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The Daughter of the Commandant
The Daughter of the Commandant

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Daughter of the Commandant is here in full — 190 sentences across 38 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/38 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Authoress of "Mamma's Black Nurse Stories," "West Indian Folklore" PREFACE.
ALEXKSANDR POUSHKIN, the Poet, was born at Petersburg in 1799 of good family, and died before he was forty, in the prime of his genius.
The novel here offered to the public is considered by Russians his best prose work.
Others are _Boris Godúnof_, a dramatic sketch, but never intended to be put on the stage, and _The Prisoner of the Caucasus_.
Among his poems are "The Gipsies," "Rúslan and Ludmilla," "The Fountain of Tears," and "Evgeni Onéghin."
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Daughter of the Commandant

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Daughter of the Commandant is here in full — 190 sentences across 38 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/38 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Authoress of "Mamma's Black Nurse Stories," "West Indian Folklore" PREFACE.
Line 2
ALEXKSANDR POUSHKIN, the Poet, was born at Petersburg in 1799 of good family, and died before he was forty, in the prime of his genius.
Line 3
The novel here offered to the public is considered by Russians his best prose work.
/ðə ˈnɑːvəl hiːr ˈɔːfərd tuː ðə ˈpʌblɪk ɪz kənˈsɪdərd baɪ ˈrʌʃənz hɪz best proʊz wɜːrk/
Line 4
Others are _Boris Godúnof_, a dramatic sketch, but never intended to be put on the stage, and _The Prisoner of the Caucasus_.
Line 5
Among his poems are "The Gipsies," "Rúslan and Ludmilla," "The Fountain of Tears," and "Evgeni Onéghin."

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Caucasus noun US /ˈkɔːkəsəs/

the mountain range in Caucasia between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea that forms part of the traditional border between Europe and Asia

dramatic adjective US /drəˈmætɪk/

suitable to or characteristic of drama

From this reading “Others are _Boris Godúnof_, a dramatic sketch, but never intended to be put on the stage, and _The Prisoner of the Caucasus_.”

Folklore noun US /ˈfoʊklɔːr/

the unwritten lore (stories and proverbs and riddles and songs) of a culture

From this reading “Authoress of "Mamma's Black Nurse Stories," "West Indian Folklore" PREFACE.”

Petersburg noun US /ˈpiːtərzbərɡ/

a town in southeastern Virginia (south of Richmond); scene of heavy fighting during the American Civil War

From this reading “ALEXKSANDR POUSHKIN, the Poet, was born at Petersburg in 1799 of good family, and died before he was forty, in the prime of his genius.”

preface noun US /ˈprefəs/

a short introductory essay preceding the text of a book

From this reading “Authoress of "Mamma's Black Nurse Stories," "West Indian Folklore" PREFACE.”

prose noun US /proʊz/

ordinary writing as distinguished from verse

From this reading “The novel here offered to the public is considered by Russians his best prose work.”

Russians noun US /ˈrʌʃənz/

plural of “russian” — a native or inhabitant of Russia

From this reading “The novel here offered to the public is considered by Russians his best prose work.”

sketch noun US /sketʃ/

preliminary drawing for later elaboration

From this reading “Others are _Boris Godúnof_, a dramatic sketch, but never intended to be put on the stage, and _The Prisoner of the Caucasus_.”

All words in this reading · 67

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1799

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading ALEXKSANDR POUSHKIN, the Poet, was born at Petersburg in 1799 of good family, and died before he was forty, in the prime of his genius.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Others are _Boris Godúnof_, a dramatic sketch, but never intended to be put on the stage, and _The Prisoner of the Caucasus_.

ALEXKSANDR

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading ALEXKSANDR POUSHKIN, the Poet, was born at Petersburg in 1799 of good family, and died before he was forty, in the prime of his genius.

AmongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading Among his poems are "The Gipsies," "Rúslan and Ludmilla," "The Fountain of Tears," and "Evgeni Onéghin."

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading ALEXKSANDR POUSHKIN, the Poet, was born at Petersburg in 1799 of good family, and died before he was forty, in the prime of his genius.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Others are _Boris Godúnof_, a dramatic sketch, but never intended to be put on the stage, and _The Prisoner of the Caucasus_.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading ALEXKSANDR POUSHKIN, the Poet, was born at Petersburg in 1799 of good family, and died before he was forty, in the prime of his genius.

Authoressnoun

a woman author

From this reading Authoress of "Mamma's Black Nurse Stories," "West Indian Folklore" PREFACE.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Others are _Boris Godúnof_, a dramatic sketch, but never intended to be put on the stage, and _The Prisoner of the Caucasus_.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading ALEXKSANDR POUSHKIN, the Poet, was born at Petersburg in 1799 of good family, and died before he was forty, in the prime of his genius.

bestnounUS /best/

the supreme effort one can make

From this reading The novel here offered to the public is considered by Russians his best prose work.

BlackadjectiveUS /blæk/

being of the achromatic color of maximum darkness; having little or no hue owing to absorption of almost all incident light

From this reading Authoress of "Mamma's Black Nurse Stories," "West Indian Folklore" PREFACE.

