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The Cruise of the Frolic
The Cruise of the Frolic

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of The Cruise of the Frolic is here in full — 425 sentences across 85 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/85 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Gold and Silver Streets are handsome streets; and there are some fine palaces, and the Opera House is a respectable edifice, and has, moreover, a very good opera; but, though improved of late years, we were told, in cleanliness, it is still a very dirty city, and the lower orders have a marked inferiority to those we saw at Oporto.
They are a darker, smaller race, with much Moorish blood in their veins, without any mixture of the nobler Gothic stream from which the inhabitants of the north have sprung.
They are the fellows who have gained for the Portuguese the character of being assassins and robbers, which certainly those in the north do not deserve.
However, a strong government, liberal institutions, and a street police have pretty well put a stop to such proceedings even there.
The best account I have ever read of Lisbon and its people, as they were before the French Revolution changed affairs not a little in most of the countries of Europe, is to be found in Beckford's "Visit to the Convents of Alcobaca and Batalha," and in his "Tour to Italy and Portugal."
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Cruise of the Frolic

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of The Cruise of the Frolic is here in full — 425 sentences across 85 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/85 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Gold and Silver Streets are handsome streets; and there are some fine palaces, and the Opera House is a respectable edifice, and has, moreover, a very good opera; but, though improved of late years, we were told, in cleanliness, it is still a very dirty city, and the lower orders have a marked inferiority to those we saw at Oporto.
Line 2
They are a darker, smaller race, with much Moorish blood in their veins, without any mixture of the nobler Gothic stream from which the inhabitants of the north have sprung.
/ðeɪ ɑːr ə ˈdɑːrkər ˈsmɔːlər reɪs wɪð mʌtʃ ˈmʊrɪʃ blʌd ɪn ðer veɪnz wɪˈθaʊt ˈeni ˈmɪkstʃər ʌv ðə ˈnoʊblər ˈɡɑːθɪk striːm frʌm wɪtʃ ðə ɪnˈhæbətənts ʌv ðə nɔːrθ hæv sprʌŋ/
Line 3
They are the fellows who have gained for the Portuguese the character of being assassins and robbers, which certainly those in the north do not deserve.
/ðeɪ ɑːr ðə ˈfeloʊz huː hæv ɡeɪnd fɔːr ðə ˈpɔːrtʃəɡiːz ðə ˈkerɪktər ʌv ˈbiːɪŋ əˈsæsənz ənd ˈrɒb.ərz wɪtʃ ˈsɜːrtənli ðoʊz ɪn ðə nɔːrθ duː nɑːt dɪˈzɜːrv/
Line 4
However, a strong government, liberal institutions, and a street police have pretty well put a stop to such proceedings even there.
/ˌhaʊˈevər ə strɔːŋ ˈɡʌvərmənt ˈlɪbɜːrəl ˌɪnstɪˈtuːʃənz ənd ə striːt pəˈliːs hæv ˈprɪti wel pʊt ə stɑːp tuː sʌtʃ proʊˈsiːdɪŋz ˈiːvɪn ðer/
Line 5
The best account I have ever read of Lisbon and its people, as they were before the French Revolution changed affairs not a little in most of the countries of Europe, is to be found in Beckford's "Visit to the Convents of Alcobaca and Batalha," and in his "Tour to Italy and Portugal."

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

assassins noun US /əˈsæsənz/

plural of “assassin” — a murderer (especially one who kills a prominent political figure) who kills by a surprise attack and often is hired to do the deed

From this reading “They are the fellows who have gained for the Portuguese the character of being assassins and robbers, which certainly those in the north do not deserve.”

cleanliness noun US /ˈklenlinɪs/

the habit of keeping free of superficial imperfections

From this reading “Gold and Silver Streets are handsome streets; and there are some fine palaces, and the Opera House is a respectable edifice, and has, moreover, a very good opera; but, though improved of late years, we were told, in cleanliness, it is still a very dirty city, and the lower orders have a marked inferiority to those we saw at Oporto.”

Convents noun US /ˈkɑːnvənts/

plural of “convent” — a religious residence especially for nuns

From this reading “The best account I have ever read of Lisbon and its people, as they were before the French Revolution changed affairs not a little in most of the countries of Europe, is to be found in Beckford's "Visit to the Convents of Alcobaca and Batalha," and in his "Tour to Italy and Portugal."”

edifice noun US /ˈedəfəs/

a structure that has a roof and walls and stands more or less permanently in one place

From this reading “Gold and Silver Streets are handsome streets; and there are some fine palaces, and the Opera House is a respectable edifice, and has, moreover, a very good opera; but, though improved of late years, we were told, in cleanliness, it is still a very dirty city, and the lower orders have a marked inferiority to those we saw at Oporto.”

inferiority noun US /ˌɪnfɪriˈɔːrɪtiː/

the state of being inferior

From this reading “Gold and Silver Streets are handsome streets; and there are some fine palaces, and the Opera House is a respectable edifice, and has, moreover, a very good opera; but, though improved of late years, we were told, in cleanliness, it is still a very dirty city, and the lower orders have a marked inferiority to those we saw at Oporto.”

