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The Crown of Life
The Crown of Life

Chapter XVII · Chapter 17

Chapter 17 of The Crown of Life is here in full — 243 sentences across 49 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/48 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Strangers with whom Piers Otway had business at this time saw in him a young man of considerable energy, though rather nervous and impulsive, capable in all that concerned his special interests, not over-sanguine, inclined to brevity of speech, and scrupulously courteous in a cold way.
He seldom smiled; his clean-cut, intelligent features expressed tension of the whole man, ceaseless strain and effort without that joy of combat which compensates physical expenditure.
He looked in fair, not robust, health; a shadowed pallor of complexion was natural to him, and made noticeable the very fine texture of his skin, which quickly betrayed in delicate flushes any strong feeling.
He shook hands with a short, firm grip which argued more muscle than one might have supposed in him.
His walk was rapid; his bearing upright; his glance direct, with something of apprehensive pride.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Crown of Life

Chapter XVII · Chapter 17

Chapter 17 of The Crown of Life is here in full — 243 sentences across 49 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/48 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Strangers with whom Piers Otway had business at this time saw in him a young man of considerable energy, though rather nervous and impulsive, capable in all that concerned his special interests, not over-sanguine, inclined to brevity of speech, and scrupulously courteous in a cold way.
Line 2
He seldom smiled; his clean-cut, intelligent features expressed tension of the whole man, ceaseless strain and effort without that joy of combat which compensates physical expenditure.
Line 3
He looked in fair, not robust, health; a shadowed pallor of complexion was natural to him, and made noticeable the very fine texture of his skin, which quickly betrayed in delicate flushes any strong feeling.
Line 4
He shook hands with a short, firm grip which argued more muscle than one might have supposed in him.
/hiː ʃʊk hændz wɪð ə ʃɔːrt fɜːrm ɡrɪp wɪtʃ ˈɑːrɡjuːd mɔːr ˈmʌsəl ðæn wʌn maɪt hæv səˈpoʊzd ɪn hɪm/
Line 5
His walk was rapid; his bearing upright; his glance direct, with something of apprehensive pride.
/hɪz wɔːk wɑːz ˈræpəd hɪz ˈberɪŋ əˈpraɪt hɪz ɡlæns dərˈekt wɪð ˈsʌmθɪŋ ʌv ˌæprɪˈhensɪv praɪd/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

apprehensive adjective US /ˌæprɪˈhensɪv/

quick to understand

From this reading “His walk was rapid; his bearing upright; his glance direct, with something of apprehensive pride.”

brevity noun US /ˈbrevəti/

the use of brief expressions

From this reading “Strangers with whom Piers Otway had business at this time saw in him a young man of considerable energy, though rather nervous and impulsive, capable in all that concerned his special interests, not over-sanguine, inclined to brevity of speech, and scrupulously courteous in a cold way.”

compensates verb US /ˈkɑːmpənseɪts/

third-person singular of “compensate” — adjust for

From this reading “He seldom smiled; his clean-cut, intelligent features expressed tension of the whole man, ceaseless strain and effort without that joy of combat which compensates physical expenditure.”

expenditure noun US /ɪkˈspendətʃər/

money paid out; an amount spent

From this reading “He seldom smiled; his clean-cut, intelligent features expressed tension of the whole man, ceaseless strain and effort without that joy of combat which compensates physical expenditure.”

flushes noun US /ˈflʌʃɪz/

plural of “flush” — the period of greatest prosperity or productivity

From this reading “He looked in fair, not robust, health; a shadowed pallor of complexion was natural to him, and made noticeable the very fine texture of his skin, which quickly betrayed in delicate flushes any strong feeling.”

Piers noun US /pɪrz/

plural of “pier” — a platform built out from the shore into the water and supported by piles; provides access to ships and boats

From this reading “Strangers with whom Piers Otway had business at this time saw in him a young man of considerable energy, though rather nervous and impulsive, capable in all that concerned his special interests, not over-sanguine, inclined to brevity of speech, and scrupulously courteous in a cold way.”

scrupulously adverb US /ˈskruːpjələsli/

with extreme conscientiousness

From this reading “Strangers with whom Piers Otway had business at this time saw in him a young man of considerable energy, though rather nervous and impulsive, capable in all that concerned his special interests, not over-sanguine, inclined to brevity of speech, and scrupulously courteous in a cold way.”

texture noun US /ˈtekstʃər/

the feel of a surface or a fabric

From this reading “He looked in fair, not robust, health; a shadowed pallor of complexion was natural to him, and made noticeable the very fine texture of his skin, which quickly betrayed in delicate flushes any strong feeling.”

