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The Crown of Life
The Crown of Life

Chapter XXXII · Chapter 32

Chapter 32 of The Crown of Life is here in full — 295 sentences across 59 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/59 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Once in the two years' interval he had paid a short visit to England.
He came on disagreeable business--to see his brother Daniel, who had fallen into the hands of the police on an infamous charge, and only by the exertions of clever counsel (feed by Piers) received the benefit of a doubt and escaped punishment.
Daniel had already written him several begging letters, and, when detected in what looked like crime, declared that poverty and ill-health were his excuse.
He was a broken man.
Surmising his hidden life, Piers wondered at the pass a man can be brought to, in our society, by his primitive instincts; instincts which may lead, when they are impetuous, either to grimiest degradation or loftiest attainment.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Crown of Life

Chapter XXXII · Chapter 32

Chapter 32 of The Crown of Life is here in full — 295 sentences across 59 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/59 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Once in the two years' interval he had paid a short visit to England.
/wʌns ɪn ðə tuː jɪrz ˈɪntərvəl hiː hæd peɪd ə ʃɔːrt ˈvɪzɪt tuː ˈɪŋɡlənd/
Line 2
He came on disagreeable business--to see his brother Daniel, who had fallen into the hands of the police on an infamous charge, and only by the exertions of clever counsel (feed by Piers) received the benefit of a doubt and escaped punishment.
Line 3
Daniel had already written him several begging letters, and, when detected in what looked like crime, declared that poverty and ill-health were his excuse.
Line 4
He was a broken man.
/hiː wɑːz ə ˈbroʊkən mæn/
Line 5
Surmising his hidden life, Piers wondered at the pass a man can be brought to, in our society, by his primitive instincts; instincts which may lead, when they are impetuous, either to grimiest degradation or loftiest attainment.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

attainment noun US /əˈteɪnmənt/

the act of achieving an aim

From this reading “Surmising his hidden life, Piers wondered at the pass a man can be brought to, in our society, by his primitive instincts; instincts which may lead, when they are impetuous, either to grimiest degradation or loftiest attainment.”

Daniel noun US /ˈdænjəl/

(Old Testament) a youth who was taken into the court of Nebuchadnezzar and given divine protection when thrown into a den of lions (6th century BC)

From this reading “He came on disagreeable business--to see his brother Daniel, who had fallen into the hands of the police on an infamous charge, and only by the exertions of clever counsel (feed by Piers) received the benefit of a doubt and escaped punishment.”

degradation noun US /ˌdeɡrəˈdeɪʃən/

changing to a lower state (a less respected state)

From this reading “Surmising his hidden life, Piers wondered at the pass a man can be brought to, in our society, by his primitive instincts; instincts which may lead, when they are impetuous, either to grimiest degradation or loftiest attainment.”

exertions noun US /ɪɡˈzɜːrʃənz/

plural of “exertion” — use of physical or mental energy; hard work

From this reading “He came on disagreeable business--to see his brother Daniel, who had fallen into the hands of the police on an infamous charge, and only by the exertions of clever counsel (feed by Piers) received the benefit of a doubt and escaped punishment.”

impetuous adjective US /ˌɪmˈpetʃwəs/

characterized by undue haste and lack of thought or deliberation

From this reading “Surmising his hidden life, Piers wondered at the pass a man can be brought to, in our society, by his primitive instincts; instincts which may lead, when they are impetuous, either to grimiest degradation or loftiest attainment.”

infamous adjective US /ˈɪnfəməs/

known widely and usually unfavorably

From this reading “He came on disagreeable business--to see his brother Daniel, who had fallen into the hands of the police on an infamous charge, and only by the exertions of clever counsel (feed by Piers) received the benefit of a doubt and escaped punishment.”