Lisbon noun US /ˈlɪzbən/

capital and largest city and economic and cultural center of Portugal; a major port in western Portugal on Tagus River where it broadens and empties into the Atlantic

From this reading “The best account I have ever read of Lisbon and its people, as they were before the French Revolution changed affairs not a little in most of the countries of Europe, is to be found in Beckford's "Visit to the Convents of Alcobaca and Batalha," and in his "Tour to Italy and Portugal."”

Moorish noun US /ˈmʊrɪʃ/

a style of architecture common in Spain from the 13th to 16th centuries; characterized by horseshoe-shaped arches

From this reading “They are a darker, smaller race, with much Moorish blood in their veins, without any mixture of the nobler Gothic stream from which the inhabitants of the north have sprung.”

Portugal noun US /ˈpɔːrtʃəɡəl/

a republic in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula; Portuguese explorers and colonists in the 15th and 16th centuries created a vast overseas empire (including Brazil)

From this reading “The best account I have ever read of Lisbon and its people, as they were before the French Revolution changed affairs not a little in most of the countries of Europe, is to be found in Beckford's "Visit to the Convents of Alcobaca and Batalha," and in his "Tour to Italy and Portugal."”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

lower orders verb + noun counted as “lower order”

In this reading “Gold and Silver Streets are handsome streets; and there are some fine palaces, and the Opera House is a respectable edifice, and has, moreover, a very good opera; but, though improved of late years, we were told, in cleanliness, it is still a very dirty city, and the lower orders have a marked inferiority to those we saw at Oporto.”

late years adjective + noun

In this reading “Gold and Silver Streets are handsome streets; and there are some fine palaces, and the Opera House is a respectable edifice, and has, moreover, a very good opera; but, though improved of late years, we were told, in cleanliness, it is still a very dirty city, and the lower orders have a marked inferiority to those we saw at Oporto.”

All words in this reading · 123

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Gold and Silver Streets are handsome streets; and there are some fine palaces, and the Opera House is a respectable edifice, and has, moreover, a very good opera; but, though improved of late years, we were told, in cleanliness, it is still a very dirty city, and the lower orders have a marked inferiority to those we saw at Oporto.

accountnounUS /əˈkaʊnt/

a record or narrative description of past events

From this reading The best account I have ever read of Lisbon and its people, as they were before the French Revolution changed affairs not a little in most of the countries of Europe, is to be found in Beckford's "Visit to the Convents of Alcobaca and Batalha," and in his "Tour to Italy and Portugal."

affairsnounUS /əˈferz/

matters of personal concern

From this reading The best account I have ever read of Lisbon and its people, as they were before the French Revolution changed affairs not a little in most of the countries of Europe, is to be found in Beckford's "Visit to the Convents of Alcobaca and Batalha," and in his "Tour to Italy and Portugal."

Alcobaca

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The best account I have ever read of Lisbon and its people, as they were before the French Revolution changed affairs not a little in most of the countries of Europe, is to be found in Beckford's "Visit to the Convents of Alcobaca and Batalha," and in his "Tour to Italy and Portugal."

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Gold and Silver Streets are handsome streets; and there are some fine palaces, and the Opera House is a respectable edifice, and has, moreover, a very good opera; but, though improved of late years, we were told, in cleanliness, it is still a very dirty city, and the lower orders have a marked inferiority to those we saw at Oporto.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading They are a darker, smaller race, with much Moorish blood in their veins, without any mixture of the nobler Gothic stream from which the inhabitants of the north have sprung.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Gold and Silver Streets are handsome streets; and there are some fine palaces, and the Opera House is a respectable edifice, and has, moreover, a very good opera; but, though improved of late years, we were told, in cleanliness, it is still a very dirty city, and the lower orders have a marked inferiority to those we saw at Oporto.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The best account I have ever read of Lisbon and its people, as they were before the French Revolution changed affairs not a little in most of the countries of Europe, is to be found in Beckford's "Visit to the Convents of Alcobaca and Batalha," and in his "Tour to Italy and Portugal."

assassinsnounUS /əˈsæsənz/

plural of “assassin” — a murderer (especially one who kills a prominent political figure) who kills by a surprise attack and often is hired to do the deed

From this reading They are the fellows who have gained for the Portuguese the character of being assassins and robbers, which certainly those in the north do not deserve.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Gold and Silver Streets are handsome streets; and there are some fine palaces, and the Opera House is a respectable edifice, and has, moreover, a very good opera; but, though improved of late years, we were told, in cleanliness, it is still a very dirty city, and the lower orders have a marked inferiority to those we saw at Oporto.

Batalha

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The best account I have ever read of Lisbon and its people, as they were before the French Revolution changed affairs not a little in most of the countries of Europe, is to be found in Beckford's "Visit to the Convents of Alcobaca and Batalha," and in his "Tour to Italy and Portugal."

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading The best account I have ever read of Lisbon and its people, as they were before the French Revolution changed affairs not a little in most of the countries of Europe, is to be found in Beckford's "Visit to the Convents of Alcobaca and Batalha," and in his "Tour to Italy and Portugal."