All words in this reading · 105

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Strangers with whom Piers Otway had business at this time saw in him a young man of considerable energy, though rather nervous and impulsive, capable in all that concerned his special interests, not over-sanguine, inclined to brevity of speech, and scrupulously courteous in a cold way.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Strangers with whom Piers Otway had business at this time saw in him a young man of considerable energy, though rather nervous and impulsive, capable in all that concerned his special interests, not over-sanguine, inclined to brevity of speech, and scrupulously courteous in a cold way.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Strangers with whom Piers Otway had business at this time saw in him a young man of considerable energy, though rather nervous and impulsive, capable in all that concerned his special interests, not over-sanguine, inclined to brevity of speech, and scrupulously courteous in a cold way.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading He looked in fair, not robust, health; a shadowed pallor of complexion was natural to him, and made noticeable the very fine texture of his skin, which quickly betrayed in delicate flushes any strong feeling.

apprehensiveadjectiveUS /ˌæprɪˈhensɪv/

quick to understand

From this reading His walk was rapid; his bearing upright; his glance direct, with something of apprehensive pride.

arguedverbUS /ˈɑːrɡjuːd/

past form of “argue” — present reasons and arguments

From this reading He shook hands with a short, firm grip which argued more muscle than one might have supposed in him.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Strangers with whom Piers Otway had business at this time saw in him a young man of considerable energy, though rather nervous and impulsive, capable in all that concerned his special interests, not over-sanguine, inclined to brevity of speech, and scrupulously courteous in a cold way.

bearingnounUS /ˈberɪŋ/

relevant relation or interconnection

From this reading His walk was rapid; his bearing upright; his glance direct, with something of apprehensive pride.

betrayedverbUS /bɪˈtreɪd/

past form of “betray” — reveal unintentionally

From this reading He looked in fair, not robust, health; a shadowed pallor of complexion was natural to him, and made noticeable the very fine texture of his skin, which quickly betrayed in delicate flushes any strong feeling.

brevitynounUS /ˈbrevəti/

the use of brief expressions

From this reading Strangers with whom Piers Otway had business at this time saw in him a young man of considerable energy, though rather nervous and impulsive, capable in all that concerned his special interests, not over-sanguine, inclined to brevity of speech, and scrupulously courteous in a cold way.

businessnounUS /ˈbɪznəs/

a commercial or industrial enterprise and the people who constitute it

From this reading Strangers with whom Piers Otway had business at this time saw in him a young man of considerable energy, though rather nervous and impulsive, capable in all that concerned his special interests, not over-sanguine, inclined to brevity of speech, and scrupulously courteous in a cold way.

capableadjectiveUS /ˈkeɪpəbəl/

(usually followed by “of”) having capacity or ability

From this reading Strangers with whom Piers Otway had business at this time saw in him a young man of considerable energy, though rather nervous and impulsive, capable in all that concerned his special interests, not over-sanguine, inclined to brevity of speech, and scrupulously courteous in a cold way.

ceaselessadjectiveUS /ˈsiːslɪs/

uninterrupted in time and indefinitely long continuing

From this reading He seldom smiled; his clean-cut, intelligent features expressed tension of the whole man, ceaseless strain and effort without that joy of combat which compensates physical expenditure.

clean-cutadjective

neat and smart in appearance

From this reading He seldom smiled; his clean-cut, intelligent features expressed tension of the whole man, ceaseless strain and effort without that joy of combat which compensates physical expenditure.

coldadjectiveUS /koʊld/

having a low or inadequate temperature or feeling a sensation of coldness or having been made cold by e.g. ice or refrigeration

From this reading Strangers with whom Piers Otway had business at this time saw in him a young man of considerable energy, though rather nervous and impulsive, capable in all that concerned his special interests, not over-sanguine, inclined to brevity of speech, and scrupulously courteous in a cold way.

combatnounUS /ˈkɑːmbæt/

an engagement fought between two military forces

From this reading He seldom smiled; his clean-cut, intelligent features expressed tension of the whole man, ceaseless strain and effort without that joy of combat which compensates physical expenditure.

