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The Daughter of an Empress
The Daughter of an Empress

Chapter XXXI · Chapter 31

Chapter 31 of The Daughter of an Empress is here in full — 171 sentences across 35 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/34 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Ribas shrugged his shoulders.
That is, he was so considered; but in reality I believe he was only a half-brother.
My mother, of blessed memory, had many little adventures, and I think Carlo’s birth was somewhat connected with them.
Nor am I sure that it was not a necessary work to kill him, as it was surely my duty to avenge my father’s injured honor, which is all I have done!
Upon these grounds has a good, honest priest this day given me absolution, and I now stand before you pure and sinless as a maiden!
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Daughter of an Empress

Chapter XXXI · Chapter 31

Chapter 31 of The Daughter of an Empress is here in full — 171 sentences across 35 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/34 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Ribas shrugged his shoulders.
Line 2
That is, he was so considered; but in reality I believe he was only a half-brother.
Line 3
My mother, of blessed memory, had many little adventures, and I think Carlo’s birth was somewhat connected with them.
Line 4
Nor am I sure that it was not a necessary work to kill him, as it was surely my duty to avenge my father’s injured honor, which is all I have done!
/nɔːr æm aɪ ʃʊr ðæt ɪt wɑːz nɑːt ə ˈnesəseri wɜːrk tuː kɪl hɪm æz ɪt wɑːz ˈʃʊrli maɪ ˈduːti tuː əˈvendʒ maɪ ˈfɑːðərz ˈɪndʒərd ˈɑːnər wɪtʃ ɪz ɔːl aɪ hæv dʌn/
Line 5
Upon these grounds has a good, honest priest this day given me absolution, and I now stand before you pure and sinless as a maiden!

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

absolution noun US /ˌæbsəˈluːʃən/

the condition of being formally forgiven by a priest in the sacrament of penance

From this reading “Upon these grounds has a good, honest priest this day given me absolution, and I now stand before you pure and sinless as a maiden!”

adventures noun US /ædˈventʃərz/

plural of “adventure” — a wild and exciting undertaking (not necessarily lawful)

From this reading “My mother, of blessed memory, had many little adventures, and I think Carlo’s birth was somewhat connected with them.”

avenge verb US /əˈvendʒ/

take revenge for a perceived wrong

From this reading “Nor am I sure that it was not a necessary work to kill him, as it was surely my duty to avenge my father’s injured honor, which is all I have done!”

connected adjective US /kəˈnektɪd/

being joined in close association

From this reading “My mother, of blessed memory, had many little adventures, and I think Carlo’s birth was somewhat connected with them.”

grounds noun US /ɡraʊndz/

your basis for belief or disbelief; knowledge on which to base belief

From this reading “Upon these grounds has a good, honest priest this day given me absolution, and I now stand before you pure and sinless as a maiden!”

injured adjective US /ˈɪndʒərd/

harmed

From this reading “Nor am I sure that it was not a necessary work to kill him, as it was surely my duty to avenge my father’s injured honor, which is all I have done!”

reality noun US /ˌriːˈælətiː/

all of your experiences that determine how things appear to you

From this reading ““That is, he was so considered; but in reality I believe he was only a half-brother.”

shrugged verb US /ʃrʌɡd/

inflected form of “shrug” — raise one's shoulders to indicate indifference or resignation

From this reading “Ribas shrugged his shoulders.”

All words in this reading · 75

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading “That is, he was so considered; but in reality I believe he was only a half-brother.

absolutionnounUS /ˌæbsəˈluːʃən/

the condition of being formally forgiven by a priest in the sacrament of penance

From this reading Upon these grounds has a good, honest priest this day given me absolution, and I now stand before you pure and sinless as a maiden!

adventuresnounUS /ædˈventʃərz/

plural of “adventure” — a wild and exciting undertaking (not necessarily lawful)

From this reading My mother, of blessed memory, had many little adventures, and I think Carlo’s birth was somewhat connected with them.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Nor am I sure that it was not a necessary work to kill him, as it was surely my duty to avenge my father’s injured honor, which is all I have done!

amauxiliary verbUS /æm/

the form of “be” used with “I”

From this reading Nor am I sure that it was not a necessary work to kill him, as it was surely my duty to avenge my father’s injured honor, which is all I have done!