Boris

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Others are _Boris Godúnof_, a dramatic sketch, but never intended to be put on the stage, and _The Prisoner of the Caucasus_.

bornadjectiveUS /bɔːrn/

brought into existence

From this reading ALEXKSANDR POUSHKIN, the Poet, was born at Petersburg in 1799 of good family, and died before he was forty, in the prime of his genius.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Others are _Boris Godúnof_, a dramatic sketch, but never intended to be put on the stage, and _The Prisoner of the Caucasus_.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The novel here offered to the public is considered by Russians his best prose work.

CaucasusnounUS /ˈkɔːkəsəs/

the mountain range in Caucasia between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea that forms part of the traditional border between Europe and Asia

From this reading Others are _Boris Godúnof_, a dramatic sketch, but never intended to be put on the stage, and _The Prisoner of the Caucasus_.

consideredadjectiveUS /kənˈsɪdərd/

carefully weighed

From this reading The novel here offered to the public is considered by Russians his best prose work.

diedverbUS /daɪd/

past form of “die” — pass from physical life and lose all bodily attributes and functions necessary to sustain life

From this reading ALEXKSANDR POUSHKIN, the Poet, was born at Petersburg in 1799 of good family, and died before he was forty, in the prime of his genius.

dramaticadjectiveUS /drəˈmætɪk/

suitable to or characteristic of drama

From this reading Others are _Boris Godúnof_, a dramatic sketch, but never intended to be put on the stage, and _The Prisoner of the Caucasus_.

Evgeni

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Among his poems are "The Gipsies," "Rúslan and Ludmilla," "The Fountain of Tears," and "Evgeni Onéghin."

familynounUS /ˈfæməli/

a social unit living together

From this reading ALEXKSANDR POUSHKIN, the Poet, was born at Petersburg in 1799 of good family, and died before he was forty, in the prime of his genius.

FolklorenounUS /ˈfoʊklɔːr/

the unwritten lore (stories and proverbs and riddles and songs) of a culture

From this reading Authoress of "Mamma's Black Nurse Stories," "West Indian Folklore" PREFACE.

fortyadjectiveUS /ˈfɔːrti/

being ten more than thirty

From this reading ALEXKSANDR POUSHKIN, the Poet, was born at Petersburg in 1799 of good family, and died before he was forty, in the prime of his genius.

FountainnounUS /ˈfaʊntən/

a structure from which an artificially produced jet of water arises

From this reading Among his poems are "The Gipsies," "Rúslan and Ludmilla," "The Fountain of Tears," and "Evgeni Onéghin."

geniusnounUS /ˈdʒiːnjəs/

someone who has exceptional intellectual ability and originality

From this reading ALEXKSANDR POUSHKIN, the Poet, was born at Petersburg in 1799 of good family, and died before he was forty, in the prime of his genius.

Gipsies

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Among his poems are "The Gipsies," "Rúslan and Ludmilla," "The Fountain of Tears," and "Evgeni Onéghin."

Godúnof

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Others are _Boris Godúnof_, a dramatic sketch, but never intended to be put on the stage, and _The Prisoner of the Caucasus_.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading ALEXKSANDR POUSHKIN, the Poet, was born at Petersburg in 1799 of good family, and died before he was forty, in the prime of his genius.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading ALEXKSANDR POUSHKIN, the Poet, was born at Petersburg in 1799 of good family, and died before he was forty, in the prime of his genius.

hereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading The novel here offered to the public is considered by Russians his best prose work.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading ALEXKSANDR POUSHKIN, the Poet, was born at Petersburg in 1799 of good family, and died before he was forty, in the prime of his genius.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading ALEXKSANDR POUSHKIN, the Poet, was born at Petersburg in 1799 of good family, and died before he was forty, in the prime of his genius.

IndianadjectiveUS /ˈɪndiən/

of or relating to or characteristic of India or the East Indies or their peoples or languages or cultures

From this reading Authoress of "Mamma's Black Nurse Stories," "West Indian Folklore" PREFACE.

intendedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈtendɪd/

resulting from one's intentions

From this reading Others are _Boris Godúnof_, a dramatic sketch, but never intended to be put on the stage, and _The Prisoner of the Caucasus_.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The novel here offered to the public is considered by Russians his best prose work.

Ludmilla

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Among his poems are "The Gipsies," "Rúslan and Ludmilla," "The Fountain of Tears," and "Evgeni Onéghin."

Mamma's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Authoress of "Mamma's Black Nurse Stories," "West Indian Folklore" PREFACE.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading Others are _Boris Godúnof_, a dramatic sketch, but never intended to be put on the stage, and _The Prisoner of the Caucasus_.

novelnounUS /ˈnɑːvəl/

an extended fictional work in prose; usually in the form of a story

From this reading The novel here offered to the public is considered by Russians his best prose work.