Beckford's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The best account I have ever read of Lisbon and its people, as they were before the French Revolution changed affairs not a little in most of the countries of Europe, is to be found in Beckford's "Visit to the Convents of Alcobaca and Batalha," and in his "Tour to Italy and Portugal."

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading The best account I have ever read of Lisbon and its people, as they were before the French Revolution changed affairs not a little in most of the countries of Europe, is to be found in Beckford's "Visit to the Convents of Alcobaca and Batalha," and in his "Tour to Italy and Portugal."

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading They are the fellows who have gained for the Portuguese the character of being assassins and robbers, which certainly those in the north do not deserve.

bestnounUS /best/

the supreme effort one can make

From this reading The best account I have ever read of Lisbon and its people, as they were before the French Revolution changed affairs not a little in most of the countries of Europe, is to be found in Beckford's "Visit to the Convents of Alcobaca and Batalha," and in his "Tour to Italy and Portugal."

bloodnounUS /blʌd/

The red fluid that circulates in the heart and blood vessels.

From this reading They are a darker, smaller race, with much Moorish blood in their veins, without any mixture of the nobler Gothic stream from which the inhabitants of the north have sprung.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Gold and Silver Streets are handsome streets; and there are some fine palaces, and the Opera House is a respectable edifice, and has, moreover, a very good opera; but, though improved of late years, we were told, in cleanliness, it is still a very dirty city, and the lower orders have a marked inferiority to those we saw at Oporto.

certainlyadverbUS /ˈsɜːrtənli/

definitely or positively (“sure” is sometimes used informally for “surely”)

From this reading They are the fellows who have gained for the Portuguese the character of being assassins and robbers, which certainly those in the north do not deserve.

changedadjectiveUS /tʃeɪndʒd/

made or become different in nature or form

From this reading The best account I have ever read of Lisbon and its people, as they were before the French Revolution changed affairs not a little in most of the countries of Europe, is to be found in Beckford's "Visit to the Convents of Alcobaca and Batalha," and in his "Tour to Italy and Portugal."

characternounUS /ˈkerɪktər/

an imaginary person represented in a work of fiction (play or film or story)

From this reading They are the fellows who have gained for the Portuguese the character of being assassins and robbers, which certainly those in the north do not deserve.

citynounUS /ˈsɪti/

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading Gold and Silver Streets are handsome streets; and there are some fine palaces, and the Opera House is a respectable edifice, and has, moreover, a very good opera; but, though improved of late years, we were told, in cleanliness, it is still a very dirty city, and the lower orders have a marked inferiority to those we saw at Oporto.

cleanlinessnounUS /ˈklenlinɪs/

the habit of keeping free of superficial imperfections

From this reading Gold and Silver Streets are handsome streets; and there are some fine palaces, and the Opera House is a respectable edifice, and has, moreover, a very good opera; but, though improved of late years, we were told, in cleanliness, it is still a very dirty city, and the lower orders have a marked inferiority to those we saw at Oporto.

ConventsnounUS /ˈkɑːnvənts/

plural of “convent” — a religious residence especially for nuns

From this reading The best account I have ever read of Lisbon and its people, as they were before the French Revolution changed affairs not a little in most of the countries of Europe, is to be found in Beckford's "Visit to the Convents of Alcobaca and Batalha," and in his "Tour to Italy and Portugal."

countriesnounUS /ˈkʌntriz/

plural of “country” — a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading The best account I have ever read of Lisbon and its people, as they were before the French Revolution changed affairs not a little in most of the countries of Europe, is to be found in Beckford's "Visit to the Convents of Alcobaca and Batalha," and in his "Tour to Italy and Portugal."

darkeradjectiveUS /ˈdɑːrkər/

comparative of “dark” — devoid of or deficient in light or brightness; shadowed or black

From this reading They are a darker, smaller race, with much Moorish blood in their veins, without any mixture of the nobler Gothic stream from which the inhabitants of the north have sprung.

deserveverbUS /dɪˈzɜːrv/

be worthy or deserving

From this reading They are the fellows who have gained for the Portuguese the character of being assassins and robbers, which certainly those in the north do not deserve.

dirtyadjectiveUS /ˈdɜːrti/

soiled or likely to soil with dirt or grime

From this reading Gold and Silver Streets are handsome streets; and there are some fine palaces, and the Opera House is a respectable edifice, and has, moreover, a very good opera; but, though improved of late years, we were told, in cleanliness, it is still a very dirty city, and the lower orders have a marked inferiority to those we saw at Oporto.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading They are the fellows who have gained for the Portuguese the character of being assassins and robbers, which certainly those in the north do not deserve.

edificenounUS /ˈedəfəs/

a structure that has a roof and walls and stands more or less permanently in one place

From this reading Gold and Silver Streets are handsome streets; and there are some fine palaces, and the Opera House is a respectable edifice, and has, moreover, a very good opera; but, though improved of late years, we were told, in cleanliness, it is still a very dirty city, and the lower orders have a marked inferiority to those we saw at Oporto.

EuropenounUS /ˈjʊrəp/

the 2nd smallest continent (actually a vast peninsula of Eurasia); the British use “Europe” to refer to all of the continent except the British Isles

From this reading The best account I have ever read of Lisbon and its people, as they were before the French Revolution changed affairs not a little in most of the countries of Europe, is to be found in Beckford's "Visit to the Convents of Alcobaca and Batalha," and in his "Tour to Italy and Portugal."

