Chapter XVIII

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The French, aware of the vital importance of keeping possession of a hill on their right, as soon as their troops began to fall back before those battalions sent forward by General Steinmetz, threw up some earthen works, in rear of which their 62nd regiment of the line lay down, while several batteries of artillery fired over their heads, raining grape and shell upon the fast-advancing Prussians.

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading We must now devote a short chapter to the fate of young Frankenburg.

an officer who acts as military assistant to a more senior officer

From this reading Ignorant that his friend Pierrepont had fallen--and a knowledge thereof would have served the latter but little--Heinrich, in his present capacity of adjutant, had to keep at his post and go on with the regiment, which, like the others, carried all before it.

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Ignorant that his friend Pierrepont had fallen--and a knowledge thereof would have served the latter but little--Heinrich, in his present capacity of adjutant, had to keep at his post and go on with the regiment, which, like the others, carried all before it.

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Ignorant that his friend Pierrepont had fallen--and a knowledge thereof would have served the latter but little--Heinrich, in his present capacity of adjutant, had to keep at his post and go on with the regiment, which, like the others, carried all before it.

large but transportable armament

From this reading The French, aware of the vital importance of keeping possession of a hill on their right, as soon as their troops began to fall back before those battalions sent forward by General Steinmetz, threw up some earthen works, in rear of which their 62nd regiment of the line lay down, while several batteries of artillery fired over their heads, raining grape and shell upon the fast-advancing Prussians.

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The French, aware of the vital importance of keeping possession of a hill on their right, as soon as their troops began to fall back before those battalions sent forward by General Steinmetz, threw up some earthen works, in rear of which their 62nd regiment of the line lay down, while several batteries of artillery fired over their heads, raining grape and shell upon the fast-advancing Prussians.

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Ignorant that his friend Pierrepont had fallen--and a knowledge thereof would have served the latter but little--Heinrich, in his present capacity of adjutant, had to keep at his post and go on with the regiment, which, like the others, carried all before it.

(sometimes followed by “of”) having or showing knowledge or understanding or realization or perception

From this reading The French, aware of the vital importance of keeping possession of a hill on their right, as soon as their troops began to fall back before those battalions sent forward by General Steinmetz, threw up some earthen works, in rear of which their 62nd regiment of the line lay down, while several batteries of artillery fired over their heads, raining grape and shell upon the fast-advancing Prussians.

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading The French, aware of the vital importance of keeping possession of a hill on their right, as soon as their troops began to fall back before those battalions sent forward by General Steinmetz, threw up some earthen works, in rear of which their 62nd regiment of the line lay down, while several batteries of artillery fired over their heads, raining grape and shell upon the fast-advancing Prussians.

plural of “battalion” — an army unit usually consisting of a headquarters and three or more companies

From this reading The French, aware of the vital importance of keeping possession of a hill on their right, as soon as their troops began to fall back before those battalions sent forward by General Steinmetz, threw up some earthen works, in rear of which their 62nd regiment of the line lay down, while several batteries of artillery fired over their heads, raining grape and shell upon the fast-advancing Prussians.

plural of “battery” — group of guns or missile launchers operated together at one place

From this reading The French, aware of the vital importance of keeping possession of a hill on their right, as soon as their troops began to fall back before those battalions sent forward by General Steinmetz, threw up some earthen works, in rear of which their 62nd regiment of the line lay down, while several batteries of artillery fired over their heads, raining grape and shell upon the fast-advancing Prussians.

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Ignorant that his friend Pierrepont had fallen--and a knowledge thereof would have served the latter but little--Heinrich, in his present capacity of adjutant, had to keep at his post and go on with the regiment, which, like the others, carried all before it.

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading The French, aware of the vital importance of keeping possession of a hill on their right, as soon as their troops began to fall back before those battalions sent forward by General Steinmetz, threw up some earthen works, in rear of which their 62nd regiment of the line lay down, while several batteries of artillery fired over their heads, raining grape and shell upon the fast-advancing Prussians.

the two together, not just one

From this reading For three hours the fighting was desperate there--the slaughter on both sides woeful!

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Ignorant that his friend Pierrepont had fallen--and a knowledge thereof would have served the latter but little--Heinrich, in his present capacity of adjutant, had to keep at his post and go on with the regiment, which, like the others, carried all before it.

