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The Crown of Life
The Crown of Life

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Crown of Life is here in full — 185 sentences across 37 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Crown of Life
Context Illustration Reading 31/37 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
You are reading for the Civil Service, I understand?"
Piers liked Mr. Jacks, and was soon chatting freely.
He told how his education had begun at a private school in London, how he had then gone to school at Geneva, and, when seventeen years old, had entered an office of London merchants, dealing with Russia.
"It wasn't my own choice.
My father talked to me, and seemed so anxious for me to go into business that I made no objection.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Crown of Life

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Crown of Life is here in full — 185 sentences across 37 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 31/37 · 5 reading units · Lines 151–155

Line 1
You are reading for the Civil Service, I understand?"
/juː ɑːr ˈriːdɪŋ fɔːr ðə ˈsɪvəl ˈsɜːrvəs aɪ ˌʌndərˈstænd/
Line 2
Piers liked Mr. Jacks, and was soon chatting freely.
/pɪrz laɪkt ˈmɪstər dʒæks ənd wɑːz suːn ˈtʃætɪŋ ˈfriːli/
Line 3
He told how his education had begun at a private school in London, how he had then gone to school at Geneva, and, when seventeen years old, had entered an office of London merchants, dealing with Russia.
Line 4
"It wasn't my own choice.
Line 5
My father talked to me, and seemed so anxious for me to go into business that I made no objection.
/maɪ ˈfɑːðər tɔːkt tuː miː ənd siːmd soʊ ˈæŋkʃəs fɔːr miː tuː ɡoʊ ˈɪntuː ˈbɪznəs ðæt aɪ meɪd noʊ əbˈdʒekʃən/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

chatting verb US /ˈtʃætɪŋ/

inflected form of “chat” — talk socially without exchanging too much information

From this reading “Piers liked Mr. Jacks, and was soon chatting freely.”

dealing noun US /ˈdiːlɪŋ/

method or manner of conduct in relation to others

From this reading “He told how his education had begun at a private school in London, how he had then gone to school at Geneva, and, when seventeen years old, had entered an office of London merchants, dealing with Russia.”

Geneva noun US /dʒəˈniːvə/

a city in southwestern Switzerland at the western end of Lake Geneva; it is the headquarters of various international organizations

From this reading “He told how his education had begun at a private school in London, how he had then gone to school at Geneva, and, when seventeen years old, had entered an office of London merchants, dealing with Russia.”

Jacks noun US /dʒæks/

a game in which jackstones are thrown and picked up in various groups between bounces of a small rubber ball

From this reading “Piers liked Mr. Jacks, and was soon chatting freely.”

merchants noun US /ˈmɜːrtʃənts/

plural of “merchant” — a businessperson engaged in retail trade

From this reading “He told how his education had begun at a private school in London, how he had then gone to school at Geneva, and, when seventeen years old, had entered an office of London merchants, dealing with Russia.”

Piers noun US /pɪrz/

plural of “pier” — a platform built out from the shore into the water and supported by piles; provides access to ships and boats

From this reading “Piers liked Mr. Jacks, and was soon chatting freely.”

Russia noun US /ˈrʌʃə/

a former communist country in eastern Europe and northern Asia; established in 1922; included Russia and 14 other soviet socialist republics (Ukraine and Byelorussia and others); officially dissolved 31 December 1991

From this reading “He told how his education had begun at a private school in London, how he had then gone to school at Geneva, and, when seventeen years old, had entered an office of London merchants, dealing with Russia.”

seventeen adjective US /ˈsevənˈtiːn/

being one more than sixteen

From this reading “He told how his education had begun at a private school in London, how he had then gone to school at Geneva, and, when seventeen years old, had entered an office of London merchants, dealing with Russia.”

All words in this reading · 65

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading He told how his education had begun at a private school in London, how he had then gone to school at Geneva, and, when seventeen years old, had entered an office of London merchants, dealing with Russia.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading He told how his education had begun at a private school in London, how he had then gone to school at Geneva, and, when seventeen years old, had entered an office of London merchants, dealing with Russia.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Piers liked Mr. Jacks, and was soon chatting freely.

anxiousadjectiveUS /ˈæŋkʃəs/

eagerly desirous

From this reading My father talked to me, and seemed so anxious for me to go into business that I made no objection.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading You are reading for the Civil Service, I understand?"

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading He told how his education had begun at a private school in London, how he had then gone to school at Geneva, and, when seventeen years old, had entered an office of London merchants, dealing with Russia.

begunverbUS /bɪˈɡʌn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading He told how his education had begun at a private school in London, how he had then gone to school at Geneva, and, when seventeen years old, had entered an office of London merchants, dealing with Russia.

businessnounUS /ˈbɪznəs/

a commercial or industrial enterprise and the people who constitute it

From this reading My father talked to me, and seemed so anxious for me to go into business that I made no objection.

chattingverbUS /ˈtʃætɪŋ/

inflected form of “chat” — talk socially without exchanging too much information

From this reading Piers liked Mr. Jacks, and was soon chatting freely.

choicenounUS /tʃɔɪs/

the person or thing chosen or selected

From this reading "It wasn't my own choice.