Piers noun US /pɪrz/

plural of “pier” — a platform built out from the shore into the water and supported by piles; provides access to ships and boats

From this reading “He came on disagreeable business--to see his brother Daniel, who had fallen into the hands of the police on an infamous charge, and only by the exertions of clever counsel (feed by Piers) received the benefit of a doubt and escaped punishment.”

primitive adjective US /ˈprɪmətɪv/

belonging to an early stage of technical development; characterized by simplicity and (often) crudeness

From this reading “Surmising his hidden life, Piers wondered at the pass a man can be brought to, in our society, by his primitive instincts; instincts which may lead, when they are impetuous, either to grimiest degradation or loftiest attainment.”

All words in this reading · 90

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Once in the two years' interval he had paid a short visit to England.

alreadyadverbUS /ɔːlˈredi/

prior to a specified or implied time

From this reading Daniel had already written him several begging letters, and, when detected in what looked like crime, declared that poverty and ill-health were his excuse.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading He came on disagreeable business--to see his brother Daniel, who had fallen into the hands of the police on an infamous charge, and only by the exertions of clever counsel (feed by Piers) received the benefit of a doubt and escaped punishment.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading He came on disagreeable business--to see his brother Daniel, who had fallen into the hands of the police on an infamous charge, and only by the exertions of clever counsel (feed by Piers) received the benefit of a doubt and escaped punishment.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Surmising his hidden life, Piers wondered at the pass a man can be brought to, in our society, by his primitive instincts; instincts which may lead, when they are impetuous, either to grimiest degradation or loftiest attainment.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Surmising his hidden life, Piers wondered at the pass a man can be brought to, in our society, by his primitive instincts; instincts which may lead, when they are impetuous, either to grimiest degradation or loftiest attainment.

attainmentnounUS /əˈteɪnmənt/

the act of achieving an aim

From this reading Surmising his hidden life, Piers wondered at the pass a man can be brought to, in our society, by his primitive instincts; instincts which may lead, when they are impetuous, either to grimiest degradation or loftiest attainment.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Surmising his hidden life, Piers wondered at the pass a man can be brought to, in our society, by his primitive instincts; instincts which may lead, when they are impetuous, either to grimiest degradation or loftiest attainment.

beggingnounUS /ˈbeɡɪŋ/

a solicitation for money or food (especially in the street by an apparently penniless person)

From this reading Daniel had already written him several begging letters, and, when detected in what looked like crime, declared that poverty and ill-health were his excuse.

benefitnounUS /ˈbenəfɪt/

financial assistance in time of need

From this reading He came on disagreeable business--to see his brother Daniel, who had fallen into the hands of the police on an infamous charge, and only by the exertions of clever counsel (feed by Piers) received the benefit of a doubt and escaped punishment.

brokenadjectiveUS /ˈbroʊkən/

physically and forcibly separated into pieces or cracked or split

From this reading He was a broken man.

brothernounUS /ˈbrʌðər/

a male with the same parents as someone else

From this reading He came on disagreeable business--to see his brother Daniel, who had fallen into the hands of the police on an infamous charge, and only by the exertions of clever counsel (feed by Piers) received the benefit of a doubt and escaped punishment.

broughtverbUS /brɔːt/

inflected form of “bring” — take something or somebody with oneself somewhere

From this reading Surmising his hidden life, Piers wondered at the pass a man can be brought to, in our society, by his primitive instincts; instincts which may lead, when they are impetuous, either to grimiest degradation or loftiest attainment.

businessnounUS /ˈbɪznəs/

a commercial or industrial enterprise and the people who constitute it

From this reading He came on disagreeable business--to see his brother Daniel, who had fallen into the hands of the police on an infamous charge, and only by the exertions of clever counsel (feed by Piers) received the benefit of a doubt and escaped punishment.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading He came on disagreeable business--to see his brother Daniel, who had fallen into the hands of the police on an infamous charge, and only by the exertions of clever counsel (feed by Piers) received the benefit of a doubt and escaped punishment.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading He came on disagreeable business--to see his brother Daniel, who had fallen into the hands of the police on an infamous charge, and only by the exertions of clever counsel (feed by Piers) received the benefit of a doubt and escaped punishment.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading Surmising his hidden life, Piers wondered at the pass a man can be brought to, in our society, by his primitive instincts; instincts which may lead, when they are impetuous, either to grimiest degradation or loftiest attainment.

