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The Custom of the Country
The Custom of the Country

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Custom of the Country is here in full — 397 sentences across 80 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Custom of the Country
Context Illustration Reading 1/79 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
"Undine Spragg--how can you?" her mother wailed, raising a prematurely-wrinkled hand heavy with rings to defend the note which a languid "bell-boy" had just brought in.
But her defence was as feeble as her protest, and she continued to smile on her visitor while Miss Spragg, with a turn of her quick young fingers, possessed herself of the missive and withdrew to the window to read it.
"I guess it's meant for me," she merely threw over her shoulder at her mother.
"Did you EVER, Mrs. Heeny?"
Mrs. Spragg murmured with deprecating pride.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Custom of the Country

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Custom of the Country is here in full — 397 sentences across 80 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/79 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
"Undine Spragg--how can you?" her mother wailed, raising a prematurely-wrinkled hand heavy with rings to defend the note which a languid "bell-boy" had just brought in.
Line 2
But her defence was as feeble as her protest, and she continued to smile on her visitor while Miss Spragg, with a turn of her quick young fingers, possessed herself of the missive and withdrew to the window to read it.
Line 3
"I guess it's meant for me," she merely threw over her shoulder at her mother.
Line 4
"Did you EVER, Mrs. Heeny?"
Line 5
Mrs. Spragg murmured with deprecating pride.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

deprecating adjective US /ˈdeprəkeɪtɪŋ/

tending to diminish or disparage

From this reading “Mrs. Spragg murmured with deprecating pride.”

languid adjective US /ˈlæŋɡwəd/

lacking spirit or liveliness

From this reading “"Undine Spragg--how can you?" her mother wailed, raising a prematurely-wrinkled hand heavy with rings to defend the note which a languid "bell-boy" had just brought in.”

missive noun US /ˈmɪsɪv/

a written message addressed to a person or organization

From this reading “But her defence was as feeble as her protest, and she continued to smile on her visitor while Miss Spragg, with a turn of her quick young fingers, possessed herself of the missive and withdrew to the window to read it.”

protest noun US /ˈproʊtest/

a formal and solemn declaration of objection

From this reading “But her defence was as feeble as her protest, and she continued to smile on her visitor while Miss Spragg, with a turn of her quick young fingers, possessed herself of the missive and withdrew to the window to read it.”

rings noun US /rɪŋz/

gymnastic apparatus consisting of a pair of heavy metal circles (usually covered with leather) suspended by ropes; used for gymnastic exercises

From this reading “"Undine Spragg--how can you?" her mother wailed, raising a prematurely-wrinkled hand heavy with rings to defend the note which a languid "bell-boy" had just brought in.”

Undine noun US /ˈʌndiːn/

any of various female water spirits

From this reading “"Undine Spragg--how can you?" her mother wailed, raising a prematurely-wrinkled hand heavy with rings to defend the note which a languid "bell-boy" had just brought in.”

wailed verb US /weɪld/

past form of “wail” — emit long loud cries

From this reading “"Undine Spragg--how can you?" her mother wailed, raising a prematurely-wrinkled hand heavy with rings to defend the note which a languid "bell-boy" had just brought in.”

withdrew verb US /wɪθˈdruː/

inflected form of “withdraw” — pull back or move away or backward

From this reading “But her defence was as feeble as her protest, and she continued to smile on her visitor while Miss Spragg, with a turn of her quick young fingers, possessed herself of the missive and withdrew to the window to read it.”

All words in this reading · 70

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading "Undine Spragg--how can you?" her mother wailed, raising a prematurely-wrinkled hand heavy with rings to defend the note which a languid "bell-boy" had just brought in.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading But her defence was as feeble as her protest, and she continued to smile on her visitor while Miss Spragg, with a turn of her quick young fingers, possessed herself of the missive and withdrew to the window to read it.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading But her defence was as feeble as her protest, and she continued to smile on her visitor while Miss Spragg, with a turn of her quick young fingers, possessed herself of the missive and withdrew to the window to read it.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading "I guess it's meant for me," she merely threw over her shoulder at her mother.

bell-boy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Undine Spragg--how can you?" her mother wailed, raising a prematurely-wrinkled hand heavy with rings to defend the note which a languid "bell-boy" had just brought in.