CiviladjectiveUS /ˈsɪvəl/

applying to ordinary citizens as contrasted with the military

From this reading You are reading for the Civil Service, I understand?"

dealingnounUS /ˈdiːlɪŋ/

method or manner of conduct in relation to others

From this reading He told how his education had begun at a private school in London, how he had then gone to school at Geneva, and, when seventeen years old, had entered an office of London merchants, dealing with Russia.

educationnounUS /ˌedʒəˈkeɪʃən/

the activities of educating or instructing; activities that impart knowledge or skill

From this reading He told how his education had begun at a private school in London, how he had then gone to school at Geneva, and, when seventeen years old, had entered an office of London merchants, dealing with Russia.

enteredverbUS /ˈentərd/

past form of “enter” — to come or go into

From this reading He told how his education had begun at a private school in London, how he had then gone to school at Geneva, and, when seventeen years old, had entered an office of London merchants, dealing with Russia.

fathernounUS /ˈfɑːðər/

a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading My father talked to me, and seemed so anxious for me to go into business that I made no objection.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading You are reading for the Civil Service, I understand?"

freelyadverbUS /ˈfriːli/

in a free manner

From this reading Piers liked Mr. Jacks, and was soon chatting freely.

GenevanounUS /dʒəˈniːvə/

a city in southwestern Switzerland at the western end of Lake Geneva; it is the headquarters of various international organizations

From this reading He told how his education had begun at a private school in London, how he had then gone to school at Geneva, and, when seventeen years old, had entered an office of London merchants, dealing with Russia.

goverbUS /ɡoʊ/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading My father talked to me, and seemed so anxious for me to go into business that I made no objection.

goneadjectiveUS /ɡɔːn/

destroyed or killed

From this reading He told how his education had begun at a private school in London, how he had then gone to school at Geneva, and, when seventeen years old, had entered an office of London merchants, dealing with Russia.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading He told how his education had begun at a private school in London, how he had then gone to school at Geneva, and, when seventeen years old, had entered an office of London merchants, dealing with Russia.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He told how his education had begun at a private school in London, how he had then gone to school at Geneva, and, when seventeen years old, had entered an office of London merchants, dealing with Russia.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading He told how his education had begun at a private school in London, how he had then gone to school at Geneva, and, when seventeen years old, had entered an office of London merchants, dealing with Russia.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He told how his education had begun at a private school in London, how he had then gone to school at Geneva, and, when seventeen years old, had entered an office of London merchants, dealing with Russia.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading You are reading for the Civil Service, I understand?"

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading He told how his education had begun at a private school in London, how he had then gone to school at Geneva, and, when seventeen years old, had entered an office of London merchants, dealing with Russia.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading My father talked to me, and seemed so anxious for me to go into business that I made no objection.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading "It wasn't my own choice.

JacksnounUS /dʒæks/

a game in which jackstones are thrown and picked up in various groups between bounces of a small rubber ball

From this reading Piers liked Mr. Jacks, and was soon chatting freely.

likedadjectiveUS /laɪkt/

found pleasant or attractive; often used as a combining form

From this reading Piers liked Mr. Jacks, and was soon chatting freely.

LondonnounUS /ˈlʌndən/

the capital and largest city of England; located on the Thames in southeastern England; financial and industrial and cultural center

From this reading He told how his education had begun at a private school in London, how he had then gone to school at Geneva, and, when seventeen years old, had entered an office of London merchants, dealing with Russia.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading My father talked to me, and seemed so anxious for me to go into business that I made no objection.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading My father talked to me, and seemed so anxious for me to go into business that I made no objection.

merchantsnounUS /ˈmɜːrtʃənts/

plural of “merchant” — a businessperson engaged in retail trade

From this reading He told how his education had begun at a private school in London, how he had then gone to school at Geneva, and, when seventeen years old, had entered an office of London merchants, dealing with Russia.

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading Piers liked Mr. Jacks, and was soon chatting freely.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading "It wasn't my own choice.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading My father talked to me, and seemed so anxious for me to go into business that I made no objection.

objectionnounUS /əbˈdʒekʃən/

the act of expressing earnest opposition or protest

From this reading My father talked to me, and seemed so anxious for me to go into business that I made no objection.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading He told how his education had begun at a private school in London, how he had then gone to school at Geneva, and, when seventeen years old, had entered an office of London merchants, dealing with Russia.

officenounUS /ˈɔːfɪs/

place of business where professional or clerical duties are performed

From this reading He told how his education had begun at a private school in London, how he had then gone to school at Geneva, and, when seventeen years old, had entered an office of London merchants, dealing with Russia.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading He told how his education had begun at a private school in London, how he had then gone to school at Geneva, and, when seventeen years old, had entered an office of London merchants, dealing with Russia.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading "It wasn't my own choice.