chargeverbUS /tʃɑːrdʒ/

to make a rush at or sudden attack upon, as in battle

From this reading He came on disagreeable business--to see his brother Daniel, who had fallen into the hands of the police on an infamous charge, and only by the exertions of clever counsel (feed by Piers) received the benefit of a doubt and escaped punishment.

cleveradjectiveUS /ˈklevər/

showing self-interest and shrewdness in dealing with others

From this reading He came on disagreeable business--to see his brother Daniel, who had fallen into the hands of the police on an infamous charge, and only by the exertions of clever counsel (feed by Piers) received the benefit of a doubt and escaped punishment.

counselnounUS /ˈkaʊnsəl/

a lawyer who pleads cases in court

From this reading He came on disagreeable business--to see his brother Daniel, who had fallen into the hands of the police on an infamous charge, and only by the exertions of clever counsel (feed by Piers) received the benefit of a doubt and escaped punishment.

crimenounUS /kraɪm/

(criminal law) an act punishable by law; usually considered an evil act

From this reading Daniel had already written him several begging letters, and, when detected in what looked like crime, declared that poverty and ill-health were his excuse.

DanielnounUS /ˈdænjəl/

(Old Testament) a youth who was taken into the court of Nebuchadnezzar and given divine protection when thrown into a den of lions (6th century BC)

From this reading He came on disagreeable business--to see his brother Daniel, who had fallen into the hands of the police on an infamous charge, and only by the exertions of clever counsel (feed by Piers) received the benefit of a doubt and escaped punishment.

declaredadjectiveUS /dɪˈklerd/

made known or openly avowed

From this reading Daniel had already written him several begging letters, and, when detected in what looked like crime, declared that poverty and ill-health were his excuse.

degradationnounUS /ˌdeɡrəˈdeɪʃən/

changing to a lower state (a less respected state)

From this reading Surmising his hidden life, Piers wondered at the pass a man can be brought to, in our society, by his primitive instincts; instincts which may lead, when they are impetuous, either to grimiest degradation or loftiest attainment.

detectedadjectiveUS /dɪˈtektəd/

perceived or discerned

From this reading Daniel had already written him several begging letters, and, when detected in what looked like crime, declared that poverty and ill-health were his excuse.

disagreeableadjectiveUS /ˌdɪsəˈɡriːəbəl/

not to your liking

From this reading He came on disagreeable business--to see his brother Daniel, who had fallen into the hands of the police on an infamous charge, and only by the exertions of clever counsel (feed by Piers) received the benefit of a doubt and escaped punishment.

doubtnounUS /daʊt/

the state of being unsure of something

From this reading He came on disagreeable business--to see his brother Daniel, who had fallen into the hands of the police on an infamous charge, and only by the exertions of clever counsel (feed by Piers) received the benefit of a doubt and escaped punishment.

eitherdeterminerUS /ˈiːðər/

one or the other of two

From this reading Surmising his hidden life, Piers wondered at the pass a man can be brought to, in our society, by his primitive instincts; instincts which may lead, when they are impetuous, either to grimiest degradation or loftiest attainment.

EnglandnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlənd/

a division of the United Kingdom

From this reading Once in the two years' interval he had paid a short visit to England.

escapedadjectiveUS /ɪˈskeɪpt/

having escaped, especially from confinement

From this reading He came on disagreeable business--to see his brother Daniel, who had fallen into the hands of the police on an infamous charge, and only by the exertions of clever counsel (feed by Piers) received the benefit of a doubt and escaped punishment.

excuseverbUS /ɪksˈkjuːs/

accept an excuse for

From this reading Daniel had already written him several begging letters, and, when detected in what looked like crime, declared that poverty and ill-health were his excuse.