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The French, aware of the vital importance of keeping possession of a hill on their right, as soon as their troops began to fall back before those battalions sent forward by General Steinmetz, threw up some earthen works, in rear of which their 62nd regiment of the line lay down, while several batteries of artillery fired over their heads, raining grape and shell upon the fast-advancing Prussians.

capability to perform or produce

From this reading Ignorant that his friend Pierrepont had fallen--and a knowledge thereof would have served the latter but little--Heinrich, in his present capacity of adjutant, had to keep at his post and go on with the regiment, which, like the others, carried all before it.

inflected form of “carry” — move while supporting, either in a vehicle or in one's hands or on one's body

From this reading Ignorant that his friend Pierrepont had fallen--and a knowledge thereof would have served the latter but little--Heinrich, in his present capacity of adjutant, had to keep at his post and go on with the regiment, which, like the others, carried all before it.

a subdivision of a written work; usually numbered and titled

From this reading We must now devote a short chapter to the fate of young Frankenburg.

arising from or marked by despair or loss of hope

From this reading For three hours the fighting was desperate there--the slaughter on both sides woeful!

give entirely to a specific person, activity, or cause

From this reading We must now devote a short chapter to the fate of young Frankenburg.

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading The French, aware of the vital importance of keeping possession of a hill on their right, as soon as their troops began to fall back before those battalions sent forward by General Steinmetz, threw up some earthen works, in rear of which their 62nd regiment of the line lay down, while several batteries of artillery fired over their heads, raining grape and shell upon the fast-advancing Prussians.

made of earth (or baked clay)

From this reading The French, aware of the vital importance of keeping possession of a hill on their right, as soon as their troops began to fall back before those battalions sent forward by General Steinmetz, threw up some earthen works, in rear of which their 62nd regiment of the line lay down, while several batteries of artillery fired over their heads, raining grape and shell upon the fast-advancing Prussians.

possessive form of “enemy” — an opposing military force

From this reading IN THE ENEMY'S HANDS.

descend in free fall under the influence of gravity

From this reading The French, aware of the vital importance of keeping possession of a hill on their right, as soon as their troops began to fall back before those battalions sent forward by General Steinmetz, threw up some earthen works, in rear of which their 62nd regiment of the line lay down, while several batteries of artillery fired over their heads, raining grape and shell upon the fast-advancing Prussians.

having dropped by the force of gravity

From this reading Ignorant that his friend Pierrepont had fallen--and a knowledge thereof would have served the latter but little--Heinrich, in his present capacity of adjutant, had to keep at his post and go on with the regiment, which, like the others, carried all before it.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The French, aware of the vital importance of keeping possession of a hill on their right, as soon as their troops began to fall back before those battalions sent forward by General Steinmetz, threw up some earthen works, in rear of which their 62nd regiment of the line lay down, while several batteries of artillery fired over their heads, raining grape and shell upon the fast-advancing Prussians.

an event (or a course of events) that will inevitably happen in the future

From this reading We must now devote a short chapter to the fate of young Frankenburg.

the act of fighting; any contest or struggle

From this reading For three hours the fighting was desperate there--the slaughter on both sides woeful!

having lost your job

From this reading The French, aware of the vital importance of keeping possession of a hill on their right, as soon as their troops began to fall back before those battalions sent forward by General Steinmetz, threw up some earthen works, in rear of which their 62nd regiment of the line lay down, while several batteries of artillery fired over their heads, raining grape and shell upon the fast-advancing Prussians.

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading For three hours the fighting was desperate there--the slaughter on both sides woeful!

at or to or toward the front

From this reading The French, aware of the vital importance of keeping possession of a hill on their right, as soon as their troops began to fall back before those battalions sent forward by General Steinmetz, threw up some earthen works, in rear of which their 62nd regiment of the line lay down, while several batteries of artillery fired over their heads, raining grape and shell upon the fast-advancing Prussians.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading We must now devote a short chapter to the fate of young Frankenburg.

the Romance language spoken in France and in countries colonized by France

From this reading The French, aware of the vital importance of keeping possession of a hill on their right, as soon as their troops began to fall back before those battalions sent forward by General Steinmetz, threw up some earthen works, in rear of which their 62nd regiment of the line lay down, while several batteries of artillery fired over their heads, raining grape and shell upon the fast-advancing Prussians.

a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading Ignorant that his friend Pierrepont had fallen--and a knowledge thereof would have served the latter but little--Heinrich, in his present capacity of adjutant, had to keep at his post and go on with the regiment, which, like the others, carried all before it.

applying to all or most members of a category or group

From this reading The French, aware of the vital importance of keeping possession of a hill on their right, as soon as their troops began to fall back before those battalions sent forward by General Steinmetz, threw up some earthen works, in rear of which their 62nd regiment of the line lay down, while several batteries of artillery fired over their heads, raining grape and shell upon the fast-advancing Prussians.

