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The Czar
The Czar

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of The Czar is here in full — 170 sentences across 34 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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IVAN’S HORIZON WIDENS.
“Behind the orphan, God himself bears a purse.”--_Russian Proverb._ No child ever dreams of being grateful for food and shelter, unless taught by the sad experience of destitution.
The little guest expects to be welcomed to the feast of life, and even assumes that the board has been spread on purpose for him.
Ivan was no exception to the rule: hitherto he had received the devotion and tenderness of those around him as a matter of course; perhaps indeed he was in danger of exacting them as a right, and of becoming, as he grew older, proud and overbearing.
But now a change had come.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Czar

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of The Czar is here in full — 170 sentences across 34 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/34 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
IVAN’S HORIZON WIDENS.
Line 2
“Behind the orphan, God himself bears a purse.”--_Russian Proverb._ No child ever dreams of being grateful for food and shelter, unless taught by the sad experience of destitution.
Line 3
The little guest expects to be welcomed to the feast of life, and even assumes that the board has been spread on purpose for him.
/ðə ˈlɪtəl ɡest ɪkˈspekts tuː biː ˈwelkəmd tuː ðə fiːst ʌv laɪf ənd ˈiːvɪn əˈsuːmz ðæt ðə bɔːrd hæz bɪn spred ɑːn ˈpɜːrpəs fɔːr hɪm/
Line 4
Ivan was no exception to the rule: hitherto he had received the devotion and tenderness of those around him as a matter of course; perhaps indeed he was in danger of exacting them as a right, and of becoming, as he grew older, proud and overbearing.
Line 5
But now a change had come.
/bʌt naʊ ə tʃeɪndʒ hæd kʌm/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

assumes verb US /əˈsuːmz/

third-person singular of “assume” — take to be the case or to be true; accept without verification or proof

From this reading “The little guest expects to be welcomed to the feast of life, and even assumes that the board has been spread on purpose for him.”

destitution noun US /ˈdestətuːʃən/

a state without friends or money or prospects

From this reading ““Behind the orphan, God himself bears a purse.”--_Russian Proverb._ No child ever dreams of being grateful for food and shelter, unless taught by the sad experience of destitution.”

exacting adjective US /ɪɡˈzæktɪŋ/

having complicated nutritional requirements; especially growing only in special artificial cultures

From this reading “Ivan was no exception to the rule: hitherto he had received the devotion and tenderness of those around him as a matter of course; perhaps indeed he was in danger of exacting them as a right, and of becoming, as he grew older, proud and overbearing.”

expects verb US /ɪkˈspekts/

third-person singular of “expect” — regard something as probable or likely

From this reading “The little guest expects to be welcomed to the feast of life, and even assumes that the board has been spread on purpose for him.”

orphan noun US /ˈɔːrfən/

a child who has lost both parents

From this reading ““Behind the orphan, God himself bears a purse.”--_Russian Proverb._ No child ever dreams of being grateful for food and shelter, unless taught by the sad experience of destitution.”

overbearing adjective US /ˈoʊvərˈberɪŋ/

expecting unquestioning obedience

From this reading “Ivan was no exception to the rule: hitherto he had received the devotion and tenderness of those around him as a matter of course; perhaps indeed he was in danger of exacting them as a right, and of becoming, as he grew older, proud and overbearing.”

Proverb noun US /ˈprɑːvərb/

a condensed but memorable saying embodying some important fact of experience that is taken as true by many people

From this reading ““Behind the orphan, God himself bears a purse.”--_Russian Proverb._ No child ever dreams of being grateful for food and shelter, unless taught by the sad experience of destitution.”

widens verb US /ˈwaɪdənz/

third-person singular of “widen” — become broader or wider or more extensive

From this reading “IVAN’S HORIZON WIDENS.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

grew older verb + adjective counted as “grow older”

In this reading “Ivan was no exception to the rule: hitherto he had received the devotion and tenderness of those around him as a matter of course; perhaps indeed he was in danger of exacting them as a right, and of becoming, as he grew older, proud and overbearing.”

of course preposition + noun

as might be expected

In this reading “Ivan was no exception to the rule: hitherto he had received the devotion and tenderness of those around him as a matter of course; perhaps indeed he was in danger of exacting them as a right, and of becoming, as he grew older, proud and overbearing.”

on purpose preposition + noun

with intention; in an intentional manner

In this reading “The little guest expects to be welcomed to the feast of life, and even assumes that the board has been spread on purpose for him.”

for food preposition + noun

In this reading ““Behind the orphan, God himself bears a purse.”--_Russian Proverb._ No child ever dreams of being grateful for food and shelter, unless taught by the sad experience of destitution.”

in danger preposition + noun

In this reading “Ivan was no exception to the rule: hitherto he had received the devotion and tenderness of those around him as a matter of course; perhaps indeed he was in danger of exacting them as a right, and of becoming, as he grew older, proud and overbearing.”