exertionsnounUS /ɪɡˈzɜːrʃənz/

plural of “exertion” — use of physical or mental energy; hard work

From this reading He came on disagreeable business--to see his brother Daniel, who had fallen into the hands of the police on an infamous charge, and only by the exertions of clever counsel (feed by Piers) received the benefit of a doubt and escaped punishment.

fallenadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːlən/

having dropped by the force of gravity

From this reading He came on disagreeable business--to see his brother Daniel, who had fallen into the hands of the police on an infamous charge, and only by the exertions of clever counsel (feed by Piers) received the benefit of a doubt and escaped punishment.

feedverbUS /fiːd/

provide as food

From this reading He came on disagreeable business--to see his brother Daniel, who had fallen into the hands of the police on an infamous charge, and only by the exertions of clever counsel (feed by Piers) received the benefit of a doubt and escaped punishment.

grimiest

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Surmising his hidden life, Piers wondered at the pass a man can be brought to, in our society, by his primitive instincts; instincts which may lead, when they are impetuous, either to grimiest degradation or loftiest attainment.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Once in the two years' interval he had paid a short visit to England.

handsnounUS /hændz/

(with “in”) guardianship over; in divorce cases it is the right to house and care for and discipline a child

From this reading He came on disagreeable business--to see his brother Daniel, who had fallen into the hands of the police on an infamous charge, and only by the exertions of clever counsel (feed by Piers) received the benefit of a doubt and escaped punishment.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Once in the two years' interval he had paid a short visit to England.

hiddenadjectiveUS /ˈhɪdən/

not accessible to view

From this reading Surmising his hidden life, Piers wondered at the pass a man can be brought to, in our society, by his primitive instincts; instincts which may lead, when they are impetuous, either to grimiest degradation or loftiest attainment.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Daniel had already written him several begging letters, and, when detected in what looked like crime, declared that poverty and ill-health were his excuse.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading He came on disagreeable business--to see his brother Daniel, who had fallen into the hands of the police on an infamous charge, and only by the exertions of clever counsel (feed by Piers) received the benefit of a doubt and escaped punishment.

ill-health

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Daniel had already written him several begging letters, and, when detected in what looked like crime, declared that poverty and ill-health were his excuse.

impetuousadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpetʃwəs/

characterized by undue haste and lack of thought or deliberation

From this reading Surmising his hidden life, Piers wondered at the pass a man can be brought to, in our society, by his primitive instincts; instincts which may lead, when they are impetuous, either to grimiest degradation or loftiest attainment.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Once in the two years' interval he had paid a short visit to England.

infamousadjectiveUS /ˈɪnfəməs/

known widely and usually unfavorably

From this reading He came on disagreeable business--to see his brother Daniel, who had fallen into the hands of the police on an infamous charge, and only by the exertions of clever counsel (feed by Piers) received the benefit of a doubt and escaped punishment.

instinctsnounUS /ˈɪnstɪŋkts/

plural of “instinct” — inborn pattern of behavior often responsive to specific stimuli

From this reading Surmising his hidden life, Piers wondered at the pass a man can be brought to, in our society, by his primitive instincts; instincts which may lead, when they are impetuous, either to grimiest degradation or loftiest attainment.

intervalnounUS /ˈɪntərvəl/

a definite length of time marked off by two instants

From this reading Once in the two years' interval he had paid a short visit to England.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading He came on disagreeable business--to see his brother Daniel, who had fallen into the hands of the police on an infamous charge, and only by the exertions of clever counsel (feed by Piers) received the benefit of a doubt and escaped punishment.

leadverbUS /led/

take somebody somewhere

From this reading Surmising his hidden life, Piers wondered at the pass a man can be brought to, in our society, by his primitive instincts; instincts which may lead, when they are impetuous, either to grimiest degradation or loftiest attainment.

lettersnounUS /ˈletərz/

the literary culture

From this reading Daniel had already written him several begging letters, and, when detected in what looked like crime, declared that poverty and ill-health were his excuse.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading Surmising his hidden life, Piers wondered at the pass a man can be brought to, in our society, by his primitive instincts; instincts which may lead, when they are impetuous, either to grimiest degradation or loftiest attainment.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading Daniel had already written him several begging letters, and, when detected in what looked like crime, declared that poverty and ill-health were his excuse.