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading Ignorant that his friend Pierrepont had fallen--and a knowledge thereof would have served the latter but little--Heinrich, in his present capacity of adjutant, had to keep at his post and go on with the regiment, which, like the others, carried all before it.

any of various juicy fruit of the genus Vitis with green or purple skins; grow in clusters

From this reading The French, aware of the vital importance of keeping possession of a hill on their right, as soon as their troops began to fall back before those battalions sent forward by General Steinmetz, threw up some earthen works, in rear of which their 62nd regiment of the line lay down, while several batteries of artillery fired over their heads, raining grape and shell upon the fast-advancing Prussians.

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Ignorant that his friend Pierrepont had fallen--and a knowledge thereof would have served the latter but little--Heinrich, in his present capacity of adjutant, had to keep at his post and go on with the regiment, which, like the others, carried all before it.

(with “in”) guardianship over; in divorce cases it is the right to house and care for and discipline a child

From this reading IN THE ENEMY'S HANDS.

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Ignorant that his friend Pierrepont had fallen--and a knowledge thereof would have served the latter but little--Heinrich, in his present capacity of adjutant, had to keep at his post and go on with the regiment, which, like the others, carried all before it.

plural of “head” — the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading The French, aware of the vital importance of keeping possession of a hill on their right, as soon as their troops began to fall back before those battalions sent forward by General Steinmetz, threw up some earthen works, in rear of which their 62nd regiment of the line lay down, while several batteries of artillery fired over their heads, raining grape and shell upon the fast-advancing Prussians.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ignorant that his friend Pierrepont had fallen--and a knowledge thereof would have served the latter but little--Heinrich, in his present capacity of adjutant, had to keep at his post and go on with the regiment, which, like the others, carried all before it.

a local and well-defined elevation of the land

From this reading The French, aware of the vital importance of keeping possession of a hill on their right, as soon as their troops began to fall back before those battalions sent forward by General Steinmetz, threw up some earthen works, in rear of which their 62nd regiment of the line lay down, while several batteries of artillery fired over their heads, raining grape and shell upon the fast-advancing Prussians.

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Ignorant that his friend Pierrepont had fallen--and a knowledge thereof would have served the latter but little--Heinrich, in his present capacity of adjutant, had to keep at his post and go on with the regiment, which, like the others, carried all before it.

a period of time assigned for work

From this reading For three hours the fighting was desperate there--the slaughter on both sides woeful!

uneducated in general; lacking knowledge or sophistication

From this reading Ignorant that his friend Pierrepont had fallen--and a knowledge thereof would have served the latter but little--Heinrich, in his present capacity of adjutant, had to keep at his post and go on with the regiment, which, like the others, carried all before it.

the quality of being important and worthy of note

From this reading The French, aware of the vital importance of keeping possession of a hill on their right, as soon as their troops began to fall back before those battalions sent forward by General Steinmetz, threw up some earthen works, in rear of which their 62nd regiment of the line lay down, while several batteries of artillery fired over their heads, raining grape and shell upon the fast-advancing Prussians.

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading IN THE ENEMY'S HANDS.

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Ignorant that his friend Pierrepont had fallen--and a knowledge thereof would have served the latter but little--Heinrich, in his present capacity of adjutant, had to keep at his post and go on with the regiment, which, like the others, carried all before it.

cause to continue in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., “keep clean”

From this reading Ignorant that his friend Pierrepont had fallen--and a knowledge thereof would have served the latter but little--Heinrich, in his present capacity of adjutant, had to keep at his post and go on with the regiment, which, like the others, carried all before it.

conformity or harmony

From this reading The French, aware of the vital importance of keeping possession of a hill on their right, as soon as their troops began to fall back before those battalions sent forward by General Steinmetz, threw up some earthen works, in rear of which their 62nd regiment of the line lay down, while several batteries of artillery fired over their heads, raining grape and shell upon the fast-advancing Prussians.