NurseverbUS /nɜːrs/

try to cure by special care of treatment, of an illness or injury

From this reading Authoress of "Mamma's Black Nurse Stories," "West Indian Folklore" PREFACE.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Authoress of "Mamma's Black Nurse Stories," "West Indian Folklore" PREFACE.

offeredverbUS /ˈɔːfərd/

past form of “offer” — make available or accessible, provide or furnish

From this reading The novel here offered to the public is considered by Russians his best prose work.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Others are _Boris Godúnof_, a dramatic sketch, but never intended to be put on the stage, and _The Prisoner of the Caucasus_.

Onéghin

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Among his poems are "The Gipsies," "Rúslan and Ludmilla," "The Fountain of Tears," and "Evgeni Onéghin."

Others

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Others are _Boris Godúnof_, a dramatic sketch, but never intended to be put on the stage, and _The Prisoner of the Caucasus_.

PetersburgnounUS /ˈpiːtərzbərɡ/

a town in southeastern Virginia (south of Richmond); scene of heavy fighting during the American Civil War

From this reading ALEXKSANDR POUSHKIN, the Poet, was born at Petersburg in 1799 of good family, and died before he was forty, in the prime of his genius.

poemsnounUS /ˈpoʊəmz/

plural of “poem” — a composition written in metrical feet forming rhythmical lines

From this reading Among his poems are "The Gipsies," "Rúslan and Ludmilla," "The Fountain of Tears," and "Evgeni Onéghin."

PoetnounUS /ˈpoʊət/

a writer of poems (the term is usually reserved for writers of good poetry)

From this reading ALEXKSANDR POUSHKIN, the Poet, was born at Petersburg in 1799 of good family, and died before he was forty, in the prime of his genius.

POUSHKIN

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading ALEXKSANDR POUSHKIN, the Poet, was born at Petersburg in 1799 of good family, and died before he was forty, in the prime of his genius.

PREFACEnounUS /ˈprefəs/

a short introductory essay preceding the text of a book

From this reading Authoress of "Mamma's Black Nurse Stories," "West Indian Folklore" PREFACE.

primeadjectiveUS /praɪm/

first in rank or degree

From this reading ALEXKSANDR POUSHKIN, the Poet, was born at Petersburg in 1799 of good family, and died before he was forty, in the prime of his genius.

PrisonernounUS /ˈprɪzənər/

a person who is confined; especially a prisoner of war

From this reading Others are _Boris Godúnof_, a dramatic sketch, but never intended to be put on the stage, and _The Prisoner of the Caucasus_.

prosenounUS /proʊz/

ordinary writing as distinguished from verse

From this reading The novel here offered to the public is considered by Russians his best prose work.

publicnounUS /ˈpʌblɪk/

people in general considered as a whole

From this reading The novel here offered to the public is considered by Russians his best prose work.

putverbUS /pʊt/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading Others are _Boris Godúnof_, a dramatic sketch, but never intended to be put on the stage, and _The Prisoner of the Caucasus_.

RussiansnounUS /ˈrʌʃənz/

plural of “russian” — a native or inhabitant of Russia

From this reading The novel here offered to the public is considered by Russians his best prose work.

Rúslan

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Among his poems are "The Gipsies," "Rúslan and Ludmilla," "The Fountain of Tears," and "Evgeni Onéghin."

sketchnounUS /sketʃ/

preliminary drawing for later elaboration

From this reading Others are _Boris Godúnof_, a dramatic sketch, but never intended to be put on the stage, and _The Prisoner of the Caucasus_.

stagenounUS /steɪdʒ/

any distinct time period in a sequence of events

From this reading Others are _Boris Godúnof_, a dramatic sketch, but never intended to be put on the stage, and _The Prisoner of the Caucasus_.

StoriesnounUS /ˈstɔːriz/

plural of “story” — a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading Authoress of "Mamma's Black Nurse Stories," "West Indian Folklore" PREFACE.

TearsnounUS /terz/

the process of shedding tears (usually accompanied by sobs or other inarticulate sounds)

From this reading Among his poems are "The Gipsies," "Rúslan and Ludmilla," "The Fountain of Tears," and "Evgeni Onéghin."

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading ALEXKSANDR POUSHKIN, the Poet, was born at Petersburg in 1799 of good family, and died before he was forty, in the prime of his genius.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The novel here offered to the public is considered by Russians his best prose work.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading ALEXKSANDR POUSHKIN, the Poet, was born at Petersburg in 1799 of good family, and died before he was forty, in the prime of his genius.

WestnounUS /west/

the countries of (originally) Europe and (now including) North America and South America

From this reading Authoress of "Mamma's Black Nurse Stories," "West Indian Folklore" PREFACE.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading The novel here offered to the public is considered by Russians his best prose work.

Chapter 1 of The Daughter of the Commandant by Aleksandr Sergeevich Pushkin holds 190 sentences, grouped into 38 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of The Daughter of the Commandant contain?

Chapter 1 holds 190 sentences of The Daughter of the Commandant, unabridged, divided into 38 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of The Daughter of the Commandant by Aleksandr Sergeevich Pushkin exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 190 sentences, grouped into 38 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of The Daughter of the Commandant?

Work through the 38 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 38 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #?, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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Vocabulary met early in The Daughter of the Commandant

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Daughter of the Commandant, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
One of the 0 chapters of The Daughter of the Commandant, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 2
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Chapter 3
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