compensatesverbUS /ˈkɑːmpənseɪts/

third-person singular of “compensate” — adjust for

From this reading He seldom smiled; his clean-cut, intelligent features expressed tension of the whole man, ceaseless strain and effort without that joy of combat which compensates physical expenditure.

complexionnounUS /kəmˈplekʃən/

the coloring of a person's face

From this reading He looked in fair, not robust, health; a shadowed pallor of complexion was natural to him, and made noticeable the very fine texture of his skin, which quickly betrayed in delicate flushes any strong feeling.

concernedadjectiveUS /kənˈsɜːrnd/

feeling or showing worry or solicitude

From this reading Strangers with whom Piers Otway had business at this time saw in him a young man of considerable energy, though rather nervous and impulsive, capable in all that concerned his special interests, not over-sanguine, inclined to brevity of speech, and scrupulously courteous in a cold way.

considerableadjectiveUS /kənˈsɪdərəbəl/

large or relatively large in number or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Strangers with whom Piers Otway had business at this time saw in him a young man of considerable energy, though rather nervous and impulsive, capable in all that concerned his special interests, not over-sanguine, inclined to brevity of speech, and scrupulously courteous in a cold way.

courteousadjectiveUS /ˈkɜːrtiəs/

exhibiting courtesy and politeness

From this reading Strangers with whom Piers Otway had business at this time saw in him a young man of considerable energy, though rather nervous and impulsive, capable in all that concerned his special interests, not over-sanguine, inclined to brevity of speech, and scrupulously courteous in a cold way.

delicateadjectiveUS /ˈdeləkət/

exquisitely fine and subtle and pleasing; susceptible to injury

From this reading He looked in fair, not robust, health; a shadowed pallor of complexion was natural to him, and made noticeable the very fine texture of his skin, which quickly betrayed in delicate flushes any strong feeling.

directverbUS /dərˈekt/

command with authority

From this reading His walk was rapid; his bearing upright; his glance direct, with something of apprehensive pride.

effortnounUS /ˈefərt/

earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something

From this reading He seldom smiled; his clean-cut, intelligent features expressed tension of the whole man, ceaseless strain and effort without that joy of combat which compensates physical expenditure.

energynounUS /ˈenərdʒi/

(physics) a thermodynamic quantity equivalent to the capacity of a physical system to do work; the units of energy are joules or ergs

From this reading Strangers with whom Piers Otway had business at this time saw in him a young man of considerable energy, though rather nervous and impulsive, capable in all that concerned his special interests, not over-sanguine, inclined to brevity of speech, and scrupulously courteous in a cold way.

expenditurenounUS /ɪkˈspendətʃər/

money paid out; an amount spent

From this reading He seldom smiled; his clean-cut, intelligent features expressed tension of the whole man, ceaseless strain and effort without that joy of combat which compensates physical expenditure.

expressedadjectiveUS /ɪkˈsprest/

communicated in words

From this reading He seldom smiled; his clean-cut, intelligent features expressed tension of the whole man, ceaseless strain and effort without that joy of combat which compensates physical expenditure.

fairadjectiveUS /fer/

free from favoritism or self-interest or bias or deception; conforming with established standards or rules

From this reading He looked in fair, not robust, health; a shadowed pallor of complexion was natural to him, and made noticeable the very fine texture of his skin, which quickly betrayed in delicate flushes any strong feeling.

featuresnounUS /ˈfiːtʃərz/

plural of “feature” — a prominent attribute or aspect of something

From this reading He seldom smiled; his clean-cut, intelligent features expressed tension of the whole man, ceaseless strain and effort without that joy of combat which compensates physical expenditure.

feelingnounUS /ˈfiːlɪŋ/

the experiencing of affective and emotional states

From this reading He looked in fair, not robust, health; a shadowed pallor of complexion was natural to him, and made noticeable the very fine texture of his skin, which quickly betrayed in delicate flushes any strong feeling.

fineadjectiveUS /faɪn/

being satisfactory or in satisfactory condition

From this reading He looked in fair, not robust, health; a shadowed pallor of complexion was natural to him, and made noticeable the very fine texture of his skin, which quickly betrayed in delicate flushes any strong feeling.

firmadjectiveUS /fɜːrm/

marked by firm determination or resolution; not shakable

From this reading He shook hands with a short, firm grip which argued more muscle than one might have supposed in him.