All words in this reading · 79

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading “Behind the orphan, God himself bears a purse.”--_Russian Proverb._ No child ever dreams of being grateful for food and shelter, unless taught by the sad experience of destitution.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading “Behind the orphan, God himself bears a purse.”--_Russian Proverb._ No child ever dreams of being grateful for food and shelter, unless taught by the sad experience of destitution.

aroundprepositionUS /ərˈaʊnd/

surrounding, or on every side of, something

From this reading Ivan was no exception to the rule: hitherto he had received the devotion and tenderness of those around him as a matter of course; perhaps indeed he was in danger of exacting them as a right, and of becoming, as he grew older, proud and overbearing.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Ivan was no exception to the rule: hitherto he had received the devotion and tenderness of those around him as a matter of course; perhaps indeed he was in danger of exacting them as a right, and of becoming, as he grew older, proud and overbearing.

assumesverbUS /əˈsuːmz/

third-person singular of “assume” — take to be the case or to be true; accept without verification or proof

From this reading The little guest expects to be welcomed to the feast of life, and even assumes that the board has been spread on purpose for him.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading The little guest expects to be welcomed to the feast of life, and even assumes that the board has been spread on purpose for him.

bearsnounUS /berz/

plural of “bear” — massive plantigrade carnivorous or omnivorous mammals with long shaggy coats and strong claws

From this reading “Behind the orphan, God himself bears a purse.”--_Russian Proverb._ No child ever dreams of being grateful for food and shelter, unless taught by the sad experience of destitution.

becomingadjectiveUS /bɪˈkʌmɪŋ/

according with custom or propriety

From this reading Ivan was no exception to the rule: hitherto he had received the devotion and tenderness of those around him as a matter of course; perhaps indeed he was in danger of exacting them as a right, and of becoming, as he grew older, proud and overbearing.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading The little guest expects to be welcomed to the feast of life, and even assumes that the board has been spread on purpose for him.

BehindprepositionUS /bɪˈhaɪnd/

at or toward the back of something

From this reading “Behind the orphan, God himself bears a purse.”--_Russian Proverb._ No child ever dreams of being grateful for food and shelter, unless taught by the sad experience of destitution.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading “Behind the orphan, God himself bears a purse.”--_Russian Proverb._ No child ever dreams of being grateful for food and shelter, unless taught by the sad experience of destitution.

boardnounUS /bɔːrd/

a committee having supervisory powers

From this reading The little guest expects to be welcomed to the feast of life, and even assumes that the board has been spread on purpose for him.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But now a change had come.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading “Behind the orphan, God himself bears a purse.”--_Russian Proverb._ No child ever dreams of being grateful for food and shelter, unless taught by the sad experience of destitution.

changeverbUS /tʃeɪndʒ/

cause to change; make different; cause a transformation

From this reading But now a change had come.

childnounUS /tʃaɪld/

a young person of either sex

From this reading “Behind the orphan, God himself bears a purse.”--_Russian Proverb._ No child ever dreams of being grateful for food and shelter, unless taught by the sad experience of destitution.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading But now a change had come.

coursenounUS /kɔːrs/

education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings

From this reading Ivan was no exception to the rule: hitherto he had received the devotion and tenderness of those around him as a matter of course; perhaps indeed he was in danger of exacting them as a right, and of becoming, as he grew older, proud and overbearing.

dangernounUS /ˈdeɪndʒər/

the condition of being susceptible to harm or injury

From this reading Ivan was no exception to the rule: hitherto he had received the devotion and tenderness of those around him as a matter of course; perhaps indeed he was in danger of exacting them as a right, and of becoming, as he grew older, proud and overbearing.

destitutionnounUS /ˈdestətuːʃən/

a state without friends or money or prospects

From this reading “Behind the orphan, God himself bears a purse.”--_Russian Proverb._ No child ever dreams of being grateful for food and shelter, unless taught by the sad experience of destitution.

devotionnounUS /dɪˈvoʊʃən/

feelings of ardent love

From this reading Ivan was no exception to the rule: hitherto he had received the devotion and tenderness of those around him as a matter of course; perhaps indeed he was in danger of exacting them as a right, and of becoming, as he grew older, proud and overbearing.