loftiest

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Surmising his hidden life, Piers wondered at the pass a man can be brought to, in our society, by his primitive instincts; instincts which may lead, when they are impetuous, either to grimiest degradation or loftiest attainment.

lookedverbUS /lʊkt/

past form of “look” — perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading Daniel had already written him several begging letters, and, when detected in what looked like crime, declared that poverty and ill-health were his excuse.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading He was a broken man.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading Surmising his hidden life, Piers wondered at the pass a man can be brought to, in our society, by his primitive instincts; instincts which may lead, when they are impetuous, either to grimiest degradation or loftiest attainment.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading He came on disagreeable business--to see his brother Daniel, who had fallen into the hands of the police on an infamous charge, and only by the exertions of clever counsel (feed by Piers) received the benefit of a doubt and escaped punishment.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading He came on disagreeable business--to see his brother Daniel, who had fallen into the hands of the police on an infamous charge, and only by the exertions of clever counsel (feed by Piers) received the benefit of a doubt and escaped punishment.

OnceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading Once in the two years' interval he had paid a short visit to England.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading He came on disagreeable business--to see his brother Daniel, who had fallen into the hands of the police on an infamous charge, and only by the exertions of clever counsel (feed by Piers) received the benefit of a doubt and escaped punishment.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Surmising his hidden life, Piers wondered at the pass a man can be brought to, in our society, by his primitive instincts; instincts which may lead, when they are impetuous, either to grimiest degradation or loftiest attainment.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading Surmising his hidden life, Piers wondered at the pass a man can be brought to, in our society, by his primitive instincts; instincts which may lead, when they are impetuous, either to grimiest degradation or loftiest attainment.

paidadjectiveUS /peɪd/

marked by the reception of pay

From this reading Once in the two years' interval he had paid a short visit to England.

passverbUS /pæs/

go across or through

From this reading Surmising his hidden life, Piers wondered at the pass a man can be brought to, in our society, by his primitive instincts; instincts which may lead, when they are impetuous, either to grimiest degradation or loftiest attainment.

PiersnounUS /pɪrz/

plural of “pier” — a platform built out from the shore into the water and supported by piles; provides access to ships and boats

From this reading He came on disagreeable business--to see his brother Daniel, who had fallen into the hands of the police on an infamous charge, and only by the exertions of clever counsel (feed by Piers) received the benefit of a doubt and escaped punishment.

policenounUS /pəˈliːs/

the force of policemen and officers

From this reading He came on disagreeable business--to see his brother Daniel, who had fallen into the hands of the police on an infamous charge, and only by the exertions of clever counsel (feed by Piers) received the benefit of a doubt and escaped punishment.

povertynounUS /ˈpɑːvərti/

the state of having little or no money and few or no material possessions

From this reading Daniel had already written him several begging letters, and, when detected in what looked like crime, declared that poverty and ill-health were his excuse.

primitiveadjectiveUS /ˈprɪmətɪv/

belonging to an early stage of technical development; characterized by simplicity and (often) crudeness

From this reading Surmising his hidden life, Piers wondered at the pass a man can be brought to, in our society, by his primitive instincts; instincts which may lead, when they are impetuous, either to grimiest degradation or loftiest attainment.

punishmentnounUS /ˈpʌnɪʃmənt/

the act of punishing

From this reading He came on disagreeable business--to see his brother Daniel, who had fallen into the hands of the police on an infamous charge, and only by the exertions of clever counsel (feed by Piers) received the benefit of a doubt and escaped punishment.

receivedadjectiveUS /rəˈsiːvd/

conforming to the established language usage of educated native speakers

From this reading He came on disagreeable business--to see his brother Daniel, who had fallen into the hands of the police on an infamous charge, and only by the exertions of clever counsel (feed by Piers) received the benefit of a doubt and escaped punishment.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading He came on disagreeable business--to see his brother Daniel, who had fallen into the hands of the police on an infamous charge, and only by the exertions of clever counsel (feed by Piers) received the benefit of a doubt and escaped punishment.