flushesnounUS /ˈflʌʃɪz/

plural of “flush” — the period of greatest prosperity or productivity

From this reading He looked in fair, not robust, health; a shadowed pallor of complexion was natural to him, and made noticeable the very fine texture of his skin, which quickly betrayed in delicate flushes any strong feeling.

glanceverbUS /ɡlæns/

throw a glance at; take a brief look at

From this reading His walk was rapid; his bearing upright; his glance direct, with something of apprehensive pride.

gripnounUS /ɡrɪp/

the act of grasping

From this reading He shook hands with a short, firm grip which argued more muscle than one might have supposed in him.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Strangers with whom Piers Otway had business at this time saw in him a young man of considerable energy, though rather nervous and impulsive, capable in all that concerned his special interests, not over-sanguine, inclined to brevity of speech, and scrupulously courteous in a cold way.

handsnounUS /hændz/

(with “in”) guardianship over; in divorce cases it is the right to house and care for and discipline a child

From this reading He shook hands with a short, firm grip which argued more muscle than one might have supposed in him.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading He shook hands with a short, firm grip which argued more muscle than one might have supposed in him.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He seldom smiled; his clean-cut, intelligent features expressed tension of the whole man, ceaseless strain and effort without that joy of combat which compensates physical expenditure.

healthnounUS /helθ/

a healthy state of wellbeing free from disease

From this reading He looked in fair, not robust, health; a shadowed pallor of complexion was natural to him, and made noticeable the very fine texture of his skin, which quickly betrayed in delicate flushes any strong feeling.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Strangers with whom Piers Otway had business at this time saw in him a young man of considerable energy, though rather nervous and impulsive, capable in all that concerned his special interests, not over-sanguine, inclined to brevity of speech, and scrupulously courteous in a cold way.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Strangers with whom Piers Otway had business at this time saw in him a young man of considerable energy, though rather nervous and impulsive, capable in all that concerned his special interests, not over-sanguine, inclined to brevity of speech, and scrupulously courteous in a cold way.

impulsiveadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpʌlsɪv/

proceeding from natural feeling or impulse without external stimulus

From this reading Strangers with whom Piers Otway had business at this time saw in him a young man of considerable energy, though rather nervous and impulsive, capable in all that concerned his special interests, not over-sanguine, inclined to brevity of speech, and scrupulously courteous in a cold way.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Strangers with whom Piers Otway had business at this time saw in him a young man of considerable energy, though rather nervous and impulsive, capable in all that concerned his special interests, not over-sanguine, inclined to brevity of speech, and scrupulously courteous in a cold way.

inclinedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈklaɪnd/

(often followed by “to”) having a preference, disposition, or tendency

From this reading Strangers with whom Piers Otway had business at this time saw in him a young man of considerable energy, though rather nervous and impulsive, capable in all that concerned his special interests, not over-sanguine, inclined to brevity of speech, and scrupulously courteous in a cold way.

intelligentadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈtelədʒənt/

having the capacity for thought and reason especially to a high degree

From this reading He seldom smiled; his clean-cut, intelligent features expressed tension of the whole man, ceaseless strain and effort without that joy of combat which compensates physical expenditure.

interestsnounUS /ˈɪntrəsts/

plural of “interest” — a sense of concern with and curiosity about someone or something

From this reading Strangers with whom Piers Otway had business at this time saw in him a young man of considerable energy, though rather nervous and impulsive, capable in all that concerned his special interests, not over-sanguine, inclined to brevity of speech, and scrupulously courteous in a cold way.

joynounUS /dʒɔɪ/

the emotion of great happiness

From this reading He seldom smiled; his clean-cut, intelligent features expressed tension of the whole man, ceaseless strain and effort without that joy of combat which compensates physical expenditure.

lookedverbUS /lʊkt/

past form of “look” — perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading He looked in fair, not robust, health; a shadowed pallor of complexion was natural to him, and made noticeable the very fine texture of his skin, which quickly betrayed in delicate flushes any strong feeling.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading He looked in fair, not robust, health; a shadowed pallor of complexion was natural to him, and made noticeable the very fine texture of his skin, which quickly betrayed in delicate flushes any strong feeling.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading Strangers with whom Piers Otway had business at this time saw in him a young man of considerable energy, though rather nervous and impulsive, capable in all that concerned his special interests, not over-sanguine, inclined to brevity of speech, and scrupulously courteous in a cold way.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading He shook hands with a short, firm grip which argued more muscle than one might have supposed in him.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading He shook hands with a short, firm grip which argued more muscle than one might have supposed in him.