dreamsnounUS /driːmz/

plural of “dream” — a series of mental images and emotions occurring during sleep

From this reading “Behind the orphan, God himself bears a purse.”--_Russian Proverb._ No child ever dreams of being grateful for food and shelter, unless taught by the sad experience of destitution.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading The little guest expects to be welcomed to the feast of life, and even assumes that the board has been spread on purpose for him.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading “Behind the orphan, God himself bears a purse.”--_Russian Proverb._ No child ever dreams of being grateful for food and shelter, unless taught by the sad experience of destitution.

exactingadjectiveUS /ɪɡˈzæktɪŋ/

having complicated nutritional requirements; especially growing only in special artificial cultures

From this reading Ivan was no exception to the rule: hitherto he had received the devotion and tenderness of those around him as a matter of course; perhaps indeed he was in danger of exacting them as a right, and of becoming, as he grew older, proud and overbearing.

exceptionnounUS /ɪkˈsepʃən/

a deliberate act of omission

From this reading Ivan was no exception to the rule: hitherto he had received the devotion and tenderness of those around him as a matter of course; perhaps indeed he was in danger of exacting them as a right, and of becoming, as he grew older, proud and overbearing.

expectsverbUS /ɪkˈspekts/

third-person singular of “expect” — regard something as probable or likely

From this reading The little guest expects to be welcomed to the feast of life, and even assumes that the board has been spread on purpose for him.

experienceverbUS /ɪkˈspɪriəns/

undergo or live through a difficult experience

From this reading “Behind the orphan, God himself bears a purse.”--_Russian Proverb._ No child ever dreams of being grateful for food and shelter, unless taught by the sad experience of destitution.

feastnounUS /fiːst/

a ceremonial dinner party for many people

From this reading The little guest expects to be welcomed to the feast of life, and even assumes that the board has been spread on purpose for him.

foodnounUS /fuːd/

any substance that can be metabolized by an animal to give energy and build tissue

From this reading “Behind the orphan, God himself bears a purse.”--_Russian Proverb._ No child ever dreams of being grateful for food and shelter, unless taught by the sad experience of destitution.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading “Behind the orphan, God himself bears a purse.”--_Russian Proverb._ No child ever dreams of being grateful for food and shelter, unless taught by the sad experience of destitution.

GodnounUS /ɡɑːd/

the supernatural being conceived as the perfect and omnipotent and omniscient originator and ruler of the universe; the object of worship in monotheistic religions

From this reading “Behind the orphan, God himself bears a purse.”--_Russian Proverb._ No child ever dreams of being grateful for food and shelter, unless taught by the sad experience of destitution.

gratefuladjectiveUS /ˈɡreɪtfəl/

feeling or showing gratitude

From this reading “Behind the orphan, God himself bears a purse.”--_Russian Proverb._ No child ever dreams of being grateful for food and shelter, unless taught by the sad experience of destitution.

grewverbUS /ɡruː/

inflected form of “grow” — pass into a condition gradually, take on a specific property or attribute; become

From this reading Ivan was no exception to the rule: hitherto he had received the devotion and tenderness of those around him as a matter of course; perhaps indeed he was in danger of exacting them as a right, and of becoming, as he grew older, proud and overbearing.

guestnounUS /ɡest/

a visitor to whom hospitality is extended

From this reading The little guest expects to be welcomed to the feast of life, and even assumes that the board has been spread on purpose for him.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Ivan was no exception to the rule: hitherto he had received the devotion and tenderness of those around him as a matter of course; perhaps indeed he was in danger of exacting them as a right, and of becoming, as he grew older, proud and overbearing.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The little guest expects to be welcomed to the feast of life, and even assumes that the board has been spread on purpose for him.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Ivan was no exception to the rule: hitherto he had received the devotion and tenderness of those around him as a matter of course; perhaps indeed he was in danger of exacting them as a right, and of becoming, as he grew older, proud and overbearing.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading The little guest expects to be welcomed to the feast of life, and even assumes that the board has been spread on purpose for him.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading “Behind the orphan, God himself bears a purse.”--_Russian Proverb._ No child ever dreams of being grateful for food and shelter, unless taught by the sad experience of destitution.

hithertoadverbUS /ˈhɪðɜːrˈtuː/

used in negative statement to describe a situation that has existed up to this point or up to the present time

From this reading Ivan was no exception to the rule: hitherto he had received the devotion and tenderness of those around him as a matter of course; perhaps indeed he was in danger of exacting them as a right, and of becoming, as he grew older, proud and overbearing.