broughtverbUS /brɔːt/

inflected form of “bring” — take something or somebody with oneself somewhere

From this reading "Undine Spragg--how can you?" her mother wailed, raising a prematurely-wrinkled hand heavy with rings to defend the note which a languid "bell-boy" had just brought in.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But her defence was as feeble as her protest, and she continued to smile on her visitor while Miss Spragg, with a turn of her quick young fingers, possessed herself of the missive and withdrew to the window to read it.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading "Undine Spragg--how can you?" her mother wailed, raising a prematurely-wrinkled hand heavy with rings to defend the note which a languid "bell-boy" had just brought in.

continuedadjectiveUS /kənˈtɪnjuːd/

without stop or interruption

From this reading But her defence was as feeble as her protest, and she continued to smile on her visitor while Miss Spragg, with a turn of her quick young fingers, possessed herself of the missive and withdrew to the window to read it.

defencenounUS /dɪˈfens/

(psychiatry) an unconscious process that tries to reduce the anxiety associated with instinctive desires

From this reading But her defence was as feeble as her protest, and she continued to smile on her visitor while Miss Spragg, with a turn of her quick young fingers, possessed herself of the missive and withdrew to the window to read it.

defendverbUS /dɪˈfend/

argue or speak in defense of

From this reading "Undine Spragg--how can you?" her mother wailed, raising a prematurely-wrinkled hand heavy with rings to defend the note which a languid "bell-boy" had just brought in.

deprecatingadjectiveUS /ˈdeprəkeɪtɪŋ/

tending to diminish or disparage

From this reading Mrs. Spragg murmured with deprecating pride.

Didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading "Did you EVER, Mrs. Heeny?"

EVERadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading "Did you EVER, Mrs. Heeny?"

feebleadjectiveUS /ˈfiːbəl/

pathetically lacking in force or effectiveness

From this reading But her defence was as feeble as her protest, and she continued to smile on her visitor while Miss Spragg, with a turn of her quick young fingers, possessed herself of the missive and withdrew to the window to read it.

fingersnounUS /ˈfɪŋɡərz/

plural of “finger” — any of the terminal members of the hand (sometimes excepting the thumb)

From this reading But her defence was as feeble as her protest, and she continued to smile on her visitor while Miss Spragg, with a turn of her quick young fingers, possessed herself of the missive and withdrew to the window to read it.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading "I guess it's meant for me," she merely threw over her shoulder at her mother.

guessverbUS /ɡes/

expect, believe, or suppose

From this reading "I guess it's meant for me," she merely threw over her shoulder at her mother.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading "Undine Spragg--how can you?" her mother wailed, raising a prematurely-wrinkled hand heavy with rings to defend the note which a languid "bell-boy" had just brought in.

handnounUS /hænd/

the (prehensile) extremity of the superior limb

From this reading "Undine Spragg--how can you?" her mother wailed, raising a prematurely-wrinkled hand heavy with rings to defend the note which a languid "bell-boy" had just brought in.

heavyadjectiveUS /ˈhevi/

of comparatively great physical weight or density

From this reading "Undine Spragg--how can you?" her mother wailed, raising a prematurely-wrinkled hand heavy with rings to defend the note which a languid "bell-boy" had just brought in.

Heeny

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Did you EVER, Mrs. Heeny?"

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading "Undine Spragg--how can you?" her mother wailed, raising a prematurely-wrinkled hand heavy with rings to defend the note which a languid "bell-boy" had just brought in.

herselfpronounUS /hərˈself/

used when the woman or girl doing the action is also its object

From this reading But her defence was as feeble as her protest, and she continued to smile on her visitor while Miss Spragg, with a turn of her quick young fingers, possessed herself of the missive and withdrew to the window to read it.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Undine Spragg--how can you?" her mother wailed, raising a prematurely-wrinkled hand heavy with rings to defend the note which a languid "bell-boy" had just brought in.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading "I guess it's meant for me," she merely threw over her shoulder at her mother.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading "Undine Spragg--how can you?" her mother wailed, raising a prematurely-wrinkled hand heavy with rings to defend the note which a languid "bell-boy" had just brought in.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading But her defence was as feeble as her protest, and she continued to smile on her visitor while Miss Spragg, with a turn of her quick young fingers, possessed herself of the missive and withdrew to the window to read it.

it's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "I guess it's meant for me," she merely threw over her shoulder at her mother.

justadverbUS /dʒʌst/

and nothing more

From this reading "Undine Spragg--how can you?" her mother wailed, raising a prematurely-wrinkled hand heavy with rings to defend the note which a languid "bell-boy" had just brought in.

languidadjectiveUS /ˈlæŋɡwəd/

lacking spirit or liveliness

From this reading "Undine Spragg--how can you?" her mother wailed, raising a prematurely-wrinkled hand heavy with rings to defend the note which a languid "bell-boy" had just brought in.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading "I guess it's meant for me," she merely threw over her shoulder at her mother.

meantverbUS /ment/

inflected form of “mean” — mean or intend to express or convey

From this reading "I guess it's meant for me," she merely threw over her shoulder at her mother.

merelyadverbUS /ˈmɪrli/

and nothing more

From this reading "I guess it's meant for me," she merely threw over her shoulder at her mother.