the psychological result of perception and learning and reasoning

From this reading Ignorant that his friend Pierrepont had fallen--and a knowledge thereof would have served the latter but little--Heinrich, in his present capacity of adjutant, had to keep at his post and go on with the regiment, which, like the others, carried all before it.

referring to the second of two things or persons mentioned (or the last one or ones of several)

From this reading Ignorant that his friend Pierrepont had fallen--and a knowledge thereof would have served the latter but little--Heinrich, in his present capacity of adjutant, had to keep at his post and go on with the regiment, which, like the others, carried all before it.

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading The French, aware of the vital importance of keeping possession of a hill on their right, as soon as their troops began to fall back before those battalions sent forward by General Steinmetz, threw up some earthen works, in rear of which their 62nd regiment of the line lay down, while several batteries of artillery fired over their heads, raining grape and shell upon the fast-advancing Prussians.

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading Ignorant that his friend Pierrepont had fallen--and a knowledge thereof would have served the latter but little--Heinrich, in his present capacity of adjutant, had to keep at his post and go on with the regiment, which, like the others, carried all before it.

a formation of people or things one beside another

From this reading The French, aware of the vital importance of keeping possession of a hill on their right, as soon as their troops began to fall back before those battalions sent forward by General Steinmetz, threw up some earthen works, in rear of which their 62nd regiment of the line lay down, while several batteries of artillery fired over their heads, raining grape and shell upon the fast-advancing Prussians.

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Ignorant that his friend Pierrepont had fallen--and a knowledge thereof would have served the latter but little--Heinrich, in his present capacity of adjutant, had to keep at his post and go on with the regiment, which, like the others, carried all before it.

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading We must now devote a short chapter to the fate of young Frankenburg.

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading We must now devote a short chapter to the fate of young Frankenburg.

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading We must now devote a short chapter to the fate of young Frankenburg.

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Ignorant that his friend Pierrepont had fallen--and a knowledge thereof would have served the latter but little--Heinrich, in his present capacity of adjutant, had to keep at his post and go on with the regiment, which, like the others, carried all before it.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ignorant that his friend Pierrepont had fallen--and a knowledge thereof would have served the latter but little--Heinrich, in his present capacity of adjutant, had to keep at his post and go on with the regiment, which, like the others, carried all before it.

above and across; more than

From this reading The French, aware of the vital importance of keeping possession of a hill on their right, as soon as their troops began to fall back before those battalions sent forward by General Steinmetz, threw up some earthen works, in rear of which their 62nd regiment of the line lay down, while several batteries of artillery fired over their heads, raining grape and shell upon the fast-advancing Prussians.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ignorant that his friend Pierrepont had fallen--and a knowledge thereof would have served the latter but little--Heinrich, in his present capacity of adjutant, had to keep at his post and go on with the regiment, which, like the others, carried all before it.

the act of having and controlling property

From this reading The French, aware of the vital importance of keeping possession of a hill on their right, as soon as their troops began to fall back before those battalions sent forward by General Steinmetz, threw up some earthen works, in rear of which their 62nd regiment of the line lay down, while several batteries of artillery fired over their heads, raining grape and shell upon the fast-advancing Prussians.

affix in a public place or for public notice

From this reading Ignorant that his friend Pierrepont had fallen--and a knowledge thereof would have served the latter but little--Heinrich, in his present capacity of adjutant, had to keep at his post and go on with the regiment, which, like the others, carried all before it.

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading Ignorant that his friend Pierrepont had fallen--and a knowledge thereof would have served the latter but little--Heinrich, in his present capacity of adjutant, had to keep at his post and go on with the regiment, which, like the others, carried all before it.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The French, aware of the vital importance of keeping possession of a hill on their right, as soon as their troops began to fall back before those battalions sent forward by General Steinmetz, threw up some earthen works, in rear of which their 62nd regiment of the line lay down, while several batteries of artillery fired over their heads, raining grape and shell upon the fast-advancing Prussians.

falling in drops or as if falling like rain

From this reading The French, aware of the vital importance of keeping possession of a hill on their right, as soon as their troops began to fall back before those battalions sent forward by General Steinmetz, threw up some earthen works, in rear of which their 62nd regiment of the line lay down, while several batteries of artillery fired over their heads, raining grape and shell upon the fast-advancing Prussians.