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading However, a strong government, liberal institutions, and a street police have pretty well put a stop to such proceedings even there.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading The best account I have ever read of Lisbon and its people, as they were before the French Revolution changed affairs not a little in most of the countries of Europe, is to be found in Beckford's "Visit to the Convents of Alcobaca and Batalha," and in his "Tour to Italy and Portugal."

fellowsnounUS /ˈfeloʊz/

plural of “fellow” — a boy or man

From this reading They are the fellows who have gained for the Portuguese the character of being assassins and robbers, which certainly those in the north do not deserve.

fineadjectiveUS /faɪn/

being satisfactory or in satisfactory condition

From this reading Gold and Silver Streets are handsome streets; and there are some fine palaces, and the Opera House is a respectable edifice, and has, moreover, a very good opera; but, though improved of late years, we were told, in cleanliness, it is still a very dirty city, and the lower orders have a marked inferiority to those we saw at Oporto.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading They are the fellows who have gained for the Portuguese the character of being assassins and robbers, which certainly those in the north do not deserve.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading The best account I have ever read of Lisbon and its people, as they were before the French Revolution changed affairs not a little in most of the countries of Europe, is to be found in Beckford's "Visit to the Convents of Alcobaca and Batalha," and in his "Tour to Italy and Portugal."

FrenchnounUS /frentʃ/

the Romance language spoken in France and in countries colonized by France

From this reading The best account I have ever read of Lisbon and its people, as they were before the French Revolution changed affairs not a little in most of the countries of Europe, is to be found in Beckford's "Visit to the Convents of Alcobaca and Batalha," and in his "Tour to Italy and Portugal."

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading They are a darker, smaller race, with much Moorish blood in their veins, without any mixture of the nobler Gothic stream from which the inhabitants of the north have sprung.

gainedverbUS /ɡeɪnd/

past form of “gain” — obtain

From this reading They are the fellows who have gained for the Portuguese the character of being assassins and robbers, which certainly those in the north do not deserve.

GoldnounUS /ɡoʊld/

coins made of gold

From this reading Gold and Silver Streets are handsome streets; and there are some fine palaces, and the Opera House is a respectable edifice, and has, moreover, a very good opera; but, though improved of late years, we were told, in cleanliness, it is still a very dirty city, and the lower orders have a marked inferiority to those we saw at Oporto.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading Gold and Silver Streets are handsome streets; and there are some fine palaces, and the Opera House is a respectable edifice, and has, moreover, a very good opera; but, though improved of late years, we were told, in cleanliness, it is still a very dirty city, and the lower orders have a marked inferiority to those we saw at Oporto.

GothicadjectiveUS /ˈɡɑːθɪk/

characteristic of the style of type commonly used for printing German

From this reading They are a darker, smaller race, with much Moorish blood in their veins, without any mixture of the nobler Gothic stream from which the inhabitants of the north have sprung.

governmentnounUS /ˈɡʌvərmənt/

the organization that is the governing authority of a political unit

From this reading However, a strong government, liberal institutions, and a street police have pretty well put a stop to such proceedings even there.

handsomeadjectiveUS /ˈhænsəm/

pleasing in appearance especially by reason of conformity to ideals of form and proportion

From this reading Gold and Silver Streets are handsome streets; and there are some fine palaces, and the Opera House is a respectable edifice, and has, moreover, a very good opera; but, though improved of late years, we were told, in cleanliness, it is still a very dirty city, and the lower orders have a marked inferiority to those we saw at Oporto.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Gold and Silver Streets are handsome streets; and there are some fine palaces, and the Opera House is a respectable edifice, and has, moreover, a very good opera; but, though improved of late years, we were told, in cleanliness, it is still a very dirty city, and the lower orders have a marked inferiority to those we saw at Oporto.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Gold and Silver Streets are handsome streets; and there are some fine palaces, and the Opera House is a respectable edifice, and has, moreover, a very good opera; but, though improved of late years, we were told, in cleanliness, it is still a very dirty city, and the lower orders have a marked inferiority to those we saw at Oporto.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading The best account I have ever read of Lisbon and its people, as they were before the French Revolution changed affairs not a little in most of the countries of Europe, is to be found in Beckford's "Visit to the Convents of Alcobaca and Batalha," and in his "Tour to Italy and Portugal."

HousenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading Gold and Silver Streets are handsome streets; and there are some fine palaces, and the Opera House is a respectable edifice, and has, moreover, a very good opera; but, though improved of late years, we were told, in cleanliness, it is still a very dirty city, and the lower orders have a marked inferiority to those we saw at Oporto.

HoweveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading However, a strong government, liberal institutions, and a street police have pretty well put a stop to such proceedings even there.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading The best account I have ever read of Lisbon and its people, as they were before the French Revolution changed affairs not a little in most of the countries of Europe, is to be found in Beckford's "Visit to the Convents of Alcobaca and Batalha," and in his "Tour to Italy and Portugal."

improvedadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpruːvd/

made more desirable or valuable or profitable; especially made ready for use or marketing

From this reading Gold and Silver Streets are handsome streets; and there are some fine palaces, and the Opera House is a respectable edifice, and has, moreover, a very good opera; but, though improved of late years, we were told, in cleanliness, it is still a very dirty city, and the lower orders have a marked inferiority to those we saw at Oporto.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Gold and Silver Streets are handsome streets; and there are some fine palaces, and the Opera House is a respectable edifice, and has, moreover, a very good opera; but, though improved of late years, we were told, in cleanliness, it is still a very dirty city, and the lower orders have a marked inferiority to those we saw at Oporto.

inferioritynounUS /ˌɪnfɪriˈɔːrɪtiː/

the state of being inferior

From this reading Gold and Silver Streets are handsome streets; and there are some fine palaces, and the Opera House is a respectable edifice, and has, moreover, a very good opera; but, though improved of late years, we were told, in cleanliness, it is still a very dirty city, and the lower orders have a marked inferiority to those we saw at Oporto.

inhabitantsnounUS /ɪnˈhæbətənts/

plural of “inhabitant” — a person who inhabits a particular place

From this reading They are a darker, smaller race, with much Moorish blood in their veins, without any mixture of the nobler Gothic stream from which the inhabitants of the north have sprung.

institutionsnounUS /ˌɪnstɪˈtuːʃənz/

plural of “institution” — an organization founded and united for a specific purpose

From this reading However, a strong government, liberal institutions, and a street police have pretty well put a stop to such proceedings even there.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Gold and Silver Streets are handsome streets; and there are some fine palaces, and the Opera House is a respectable edifice, and has, moreover, a very good opera; but, though improved of late years, we were told, in cleanliness, it is still a very dirty city, and the lower orders have a marked inferiority to those we saw at Oporto.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Gold and Silver Streets are handsome streets; and there are some fine palaces, and the Opera House is a respectable edifice, and has, moreover, a very good opera; but, though improved of late years, we were told, in cleanliness, it is still a very dirty city, and the lower orders have a marked inferiority to those we saw at Oporto.

ItalynounUS /ˈɪtəli/

a republic in southern Europe on the Italian Peninsula; was the core of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire between the 4th century BC and the 5th century AD

From this reading The best account I have ever read of Lisbon and its people, as they were before the French Revolution changed affairs not a little in most of the countries of Europe, is to be found in Beckford's "Visit to the Convents of Alcobaca and Batalha," and in his "Tour to Italy and Portugal."

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading The best account I have ever read of Lisbon and its people, as they were before the French Revolution changed affairs not a little in most of the countries of Europe, is to be found in Beckford's "Visit to the Convents of Alcobaca and Batalha," and in his "Tour to Italy and Portugal."

lateadjectiveUS /leɪt/

being or occurring at an advanced period of time or after a usual or expected time

From this reading Gold and Silver Streets are handsome streets; and there are some fine palaces, and the Opera House is a respectable edifice, and has, moreover, a very good opera; but, though improved of late years, we were told, in cleanliness, it is still a very dirty city, and the lower orders have a marked inferiority to those we saw at Oporto.

liberaladjectiveUS /ˈlɪbɜːrəl/

showing or characterized by broad-mindedness

From this reading However, a strong government, liberal institutions, and a street police have pretty well put a stop to such proceedings even there.

LisbonnounUS /ˈlɪzbən/

capital and largest city and economic and cultural center of Portugal; a major port in western Portugal on Tagus River where it broadens and empties into the Atlantic

From this reading The best account I have ever read of Lisbon and its people, as they were before the French Revolution changed affairs not a little in most of the countries of Europe, is to be found in Beckford's "Visit to the Convents of Alcobaca and Batalha," and in his "Tour to Italy and Portugal."

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading The best account I have ever read of Lisbon and its people, as they were before the French Revolution changed affairs not a little in most of the countries of Europe, is to be found in Beckford's "Visit to the Convents of Alcobaca and Batalha," and in his "Tour to Italy and Portugal."

lowerverbUS /ˈloʊər/

move something or somebody to a lower position

From this reading Gold and Silver Streets are handsome streets; and there are some fine palaces, and the Opera House is a respectable edifice, and has, moreover, a very good opera; but, though improved of late years, we were told, in cleanliness, it is still a very dirty city, and the lower orders have a marked inferiority to those we saw at Oporto.

markedadjectiveUS /mɑːrkt/

strongly marked; easily noticeable

From this reading Gold and Silver Streets are handsome streets; and there are some fine palaces, and the Opera House is a respectable edifice, and has, moreover, a very good opera; but, though improved of late years, we were told, in cleanliness, it is still a very dirty city, and the lower orders have a marked inferiority to those we saw at Oporto.

mixturenounUS /ˈmɪkstʃər/

(chemistry) a substance consisting of two or more substances mixed together (not in fixed proportions and not with chemical bonding)

From this reading They are a darker, smaller race, with much Moorish blood in their veins, without any mixture of the nobler Gothic stream from which the inhabitants of the north have sprung.