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading My mother, of blessed memory, had many little adventures, and I think Carlo’s birth was somewhat connected with them.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Nor am I sure that it was not a necessary work to kill him, as it was surely my duty to avenge my father’s injured honor, which is all I have done!

avengeverbUS /əˈvendʒ/

take revenge for a perceived wrong

From this reading Nor am I sure that it was not a necessary work to kill him, as it was surely my duty to avenge my father’s injured honor, which is all I have done!

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Upon these grounds has a good, honest priest this day given me absolution, and I now stand before you pure and sinless as a maiden!

believeverbUS /bɪˈliːv/

accept as true; take to be true

From this reading “That is, he was so considered; but in reality I believe he was only a half-brother.

birthnounUS /bɜːrθ/

the time when something begins (especially life)

From this reading My mother, of blessed memory, had many little adventures, and I think Carlo’s birth was somewhat connected with them.

blessedadjectiveUS /blest/

highly favored or fortunate (as e.g. by divine grace)

From this reading My mother, of blessed memory, had many little adventures, and I think Carlo’s birth was somewhat connected with them.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading “That is, he was so considered; but in reality I believe he was only a half-brother.

Carlo's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading My mother, of blessed memory, had many little adventures, and I think Carlo’s birth was somewhat connected with them.

connectedadjectiveUS /kəˈnektɪd/

being joined in close association

From this reading My mother, of blessed memory, had many little adventures, and I think Carlo’s birth was somewhat connected with them.

consideredadjectiveUS /kənˈsɪdərd/

carefully weighed

From this reading “That is, he was so considered; but in reality I believe he was only a half-brother.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading Upon these grounds has a good, honest priest this day given me absolution, and I now stand before you pure and sinless as a maiden!

doneadjectiveUS /dʌn/

having finished or arrived at completion

From this reading Nor am I sure that it was not a necessary work to kill him, as it was surely my duty to avenge my father’s injured honor, which is all I have done!

dutynounUS /ˈduːti/

the social force that binds you to the courses of action demanded by that force

From this reading Nor am I sure that it was not a necessary work to kill him, as it was surely my duty to avenge my father’s injured honor, which is all I have done!

father'snounUS /ˈfɑːðərz/

possessive form of “father” — a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading Nor am I sure that it was not a necessary work to kill him, as it was surely my duty to avenge my father’s injured honor, which is all I have done!

givenadjectiveUS /ˈɡɪvən/

acknowledged as a supposition

From this reading Upon these grounds has a good, honest priest this day given me absolution, and I now stand before you pure and sinless as a maiden!

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading Upon these grounds has a good, honest priest this day given me absolution, and I now stand before you pure and sinless as a maiden!

groundsnounUS /ɡraʊndz/

your basis for belief or disbelief; knowledge on which to base belief

From this reading Upon these grounds has a good, honest priest this day given me absolution, and I now stand before you pure and sinless as a maiden!

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading My mother, of blessed memory, had many little adventures, and I think Carlo’s birth was somewhat connected with them.

half-brothernoun

a brother who has only one parent in common with you

From this reading “That is, he was so considered; but in reality I believe he was only a half-brother.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Upon these grounds has a good, honest priest this day given me absolution, and I now stand before you pure and sinless as a maiden!

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Nor am I sure that it was not a necessary work to kill him, as it was surely my duty to avenge my father’s injured honor, which is all I have done!

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading “That is, he was so considered; but in reality I believe he was only a half-brother.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Nor am I sure that it was not a necessary work to kill him, as it was surely my duty to avenge my father’s injured honor, which is all I have done!

