an emperor or empress; the region over which imperial dominion is exercised

From this reading His religion was the British Empire; his saints, the men who had made it; his prophets, the politicians and publicists who held most firmly the Imperial tone.

energynounUS /ˈenərdʒi/

(physics) a thermodynamic quantity equivalent to the capacity of a physical system to do work; the units of energy are joules or ergs

From this reading For poetry, though as a rule he disguised the fact, he had a strong distaste; once, when aged about twenty, he startled his father by observing that "In Memoriam" seemed to him a shocking instance of wasted energy; he would undertake to compress the whole significance of each section, with its laborious rhymings, into two or three lines of good clear prose.

facilitynounUS /fəˈsɪlɪti/

a building or place that provides a particular service or is used for a particular industry

From this reading Music was one of his foibles; he learnt an instrument with wonderful facility, and, up to a certain point, played well.

factnounUS /fækt/

a piece of information about circumstances that exist or events that have occurred

From this reading For poetry, though as a rule he disguised the fact, he had a strong distaste; once, when aged about twenty, he startled his father by observing that "In Memoriam" seemed to him a shocking instance of wasted energy; he would undertake to compress the whole significance of each section, with its laborious rhymings, into two or three lines of good clear prose.

fathernounUS /ˈfɑːðər/

a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading For poetry, though as a rule he disguised the fact, he had a strong distaste; once, when aged about twenty, he startled his father by observing that "In Memoriam" seemed to him a shocking instance of wasted energy; he would undertake to compress the whole significance of each section, with its laborious rhymings, into two or three lines of good clear prose.

firmlyadverbUS /ˈfɜːrmli/

with resolute determination

From this reading His religion was the British Empire; his saints, the men who had made it; his prophets, the politicians and publicists who held most firmly the Imperial tone.

foiblesnounUS /ˈfɔɪbəlz/

plural of “foible” — a behavioral attribute that is distinctive and peculiar to an individual

From this reading Music was one of his foibles; he learnt an instrument with wonderful facility, and, up to a certain point, played well.

ForprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading For poetry, though as a rule he disguised the fact, he had a strong distaste; once, when aged about twenty, he startled his father by observing that "In Memoriam" seemed to him a shocking instance of wasted energy; he would undertake to compress the whole significance of each section, with its laborious rhymings, into two or three lines of good clear prose.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading For poetry, though as a rule he disguised the fact, he had a strong distaste; once, when aged about twenty, he startled his father by observing that "In Memoriam" seemed to him a shocking instance of wasted energy; he would undertake to compress the whole significance of each section, with its laborious rhymings, into two or three lines of good clear prose.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading For poetry, though as a rule he disguised the fact, he had a strong distaste; once, when aged about twenty, he startled his father by observing that "In Memoriam" seemed to him a shocking instance of wasted energy; he would undertake to compress the whole significance of each section, with its laborious rhymings, into two or three lines of good clear prose.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Music was one of his foibles; he learnt an instrument with wonderful facility, and, up to a certain point, played well.

heldadjectiveUS /held/

occupied or in the control of; often used in combination

From this reading His religion was the British Empire; his saints, the men who had made it; his prophets, the politicians and publicists who held most firmly the Imperial tone.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading For poetry, though as a rule he disguised the fact, he had a strong distaste; once, when aged about twenty, he startled his father by observing that "In Memoriam" seemed to him a shocking instance of wasted energy; he would undertake to compress the whole significance of each section, with its laborious rhymings, into two or three lines of good clear prose.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Music was one of his foibles; he learnt an instrument with wonderful facility, and, up to a certain point, played well.

ImperialadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpɪriəl/

relating to or associated with an empire

From this reading His religion was the British Empire; his saints, the men who had made it; his prophets, the politicians and publicists who held most firmly the Imperial tone.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading For poetry, though as a rule he disguised the fact, he had a strong distaste; once, when aged about twenty, he startled his father by observing that "In Memoriam" seemed to him a shocking instance of wasted energy; he would undertake to compress the whole significance of each section, with its laborious rhymings, into two or three lines of good clear prose.

instancenounUS /ˈɪnstəns/

an occurrence of something

From this reading For poetry, though as a rule he disguised the fact, he had a strong distaste; once, when aged about twenty, he startled his father by observing that "In Memoriam" seemed to him a shocking instance of wasted energy; he would undertake to compress the whole significance of each section, with its laborious rhymings, into two or three lines of good clear prose.

