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The Crown of Life
The Crown of Life

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Crown of Life is here in full — 185 sentences across 37 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 33/37 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
However, after I had been two years in the office, I felt I couldn't stand it, and I began privately to read law.
Then one day I wrote to my father, and asked whether he would allow me to be articled to a solicitor.
He replied that he would, if, at the age of twenty, I had gone steadily on with the distasteful office work, and had continued to read law in my leisure.
Well, I accepted this, of course, and in a year's time found how right he had been; already I had got sick of the law books, and didn't care for the idea of being articled.
I told father that, and he asked me to wait six months more, and then to let him know my mind again.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Crown of Life

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Crown of Life is here in full — 185 sentences across 37 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 33/37 · 5 reading units · Lines 161–165

Line 1
However, after I had been two years in the office, I felt I couldn't stand it, and I began privately to read law.
Line 2
Then one day I wrote to my father, and asked whether he would allow me to be articled to a solicitor.
Line 3
He replied that he would, if, at the age of twenty, I had gone steadily on with the distasteful office work, and had continued to read law in my leisure.
/hiː rɪˈplaɪd ðæt hiː wʊd ɪf æt ðə eɪdʒ ʌv ˈtwenti aɪ hæd ɡɔːn ˈstedəli ɑːn wɪð ðə dɪˈsteɪstfəl ˈɔːfɪs wɜːrk ənd hæd kənˈtɪnjuːd tuː red lɔː ɪn maɪ ˈleʒər/
Line 4
Well, I accepted this, of course, and in a year's time found how right he had been; already I had got sick of the law books, and didn't care for the idea of being articled.
Line 5
I told father that, and he asked me to wait six months more, and then to let him know my mind again.
/aɪ toʊld ˈfɑːðər ðæt ənd hiː æskt miː tuː weɪt sɪks mʌnθs mɔːr ənd ðen tuː let hɪm noʊ maɪ maɪnd əˈɡen/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

accepted adjective US /ækˈseptɪd/

generally approved or compelling recognition

From this reading “Well, I accepted this, of course, and in a year's time found how right he had been; already I had got sick of the law books, and didn't care for the idea of being articled.”

allow verb US /əˈlaʊ/

make it possible through a specific action or lack of action for something to happen

From this reading “Then one day I wrote to my father, and asked whether he would allow me to be articled to a solicitor.”

distasteful adjective US /dɪˈsteɪstfəl/

not pleasing in odor or taste

From this reading “He replied that he would, if, at the age of twenty, I had gone steadily on with the distasteful office work, and had continued to read law in my leisure.”

leisure noun US /ˈleʒər/

time available for ease and relaxation

From this reading “He replied that he would, if, at the age of twenty, I had gone steadily on with the distasteful office work, and had continued to read law in my leisure.”

privately adverb US /ˈpraɪvətli/

kept private or confined to those intimately concerned

From this reading “However, after I had been two years in the office, I felt I couldn't stand it, and I began privately to read law.”

solicitor noun US /səˈlɪsətər/

a petitioner who solicits contributions or trade or votes

From this reading “Then one day I wrote to my father, and asked whether he would allow me to be articled to a solicitor.”

steadily adverb US /ˈstedəli/

at a steady rate or pace

From this reading “He replied that he would, if, at the age of twenty, I had gone steadily on with the distasteful office work, and had continued to read law in my leisure.”

year's noun US /jɪrz/

possessive form of “year” — a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading “Well, I accepted this, of course, and in a year's time found how right he had been; already I had got sick of the law books, and didn't care for the idea of being articled.”

All words in this reading · 79

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Then one day I wrote to my father, and asked whether he would allow me to be articled to a solicitor.

acceptedadjectiveUS /ækˈseptɪd/

generally approved or compelling recognition

From this reading Well, I accepted this, of course, and in a year's time found how right he had been; already I had got sick of the law books, and didn't care for the idea of being articled.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading However, after I had been two years in the office, I felt I couldn't stand it, and I began privately to read law.