MissverbUS /mɪs/

fail to perceive or to catch with the senses or the mind

From this reading But her defence was as feeble as her protest, and she continued to smile on her visitor while Miss Spragg, with a turn of her quick young fingers, possessed herself of the missive and withdrew to the window to read it.

missivenounUS /ˈmɪsɪv/

a written message addressed to a person or organization

From this reading But her defence was as feeble as her protest, and she continued to smile on her visitor while Miss Spragg, with a turn of her quick young fingers, possessed herself of the missive and withdrew to the window to read it.

mothernounUS /ˈmʌðər/

a woman who has given birth to a child (also used as a term of address to your mother)

From this reading "Undine Spragg--how can you?" her mother wailed, raising a prematurely-wrinkled hand heavy with rings to defend the note which a languid "bell-boy" had just brought in.

MrsnounUS /ˈmɪsɪz/

a form of address for a married woman

From this reading "Did you EVER, Mrs. Heeny?"

murmuredverbUS /ˈmɜːrmərd/

past form of “murmur” — speak softly or indistinctly

From this reading Mrs. Spragg murmured with deprecating pride.

notenounUS /noʊt/

a brief written record

From this reading "Undine Spragg--how can you?" her mother wailed, raising a prematurely-wrinkled hand heavy with rings to defend the note which a languid "bell-boy" had just brought in.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading But her defence was as feeble as her protest, and she continued to smile on her visitor while Miss Spragg, with a turn of her quick young fingers, possessed herself of the missive and withdrew to the window to read it.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading But her defence was as feeble as her protest, and she continued to smile on her visitor while Miss Spragg, with a turn of her quick young fingers, possessed herself of the missive and withdrew to the window to read it.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading "I guess it's meant for me," she merely threw over her shoulder at her mother.

possessedadjectiveUS /pəˈzest/

influenced or controlled by a powerful force such as a strong emotion

From this reading But her defence was as feeble as her protest, and she continued to smile on her visitor while Miss Spragg, with a turn of her quick young fingers, possessed herself of the missive and withdrew to the window to read it.

prematurely-wrinkled

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Undine Spragg--how can you?" her mother wailed, raising a prematurely-wrinkled hand heavy with rings to defend the note which a languid "bell-boy" had just brought in.

pridenounUS /praɪd/

a feeling of self-respect and personal worth

From this reading Mrs. Spragg murmured with deprecating pride.

protestnounUS /ˈproʊtest/

a formal and solemn declaration of objection

From this reading But her defence was as feeble as her protest, and she continued to smile on her visitor while Miss Spragg, with a turn of her quick young fingers, possessed herself of the missive and withdrew to the window to read it.

quickadjectiveUS /kwɪk/

accomplished rapidly and without delay

From this reading But her defence was as feeble as her protest, and she continued to smile on her visitor while Miss Spragg, with a turn of her quick young fingers, possessed herself of the missive and withdrew to the window to read it.

raisingnounUS /ˈreɪzɪŋ/

the event of something being raised upward

From this reading "Undine Spragg--how can you?" her mother wailed, raising a prematurely-wrinkled hand heavy with rings to defend the note which a languid "bell-boy" had just brought in.

readverbUS /red/

interpret something that is written or printed

From this reading But her defence was as feeble as her protest, and she continued to smile on her visitor while Miss Spragg, with a turn of her quick young fingers, possessed herself of the missive and withdrew to the window to read it.

ringsnounUS /rɪŋz/

gymnastic apparatus consisting of a pair of heavy metal circles (usually covered with leather) suspended by ropes; used for gymnastic exercises

From this reading "Undine Spragg--how can you?" her mother wailed, raising a prematurely-wrinkled hand heavy with rings to defend the note which a languid "bell-boy" had just brought in.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading But her defence was as feeble as her protest, and she continued to smile on her visitor while Miss Spragg, with a turn of her quick young fingers, possessed herself of the missive and withdrew to the window to read it.

shoulderverbUS /ˈʃoʊldər/

lift onto one's shoulders

From this reading "I guess it's meant for me," she merely threw over her shoulder at her mother.

smileverbUS /smaɪl/

change one's facial expression by spreading the lips, often to signal pleasure

From this reading But her defence was as feeble as her protest, and she continued to smile on her visitor while Miss Spragg, with a turn of her quick young fingers, possessed herself of the missive and withdrew to the window to read it.