the back of a military formation or procession

From this reading The French, aware of the vital importance of keeping possession of a hill on their right, as soon as their troops began to fall back before those battalions sent forward by General Steinmetz, threw up some earthen works, in rear of which their 62nd regiment of the line lay down, while several batteries of artillery fired over their heads, raining grape and shell upon the fast-advancing Prussians.

subject to rigid discipline, order, and systematization

From this reading Ignorant that his friend Pierrepont had fallen--and a knowledge thereof would have served the latter but little--Heinrich, in his present capacity of adjutant, had to keep at his post and go on with the regiment, which, like the others, carried all before it.

precisely, exactly

From this reading The French, aware of the vital importance of keeping possession of a hill on their right, as soon as their troops began to fall back before those battalions sent forward by General Steinmetz, threw up some earthen works, in rear of which their 62nd regiment of the line lay down, while several batteries of artillery fired over their heads, raining grape and shell upon the fast-advancing Prussians.

100 senti equal 1 kroon in Estonia

From this reading The French, aware of the vital importance of keeping possession of a hill on their right, as soon as their troops began to fall back before those battalions sent forward by General Steinmetz, threw up some earthen works, in rear of which their 62nd regiment of the line lay down, while several batteries of artillery fired over their heads, raining grape and shell upon the fast-advancing Prussians.

past form of “serve” — serve a purpose, role, or function

From this reading Ignorant that his friend Pierrepont had fallen--and a knowledge thereof would have served the latter but little--Heinrich, in his present capacity of adjutant, had to keep at his post and go on with the regiment, which, like the others, carried all before it.

(used with count nouns) of an indefinite number more than 2 or 3 but not many

From this reading The French, aware of the vital importance of keeping possession of a hill on their right, as soon as their troops began to fall back before those battalions sent forward by General Steinmetz, threw up some earthen works, in rear of which their 62nd regiment of the line lay down, while several batteries of artillery fired over their heads, raining grape and shell upon the fast-advancing Prussians.

ammunition consisting of a cylindrical metal casing containing an explosive charge and a projectile; fired from a large gun

From this reading The French, aware of the vital importance of keeping possession of a hill on their right, as soon as their troops began to fall back before those battalions sent forward by General Steinmetz, threw up some earthen works, in rear of which their 62nd regiment of the line lay down, while several batteries of artillery fired over their heads, raining grape and shell upon the fast-advancing Prussians.

primarily temporal sense; indicating or being or seeming to be limited in duration

From this reading We must now devote a short chapter to the fate of young Frankenburg.

plural of “side” — a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading For three hours the fighting was desperate there--the slaughter on both sides woeful!

the killing of animals (as for food)

From this reading For three hours the fighting was desperate there--the slaughter on both sides woeful!

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading The French, aware of the vital importance of keeping possession of a hill on their right, as soon as their troops began to fall back before those battalions sent forward by General Steinmetz, threw up some earthen works, in rear of which their 62nd regiment of the line lay down, while several batteries of artillery fired over their heads, raining grape and shell upon the fast-advancing Prussians.

in the near future

From this reading The French, aware of the vital importance of keeping possession of a hill on their right, as soon as their troops began to fall back before those battalions sent forward by General Steinmetz, threw up some earthen works, in rear of which their 62nd regiment of the line lay down, while several batteries of artillery fired over their heads, raining grape and shell upon the fast-advancing Prussians.

United States electrical engineer and inventor (born in Germany) (1865-1923)

From this reading The French, aware of the vital importance of keeping possession of a hill on their right, as soon as their troops began to fall back before those battalions sent forward by General Steinmetz, threw up some earthen works, in rear of which their 62nd regiment of the line lay down, while several batteries of artillery fired over their heads, raining grape and shell upon the fast-advancing Prussians.

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Ignorant that his friend Pierrepont had fallen--and a knowledge thereof would have served the latter but little--Heinrich, in his present capacity of adjutant, had to keep at his post and go on with the regiment, which, like the others, carried all before it.

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading IN THE ENEMY'S HANDS.