musclenounUS /ˈmʌsəl/

one of the contractile organs of the body

From this reading He shook hands with a short, firm grip which argued more muscle than one might have supposed in him.

naturaladjectiveUS /ˈnætʃərəl/

in accordance with nature; relating to or concerning nature

From this reading He looked in fair, not robust, health; a shadowed pallor of complexion was natural to him, and made noticeable the very fine texture of his skin, which quickly betrayed in delicate flushes any strong feeling.

nervousadjectiveUS /ˈnɜːrvəs/

easily agitated

From this reading Strangers with whom Piers Otway had business at this time saw in him a young man of considerable energy, though rather nervous and impulsive, capable in all that concerned his special interests, not over-sanguine, inclined to brevity of speech, and scrupulously courteous in a cold way.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Strangers with whom Piers Otway had business at this time saw in him a young man of considerable energy, though rather nervous and impulsive, capable in all that concerned his special interests, not over-sanguine, inclined to brevity of speech, and scrupulously courteous in a cold way.

noticeableadjectiveUS /ˈnoʊtəsəbəl/

capable or worthy of being noticed

From this reading He looked in fair, not robust, health; a shadowed pallor of complexion was natural to him, and made noticeable the very fine texture of his skin, which quickly betrayed in delicate flushes any strong feeling.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Strangers with whom Piers Otway had business at this time saw in him a young man of considerable energy, though rather nervous and impulsive, capable in all that concerned his special interests, not over-sanguine, inclined to brevity of speech, and scrupulously courteous in a cold way.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading He shook hands with a short, firm grip which argued more muscle than one might have supposed in him.

Otway

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Strangers with whom Piers Otway had business at this time saw in him a young man of considerable energy, though rather nervous and impulsive, capable in all that concerned his special interests, not over-sanguine, inclined to brevity of speech, and scrupulously courteous in a cold way.

over-sanguine

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Strangers with whom Piers Otway had business at this time saw in him a young man of considerable energy, though rather nervous and impulsive, capable in all that concerned his special interests, not over-sanguine, inclined to brevity of speech, and scrupulously courteous in a cold way.

pallornoun

unnatural lack of color in the skin (as from bruising or sickness or emotional distress)

From this reading He looked in fair, not robust, health; a shadowed pallor of complexion was natural to him, and made noticeable the very fine texture of his skin, which quickly betrayed in delicate flushes any strong feeling.

physicaladjectiveUS /ˈfɪzɪkəl/

involving the body as distinguished from the mind or spirit

From this reading He seldom smiled; his clean-cut, intelligent features expressed tension of the whole man, ceaseless strain and effort without that joy of combat which compensates physical expenditure.

PiersnounUS /pɪrz/

plural of “pier” — a platform built out from the shore into the water and supported by piles; provides access to ships and boats

From this reading Strangers with whom Piers Otway had business at this time saw in him a young man of considerable energy, though rather nervous and impulsive, capable in all that concerned his special interests, not over-sanguine, inclined to brevity of speech, and scrupulously courteous in a cold way.

pridenounUS /praɪd/

a feeling of self-respect and personal worth

From this reading His walk was rapid; his bearing upright; his glance direct, with something of apprehensive pride.

quicklyadverbUS /ˈkwɪkli/

with speed

From this reading He looked in fair, not robust, health; a shadowed pallor of complexion was natural to him, and made noticeable the very fine texture of his skin, which quickly betrayed in delicate flushes any strong feeling.

rapidadjectiveUS /ˈræpəd/

done or occurring in a brief period of time

From this reading His walk was rapid; his bearing upright; his glance direct, with something of apprehensive pride.

ratheradverbUS /ˈræðər/

on the contrary

From this reading Strangers with whom Piers Otway had business at this time saw in him a young man of considerable energy, though rather nervous and impulsive, capable in all that concerned his special interests, not over-sanguine, inclined to brevity of speech, and scrupulously courteous in a cold way.

robustadjectiveUS /roʊˈbʌst/

sturdy and strong in form, constitution, or construction

From this reading He looked in fair, not robust, health; a shadowed pallor of complexion was natural to him, and made noticeable the very fine texture of his skin, which quickly betrayed in delicate flushes any strong feeling.