MoorishnounUS /ˈmʊrɪʃ/

a style of architecture common in Spain from the 13th to 16th centuries; characterized by horseshoe-shaped arches

From this reading They are a darker, smaller race, with much Moorish blood in their veins, without any mixture of the nobler Gothic stream from which the inhabitants of the north have sprung.

moreoveradverbUS /mɔːˈroʊvər/

in addition to what has just been said

From this reading Gold and Silver Streets are handsome streets; and there are some fine palaces, and the Opera House is a respectable edifice, and has, moreover, a very good opera; but, though improved of late years, we were told, in cleanliness, it is still a very dirty city, and the lower orders have a marked inferiority to those we saw at Oporto.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading The best account I have ever read of Lisbon and its people, as they were before the French Revolution changed affairs not a little in most of the countries of Europe, is to be found in Beckford's "Visit to the Convents of Alcobaca and Batalha," and in his "Tour to Italy and Portugal."

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading They are a darker, smaller race, with much Moorish blood in their veins, without any mixture of the nobler Gothic stream from which the inhabitants of the north have sprung.

nobleradjectiveUS /ˈnoʊblər/

comparative of “noble” — impressive in appearance

From this reading They are a darker, smaller race, with much Moorish blood in their veins, without any mixture of the nobler Gothic stream from which the inhabitants of the north have sprung.

northnounUS /nɔːrθ/

the region of the United States lying to the north of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading They are a darker, smaller race, with much Moorish blood in their veins, without any mixture of the nobler Gothic stream from which the inhabitants of the north have sprung.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading They are the fellows who have gained for the Portuguese the character of being assassins and robbers, which certainly those in the north do not deserve.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Gold and Silver Streets are handsome streets; and there are some fine palaces, and the Opera House is a respectable edifice, and has, moreover, a very good opera; but, though improved of late years, we were told, in cleanliness, it is still a very dirty city, and the lower orders have a marked inferiority to those we saw at Oporto.

OperanounUS /ˈɑːprə/

a drama set to music; consists of singing with orchestral accompaniment and an orchestral overture and interludes

From this reading Gold and Silver Streets are handsome streets; and there are some fine palaces, and the Opera House is a respectable edifice, and has, moreover, a very good opera; but, though improved of late years, we were told, in cleanliness, it is still a very dirty city, and the lower orders have a marked inferiority to those we saw at Oporto.

Oportonoun

port city in northwest Portugal; noted for port wine

From this reading Gold and Silver Streets are handsome streets; and there are some fine palaces, and the Opera House is a respectable edifice, and has, moreover, a very good opera; but, though improved of late years, we were told, in cleanliness, it is still a very dirty city, and the lower orders have a marked inferiority to those we saw at Oporto.

ordersnounUS /ˈɔːrdərz/

plural of “order” — (often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed

From this reading Gold and Silver Streets are handsome streets; and there are some fine palaces, and the Opera House is a respectable edifice, and has, moreover, a very good opera; but, though improved of late years, we were told, in cleanliness, it is still a very dirty city, and the lower orders have a marked inferiority to those we saw at Oporto.

palacesnounUS /ˈpæləsəz/

plural of “palace” — a large and stately mansion

From this reading Gold and Silver Streets are handsome streets; and there are some fine palaces, and the Opera House is a respectable edifice, and has, moreover, a very good opera; but, though improved of late years, we were told, in cleanliness, it is still a very dirty city, and the lower orders have a marked inferiority to those we saw at Oporto.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading The best account I have ever read of Lisbon and its people, as they were before the French Revolution changed affairs not a little in most of the countries of Europe, is to be found in Beckford's "Visit to the Convents of Alcobaca and Batalha," and in his "Tour to Italy and Portugal."

policenounUS /pəˈliːs/

the force of policemen and officers

From this reading However, a strong government, liberal institutions, and a street police have pretty well put a stop to such proceedings even there.

PortugalnounUS /ˈpɔːrtʃəɡəl/

a republic in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula; Portuguese explorers and colonists in the 15th and 16th centuries created a vast overseas empire (including Brazil)

From this reading The best account I have ever read of Lisbon and its people, as they were before the French Revolution changed affairs not a little in most of the countries of Europe, is to be found in Beckford's "Visit to the Convents of Alcobaca and Batalha," and in his "Tour to Italy and Portugal."

PortuguesenounUS /ˈpɔːrtʃəɡiːz/

the Romance language spoken in Portugal and Brazil

From this reading They are the fellows who have gained for the Portuguese the character of being assassins and robbers, which certainly those in the north do not deserve.

prettyadjectiveUS /ˈprɪti/

pleasing by delicacy or grace; not imposing

From this reading However, a strong government, liberal institutions, and a street police have pretty well put a stop to such proceedings even there.

proceedingsnounUS /proʊˈsiːdɪŋz/

(law) the institution of a sequence of steps by which legal judgments are invoked

From this reading However, a strong government, liberal institutions, and a street police have pretty well put a stop to such proceedings even there.

putverbUS /pʊt/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading However, a strong government, liberal institutions, and a street police have pretty well put a stop to such proceedings even there.