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Ribas shrugged his shoulders.

honestadjectiveUS /ˈɑːnəst/

not disposed to cheat or defraud; not deceptive or fraudulent

From this reading Upon these grounds has a good, honest priest this day given me absolution, and I now stand before you pure and sinless as a maiden!

honornounUS /ˈɑːnər/

a tangible symbol signifying approval or distinction

From this reading Nor am I sure that it was not a necessary work to kill him, as it was surely my duty to avenge my father’s injured honor, which is all I have done!

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading “That is, he was so considered; but in reality I believe he was only a half-brother.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading “That is, he was so considered; but in reality I believe he was only a half-brother.

injuredadjectiveUS /ˈɪndʒərd/

harmed

From this reading Nor am I sure that it was not a necessary work to kill him, as it was surely my duty to avenge my father’s injured honor, which is all I have done!

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading “That is, he was so considered; but in reality I believe he was only a half-brother.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Nor am I sure that it was not a necessary work to kill him, as it was surely my duty to avenge my father’s injured honor, which is all I have done!

killverbUS /kɪl/

cause to die; put to death, usually intentionally or knowingly

From this reading Nor am I sure that it was not a necessary work to kill him, as it was surely my duty to avenge my father’s injured honor, which is all I have done!

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading My mother, of blessed memory, had many little adventures, and I think Carlo’s birth was somewhat connected with them.

maidennounUS /ˈmeɪdən/

an unmarried girl (especially a virgin)

From this reading Upon these grounds has a good, honest priest this day given me absolution, and I now stand before you pure and sinless as a maiden!

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading My mother, of blessed memory, had many little adventures, and I think Carlo’s birth was somewhat connected with them.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Upon these grounds has a good, honest priest this day given me absolution, and I now stand before you pure and sinless as a maiden!

memorynounUS /ˈmem.ər.i/

The faculty by which the mind stores and remembers information and knowledge.

From this reading My mother, of blessed memory, had many little adventures, and I think Carlo’s birth was somewhat connected with them.

mothernounUS /ˈmʌðər/

a woman who has given birth to a child (also used as a term of address to your mother)

From this reading My mother, of blessed memory, had many little adventures, and I think Carlo’s birth was somewhat connected with them.

MydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading My mother, of blessed memory, had many little adventures, and I think Carlo’s birth was somewhat connected with them.

necessaryadjectiveUS /ˈnesəseri/

absolutely essential

From this reading Nor am I sure that it was not a necessary work to kill him, as it was surely my duty to avenge my father’s injured honor, which is all I have done!

NorconjunctionUS /nɔːr/

and not; used after a negative to add a second negative

From this reading Nor am I sure that it was not a necessary work to kill him, as it was surely my duty to avenge my father’s injured honor, which is all I have done!

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Nor am I sure that it was not a necessary work to kill him, as it was surely my duty to avenge my father’s injured honor, which is all I have done!

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Upon these grounds has a good, honest priest this day given me absolution, and I now stand before you pure and sinless as a maiden!

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading My mother, of blessed memory, had many little adventures, and I think Carlo’s birth was somewhat connected with them.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading “That is, he was so considered; but in reality I believe he was only a half-brother.

priestnounUS /priːst/

a clergyman in Christian churches who has the authority to perform or administer various religious rites; one of the Holy Orders

From this reading Upon these grounds has a good, honest priest this day given me absolution, and I now stand before you pure and sinless as a maiden!

pureadjectiveUS /pjʊr/

free of extraneous elements of any kind

From this reading Upon these grounds has a good, honest priest this day given me absolution, and I now stand before you pure and sinless as a maiden!

realitynounUS /ˌriːˈælətiː/

all of your experiences that determine how things appear to you

From this reading “That is, he was so considered; but in reality I believe he was only a half-brother.