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading I told father that, and he asked me to wait six months more, and then to let him know my mind again.

agenounUS /eɪdʒ/

how long something has existed

From this reading He replied that he would, if, at the age of twenty, I had gone steadily on with the distasteful office work, and had continued to read law in my leisure.

allowverbUS /əˈlaʊ/

make it possible through a specific action or lack of action for something to happen

From this reading Then one day I wrote to my father, and asked whether he would allow me to be articled to a solicitor.

alreadyadverbUS /ɔːlˈredi/

prior to a specified or implied time

From this reading Well, I accepted this, of course, and in a year's time found how right he had been; already I had got sick of the law books, and didn't care for the idea of being articled.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading However, after I had been two years in the office, I felt I couldn't stand it, and I began privately to read law.

articledadjective

bound by contract

From this reading Then one day I wrote to my father, and asked whether he would allow me to be articled to a solicitor.

askedverbUS /æskt/

past form of “ask” — make a request or demand for something to somebody

From this reading Then one day I wrote to my father, and asked whether he would allow me to be articled to a solicitor.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading He replied that he would, if, at the age of twenty, I had gone steadily on with the distasteful office work, and had continued to read law in my leisure.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Then one day I wrote to my father, and asked whether he would allow me to be articled to a solicitor.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading However, after I had been two years in the office, I felt I couldn't stand it, and I began privately to read law.

beganverbUS /bɪˈɡæn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading However, after I had been two years in the office, I felt I couldn't stand it, and I began privately to read law.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading Well, I accepted this, of course, and in a year's time found how right he had been; already I had got sick of the law books, and didn't care for the idea of being articled.

booksnounUS /bʊks/

Bound written or printed works.

From this reading Well, I accepted this, of course, and in a year's time found how right he had been; already I had got sick of the law books, and didn't care for the idea of being articled.

carenounUS /ker/

the work of providing treatment for or attending to someone or something

From this reading Well, I accepted this, of course, and in a year's time found how right he had been; already I had got sick of the law books, and didn't care for the idea of being articled.

continuedadjectiveUS /kənˈtɪnjuːd/

without stop or interruption

From this reading He replied that he would, if, at the age of twenty, I had gone steadily on with the distasteful office work, and had continued to read law in my leisure.

couldn't

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading However, after I had been two years in the office, I felt I couldn't stand it, and I began privately to read law.

coursenounUS /kɔːrs/

education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings

From this reading Well, I accepted this, of course, and in a year's time found how right he had been; already I had got sick of the law books, and didn't care for the idea of being articled.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading Then one day I wrote to my father, and asked whether he would allow me to be articled to a solicitor.

didn't

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Well, I accepted this, of course, and in a year's time found how right he had been; already I had got sick of the law books, and didn't care for the idea of being articled.

distastefuladjectiveUS /dɪˈsteɪstfəl/

not pleasing in odor or taste

From this reading He replied that he would, if, at the age of twenty, I had gone steadily on with the distasteful office work, and had continued to read law in my leisure.

fathernounUS /ˈfɑːðər/

a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading Then one day I wrote to my father, and asked whether he would allow me to be articled to a solicitor.

feltverbUS /felt/

mat together and make felt-like

From this reading However, after I had been two years in the office, I felt I couldn't stand it, and I began privately to read law.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Well, I accepted this, of course, and in a year's time found how right he had been; already I had got sick of the law books, and didn't care for the idea of being articled.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading Well, I accepted this, of course, and in a year's time found how right he had been; already I had got sick of the law books, and didn't care for the idea of being articled.

goneadjectiveUS /ɡɔːn/

destroyed or killed

From this reading He replied that he would, if, at the age of twenty, I had gone steadily on with the distasteful office work, and had continued to read law in my leisure.

gotverbUS /ɡɑːt/

inflected form of “get” — come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading Well, I accepted this, of course, and in a year's time found how right he had been; already I had got sick of the law books, and didn't care for the idea of being articled.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading However, after I had been two years in the office, I felt I couldn't stand it, and I began privately to read law.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Then one day I wrote to my father, and asked whether he would allow me to be articled to a solicitor.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading I told father that, and he asked me to wait six months more, and then to let him know my mind again.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Well, I accepted this, of course, and in a year's time found how right he had been; already I had got sick of the law books, and didn't care for the idea of being articled.

HoweveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading However, after I had been two years in the office, I felt I couldn't stand it, and I began privately to read law.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading However, after I had been two years in the office, I felt I couldn't stand it, and I began privately to read law.

ideanounUS /aɪˈdiːə/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading Well, I accepted this, of course, and in a year's time found how right he had been; already I had got sick of the law books, and didn't care for the idea of being articled.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading He replied that he would, if, at the age of twenty, I had gone steadily on with the distasteful office work, and had continued to read law in my leisure.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading However, after I had been two years in the office, I felt I couldn't stand it, and I began privately to read law.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading However, after I had been two years in the office, I felt I couldn't stand it, and I began privately to read law.

knowverbUS /noʊ/

be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading I told father that, and he asked me to wait six months more, and then to let him know my mind again.

lawnounUS /lɔː/

the collection of rules imposed by authority

From this reading However, after I had been two years in the office, I felt I couldn't stand it, and I began privately to read law.

leisurenounUS /ˈleʒər/

time available for ease and relaxation

From this reading He replied that he would, if, at the age of twenty, I had gone steadily on with the distasteful office work, and had continued to read law in my leisure.

letauxiliary verbUS /let/

used to make a suggestion or a command including the speaker

From this reading I told father that, and he asked me to wait six months more, and then to let him know my mind again.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Then one day I wrote to my father, and asked whether he would allow me to be articled to a solicitor.

mindnounUS /maɪnd/

The element of a person that enables awareness and thought.

From this reading I told father that, and he asked me to wait six months more, and then to let him know my mind again.

monthsnounUS /mʌnθs/

plural of “month” — one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year

From this reading I told father that, and he asked me to wait six months more, and then to let him know my mind again.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading I told father that, and he asked me to wait six months more, and then to let him know my mind again.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading Then one day I wrote to my father, and asked whether he would allow me to be articled to a solicitor.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading He replied that he would, if, at the age of twenty, I had gone steadily on with the distasteful office work, and had continued to read law in my leisure.

officenounUS /ˈɔːfɪs/

place of business where professional or clerical duties are performed

From this reading However, after I had been two years in the office, I felt I couldn't stand it, and I began privately to read law.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading He replied that he would, if, at the age of twenty, I had gone steadily on with the distasteful office work, and had continued to read law in my leisure.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Then one day I wrote to my father, and asked whether he would allow me to be articled to a solicitor.

privatelyadverbUS /ˈpraɪvətli/

kept private or confined to those intimately concerned

From this reading However, after I had been two years in the office, I felt I couldn't stand it, and I began privately to read law.

readverbUS /red/

interpret something that is written or printed

From this reading However, after I had been two years in the office, I felt I couldn't stand it, and I began privately to read law.

repliedverbUS /rɪˈplaɪd/

inflected form of “reply” — react verbally

From this reading He replied that he would, if, at the age of twenty, I had gone steadily on with the distasteful office work, and had continued to read law in my leisure.

rightadverbUS /raɪt/

precisely, exactly

From this reading Well, I accepted this, of course, and in a year's time found how right he had been; already I had got sick of the law books, and didn't care for the idea of being articled.

sickadjectiveUS /sɪk/

affected by an impairment of normal physical or mental function

From this reading Well, I accepted this, of course, and in a year's time found how right he had been; already I had got sick of the law books, and didn't care for the idea of being articled.