racenounUS /reɪs/

any competition

From this reading They are a darker, smaller race, with much Moorish blood in their veins, without any mixture of the nobler Gothic stream from which the inhabitants of the north have sprung.

readverbUS /red/

interpret something that is written or printed

From this reading The best account I have ever read of Lisbon and its people, as they were before the French Revolution changed affairs not a little in most of the countries of Europe, is to be found in Beckford's "Visit to the Convents of Alcobaca and Batalha," and in his "Tour to Italy and Portugal."

respectableadjectiveUS /rɪˈspektəbəl/

characterized by socially or conventionally acceptable morals

From this reading Gold and Silver Streets are handsome streets; and there are some fine palaces, and the Opera House is a respectable edifice, and has, moreover, a very good opera; but, though improved of late years, we were told, in cleanliness, it is still a very dirty city, and the lower orders have a marked inferiority to those we saw at Oporto.

RevolutionnounUS /ˌrevəˈluːʃən/

a drastic and far-reaching change in ways of thinking and behaving

From this reading The best account I have ever read of Lisbon and its people, as they were before the French Revolution changed affairs not a little in most of the countries of Europe, is to be found in Beckford's "Visit to the Convents of Alcobaca and Batalha," and in his "Tour to Italy and Portugal."

robbersnounUS /ˈrɒb.ərz/

Persons who steal from a person or place, especially using violence or threats.

From this reading They are the fellows who have gained for the Portuguese the character of being assassins and robbers, which certainly those in the north do not deserve.

sawverbUS /sɔː/

cut with a saw

From this reading Gold and Silver Streets are handsome streets; and there are some fine palaces, and the Opera House is a respectable edifice, and has, moreover, a very good opera; but, though improved of late years, we were told, in cleanliness, it is still a very dirty city, and the lower orders have a marked inferiority to those we saw at Oporto.

SilvernounUS /ˈsɪlvər/

a soft white precious univalent metallic element having the highest electrical and thermal conductivity of any metal; occurs in argentite and in free form; used in coins and jewelry and tableware and photography

From this reading Gold and Silver Streets are handsome streets; and there are some fine palaces, and the Opera House is a respectable edifice, and has, moreover, a very good opera; but, though improved of late years, we were told, in cleanliness, it is still a very dirty city, and the lower orders have a marked inferiority to those we saw at Oporto.

smalleradjectiveUS /ˈsmɔːlər/

small or little relative to something else

From this reading They are a darker, smaller race, with much Moorish blood in their veins, without any mixture of the nobler Gothic stream from which the inhabitants of the north have sprung.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Gold and Silver Streets are handsome streets; and there are some fine palaces, and the Opera House is a respectable edifice, and has, moreover, a very good opera; but, though improved of late years, we were told, in cleanliness, it is still a very dirty city, and the lower orders have a marked inferiority to those we saw at Oporto.

sprungverbUS /sprʌŋ/

inflected form of “spring” — move forward by leaps and bounds

From this reading They are a darker, smaller race, with much Moorish blood in their veins, without any mixture of the nobler Gothic stream from which the inhabitants of the north have sprung.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading Gold and Silver Streets are handsome streets; and there are some fine palaces, and the Opera House is a respectable edifice, and has, moreover, a very good opera; but, though improved of late years, we were told, in cleanliness, it is still a very dirty city, and the lower orders have a marked inferiority to those we saw at Oporto.

stopverbUS /stɑːp/

come to a halt, stop moving

From this reading However, a strong government, liberal institutions, and a street police have pretty well put a stop to such proceedings even there.

streamnounUS /striːm/

a natural body of running water flowing on or under the earth

From this reading They are a darker, smaller race, with much Moorish blood in their veins, without any mixture of the nobler Gothic stream from which the inhabitants of the north have sprung.

streetnounUS /striːt/

a thoroughfare (usually including sidewalks) that is lined with buildings

From this reading However, a strong government, liberal institutions, and a street police have pretty well put a stop to such proceedings even there.

StreetsnounUS /striːts/

plural of “street” — a thoroughfare (usually including sidewalks) that is lined with buildings

From this reading Gold and Silver Streets are handsome streets; and there are some fine palaces, and the Opera House is a respectable edifice, and has, moreover, a very good opera; but, though improved of late years, we were told, in cleanliness, it is still a very dirty city, and the lower orders have a marked inferiority to those we saw at Oporto.

