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The Daughter of the Commandant
The Daughter of the Commandant

Chapter XII · Chapter 12

Chapter 12 of The Daughter of the Commandant is here in full — 167 sentences across 34 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/33 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE ORPHAN.
The "_kibitka"_ stopped before the door of the Commandant's house.
The inhabitants had recognized the little bell of Pugatchéf's team, and had assembled in a crowd.
Chvabrine came to meet the usurper; he was dressed as a Cossack, and had allowed his beard to grow.
The traitor helped Pugatchéf to get out of the carriage, expressing by obsequious words his zeal and joy.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Daughter of the Commandant

Chapter XII · Chapter 12

Chapter 12 of The Daughter of the Commandant is here in full — 167 sentences across 34 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/33 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE ORPHAN.
/ðə ˈɔːrfən/
Line 2
The "_kibitka"_ stopped before the door of the Commandant's house.
Line 3
The inhabitants had recognized the little bell of Pugatchéf's team, and had assembled in a crowd.
Line 4
Chvabrine came to meet the usurper; he was dressed as a Cossack, and had allowed his beard to grow.
Line 5
The traitor helped Pugatchéf to get out of the carriage, expressing by obsequious words his zeal and joy.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

assembled verb US /əˈsembəld/

past form of “assemble” — create by putting components or members together

From this reading “The inhabitants had recognized the little bell of Pugatchéf's team, and had assembled in a crowd.”

Cossack noun US /ˈkɔːsək/

a member of a Slavic people living in southern European Russia and Ukraine and adjacent parts of Asia and noted for their horsemanship and military skill; they formed an elite cavalry corps in czarist Russia

From this reading “Chvabrine came to meet the usurper; he was dressed as a Cossack, and had allowed his beard to grow.”

expressing verb US /ɪkˈspresɪŋ/

-ing form of “express” — give expression to

From this reading “The traitor helped Pugatchéf to get out of the carriage, expressing by obsequious words his zeal and joy.”

obsequious adjective US /əbˈsiːkwiəs/

attempting to win favor from influential people by flattery

From this reading “The traitor helped Pugatchéf to get out of the carriage, expressing by obsequious words his zeal and joy.”

orphan noun US /ˈɔːrfən/

a child who has lost both parents

From this reading “THE ORPHAN.”

team noun US /tiːm/

a cooperative unit (especially in sports)

From this reading “The inhabitants had recognized the little bell of Pugatchéf's team, and had assembled in a crowd.”

traitor noun US /ˈtreɪtər/

someone who betrays his country by committing treason

From this reading “The traitor helped Pugatchéf to get out of the carriage, expressing by obsequious words his zeal and joy.”

zeal noun US /ziːl/

a feeling of strong eagerness (usually in favor of a person or cause)

From this reading “The traitor helped Pugatchéf to get out of the carriage, expressing by obsequious words his zeal and joy.”

All words in this reading · 47

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The inhabitants had recognized the little bell of Pugatchéf's team, and had assembled in a crowd.

allowedverbUS /əˈlaʊd/

past form of “allow” — make it possible through a specific action or lack of action for something to happen

From this reading Chvabrine came to meet the usurper; he was dressed as a Cossack, and had allowed his beard to grow.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The inhabitants had recognized the little bell of Pugatchéf's team, and had assembled in a crowd.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Chvabrine came to meet the usurper; he was dressed as a Cossack, and had allowed his beard to grow.

assembledverbUS /əˈsembəld/

past form of “assemble” — create by putting components or members together

From this reading The inhabitants had recognized the little bell of Pugatchéf's team, and had assembled in a crowd.

beardnounUS /bɪrd/

the hair growing on the lower part of a man's face

From this reading Chvabrine came to meet the usurper; he was dressed as a Cossack, and had allowed his beard to grow.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading The "_kibitka"_ stopped before the door of the Commandant's house.

bellnounUS /bel/

a hollow device made of metal that makes a ringing sound when struck

From this reading The inhabitants had recognized the little bell of Pugatchéf's team, and had assembled in a crowd.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The traitor helped Pugatchéf to get out of the carriage, expressing by obsequious words his zeal and joy.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading Chvabrine came to meet the usurper; he was dressed as a Cossack, and had allowed his beard to grow.

carriagenounUS /ˈkærɪdʒ/

a railcar where passengers ride

From this reading The traitor helped Pugatchéf to get out of the carriage, expressing by obsequious words his zeal and joy.

Chvabrine

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Chvabrine came to meet the usurper; he was dressed as a Cossack, and had allowed his beard to grow.

Commandant's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The "_kibitka"_ stopped before the door of the Commandant's house.