Ribas

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ribas shrugged his shoulders.

shouldersnounUS /ˈʃoʊldərz/

plural of “shoulder” — the part of the body between the neck and the upper arm

From this reading Ribas shrugged his shoulders.

shruggedverbUS /ʃrʌɡd/

inflected form of “shrug” — raise one's shoulders to indicate indifference or resignation

From this reading Ribas shrugged his shoulders.

sinlessadjective

free from sin

From this reading Upon these grounds has a good, honest priest this day given me absolution, and I now stand before you pure and sinless as a maiden!

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading “That is, he was so considered; but in reality I believe he was only a half-brother.

somewhatadverbUS /ˈsʌmˈwʌt/

to a small degree or extent

From this reading My mother, of blessed memory, had many little adventures, and I think Carlo’s birth was somewhat connected with them.

standverbUS /stænd/

be standing; be upright

From this reading Upon these grounds has a good, honest priest this day given me absolution, and I now stand before you pure and sinless as a maiden!

sureadjectiveUS /ʃʊr/

having or feeling no doubt or uncertainty; confident and assured

From this reading Nor am I sure that it was not a necessary work to kill him, as it was surely my duty to avenge my father’s injured honor, which is all I have done!

surelyadverbUS /ˈʃʊrli/

definitely or positively (“sure” is sometimes used informally for “surely”)

From this reading Nor am I sure that it was not a necessary work to kill him, as it was surely my duty to avenge my father’s injured honor, which is all I have done!

ThatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading “That is, he was so considered; but in reality I believe he was only a half-brother.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading My mother, of blessed memory, had many little adventures, and I think Carlo’s birth was somewhat connected with them.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading Upon these grounds has a good, honest priest this day given me absolution, and I now stand before you pure and sinless as a maiden!

thinkverbUS /θɪŋk/

judge or regard; look upon; judge

From this reading My mother, of blessed memory, had many little adventures, and I think Carlo’s birth was somewhat connected with them.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Upon these grounds has a good, honest priest this day given me absolution, and I now stand before you pure and sinless as a maiden!

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Nor am I sure that it was not a necessary work to kill him, as it was surely my duty to avenge my father’s injured honor, which is all I have done!

UponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading Upon these grounds has a good, honest priest this day given me absolution, and I now stand before you pure and sinless as a maiden!

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading “That is, he was so considered; but in reality I believe he was only a half-brother.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Nor am I sure that it was not a necessary work to kill him, as it was surely my duty to avenge my father’s injured honor, which is all I have done!

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading My mother, of blessed memory, had many little adventures, and I think Carlo’s birth was somewhat connected with them.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading Nor am I sure that it was not a necessary work to kill him, as it was surely my duty to avenge my father’s injured honor, which is all I have done!

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading Upon these grounds has a good, honest priest this day given me absolution, and I now stand before you pure and sinless as a maiden!

Chapter 31 of The Daughter of an Empress by L. (Luise) Mühlbach holds 171 sentences, grouped into 35 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 31 of The Daughter of an Empress contain?

Chapter 31 holds 171 sentences of The Daughter of an Empress, unabridged, divided into 35 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 31 of The Daughter of an Empress by L. (Luise) Mühlbach exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 171 sentences, grouped into 35 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 31 of The Daughter of an Empress?

Work through the 35 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 35 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 31 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 31 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Daughter of an Empress

Common questions about reading The Daughter of an Empress by L. (Luise) Mühlbach on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Daughter of an Empress?

Yes. All 6110 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #2132 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Daughter of an Empress is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #2132, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Daughter of an Empress take to read?

About 509 minutes of reading across 1222 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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How to work through The Daughter of an Empress section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  3. Listen and tap

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Vocabulary met early in The Daughter of an Empress

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Daughter of an Empress, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Countess
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Daughter of an Empress; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Natalie
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Daughter of an Empress; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Dolgorucki
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Daughter of an Empress; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Count
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Daughter of an Empress; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.