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The French, aware of the vital importance of keeping possession of a hill on their right, as soon as their troops began to fall back before those battalions sent forward by General Steinmetz, threw up some earthen works, in rear of which their 62nd regiment of the line lay down, while several batteries of artillery fired over their heads, raining grape and shell upon the fast-advancing Prussians.

in or at that place or location

From this reading For three hours the fighting was desperate there--the slaughter on both sides woeful!

of or concerning this or that

From this reading Ignorant that his friend Pierrepont had fallen--and a knowledge thereof would have served the latter but little--Heinrich, in his present capacity of adjutant, had to keep at his post and go on with the regiment, which, like the others, carried all before it.

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading The French, aware of the vital importance of keeping possession of a hill on their right, as soon as their troops began to fall back before those battalions sent forward by General Steinmetz, threw up some earthen works, in rear of which their 62nd regiment of the line lay down, while several batteries of artillery fired over their heads, raining grape and shell upon the fast-advancing Prussians.

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading For three hours the fighting was desperate there--the slaughter on both sides woeful!

inflected form of “throw” — propel through the air

From this reading The French, aware of the vital importance of keeping possession of a hill on their right, as soon as their troops began to fall back before those battalions sent forward by General Steinmetz, threw up some earthen works, in rear of which their 62nd regiment of the line lay down, while several batteries of artillery fired over their heads, raining grape and shell upon the fast-advancing Prussians.

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading We must now devote a short chapter to the fate of young Frankenburg.

soldiers collectively

From this reading The French, aware of the vital importance of keeping possession of a hill on their right, as soon as their troops began to fall back before those battalions sent forward by General Steinmetz, threw up some earthen works, in rear of which their 62nd regiment of the line lay down, while several batteries of artillery fired over their heads, raining grape and shell upon the fast-advancing Prussians.

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading The French, aware of the vital importance of keeping possession of a hill on their right, as soon as their troops began to fall back before those battalions sent forward by General Steinmetz, threw up some earthen works, in rear of which their 62nd regiment of the line lay down, while several batteries of artillery fired over their heads, raining grape and shell upon the fast-advancing Prussians.

a formal word for “on”

From this reading The French, aware of the vital importance of keeping possession of a hill on their right, as soon as their troops began to fall back before those battalions sent forward by General Steinmetz, threw up some earthen works, in rear of which their 62nd regiment of the line lay down, while several batteries of artillery fired over their heads, raining grape and shell upon the fast-advancing Prussians.

urgently needed; absolutely necessary

From this reading The French, aware of the vital importance of keeping possession of a hill on their right, as soon as their troops began to fall back before those battalions sent forward by General Steinmetz, threw up some earthen works, in rear of which their 62nd regiment of the line lay down, while several batteries of artillery fired over their heads, raining grape and shell upon the fast-advancing Prussians.

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading For three hours the fighting was desperate there--the slaughter on both sides woeful!

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading We must now devote a short chapter to the fate of young Frankenburg.

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Ignorant that his friend Pierrepont had fallen--and a knowledge thereof would have served the latter but little--Heinrich, in his present capacity of adjutant, had to keep at his post and go on with the regiment, which, like the others, carried all before it.

during the time that

From this reading The French, aware of the vital importance of keeping possession of a hill on their right, as soon as their troops began to fall back before those battalions sent forward by General Steinmetz, threw up some earthen works, in rear of which their 62nd regiment of the line lay down, while several batteries of artillery fired over their heads, raining grape and shell upon the fast-advancing Prussians.

in the company of; together with

From this reading Ignorant that his friend Pierrepont had fallen--and a knowledge thereof would have served the latter but little--Heinrich, in his present capacity of adjutant, had to keep at his post and go on with the regiment, which, like the others, carried all before it.

affected by or full of grief or woe

From this reading For three hours the fighting was desperate there--the slaughter on both sides woeful!

buildings for carrying on industrial labor

From this reading The French, aware of the vital importance of keeping possession of a hill on their right, as soon as their troops began to fall back before those battalions sent forward by General Steinmetz, threw up some earthen works, in rear of which their 62nd regiment of the line lay down, while several batteries of artillery fired over their heads, raining grape and shell upon the fast-advancing Prussians.

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading Ignorant that his friend Pierrepont had fallen--and a knowledge thereof would have served the latter but little--Heinrich, in his present capacity of adjutant, had to keep at his post and go on with the regiment, which, like the others, carried all before it.

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading We must now devote a short chapter to the fate of young Frankenburg.