CossacknounUS /ˈkɔːsək/

a member of a Slavic people living in southern European Russia and Ukraine and adjacent parts of Asia and noted for their horsemanship and military skill; they formed an elite cavalry corps in czarist Russia

From this reading Chvabrine came to meet the usurper; he was dressed as a Cossack, and had allowed his beard to grow.

crowdverbUS /kraʊd/

cause to herd, drive, or crowd together

From this reading The inhabitants had recognized the little bell of Pugatchéf's team, and had assembled in a crowd.

doornounUS /dɔːr/

a swinging or sliding barrier that will close the entrance to a room or building or vehicle

From this reading The "_kibitka"_ stopped before the door of the Commandant's house.

dressedadjectiveUS /drest/

dressed or clothed especially in fine attire; often used in combination

From this reading Chvabrine came to meet the usurper; he was dressed as a Cossack, and had allowed his beard to grow.

expressingverbUS /ɪkˈspresɪŋ/

-ing form of “express” — give expression to

From this reading The traitor helped Pugatchéf to get out of the carriage, expressing by obsequious words his zeal and joy.

getverbUS /ɡet/

come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading The traitor helped Pugatchéf to get out of the carriage, expressing by obsequious words his zeal and joy.

growverbUS /ɡroʊ/

pass into a condition gradually, take on a specific property or attribute; become

From this reading Chvabrine came to meet the usurper; he was dressed as a Cossack, and had allowed his beard to grow.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The inhabitants had recognized the little bell of Pugatchéf's team, and had assembled in a crowd.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Chvabrine came to meet the usurper; he was dressed as a Cossack, and had allowed his beard to grow.

helpedverbUS /helpt/

past form of “help” — give help or assistance; be of service

From this reading The traitor helped Pugatchéf to get out of the carriage, expressing by obsequious words his zeal and joy.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Chvabrine came to meet the usurper; he was dressed as a Cossack, and had allowed his beard to grow.

housenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading The "_kibitka"_ stopped before the door of the Commandant's house.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The inhabitants had recognized the little bell of Pugatchéf's team, and had assembled in a crowd.

inhabitantsnounUS /ɪnˈhæbətənts/

plural of “inhabitant” — a person who inhabits a particular place

From this reading The inhabitants had recognized the little bell of Pugatchéf's team, and had assembled in a crowd.

joynounUS /dʒɔɪ/

the emotion of great happiness

From this reading The traitor helped Pugatchéf to get out of the carriage, expressing by obsequious words his zeal and joy.

kibitka

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The "_kibitka"_ stopped before the door of the Commandant's house.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading The inhabitants had recognized the little bell of Pugatchéf's team, and had assembled in a crowd.

meetverbUS /miːt/

come together

From this reading Chvabrine came to meet the usurper; he was dressed as a Cossack, and had allowed his beard to grow.

obsequiousadjectiveUS /əbˈsiːkwiəs/

attempting to win favor from influential people by flattery

From this reading The traitor helped Pugatchéf to get out of the carriage, expressing by obsequious words his zeal and joy.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The "_kibitka"_ stopped before the door of the Commandant's house.

ORPHANnounUS /ˈɔːrfən/

a child who has lost both parents

From this reading THE ORPHAN.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading The traitor helped Pugatchéf to get out of the carriage, expressing by obsequious words his zeal and joy.

Pugatchéf

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The traitor helped Pugatchéf to get out of the carriage, expressing by obsequious words his zeal and joy.

Pugatchéf's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The inhabitants had recognized the little bell of Pugatchéf's team, and had assembled in a crowd.

recognizedadjectiveUS /ˈrekəɡnaɪzd/

generally approved or compelling recognition

From this reading The inhabitants had recognized the little bell of Pugatchéf's team, and had assembled in a crowd.

stoppedadjectiveUS /stɑːpt/

(of a nose) blocked

From this reading The "_kibitka"_ stopped before the door of the Commandant's house.

teamnounUS /tiːm/

a cooperative unit (especially in sports)

From this reading The inhabitants had recognized the little bell of Pugatchéf's team, and had assembled in a crowd.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE ORPHAN.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Chvabrine came to meet the usurper; he was dressed as a Cossack, and had allowed his beard to grow.

traitornounUS /ˈtreɪtər/

someone who betrays his country by committing treason

From this reading The traitor helped Pugatchéf to get out of the carriage, expressing by obsequious words his zeal and joy.

usurpernoun

one who wrongfully or illegally seizes and holds the place of another

From this reading Chvabrine came to meet the usurper; he was dressed as a Cossack, and had allowed his beard to grow.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Chvabrine came to meet the usurper; he was dressed as a Cossack, and had allowed his beard to grow.

wordsnounUS /wɜːrdz/

the words that are spoken

From this reading The traitor helped Pugatchéf to get out of the carriage, expressing by obsequious words his zeal and joy.

zealnounUS /ziːl/

a feeling of strong eagerness (usually in favor of a person or cause)

From this reading The traitor helped Pugatchéf to get out of the carriage, expressing by obsequious words his zeal and joy.

Chapter 12 of The Daughter of the Commandant by Aleksandr Sergeevich Pushkin holds 167 sentences, grouped into 34 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 12 of The Daughter of the Commandant contain?

Chapter 12 holds 167 sentences of The Daughter of the Commandant, unabridged, divided into 34 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 12 of The Daughter of the Commandant by Aleksandr Sergeevich Pushkin exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 167 sentences, grouped into 34 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 12 of The Daughter of the Commandant?

Work through the 34 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 34 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 12 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 12 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Daughter of the Commandant

Common questions about reading The Daughter of the Commandant by Aleksandr Sergeevich Pushkin on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Daughter of the Commandant?

Yes. All 0 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #? are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Daughter of the Commandant is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #?, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Daughter of the Commandant take to read?

About 5 minutes of reading across 0 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in The Daughter of the Commandant

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Daughter of the Commandant, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
One of the 0 chapters of The Daughter of the Commandant, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 2
One of the 0 chapters of The Daughter of the Commandant, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 3
One of the 0 chapters of The Daughter of the Commandant, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.