PiersnounUS /pɪrz/

plural of “pier” — a platform built out from the shore into the water and supported by piles; provides access to ships and boats

From this reading Piers liked Mr. Jacks, and was soon chatting freely.

privateadjectiveUS /ˈpraɪvət/

confined to particular persons or groups or providing privacy

From this reading He told how his education had begun at a private school in London, how he had then gone to school at Geneva, and, when seventeen years old, had entered an office of London merchants, dealing with Russia.

readingnounUS /ˈriːdɪŋ/

the cognitive process of understanding a written linguistic message

From this reading You are reading for the Civil Service, I understand?"

RussianounUS /ˈrʌʃə/

a former communist country in eastern Europe and northern Asia; established in 1922; included Russia and 14 other soviet socialist republics (Ukraine and Byelorussia and others); officially dissolved 31 December 1991

From this reading He told how his education had begun at a private school in London, how he had then gone to school at Geneva, and, when seventeen years old, had entered an office of London merchants, dealing with Russia.

schoolnounUS /skuːl/

an educational institution

From this reading He told how his education had begun at a private school in London, how he had then gone to school at Geneva, and, when seventeen years old, had entered an office of London merchants, dealing with Russia.

seemedverbUS /siːmd/

past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading My father talked to me, and seemed so anxious for me to go into business that I made no objection.

ServicenounUS /ˈsɜːrvəs/

work done by one person or group that benefits another

From this reading You are reading for the Civil Service, I understand?"

seventeenadjectiveUS /ˈsevənˈtiːn/

being one more than sixteen

From this reading He told how his education had begun at a private school in London, how he had then gone to school at Geneva, and, when seventeen years old, had entered an office of London merchants, dealing with Russia.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading My father talked to me, and seemed so anxious for me to go into business that I made no objection.

soonadverbUS /suːn/

in the near future

From this reading Piers liked Mr. Jacks, and was soon chatting freely.

talkedverbUS /tɔːkt/

past form of “talk” — exchange thoughts; talk with

From this reading My father talked to me, and seemed so anxious for me to go into business that I made no objection.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading My father talked to me, and seemed so anxious for me to go into business that I made no objection.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading You are reading for the Civil Service, I understand?"

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading He told how his education had begun at a private school in London, how he had then gone to school at Geneva, and, when seventeen years old, had entered an office of London merchants, dealing with Russia.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading He told how his education had begun at a private school in London, how he had then gone to school at Geneva, and, when seventeen years old, had entered an office of London merchants, dealing with Russia.

toldverbUS /toʊld/

inflected form of “tell” — express in words

From this reading He told how his education had begun at a private school in London, how he had then gone to school at Geneva, and, when seventeen years old, had entered an office of London merchants, dealing with Russia.

understandverbUS /ˌʌndərˈstænd/

know and comprehend the nature or meaning of

From this reading You are reading for the Civil Service, I understand?"

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Piers liked Mr. Jacks, and was soon chatting freely.

wasn't

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "It wasn't my own choice.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading He told how his education had begun at a private school in London, how he had then gone to school at Geneva, and, when seventeen years old, had entered an office of London merchants, dealing with Russia.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading He told how his education had begun at a private school in London, how he had then gone to school at Geneva, and, when seventeen years old, had entered an office of London merchants, dealing with Russia.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading He told how his education had begun at a private school in London, how he had then gone to school at Geneva, and, when seventeen years old, had entered an office of London merchants, dealing with Russia.

YoupronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading You are reading for the Civil Service, I understand?"

Chapter 1 of The Crown of Life by George Gissing holds 185 sentences, grouped into 37 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of The Crown of Life contain?

Chapter 1 holds 185 sentences of The Crown of Life, unabridged, divided into 37 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of The Crown of Life by George Gissing exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 185 sentences, grouped into 37 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of The Crown of Life?

Work through the 37 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 37 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Crown of Life

Common questions about reading The Crown of Life by George Gissing on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Crown of Life?

Yes. All 7937 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #4541 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Crown of Life is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #4541, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Crown of Life take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1588 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Crown of Life section by section

How to work through The Crown of Life section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 36 chapters of The Crown of Life to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Crown of Life

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Crown of Life, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Straying
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Crown of Life; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Kensington
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Crown of Life; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Gardens
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Crown of Life; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Pleasant
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Crown of Life; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.