instrumentnounUS /ˈɪnstrəmənt/

a device that requires skill for proper use

From this reading Music was one of his foibles; he learnt an instrument with wonderful facility, and, up to a certain point, played well.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading For poetry, though as a rule he disguised the fact, he had a strong distaste; once, when aged about twenty, he startled his father by observing that "In Memoriam" seemed to him a shocking instance of wasted energy; he would undertake to compress the whole significance of each section, with its laborious rhymings, into two or three lines of good clear prose.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading His religion was the British Empire; his saints, the men who had made it; his prophets, the politicians and publicists who held most firmly the Imperial tone.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading For poetry, though as a rule he disguised the fact, he had a strong distaste; once, when aged about twenty, he startled his father by observing that "In Memoriam" seemed to him a shocking instance of wasted energy; he would undertake to compress the whole significance of each section, with its laborious rhymings, into two or three lines of good clear prose.

JacksnounUS /dʒæks/

a game in which jackstones are thrown and picked up in various groups between bounces of a small rubber ball

From this reading Where Arnold Jacks was in company, there could be no dullness.

laboriousadjectiveUS /ləˈbɔːriəs/

characterized by effort to the point of exhaustion; especially physical effort

From this reading For poetry, though as a rule he disguised the fact, he had a strong distaste; once, when aged about twenty, he startled his father by observing that "In Memoriam" seemed to him a shocking instance of wasted energy; he would undertake to compress the whole significance of each section, with its laborious rhymings, into two or three lines of good clear prose.

learntverbUS /lɜːrnt/

inflected form of “learn” — gain knowledge or skills

From this reading Music was one of his foibles; he learnt an instrument with wonderful facility, and, up to a certain point, played well.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading Naturally the young man had undergone no sentimental troubles; he had not yet talked of marrying, and cared only for the society of mature women who took common-sense views of life.

linesnounUS /laɪnz/

plural of “line” — a formation of people or things one beside another

From this reading For poetry, though as a rule he disguised the fact, he had a strong distaste; once, when aged about twenty, he startled his father by observing that "In Memoriam" seemed to him a shocking instance of wasted energy; he would undertake to compress the whole significance of each section, with its laborious rhymings, into two or three lines of good clear prose.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading His religion was the British Empire; his saints, the men who had made it; his prophets, the politicians and publicists who held most firmly the Imperial tone.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading Naturally the young man had undergone no sentimental troubles; he had not yet talked of marrying, and cared only for the society of mature women who took common-sense views of life.

marryingverbUS /ˈmeriɪŋ/

-ing form of “marry” — take in marriage

From this reading Naturally the young man had undergone no sentimental troubles; he had not yet talked of marrying, and cared only for the society of mature women who took common-sense views of life.

matureadjectiveUS /məˈtʃʊr/

characteristic of maturity

From this reading Naturally the young man had undergone no sentimental troubles; he had not yet talked of marrying, and cared only for the society of mature women who took common-sense views of life.

Memoriam

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For poetry, though as a rule he disguised the fact, he had a strong distaste; once, when aged about twenty, he startled his father by observing that "In Memoriam" seemed to him a shocking instance of wasted energy; he would undertake to compress the whole significance of each section, with its laborious rhymings, into two or three lines of good clear prose.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading His religion was the British Empire; his saints, the men who had made it; his prophets, the politicians and publicists who held most firmly the Imperial tone.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading His religion was the British Empire; his saints, the men who had made it; his prophets, the politicians and publicists who held most firmly the Imperial tone.

MusicnounUS /ˈmjuːzɪk/

an artistic form of auditory communication incorporating instrumental or vocal tones in a structured and continuous manner

From this reading Music was one of his foibles; he learnt an instrument with wonderful facility, and, up to a certain point, played well.

NaturallyadverbUS /ˈnætʃərəli/

as might be expected

From this reading Naturally the young man had undergone no sentimental troubles; he had not yet talked of marrying, and cared only for the society of mature women who took common-sense views of life.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Naturally the young man had undergone no sentimental troubles; he had not yet talked of marrying, and cared only for the society of mature women who took common-sense views of life.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Naturally the young man had undergone no sentimental troubles; he had not yet talked of marrying, and cared only for the society of mature women who took common-sense views of life.

observingadjectiveUS /əbˈzɜːrvɪŋ/

quick to notice; showing quick and keen perception

From this reading For poetry, though as a rule he disguised the fact, he had a strong distaste; once, when aged about twenty, he startled his father by observing that "In Memoriam" seemed to him a shocking instance of wasted energy; he would undertake to compress the whole significance of each section, with its laborious rhymings, into two or three lines of good clear prose.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Music was one of his foibles; he learnt an instrument with wonderful facility, and, up to a certain point, played well.