Spragg

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Undine Spragg--how can you?" her mother wailed, raising a prematurely-wrinkled hand heavy with rings to defend the note which a languid "bell-boy" had just brought in.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading "Undine Spragg--how can you?" her mother wailed, raising a prematurely-wrinkled hand heavy with rings to defend the note which a languid "bell-boy" had just brought in.

threwverbUS /θruː/

inflected form of “throw” — propel through the air

From this reading "I guess it's meant for me," she merely threw over her shoulder at her mother.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading "Undine Spragg--how can you?" her mother wailed, raising a prematurely-wrinkled hand heavy with rings to defend the note which a languid "bell-boy" had just brought in.

turnverbUS /tɜːrn/

change orientation or direction, also in the abstract sense

From this reading But her defence was as feeble as her protest, and she continued to smile on her visitor while Miss Spragg, with a turn of her quick young fingers, possessed herself of the missive and withdrew to the window to read it.

UndinenounUS /ˈʌndiːn/

any of various female water spirits

From this reading "Undine Spragg--how can you?" her mother wailed, raising a prematurely-wrinkled hand heavy with rings to defend the note which a languid "bell-boy" had just brought in.

visitornounUS /ˈvɪzɪtər/

someone who visits

From this reading But her defence was as feeble as her protest, and she continued to smile on her visitor while Miss Spragg, with a turn of her quick young fingers, possessed herself of the missive and withdrew to the window to read it.

wailedverbUS /weɪld/

past form of “wail” — emit long loud cries

From this reading "Undine Spragg--how can you?" her mother wailed, raising a prematurely-wrinkled hand heavy with rings to defend the note which a languid "bell-boy" had just brought in.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading But her defence was as feeble as her protest, and she continued to smile on her visitor while Miss Spragg, with a turn of her quick young fingers, possessed herself of the missive and withdrew to the window to read it.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading "Undine Spragg--how can you?" her mother wailed, raising a prematurely-wrinkled hand heavy with rings to defend the note which a languid "bell-boy" had just brought in.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading But her defence was as feeble as her protest, and she continued to smile on her visitor while Miss Spragg, with a turn of her quick young fingers, possessed herself of the missive and withdrew to the window to read it.

windownounUS /ˈwɪndoʊ/

a framework of wood or metal that contains a glass windowpane and is built into a wall or roof to admit light or air

From this reading But her defence was as feeble as her protest, and she continued to smile on her visitor while Miss Spragg, with a turn of her quick young fingers, possessed herself of the missive and withdrew to the window to read it.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading "Undine Spragg--how can you?" her mother wailed, raising a prematurely-wrinkled hand heavy with rings to defend the note which a languid "bell-boy" had just brought in.

withdrewverbUS /wɪθˈdruː/

inflected form of “withdraw” — pull back or move away or backward

From this reading But her defence was as feeble as her protest, and she continued to smile on her visitor while Miss Spragg, with a turn of her quick young fingers, possessed herself of the missive and withdrew to the window to read it.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading "Undine Spragg--how can you?" her mother wailed, raising a prematurely-wrinkled hand heavy with rings to defend the note which a languid "bell-boy" had just brought in.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading But her defence was as feeble as her protest, and she continued to smile on her visitor while Miss Spragg, with a turn of her quick young fingers, possessed herself of the missive and withdrew to the window to read it.

Chapter 1 of The Custom of the Country by Edith Wharton holds 397 sentences, grouped into 80 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of The Custom of the Country contain?

Chapter 1 holds 397 sentences of The Custom of the Country, unabridged, divided into 80 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of The Custom of the Country by Edith Wharton exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 397 sentences, grouped into 80 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of The Custom of the Country?

Work through the 80 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 80 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Custom of the Country

Common questions about reading The Custom of the Country by Edith Wharton on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Custom of the Country?

Yes. All 7166 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #11052 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Custom of the Country is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #11052, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Custom of the Country take to read?

About 597 minutes of reading across 1434 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Custom of the Country section by section

How to work through The Custom of the Country section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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Vocabulary met early in The Custom of the Country

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Custom of the Country, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Undine
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Custom of the Country; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Spragg--how
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Custom of the Country; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Mother
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Custom of the Country; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Wailed
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Custom of the Country; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.