strongadjectiveUS /strɔːŋ/

having strength or power greater than average or expected

From this reading However, a strong government, liberal institutions, and a street police have pretty well put a stop to such proceedings even there.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading However, a strong government, liberal institutions, and a street police have pretty well put a stop to such proceedings even there.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Gold and Silver Streets are handsome streets; and there are some fine palaces, and the Opera House is a respectable edifice, and has, moreover, a very good opera; but, though improved of late years, we were told, in cleanliness, it is still a very dirty city, and the lower orders have a marked inferiority to those we saw at Oporto.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading They are a darker, smaller race, with much Moorish blood in their veins, without any mixture of the nobler Gothic stream from which the inhabitants of the north have sprung.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading Gold and Silver Streets are handsome streets; and there are some fine palaces, and the Opera House is a respectable edifice, and has, moreover, a very good opera; but, though improved of late years, we were told, in cleanliness, it is still a very dirty city, and the lower orders have a marked inferiority to those we saw at Oporto.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They are a darker, smaller race, with much Moorish blood in their veins, without any mixture of the nobler Gothic stream from which the inhabitants of the north have sprung.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading Gold and Silver Streets are handsome streets; and there are some fine palaces, and the Opera House is a respectable edifice, and has, moreover, a very good opera; but, though improved of late years, we were told, in cleanliness, it is still a very dirty city, and the lower orders have a marked inferiority to those we saw at Oporto.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading Gold and Silver Streets are handsome streets; and there are some fine palaces, and the Opera House is a respectable edifice, and has, moreover, a very good opera; but, though improved of late years, we were told, in cleanliness, it is still a very dirty city, and the lower orders have a marked inferiority to those we saw at Oporto.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Gold and Silver Streets are handsome streets; and there are some fine palaces, and the Opera House is a respectable edifice, and has, moreover, a very good opera; but, though improved of late years, we were told, in cleanliness, it is still a very dirty city, and the lower orders have a marked inferiority to those we saw at Oporto.

toldverbUS /toʊld/

inflected form of “tell” — express in words

From this reading Gold and Silver Streets are handsome streets; and there are some fine palaces, and the Opera House is a respectable edifice, and has, moreover, a very good opera; but, though improved of late years, we were told, in cleanliness, it is still a very dirty city, and the lower orders have a marked inferiority to those we saw at Oporto.

TournounUS /tʊr/

a journey or route all the way around a particular place or area

From this reading The best account I have ever read of Lisbon and its people, as they were before the French Revolution changed affairs not a little in most of the countries of Europe, is to be found in Beckford's "Visit to the Convents of Alcobaca and Batalha," and in his "Tour to Italy and Portugal."

veinsnounUS /veɪnz/

plural of “vein” — a blood vessel that carries blood from the capillaries toward the heart

From this reading They are a darker, smaller race, with much Moorish blood in their veins, without any mixture of the nobler Gothic stream from which the inhabitants of the north have sprung.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading Gold and Silver Streets are handsome streets; and there are some fine palaces, and the Opera House is a respectable edifice, and has, moreover, a very good opera; but, though improved of late years, we were told, in cleanliness, it is still a very dirty city, and the lower orders have a marked inferiority to those we saw at Oporto.

VisitverbUS /ˈvɪzɪt/

go to see a place, as for entertainment

From this reading The best account I have ever read of Lisbon and its people, as they were before the French Revolution changed affairs not a little in most of the countries of Europe, is to be found in Beckford's "Visit to the Convents of Alcobaca and Batalha," and in his "Tour to Italy and Portugal."

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading Gold and Silver Streets are handsome streets; and there are some fine palaces, and the Opera House is a respectable edifice, and has, moreover, a very good opera; but, though improved of late years, we were told, in cleanliness, it is still a very dirty city, and the lower orders have a marked inferiority to those we saw at Oporto.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading However, a strong government, liberal institutions, and a street police have pretty well put a stop to such proceedings even there.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Gold and Silver Streets are handsome streets; and there are some fine palaces, and the Opera House is a respectable edifice, and has, moreover, a very good opera; but, though improved of late years, we were told, in cleanliness, it is still a very dirty city, and the lower orders have a marked inferiority to those we saw at Oporto.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading They are a darker, smaller race, with much Moorish blood in their veins, without any mixture of the nobler Gothic stream from which the inhabitants of the north have sprung.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading They are the fellows who have gained for the Portuguese the character of being assassins and robbers, which certainly those in the north do not deserve.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading They are a darker, smaller race, with much Moorish blood in their veins, without any mixture of the nobler Gothic stream from which the inhabitants of the north have sprung.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading They are a darker, smaller race, with much Moorish blood in their veins, without any mixture of the nobler Gothic stream from which the inhabitants of the north have sprung.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading Gold and Silver Streets are handsome streets; and there are some fine palaces, and the Opera House is a respectable edifice, and has, moreover, a very good opera; but, though improved of late years, we were told, in cleanliness, it is still a very dirty city, and the lower orders have a marked inferiority to those we saw at Oporto.

Chapter 8 of The Cruise of the Frolic by William Henry Giles Kingston holds 425 sentences, grouped into 85 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of The Cruise of the Frolic contain?

Chapter 8 holds 425 sentences of The Cruise of the Frolic, unabridged, divided into 85 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of The Cruise of the Frolic by William Henry Giles Kingston exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 425 sentences, grouped into 85 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of The Cruise of the Frolic?

Work through the 85 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 85 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Cruise of the Frolic

Common questions about reading The Cruise of the Frolic by William Henry Giles Kingston on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Cruise of the Frolic?

Yes. All 5036 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #34488 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Cruise of the Frolic is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #34488, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Cruise of the Frolic take to read?

About 419 minutes of reading across 1008 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in The Cruise of the Frolic

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Cruise of the Frolic, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Cruise
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Cruise of the Frolic; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Frolic
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Cruise of the Frolic; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Kingston
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Cruise of the Frolic; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Preface
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Cruise of the Frolic; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.