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The Curse of Koshiu: A Chronicle of Old Japan
The Curse of Koshiu: A Chronicle of Old Japan

Chapter XVIII

Chapter 18 of The Curse of Koshiu: A Chronicle of Old Japan is here in full — 220 sentences across 44 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/44 · 5 lines
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FACE TO FACE.
When the panic-stricken servants rushed into the castle with their appalling tale, there was general consternation.
They had been attacked, they swore, by a band of at least fifty ronins.
By the last act of the doomed chatelaine she had won back the respect of the warriors, for they perceived, too late, that her gentleness had naught akin with cowardice.
Resuming her fit position by force of princely dignity, she had become a liege lady of whom they could be proud.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Curse of Koshiu: A Chronicle of Old Japan

Chapter XVIII

Chapter 18 of The Curse of Koshiu: A Chronicle of Old Japan is here in full — 220 sentences across 44 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/44 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
FACE TO FACE.
/feɪs tuː feɪs/
Line 2
When the panic-stricken servants rushed into the castle with their appalling tale, there was general consternation.
Line 3
They had been attacked, they swore, by a band of at least fifty ronins.
Line 4
By the last act of the doomed chatelaine she had won back the respect of the warriors, for they perceived, too late, that her gentleness had naught akin with cowardice.
Line 5
Resuming her fit position by force of princely dignity, she had become a liege lady of whom they could be proud.
/rɪˈzuːmɪŋ hɜːr fɪt pəˈzɪʃən baɪ fɔːrs ʌv ˈprɪnsli ˈdɪɡnəti ʃiː hæd bɪˈkʌm ə liːdʒ ˈleɪdi ʌv huːm ðeɪ kʊd biː praʊd/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

akin adjective US /əˈkɪn/

similar in quality or character

From this reading “By the last act of the doomed chatelaine she had won back the respect of the warriors, for they perceived, too late, that her gentleness had naught akin with cowardice.”

appalling noun US /əˈpɔːlɪŋ/

an experience that appalls

From this reading “When the panic-stricken servants rushed into the castle with their appalling tale, there was general consternation.”

consternation noun US /ˌkɑːnstərˈneɪʃən/

fear resulting from the awareness of danger

From this reading “When the panic-stricken servants rushed into the castle with their appalling tale, there was general consternation.”

cowardice noun US /ˈkaʊərdəs/

the trait of lacking courage

From this reading “By the last act of the doomed chatelaine she had won back the respect of the warriors, for they perceived, too late, that her gentleness had naught akin with cowardice.”

gentleness noun US /ˈdʒentəlnəs/

the property possessed by a slope that is very gradual

From this reading “By the last act of the doomed chatelaine she had won back the respect of the warriors, for they perceived, too late, that her gentleness had naught akin with cowardice.”

liege noun US /liːdʒ/

a person holding a fief; a person who owes allegiance and service to a feudal lord

From this reading “Resuming her fit position by force of princely dignity, she had become a liege lady of whom they could be proud.”

princely adjective US /ˈprɪnsli/

ostentatiously rich and superior in quality

From this reading “Resuming her fit position by force of princely dignity, she had become a liege lady of whom they could be proud.”

Resuming verb US /rɪˈzuːmɪŋ/

-ing form of “resume” — take up or begin anew

From this reading “Resuming her fit position by force of princely dignity, she had become a liege lady of whom they could be proud.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

too late adverb + adjective

In this reading “By the last act of the doomed chatelaine she had won back the respect of the warriors, for they perceived, too late, that her gentleness had naught akin with cowardice.”

least fifty adjective + noun

In this reading “They had been attacked, they swore, by a band of at least fifty ronins.”

by force preposition + noun

In this reading “Resuming her fit position by force of princely dignity, she had become a liege lady of whom they could be proud.”

act of verb + particle

In this reading “By the last act of the doomed chatelaine she had won back the respect of the warriors, for they perceived, too late, that her gentleness had naught akin with cowardice.”

All words in this reading · 62

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading They had been attacked, they swore, by a band of at least fifty ronins.

actverbUS /ækt/

perform an action, or work out or perform (an action)

From this reading By the last act of the doomed chatelaine she had won back the respect of the warriors, for they perceived, too late, that her gentleness had naught akin with cowardice.

akinadjectiveUS /əˈkɪn/

similar in quality or character

From this reading By the last act of the doomed chatelaine she had won back the respect of the warriors, for they perceived, too late, that her gentleness had naught akin with cowardice.

appallingnounUS /əˈpɔːlɪŋ/

an experience that appalls

From this reading When the panic-stricken servants rushed into the castle with their appalling tale, there was general consternation.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading They had been attacked, they swore, by a band of at least fifty ronins.

attackedverbUS /əˈtækt/

past form of “attack” — launch an attack or assault on; begin hostilities or start warfare with

From this reading They had been attacked, they swore, by a band of at least fifty ronins.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading By the last act of the doomed chatelaine she had won back the respect of the warriors, for they perceived, too late, that her gentleness had naught akin with cowardice.