HORIZONnounUS /hərˈaɪzən/

the line at which the sky and Earth appear to meet

From this reading IVAN’S HORIZON WIDENS.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Ivan was no exception to the rule: hitherto he had received the devotion and tenderness of those around him as a matter of course; perhaps indeed he was in danger of exacting them as a right, and of becoming, as he grew older, proud and overbearing.

indeedadverbUS /ˌɪnˈdiːd/

in truth (often tends to intensify)

From this reading Ivan was no exception to the rule: hitherto he had received the devotion and tenderness of those around him as a matter of course; perhaps indeed he was in danger of exacting them as a right, and of becoming, as he grew older, proud and overbearing.

Ivan

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ivan was no exception to the rule: hitherto he had received the devotion and tenderness of those around him as a matter of course; perhaps indeed he was in danger of exacting them as a right, and of becoming, as he grew older, proud and overbearing.

IVAN'S

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading IVAN’S HORIZON WIDENS.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading The little guest expects to be welcomed to the feast of life, and even assumes that the board has been spread on purpose for him.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading The little guest expects to be welcomed to the feast of life, and even assumes that the board has been spread on purpose for him.

matternounUS /ˈmætər/

a vaguely specified concern

From this reading Ivan was no exception to the rule: hitherto he had received the devotion and tenderness of those around him as a matter of course; perhaps indeed he was in danger of exacting them as a right, and of becoming, as he grew older, proud and overbearing.

NodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading “Behind the orphan, God himself bears a purse.”--_Russian Proverb._ No child ever dreams of being grateful for food and shelter, unless taught by the sad experience of destitution.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading But now a change had come.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading “Behind the orphan, God himself bears a purse.”--_Russian Proverb._ No child ever dreams of being grateful for food and shelter, unless taught by the sad experience of destitution.

olderadjectiveUS /ˈoʊldər/

advanced in years; (“aged” is pronounced as two syllables)

From this reading Ivan was no exception to the rule: hitherto he had received the devotion and tenderness of those around him as a matter of course; perhaps indeed he was in danger of exacting them as a right, and of becoming, as he grew older, proud and overbearing.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The little guest expects to be welcomed to the feast of life, and even assumes that the board has been spread on purpose for him.

orphannounUS /ˈɔːrfən/

a child who has lost both parents

From this reading “Behind the orphan, God himself bears a purse.”--_Russian Proverb._ No child ever dreams of being grateful for food and shelter, unless taught by the sad experience of destitution.

overbearingadjectiveUS /ˈoʊvərˈberɪŋ/

expecting unquestioning obedience

From this reading Ivan was no exception to the rule: hitherto he had received the devotion and tenderness of those around him as a matter of course; perhaps indeed he was in danger of exacting them as a right, and of becoming, as he grew older, proud and overbearing.

perhapsadverbUS /pərˈhæps/

by chance

From this reading Ivan was no exception to the rule: hitherto he had received the devotion and tenderness of those around him as a matter of course; perhaps indeed he was in danger of exacting them as a right, and of becoming, as he grew older, proud and overbearing.

proudadjectiveUS /praʊd/

feeling self-respect or pleasure in something by which you measure your self-worth; or being a reason for pride

From this reading Ivan was no exception to the rule: hitherto he had received the devotion and tenderness of those around him as a matter of course; perhaps indeed he was in danger of exacting them as a right, and of becoming, as he grew older, proud and overbearing.

ProverbnounUS /ˈprɑːvərb/

a condensed but memorable saying embodying some important fact of experience that is taken as true by many people

From this reading “Behind the orphan, God himself bears a purse.”--_Russian Proverb._ No child ever dreams of being grateful for food and shelter, unless taught by the sad experience of destitution.

purposenounUS /ˈpɜːrpəs/

an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions

From this reading The little guest expects to be welcomed to the feast of life, and even assumes that the board has been spread on purpose for him.

pursenounUS /pɜːrs/

a container used for carrying money and small personal items or accessories (especially by women)

From this reading “Behind the orphan, God himself bears a purse.”--_Russian Proverb._ No child ever dreams of being grateful for food and shelter, unless taught by the sad experience of destitution.

receivedadjectiveUS /rəˈsiːvd/

conforming to the established language usage of educated native speakers

From this reading Ivan was no exception to the rule: hitherto he had received the devotion and tenderness of those around him as a matter of course; perhaps indeed he was in danger of exacting them as a right, and of becoming, as he grew older, proud and overbearing.