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading For poetry, though as a rule he disguised the fact, he had a strong distaste; once, when aged about twenty, he startled his father by observing that "In Memoriam" seemed to him a shocking instance of wasted energy; he would undertake to compress the whole significance of each section, with its laborious rhymings, into two or three lines of good clear prose.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Music was one of his foibles; he learnt an instrument with wonderful facility, and, up to a certain point, played well.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading Naturally the young man had undergone no sentimental troubles; he had not yet talked of marrying, and cared only for the society of mature women who took common-sense views of life.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading For poetry, though as a rule he disguised the fact, he had a strong distaste; once, when aged about twenty, he startled his father by observing that "In Memoriam" seemed to him a shocking instance of wasted energy; he would undertake to compress the whole significance of each section, with its laborious rhymings, into two or three lines of good clear prose.

playedadjectiveUS /pleɪd/

(of games) engaged in

From this reading Music was one of his foibles; he learnt an instrument with wonderful facility, and, up to a certain point, played well.

poetrynounUS /ˈpoʊətri/

literature in metrical form

From this reading For poetry, though as a rule he disguised the fact, he had a strong distaste; once, when aged about twenty, he startled his father by observing that "In Memoriam" seemed to him a shocking instance of wasted energy; he would undertake to compress the whole significance of each section, with its laborious rhymings, into two or three lines of good clear prose.

pointnounUS /pɔɪnt/

a geometric element that has position but no extension

From this reading Music was one of his foibles; he learnt an instrument with wonderful facility, and, up to a certain point, played well.

politiciansnounUS /ˌpɑːləˈtɪʃənz/

plural of “politician” — a leader engaged in civil administration

From this reading His religion was the British Empire; his saints, the men who had made it; his prophets, the politicians and publicists who held most firmly the Imperial tone.

prophetsnounUS /ˈprɑːfəts/

the second of three divisions of the Hebrew Scriptures

From this reading His religion was the British Empire; his saints, the men who had made it; his prophets, the politicians and publicists who held most firmly the Imperial tone.

prosenounUS /proʊz/

ordinary writing as distinguished from verse

From this reading For poetry, though as a rule he disguised the fact, he had a strong distaste; once, when aged about twenty, he startled his father by observing that "In Memoriam" seemed to him a shocking instance of wasted energy; he would undertake to compress the whole significance of each section, with its laborious rhymings, into two or three lines of good clear prose.

publicistsnounUS /ˈpʌblɪsɪsts/

plural of “publicist” — someone who publicizes

From this reading His religion was the British Empire; his saints, the men who had made it; his prophets, the politicians and publicists who held most firmly the Imperial tone.

religionnounUS /rɪˈlɪdʒən/

a strong belief in a supernatural power or powers that control human destiny

From this reading His religion was the British Empire; his saints, the men who had made it; his prophets, the politicians and publicists who held most firmly the Imperial tone.

rhymings

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For poetry, though as a rule he disguised the fact, he had a strong distaste; once, when aged about twenty, he startled his father by observing that "In Memoriam" seemed to him a shocking instance of wasted energy; he would undertake to compress the whole significance of each section, with its laborious rhymings, into two or three lines of good clear prose.

rulenounUS /ruːl/

a principle or condition that customarily governs behavior

From this reading For poetry, though as a rule he disguised the fact, he had a strong distaste; once, when aged about twenty, he startled his father by observing that "In Memoriam" seemed to him a shocking instance of wasted energy; he would undertake to compress the whole significance of each section, with its laborious rhymings, into two or three lines of good clear prose.

saintsnounUS /seɪnts/

plural of “saint” — a person who has died and has been declared a saint by canonization

From this reading His religion was the British Empire; his saints, the men who had made it; his prophets, the politicians and publicists who held most firmly the Imperial tone.

sectionnounUS /ˈsekʃən/

a self-contained part of a larger composition (written or musical)

From this reading For poetry, though as a rule he disguised the fact, he had a strong distaste; once, when aged about twenty, he startled his father by observing that "In Memoriam" seemed to him a shocking instance of wasted energy; he would undertake to compress the whole significance of each section, with its laborious rhymings, into two or three lines of good clear prose.

seemedverbUS /siːmd/

past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading For poetry, though as a rule he disguised the fact, he had a strong distaste; once, when aged about twenty, he startled his father by observing that "In Memoriam" seemed to him a shocking instance of wasted energy; he would undertake to compress the whole significance of each section, with its laborious rhymings, into two or three lines of good clear prose.