sawverbUS /sɔː/

cut with a saw

From this reading Strangers with whom Piers Otway had business at this time saw in him a young man of considerable energy, though rather nervous and impulsive, capable in all that concerned his special interests, not over-sanguine, inclined to brevity of speech, and scrupulously courteous in a cold way.

scrupulouslyadverbUS /ˈskruːpjələsli/

with extreme conscientiousness

From this reading Strangers with whom Piers Otway had business at this time saw in him a young man of considerable energy, though rather nervous and impulsive, capable in all that concerned his special interests, not over-sanguine, inclined to brevity of speech, and scrupulously courteous in a cold way.

seldomadverbUS /ˈseldəm/

not often

From this reading He seldom smiled; his clean-cut, intelligent features expressed tension of the whole man, ceaseless strain and effort without that joy of combat which compensates physical expenditure.

shadowedadjectiveUS /ˈʃædoʊd/

filled with shade

From this reading He looked in fair, not robust, health; a shadowed pallor of complexion was natural to him, and made noticeable the very fine texture of his skin, which quickly betrayed in delicate flushes any strong feeling.

shooknounUS /ʃʊk/

a disassembled barrel; the parts packed for storage or shipment

From this reading He shook hands with a short, firm grip which argued more muscle than one might have supposed in him.

shortadjectiveUS /ʃɔːrt/

primarily temporal sense; indicating or being or seeming to be limited in duration

From this reading He shook hands with a short, firm grip which argued more muscle than one might have supposed in him.

skinnounUS /skɪn/

a natural protective body covering and site of the sense of touch

From this reading He looked in fair, not robust, health; a shadowed pallor of complexion was natural to him, and made noticeable the very fine texture of his skin, which quickly betrayed in delicate flushes any strong feeling.

smiledverbUS /smaɪld/

past form of “smile” — change one's facial expression by spreading the lips, often to signal pleasure

From this reading He seldom smiled; his clean-cut, intelligent features expressed tension of the whole man, ceaseless strain and effort without that joy of combat which compensates physical expenditure.

somethingpronounUS /ˈsʌmθɪŋ/

a thing, without saying which

From this reading His walk was rapid; his bearing upright; his glance direct, with something of apprehensive pride.

specialadjectiveUS /ˈspeʃəl/

unique or specific to a person or thing or category

From this reading Strangers with whom Piers Otway had business at this time saw in him a young man of considerable energy, though rather nervous and impulsive, capable in all that concerned his special interests, not over-sanguine, inclined to brevity of speech, and scrupulously courteous in a cold way.

speechnounUS /spiːtʃ/

the act of delivering a formal spoken communication to an audience

From this reading Strangers with whom Piers Otway had business at this time saw in him a young man of considerable energy, though rather nervous and impulsive, capable in all that concerned his special interests, not over-sanguine, inclined to brevity of speech, and scrupulously courteous in a cold way.

strainnounUS /streɪn/

(physics) deformation of a physical body under the action of applied forces

From this reading He seldom smiled; his clean-cut, intelligent features expressed tension of the whole man, ceaseless strain and effort without that joy of combat which compensates physical expenditure.

StrangersnounUS /ˈstreɪndʒərz/

plural of “stranger” — anyone who does not belong in the environment in which they are found

From this reading Strangers with whom Piers Otway had business at this time saw in him a young man of considerable energy, though rather nervous and impulsive, capable in all that concerned his special interests, not over-sanguine, inclined to brevity of speech, and scrupulously courteous in a cold way.

strongadjectiveUS /strɔːŋ/

having strength or power greater than average or expected

From this reading He looked in fair, not robust, health; a shadowed pallor of complexion was natural to him, and made noticeable the very fine texture of his skin, which quickly betrayed in delicate flushes any strong feeling.

supposedadjectiveUS /səˈpoʊzd/

required or under orders

From this reading He shook hands with a short, firm grip which argued more muscle than one might have supposed in him.

tensionnounUS /ˈtenʃən/

(psychology) a state of mental or emotional strain or suspense

From this reading He seldom smiled; his clean-cut, intelligent features expressed tension of the whole man, ceaseless strain and effort without that joy of combat which compensates physical expenditure.