rightadverbUS /raɪt/

precisely, exactly

From this reading Ivan was no exception to the rule: hitherto he had received the devotion and tenderness of those around him as a matter of course; perhaps indeed he was in danger of exacting them as a right, and of becoming, as he grew older, proud and overbearing.

rulenounUS /ruːl/

a principle or condition that customarily governs behavior

From this reading Ivan was no exception to the rule: hitherto he had received the devotion and tenderness of those around him as a matter of course; perhaps indeed he was in danger of exacting them as a right, and of becoming, as he grew older, proud and overbearing.

RussiannounUS /ˈrʌʃən/

a native or inhabitant of Russia

From this reading “Behind the orphan, God himself bears a purse.”--_Russian Proverb._ No child ever dreams of being grateful for food and shelter, unless taught by the sad experience of destitution.

sadadjectiveUS /sæd/

experiencing or showing sorrow or unhappiness

From this reading “Behind the orphan, God himself bears a purse.”--_Russian Proverb._ No child ever dreams of being grateful for food and shelter, unless taught by the sad experience of destitution.

shelternounUS /ˈʃeltər/

a structure that provides privacy and protection from danger

From this reading “Behind the orphan, God himself bears a purse.”--_Russian Proverb._ No child ever dreams of being grateful for food and shelter, unless taught by the sad experience of destitution.

spreadverbUS /spred/

distribute or disperse widely

From this reading The little guest expects to be welcomed to the feast of life, and even assumes that the board has been spread on purpose for him.

taughtverbUS /tɔːt/

inflected form of “teach” — impart skills or knowledge to

From this reading “Behind the orphan, God himself bears a purse.”--_Russian Proverb._ No child ever dreams of being grateful for food and shelter, unless taught by the sad experience of destitution.

tendernessnounUS /ˈtendərnəs/

a tendency to express warm and affectionate feeling

From this reading Ivan was no exception to the rule: hitherto he had received the devotion and tenderness of those around him as a matter of course; perhaps indeed he was in danger of exacting them as a right, and of becoming, as he grew older, proud and overbearing.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The little guest expects to be welcomed to the feast of life, and even assumes that the board has been spread on purpose for him.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading “Behind the orphan, God himself bears a purse.”--_Russian Proverb._ No child ever dreams of being grateful for food and shelter, unless taught by the sad experience of destitution.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Ivan was no exception to the rule: hitherto he had received the devotion and tenderness of those around him as a matter of course; perhaps indeed he was in danger of exacting them as a right, and of becoming, as he grew older, proud and overbearing.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading Ivan was no exception to the rule: hitherto he had received the devotion and tenderness of those around him as a matter of course; perhaps indeed he was in danger of exacting them as a right, and of becoming, as he grew older, proud and overbearing.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The little guest expects to be welcomed to the feast of life, and even assumes that the board has been spread on purpose for him.

unlessconjunctionUS /ənˈles/

except if; if not

From this reading “Behind the orphan, God himself bears a purse.”--_Russian Proverb._ No child ever dreams of being grateful for food and shelter, unless taught by the sad experience of destitution.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Ivan was no exception to the rule: hitherto he had received the devotion and tenderness of those around him as a matter of course; perhaps indeed he was in danger of exacting them as a right, and of becoming, as he grew older, proud and overbearing.

welcomedverbUS /ˈwelkəmd/

past form of “welcome” — accept gladly

From this reading The little guest expects to be welcomed to the feast of life, and even assumes that the board has been spread on purpose for him.

WIDENSverbUS /ˈwaɪdənz/

third-person singular of “widen” — become broader or wider or more extensive

From this reading IVAN’S HORIZON WIDENS.

Chapter 4 of The Czar by Deborah Alcock holds 170 sentences, grouped into 34 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of The Czar contain?

Chapter 4 holds 170 sentences of The Czar, unabridged, divided into 34 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of The Czar by Deborah Alcock exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 170 sentences, grouped into 34 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of The Czar?

Work through the 34 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 34 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Czar

Common questions about reading The Czar by Deborah Alcock on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Czar?

Yes. All 7341 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #49782 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Czar is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #49782, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Czar take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1469 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Czar section by section

How to work through The Czar section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of The Czar to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Czar

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Czar, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

First
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Czar; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Napoleon
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Czar; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
London
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Czar; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Edinburgh
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Czar; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.