sentimentaladjectiveUS /ˌsentəˈmentəl/

given to or marked by sentiment or sentimentality

From this reading Naturally the young man had undergone no sentimental troubles; he had not yet talked of marrying, and cared only for the society of mature women who took common-sense views of life.

shockingadjectiveUS /ˈʃɑːkɪŋ/

glaringly vivid and graphic; marked by sensationalism

From this reading For poetry, though as a rule he disguised the fact, he had a strong distaste; once, when aged about twenty, he startled his father by observing that "In Memoriam" seemed to him a shocking instance of wasted energy; he would undertake to compress the whole significance of each section, with its laborious rhymings, into two or three lines of good clear prose.

significancenounUS /səɡˈnɪfɪkəns/

the quality of being significant

From this reading For poetry, though as a rule he disguised the fact, he had a strong distaste; once, when aged about twenty, he startled his father by observing that "In Memoriam" seemed to him a shocking instance of wasted energy; he would undertake to compress the whole significance of each section, with its laborious rhymings, into two or three lines of good clear prose.

societynounUS /səˈsaɪəti/

an extended social group having a distinctive cultural and economic organization

From this reading Naturally the young man had undergone no sentimental troubles; he had not yet talked of marrying, and cared only for the society of mature women who took common-sense views of life.

startledadjectiveUS /ˈstɑːrtəld/

excited by sudden surprise or alarm and making a quick involuntary movement

From this reading For poetry, though as a rule he disguised the fact, he had a strong distaste; once, when aged about twenty, he startled his father by observing that "In Memoriam" seemed to him a shocking instance of wasted energy; he would undertake to compress the whole significance of each section, with its laborious rhymings, into two or three lines of good clear prose.

strongadjectiveUS /strɔːŋ/

having strength or power greater than average or expected

From this reading For poetry, though as a rule he disguised the fact, he had a strong distaste; once, when aged about twenty, he startled his father by observing that "In Memoriam" seemed to him a shocking instance of wasted energy; he would undertake to compress the whole significance of each section, with its laborious rhymings, into two or three lines of good clear prose.

talkedverbUS /tɔːkt/

past form of “talk” — exchange thoughts; talk with

From this reading Naturally the young man had undergone no sentimental troubles; he had not yet talked of marrying, and cared only for the society of mature women who took common-sense views of life.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading For poetry, though as a rule he disguised the fact, he had a strong distaste; once, when aged about twenty, he startled his father by observing that "In Memoriam" seemed to him a shocking instance of wasted energy; he would undertake to compress the whole significance of each section, with its laborious rhymings, into two or three lines of good clear prose.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading For poetry, though as a rule he disguised the fact, he had a strong distaste; once, when aged about twenty, he startled his father by observing that "In Memoriam" seemed to him a shocking instance of wasted energy; he would undertake to compress the whole significance of each section, with its laborious rhymings, into two or three lines of good clear prose.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading Where Arnold Jacks was in company, there could be no dullness.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading For poetry, though as a rule he disguised the fact, he had a strong distaste; once, when aged about twenty, he startled his father by observing that "In Memoriam" seemed to him a shocking instance of wasted energy; he would undertake to compress the whole significance of each section, with its laborious rhymings, into two or three lines of good clear prose.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading For poetry, though as a rule he disguised the fact, he had a strong distaste; once, when aged about twenty, he startled his father by observing that "In Memoriam" seemed to him a shocking instance of wasted energy; he would undertake to compress the whole significance of each section, with its laborious rhymings, into two or three lines of good clear prose.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Music was one of his foibles; he learnt an instrument with wonderful facility, and, up to a certain point, played well.

tonenounUS /toʊn/

the quality of a person's voice

From this reading His religion was the British Empire; his saints, the men who had made it; his prophets, the politicians and publicists who held most firmly the Imperial tone.

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading Naturally the young man had undergone no sentimental troubles; he had not yet talked of marrying, and cared only for the society of mature women who took common-sense views of life.

troublesnounUS /ˈtrʌbəlz/

plural of “trouble” — a source of difficulty

From this reading Naturally the young man had undergone no sentimental troubles; he had not yet talked of marrying, and cared only for the society of mature women who took common-sense views of life.

twentynounUS /ˈtwenti/

the cardinal number that is the sum of nineteen and one

From this reading For poetry, though as a rule he disguised the fact, he had a strong distaste; once, when aged about twenty, he startled his father by observing that "In Memoriam" seemed to him a shocking instance of wasted energy; he would undertake to compress the whole significance of each section, with its laborious rhymings, into two or three lines of good clear prose.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading For poetry, though as a rule he disguised the fact, he had a strong distaste; once, when aged about twenty, he startled his father by observing that "In Memoriam" seemed to him a shocking instance of wasted energy; he would undertake to compress the whole significance of each section, with its laborious rhymings, into two or three lines of good clear prose.