severaladjectiveUS /ˈsevrəl/

(used with count nouns) of an indefinite number more than 2 or 3 but not many

From this reading Daniel had already written him several begging letters, and, when detected in what looked like crime, declared that poverty and ill-health were his excuse.

shortadjectiveUS /ʃɔːrt/

primarily temporal sense; indicating or being or seeming to be limited in duration

From this reading Once in the two years' interval he had paid a short visit to England.

societynounUS /səˈsaɪəti/

an extended social group having a distinctive cultural and economic organization

From this reading Surmising his hidden life, Piers wondered at the pass a man can be brought to, in our society, by his primitive instincts; instincts which may lead, when they are impetuous, either to grimiest degradation or loftiest attainment.

Surmising

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Surmising his hidden life, Piers wondered at the pass a man can be brought to, in our society, by his primitive instincts; instincts which may lead, when they are impetuous, either to grimiest degradation or loftiest attainment.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Daniel had already written him several begging letters, and, when detected in what looked like crime, declared that poverty and ill-health were his excuse.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Once in the two years' interval he had paid a short visit to England.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Surmising his hidden life, Piers wondered at the pass a man can be brought to, in our society, by his primitive instincts; instincts which may lead, when they are impetuous, either to grimiest degradation or loftiest attainment.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Once in the two years' interval he had paid a short visit to England.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading Once in the two years' interval he had paid a short visit to England.

visitverbUS /ˈvɪzɪt/

go to see a place, as for entertainment

From this reading Once in the two years' interval he had paid a short visit to England.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading He was a broken man.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Daniel had already written him several begging letters, and, when detected in what looked like crime, declared that poverty and ill-health were his excuse.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading Daniel had already written him several begging letters, and, when detected in what looked like crime, declared that poverty and ill-health were his excuse.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Daniel had already written him several begging letters, and, when detected in what looked like crime, declared that poverty and ill-health were his excuse.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Surmising his hidden life, Piers wondered at the pass a man can be brought to, in our society, by his primitive instincts; instincts which may lead, when they are impetuous, either to grimiest degradation or loftiest attainment.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading He came on disagreeable business--to see his brother Daniel, who had fallen into the hands of the police on an infamous charge, and only by the exertions of clever counsel (feed by Piers) received the benefit of a doubt and escaped punishment.

wonderedverbUS /ˈwʌndərd/

past form of “wonder” — have a wish or desire to know something

From this reading Surmising his hidden life, Piers wondered at the pass a man can be brought to, in our society, by his primitive instincts; instincts which may lead, when they are impetuous, either to grimiest degradation or loftiest attainment.

writtenadjectiveUS /ˈrɪtən/

set down in writing in any of various ways

From this reading Daniel had already written him several begging letters, and, when detected in what looked like crime, declared that poverty and ill-health were his excuse.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading Once in the two years' interval he had paid a short visit to England.

Chapter 32 of The Crown of Life by George Gissing holds 295 sentences, grouped into 59 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 32 of The Crown of Life contain?

Chapter 32 holds 295 sentences of The Crown of Life, unabridged, divided into 59 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 32 of The Crown of Life by George Gissing exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 295 sentences, grouped into 59 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 32 of The Crown of Life?

Work through the 59 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 59 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 32 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 32 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Crown of Life

Common questions about reading The Crown of Life by George Gissing on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Crown of Life?

Yes. All 7937 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #4541 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Crown of Life is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #4541, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Crown of Life take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1588 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Crown of Life section by section

How to work through The Crown of Life section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 36 chapters of The Crown of Life to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Crown of Life

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Crown of Life, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Straying
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Crown of Life; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Kensington
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Crown of Life; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Gardens
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Crown of Life; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Pleasant
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Crown of Life; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.