bandnounUS /bænd/

an unofficial association of people or groups

From this reading They had been attacked, they swore, by a band of at least fifty ronins.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Resuming her fit position by force of princely dignity, she had become a liege lady of whom they could be proud.

becomeverbUS /bɪˈkʌm/

enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading Resuming her fit position by force of princely dignity, she had become a liege lady of whom they could be proud.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading They had been attacked, they swore, by a band of at least fifty ronins.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading They had been attacked, they swore, by a band of at least fifty ronins.

castlenounUS /ˈkæsəl/

a large and stately mansion

From this reading When the panic-stricken servants rushed into the castle with their appalling tale, there was general consternation.

chatelainenoun

the mistress of a chateau or large country house

From this reading By the last act of the doomed chatelaine she had won back the respect of the warriors, for they perceived, too late, that her gentleness had naught akin with cowardice.

consternationnounUS /ˌkɑːnstərˈneɪʃən/

fear resulting from the awareness of danger

From this reading When the panic-stricken servants rushed into the castle with their appalling tale, there was general consternation.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading Resuming her fit position by force of princely dignity, she had become a liege lady of whom they could be proud.

cowardicenounUS /ˈkaʊərdəs/

the trait of lacking courage

From this reading By the last act of the doomed chatelaine she had won back the respect of the warriors, for they perceived, too late, that her gentleness had naught akin with cowardice.

dignitynounUS /ˈdɪɡnəti/

the quality of being worthy of esteem or respect

From this reading Resuming her fit position by force of princely dignity, she had become a liege lady of whom they could be proud.

doomedadjectiveUS /duːmd/

marked for certain death

From this reading By the last act of the doomed chatelaine she had won back the respect of the warriors, for they perceived, too late, that her gentleness had naught akin with cowardice.

FACEnounUS /feɪs/

the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

From this reading FACE TO FACE.

fiftynounUS /ˈfɪfti/

the cardinal number that is the product of ten and five

From this reading They had been attacked, they swore, by a band of at least fifty ronins.

fitverbUS /fɪt/

be agreeable or acceptable to

From this reading Resuming her fit position by force of princely dignity, she had become a liege lady of whom they could be proud.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading By the last act of the doomed chatelaine she had won back the respect of the warriors, for they perceived, too late, that her gentleness had naught akin with cowardice.

forcenounUS /fɔːrs/

a powerful effect or influence

From this reading Resuming her fit position by force of princely dignity, she had become a liege lady of whom they could be proud.

generaladjectiveUS /ˈdʒenərəl/

applying to all or most members of a category or group

From this reading When the panic-stricken servants rushed into the castle with their appalling tale, there was general consternation.

gentlenessnounUS /ˈdʒentəlnəs/

the property possessed by a slope that is very gradual

From this reading By the last act of the doomed chatelaine she had won back the respect of the warriors, for they perceived, too late, that her gentleness had naught akin with cowardice.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading They had been attacked, they swore, by a band of at least fifty ronins.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading By the last act of the doomed chatelaine she had won back the respect of the warriors, for they perceived, too late, that her gentleness had naught akin with cowardice.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading When the panic-stricken servants rushed into the castle with their appalling tale, there was general consternation.

ladynounUS /ˈleɪdi/

a polite name for any woman

From this reading Resuming her fit position by force of princely dignity, she had become a liege lady of whom they could be proud.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading By the last act of the doomed chatelaine she had won back the respect of the warriors, for they perceived, too late, that her gentleness had naught akin with cowardice.

lateadjectiveUS /leɪt/

being or occurring at an advanced period of time or after a usual or expected time

From this reading By the last act of the doomed chatelaine she had won back the respect of the warriors, for they perceived, too late, that her gentleness had naught akin with cowardice.

leastadjectiveUS /liːst/

the superlative of “little” that can be used with mass nouns and is usually preceded by “the”; a quantifier meaning smallest in amount or extent or degree

From this reading They had been attacked, they swore, by a band of at least fifty ronins.

liegenounUS /liːdʒ/

a person holding a fief; a person who owes allegiance and service to a feudal lord

From this reading Resuming her fit position by force of princely dignity, she had become a liege lady of whom they could be proud.

naughtnounUS /nɔːt/

a quantity of no importance

From this reading By the last act of the doomed chatelaine she had won back the respect of the warriors, for they perceived, too late, that her gentleness had naught akin with cowardice.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading They had been attacked, they swore, by a band of at least fifty ronins.

panic-strickenadjective

thrown into a state of intense fear or desperation

From this reading When the panic-stricken servants rushed into the castle with their appalling tale, there was general consternation.

perceivedadjectiveUS /pərˈsiːvd/

detected by instinct or inference rather than by recognized perceptual cues

From this reading By the last act of the doomed chatelaine she had won back the respect of the warriors, for they perceived, too late, that her gentleness had naught akin with cowardice.

positionnounUS /pəˈzɪʃən/

the particular portion of space occupied by something

From this reading Resuming her fit position by force of princely dignity, she had become a liege lady of whom they could be proud.

princelyadjectiveUS /ˈprɪnsli/

ostentatiously rich and superior in quality

From this reading Resuming her fit position by force of princely dignity, she had become a liege lady of whom they could be proud.

proudadjectiveUS /praʊd/

feeling self-respect or pleasure in something by which you measure your self-worth; or being a reason for pride

From this reading Resuming her fit position by force of princely dignity, she had become a liege lady of whom they could be proud.

respectnounUS /rɪˈspekt/

(usually preceded by “in”) a detail or point

From this reading By the last act of the doomed chatelaine she had won back the respect of the warriors, for they perceived, too late, that her gentleness had naught akin with cowardice.