undergoneverbUS /ˌʌndərˈɡɔːn/

inflected form of “undergo” — pass through

From this reading Naturally the young man had undergone no sentimental troubles; he had not yet talked of marrying, and cared only for the society of mature women who took common-sense views of life.

undertakeverbUS /ˈʌndərteɪk/

enter upon an activity or enterprise

From this reading For poetry, though as a rule he disguised the fact, he had a strong distaste; once, when aged about twenty, he startled his father by observing that "In Memoriam" seemed to him a shocking instance of wasted energy; he would undertake to compress the whole significance of each section, with its laborious rhymings, into two or three lines of good clear prose.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading Music was one of his foibles; he learnt an instrument with wonderful facility, and, up to a certain point, played well.

viewsnounUS /vjuːz/

plural of “view” — a way of regarding situations or topics etc.

From this reading Naturally the young man had undergone no sentimental troubles; he had not yet talked of marrying, and cared only for the society of mature women who took common-sense views of life.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Music was one of his foibles; he learnt an instrument with wonderful facility, and, up to a certain point, played well.

wastedadjectiveUS /ˈweɪstɪd/

serving no useful purpose; having no excuse for being

From this reading For poetry, though as a rule he disguised the fact, he had a strong distaste; once, when aged about twenty, he startled his father by observing that "In Memoriam" seemed to him a shocking instance of wasted energy; he would undertake to compress the whole significance of each section, with its laborious rhymings, into two or three lines of good clear prose.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading Music was one of his foibles; he learnt an instrument with wonderful facility, and, up to a certain point, played well.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading For poetry, though as a rule he disguised the fact, he had a strong distaste; once, when aged about twenty, he startled his father by observing that "In Memoriam" seemed to him a shocking instance of wasted energy; he would undertake to compress the whole significance of each section, with its laborious rhymings, into two or three lines of good clear prose.

WhereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading Where Arnold Jacks was in company, there could be no dullness.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Naturally the young man had undergone no sentimental troubles; he had not yet talked of marrying, and cared only for the society of mature women who took common-sense views of life.

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading For poetry, though as a rule he disguised the fact, he had a strong distaste; once, when aged about twenty, he startled his father by observing that "In Memoriam" seemed to him a shocking instance of wasted energy; he would undertake to compress the whole significance of each section, with its laborious rhymings, into two or three lines of good clear prose.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Music was one of his foibles; he learnt an instrument with wonderful facility, and, up to a certain point, played well.

womennounUS /ˈwɪmən/

plural of “woman” — an adult female person (as opposed to a man)

From this reading Naturally the young man had undergone no sentimental troubles; he had not yet talked of marrying, and cared only for the society of mature women who took common-sense views of life.

wonderfuladjectiveUS /ˈwʌndərfəl/

extraordinarily good or great; used especially as intensifiers

From this reading Music was one of his foibles; he learnt an instrument with wonderful facility, and, up to a certain point, played well.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading For poetry, though as a rule he disguised the fact, he had a strong distaste; once, when aged about twenty, he startled his father by observing that "In Memoriam" seemed to him a shocking instance of wasted energy; he would undertake to compress the whole significance of each section, with its laborious rhymings, into two or three lines of good clear prose.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading Naturally the young man had undergone no sentimental troubles; he had not yet talked of marrying, and cared only for the society of mature women who took common-sense views of life.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading Naturally the young man had undergone no sentimental troubles; he had not yet talked of marrying, and cared only for the society of mature women who took common-sense views of life.

Chapter 1 of The Crown of Life by George Gissing holds 185 sentences, grouped into 37 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of The Crown of Life contain?

Chapter 1 holds 185 sentences of The Crown of Life, unabridged, divided into 37 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of The Crown of Life by George Gissing exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 185 sentences, grouped into 37 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of The Crown of Life?

Work through the 37 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 37 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Crown of Life

Common questions about reading The Crown of Life by George Gissing on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Crown of Life?

Yes. All 7937 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #4541 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Crown of Life is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #4541, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Crown of Life take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1588 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Crown of Life section by section

How to work through The Crown of Life section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 36 chapters of The Crown of Life to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Crown of Life

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Crown of Life, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Straying
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Crown of Life; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Kensington
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Crown of Life; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Gardens
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Crown of Life; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Pleasant
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Crown of Life; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.