sixnounUS /sɪks/

the cardinal number that is the sum of five and one

From this reading I told father that, and he asked me to wait six months more, and then to let him know my mind again.

solicitornounUS /səˈlɪsətər/

a petitioner who solicits contributions or trade or votes

From this reading Then one day I wrote to my father, and asked whether he would allow me to be articled to a solicitor.

standverbUS /stænd/

be standing; be upright

From this reading However, after I had been two years in the office, I felt I couldn't stand it, and I began privately to read law.

steadilyadverbUS /ˈstedəli/

at a steady rate or pace

From this reading He replied that he would, if, at the age of twenty, I had gone steadily on with the distasteful office work, and had continued to read law in my leisure.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading He replied that he would, if, at the age of twenty, I had gone steadily on with the distasteful office work, and had continued to read law in my leisure.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading However, after I had been two years in the office, I felt I couldn't stand it, and I began privately to read law.

ThenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading Then one day I wrote to my father, and asked whether he would allow me to be articled to a solicitor.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Well, I accepted this, of course, and in a year's time found how right he had been; already I had got sick of the law books, and didn't care for the idea of being articled.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Well, I accepted this, of course, and in a year's time found how right he had been; already I had got sick of the law books, and didn't care for the idea of being articled.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading However, after I had been two years in the office, I felt I couldn't stand it, and I began privately to read law.

toldverbUS /toʊld/

inflected form of “tell” — express in words

From this reading I told father that, and he asked me to wait six months more, and then to let him know my mind again.

twentynounUS /ˈtwenti/

the cardinal number that is the sum of nineteen and one

From this reading He replied that he would, if, at the age of twenty, I had gone steadily on with the distasteful office work, and had continued to read law in my leisure.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading However, after I had been two years in the office, I felt I couldn't stand it, and I began privately to read law.

waitverbUS /weɪt/

stay in one place and anticipate or expect something

From this reading I told father that, and he asked me to wait six months more, and then to let him know my mind again.

WelladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading Well, I accepted this, of course, and in a year's time found how right he had been; already I had got sick of the law books, and didn't care for the idea of being articled.

whetherconjunctionUS /ˈweðər/

used to introduce two or more possibilities

From this reading Then one day I wrote to my father, and asked whether he would allow me to be articled to a solicitor.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading He replied that he would, if, at the age of twenty, I had gone steadily on with the distasteful office work, and had continued to read law in my leisure.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading He replied that he would, if, at the age of twenty, I had gone steadily on with the distasteful office work, and had continued to read law in my leisure.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading Then one day I wrote to my father, and asked whether he would allow me to be articled to a solicitor.

wroteverbUS /roʊt/

inflected form of “write” — produce a literary work

From this reading Then one day I wrote to my father, and asked whether he would allow me to be articled to a solicitor.

year'snounUS /jɪrz/

possessive form of “year” — a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading Well, I accepted this, of course, and in a year's time found how right he had been; already I had got sick of the law books, and didn't care for the idea of being articled.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading However, after I had been two years in the office, I felt I couldn't stand it, and I began privately to read law.

Chapter 1 of The Crown of Life by George Gissing holds 185 sentences, grouped into 37 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of The Crown of Life contain?

Chapter 1 holds 185 sentences of The Crown of Life, unabridged, divided into 37 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of The Crown of Life by George Gissing exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 185 sentences, grouped into 37 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of The Crown of Life?

Work through the 37 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 37 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Crown of Life

Common questions about reading The Crown of Life by George Gissing on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Crown of Life?

Yes. All 7937 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #4541 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Crown of Life is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #4541, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Crown of Life take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1588 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Crown of Life section by section

How to work through The Crown of Life section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 36 chapters of The Crown of Life to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Crown of Life

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Crown of Life, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Straying
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Crown of Life; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Kensington
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Crown of Life; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Gardens
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Crown of Life; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Pleasant
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Crown of Life; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.