texturenounUS /ˈtekstʃər/

the feel of a surface or a fabric

From this reading He looked in fair, not robust, health; a shadowed pallor of complexion was natural to him, and made noticeable the very fine texture of his skin, which quickly betrayed in delicate flushes any strong feeling.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading He shook hands with a short, firm grip which argued more muscle than one might have supposed in him.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Strangers with whom Piers Otway had business at this time saw in him a young man of considerable energy, though rather nervous and impulsive, capable in all that concerned his special interests, not over-sanguine, inclined to brevity of speech, and scrupulously courteous in a cold way.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading He seldom smiled; his clean-cut, intelligent features expressed tension of the whole man, ceaseless strain and effort without that joy of combat which compensates physical expenditure.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Strangers with whom Piers Otway had business at this time saw in him a young man of considerable energy, though rather nervous and impulsive, capable in all that concerned his special interests, not over-sanguine, inclined to brevity of speech, and scrupulously courteous in a cold way.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading Strangers with whom Piers Otway had business at this time saw in him a young man of considerable energy, though rather nervous and impulsive, capable in all that concerned his special interests, not over-sanguine, inclined to brevity of speech, and scrupulously courteous in a cold way.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Strangers with whom Piers Otway had business at this time saw in him a young man of considerable energy, though rather nervous and impulsive, capable in all that concerned his special interests, not over-sanguine, inclined to brevity of speech, and scrupulously courteous in a cold way.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Strangers with whom Piers Otway had business at this time saw in him a young man of considerable energy, though rather nervous and impulsive, capable in all that concerned his special interests, not over-sanguine, inclined to brevity of speech, and scrupulously courteous in a cold way.

uprightadjectiveUS /əˈpraɪt/

in a vertical position; not sloping

From this reading His walk was rapid; his bearing upright; his glance direct, with something of apprehensive pride.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading He looked in fair, not robust, health; a shadowed pallor of complexion was natural to him, and made noticeable the very fine texture of his skin, which quickly betrayed in delicate flushes any strong feeling.

walknounUS /wɔːk/

the act of traveling by foot

From this reading His walk was rapid; his bearing upright; his glance direct, with something of apprehensive pride.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading He looked in fair, not robust, health; a shadowed pallor of complexion was natural to him, and made noticeable the very fine texture of his skin, which quickly betrayed in delicate flushes any strong feeling.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading Strangers with whom Piers Otway had business at this time saw in him a young man of considerable energy, though rather nervous and impulsive, capable in all that concerned his special interests, not over-sanguine, inclined to brevity of speech, and scrupulously courteous in a cold way.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading He seldom smiled; his clean-cut, intelligent features expressed tension of the whole man, ceaseless strain and effort without that joy of combat which compensates physical expenditure.

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading He seldom smiled; his clean-cut, intelligent features expressed tension of the whole man, ceaseless strain and effort without that joy of combat which compensates physical expenditure.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Strangers with whom Piers Otway had business at this time saw in him a young man of considerable energy, though rather nervous and impulsive, capable in all that concerned his special interests, not over-sanguine, inclined to brevity of speech, and scrupulously courteous in a cold way.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Strangers with whom Piers Otway had business at this time saw in him a young man of considerable energy, though rather nervous and impulsive, capable in all that concerned his special interests, not over-sanguine, inclined to brevity of speech, and scrupulously courteous in a cold way.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading He seldom smiled; his clean-cut, intelligent features expressed tension of the whole man, ceaseless strain and effort without that joy of combat which compensates physical expenditure.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading Strangers with whom Piers Otway had business at this time saw in him a young man of considerable energy, though rather nervous and impulsive, capable in all that concerned his special interests, not over-sanguine, inclined to brevity of speech, and scrupulously courteous in a cold way.

Chapter 17 of The Crown of Life by George Gissing holds 243 sentences, grouped into 49 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 17 of The Crown of Life contain?

Chapter 17 holds 243 sentences of The Crown of Life, unabridged, divided into 49 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 17 of The Crown of Life by George Gissing exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 243 sentences, grouped into 49 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 17 of The Crown of Life?

Work through the 49 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 49 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 17 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 17 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Crown of Life

Common questions about reading The Crown of Life by George Gissing on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Crown of Life?

Yes. All 7937 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #4541 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Crown of Life is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #4541, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Crown of Life take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1588 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Crown of Life section by section

How to work through The Crown of Life section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 36 chapters of The Crown of Life to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Crown of Life

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Crown of Life, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Straying
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Crown of Life; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Kensington
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Crown of Life; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Gardens
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Crown of Life; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Pleasant
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Crown of Life; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.