ResumingverbUS /rɪˈzuːmɪŋ/

-ing form of “resume” — take up or begin anew

From this reading Resuming her fit position by force of princely dignity, she had become a liege lady of whom they could be proud.

ronins

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They had been attacked, they swore, by a band of at least fifty ronins.

rushedadjectiveUS /rʌʃt/

done under pressure

From this reading When the panic-stricken servants rushed into the castle with their appalling tale, there was general consternation.

servantsnounUS /ˈsɜːrvənts/

plural of “servant” — a person working in the service of another (especially in the household)

From this reading When the panic-stricken servants rushed into the castle with their appalling tale, there was general consternation.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading By the last act of the doomed chatelaine she had won back the respect of the warriors, for they perceived, too late, that her gentleness had naught akin with cowardice.

sworeverbUS /swɔːr/

inflected form of “swear” — utter obscenities or profanities

From this reading They had been attacked, they swore, by a band of at least fifty ronins.

talenounUS /teɪl/

a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading When the panic-stricken servants rushed into the castle with their appalling tale, there was general consternation.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading By the last act of the doomed chatelaine she had won back the respect of the warriors, for they perceived, too late, that her gentleness had naught akin with cowardice.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading When the panic-stricken servants rushed into the castle with their appalling tale, there was general consternation.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading When the panic-stricken servants rushed into the castle with their appalling tale, there was general consternation.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading When the panic-stricken servants rushed into the castle with their appalling tale, there was general consternation.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They had been attacked, they swore, by a band of at least fifty ronins.

TOparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading FACE TO FACE.

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading By the last act of the doomed chatelaine she had won back the respect of the warriors, for they perceived, too late, that her gentleness had naught akin with cowardice.

warriorsnounUS /ˈwɔːriərz/

plural of “warrior” — someone engaged in or experienced in warfare

From this reading By the last act of the doomed chatelaine she had won back the respect of the warriors, for they perceived, too late, that her gentleness had naught akin with cowardice.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading When the panic-stricken servants rushed into the castle with their appalling tale, there was general consternation.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading When the panic-stricken servants rushed into the castle with their appalling tale, there was general consternation.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Resuming her fit position by force of princely dignity, she had become a liege lady of whom they could be proud.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading When the panic-stricken servants rushed into the castle with their appalling tale, there was general consternation.

wonnounUS /wʌn/

the basic unit of money in South Korea

From this reading By the last act of the doomed chatelaine she had won back the respect of the warriors, for they perceived, too late, that her gentleness had naught akin with cowardice.

Chapter 18 of The Curse of Koshiu: A Chronicle of Old Japan by Lewis Wingfield holds 220 sentences, grouped into 44 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 18 of The Curse of Koshiu: A Chronicle of Old Japan contain?

Chapter 18 holds 220 sentences of The Curse of Koshiu: A Chronicle of Old Japan, unabridged, divided into 44 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 18 of The Curse of Koshiu: A Chronicle of Old Japan by Lewis Wingfield exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 220 sentences, grouped into 44 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 18 of The Curse of Koshiu: A Chronicle of Old Japan?

Work through the 44 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 44 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 18 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 18 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Curse of Koshiu: A Chronicle of Old Japan

Common questions about reading The Curse of Koshiu: A Chronicle of Old Japan by Lewis Wingfield on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Curse of Koshiu: A Chronicle of Old Japan?

Yes. All 4056 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #38853 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Curse of Koshiu: A Chronicle of Old Japan is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #38853, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Curse of Koshiu: A Chronicle of Old Japan take to read?

About 338 minutes of reading across 812 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Curse of Koshiu: A Chronicle of Old Japan section by section

How to work through The Curse of Koshiu: A Chronicle of Old Japan section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 19 chapters of The Curse of Koshiu: A Chronicle of Old Japan to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Curse of Koshiu: A Chronicle of Old Japan

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Curse of Koshiu: A Chronicle of Old Japan, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Towards
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Curse of Koshiu: A Chronicle of Old Japan; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Fourteenth
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Curse of Koshiu: A Chronicle of Old Japan; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Century
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Curse of Koshiu: A Chronicle of Old Japan; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Grandeur
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Curse of Koshiu: A Chronicle of Old Japan; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.