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The defender
The defender

Chapter XIX

Chapter 19 of The defender is here in full — 37 sentences across 8 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The defender
Context Illustration Reading 1/7 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
It was several days before Turgen found time to return to the feeding ground with hay for the rams.
It troubled him that he had neglected them, but in honesty he had to admit that with Lad for company he did not think so often of the others.
He wondered whether he would miss them greatly should they abandon their mountain--providing, of course, they left Lad behind.
“But that is a dreadful thought,” he reproached himself the next instant.
“How could I take advantage of them by robbing them of their young one?
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The defender

Chapter XIX

Chapter 19 of The defender is here in full — 37 sentences across 8 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/7 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
It was several days before Turgen found time to return to the feeding ground with hay for the rams.
Line 2
It troubled him that he had neglected them, but in honesty he had to admit that with Lad for company he did not think so often of the others.
Line 3
He wondered whether he would miss them greatly should they abandon their mountain--providing, of course, they left Lad behind.
Line 4
“But that is a dreadful thought,” he reproached himself the next instant.
Line 5
“How could I take advantage of them by robbing them of their young one?

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

abandon verb US /əˈbændən/

forsake, leave behind

From this reading “He wondered whether he would miss them greatly should they abandon their mountain--providing, of course, they left Lad behind.”

feeding noun US /ˈfiːdɪŋ/

the act of consuming food

From this reading “It was several days before Turgen found time to return to the feeding ground with hay for the rams.”

hay noun US /heɪ/

grass mowed and cured for use as fodder

From this reading “It was several days before Turgen found time to return to the feeding ground with hay for the rams.”

honesty noun US /ˈɑːnəsti/

the quality of being honest

From this reading “It troubled him that he had neglected them, but in honesty he had to admit that with Lad for company he did not think so often of the others.”

neglected adjective US /nəˈɡlektəd/

disregarded

From this reading “It troubled him that he had neglected them, but in honesty he had to admit that with Lad for company he did not think so often of the others.”

providing verb US /prəˈvaɪdɪŋ/

-ing form of “provide” — give something useful or necessary to

From this reading “He wondered whether he would miss them greatly should they abandon their mountain--providing, of course, they left Lad behind.”

rams noun US /ræmz/

plural of “ram” — the most common computer memory which can be used by programs to perform necessary tasks while the computer is on

From this reading “It was several days before Turgen found time to return to the feeding ground with hay for the rams.”

robbing verb US /ˈrɑːbɪŋ/

inflected form of “rob” — take something away by force or without the consent of the owner

From this reading ““How could I take advantage of them by robbing them of their young one?”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

next instant adjective + noun

In this reading ““But that is a dreadful thought,” he reproached himself the next instant.”

several days adjective + noun

In this reading “It was several days before Turgen found time to return to the feeding ground with hay for the rams.”

take advantage verb + noun

draw advantages from

In this reading ““How could I take advantage of them by robbing them of their young one?”

of course preposition + noun

as might be expected

In this reading “He wondered whether he would miss them greatly should they abandon their mountain--providing, of course, they left Lad behind.”

All words in this reading · 68

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading “But that is a dreadful thought,” he reproached himself the next instant.

abandonverbUS /əˈbændən/

forsake, leave behind

From this reading He wondered whether he would miss them greatly should they abandon their mountain--providing, of course, they left Lad behind.

admitverbUS /ədˈmɪt/

declare to be true or admit the existence or reality or truth of

From this reading It troubled him that he had neglected them, but in honesty he had to admit that with Lad for company he did not think so often of the others.

advantagenounUS /ædˈvæntɪdʒ/

the quality of having a superior or more favorable position

From this reading “How could I take advantage of them by robbing them of their young one?

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading It was several days before Turgen found time to return to the feeding ground with hay for the rams.

behindprepositionUS /bɪˈhaɪnd/

at or toward the back of something

From this reading He wondered whether he would miss them greatly should they abandon their mountain--providing, of course, they left Lad behind.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading It troubled him that he had neglected them, but in honesty he had to admit that with Lad for company he did not think so often of the others.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading “How could I take advantage of them by robbing them of their young one?

companynounUS /ˈkʌmpəniː/

an institution created to conduct business

From this reading It troubled him that he had neglected them, but in honesty he had to admit that with Lad for company he did not think so often of the others.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading “How could I take advantage of them by robbing them of their young one?

coursenounUS /kɔːrs/

education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings

From this reading He wondered whether he would miss them greatly should they abandon their mountain--providing, of course, they left Lad behind.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading It was several days before Turgen found time to return to the feeding ground with hay for the rams.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading It troubled him that he had neglected them, but in honesty he had to admit that with Lad for company he did not think so often of the others.

dreadfuladjectiveUS /ˈdredfəl/

causing fear or dread or terror

From this reading “But that is a dreadful thought,” he reproached himself the next instant.

feedingnounUS /ˈfiːdɪŋ/

the act of consuming food

From this reading It was several days before Turgen found time to return to the feeding ground with hay for the rams.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading It was several days before Turgen found time to return to the feeding ground with hay for the rams.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading It was several days before Turgen found time to return to the feeding ground with hay for the rams.

greatlyadverbUS /ˈɡreɪtli/

to an extraordinary extent or degree

From this reading He wondered whether he would miss them greatly should they abandon their mountain--providing, of course, they left Lad behind.

groundnounUS /ɡraʊnd/

the solid part of the earth's surface

From this reading It was several days before Turgen found time to return to the feeding ground with hay for the rams.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading It troubled him that he had neglected them, but in honesty he had to admit that with Lad for company he did not think so often of the others.

haynounUS /heɪ/

grass mowed and cured for use as fodder

From this reading It was several days before Turgen found time to return to the feeding ground with hay for the rams.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading It troubled him that he had neglected them, but in honesty he had to admit that with Lad for company he did not think so often of the others.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading It troubled him that he had neglected them, but in honesty he had to admit that with Lad for company he did not think so often of the others.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading “But that is a dreadful thought,” he reproached himself the next instant.

honestynounUS /ˈɑːnəsti/

the quality of being honest

From this reading It troubled him that he had neglected them, but in honesty he had to admit that with Lad for company he did not think so often of the others.

How

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “How could I take advantage of them by robbing them of their young one?

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading “How could I take advantage of them by robbing them of their young one?

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading It troubled him that he had neglected them, but in honesty he had to admit that with Lad for company he did not think so often of the others.

instantnounUS /ˈɪnstənt/

a very short time (as the time it takes the eye to blink or the heart to beat)

From this reading “But that is a dreadful thought,” he reproached himself the next instant.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading “But that is a dreadful thought,” he reproached himself the next instant.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was several days before Turgen found time to return to the feeding ground with hay for the rams.

LadnounUS /læd/

a boy or man

From this reading It troubled him that he had neglected them, but in honesty he had to admit that with Lad for company he did not think so often of the others.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading He wondered whether he would miss them greatly should they abandon their mountain--providing, of course, they left Lad behind.

missverbUS /mɪs/

fail to perceive or to catch with the senses or the mind

From this reading He wondered whether he would miss them greatly should they abandon their mountain--providing, of course, they left Lad behind.

mountainnounUS /ˈmaʊntən/

a land mass that projects well above its surroundings; higher than a hill

From this reading He wondered whether he would miss them greatly should they abandon their mountain--providing, of course, they left Lad behind.

neglectedadjectiveUS /nəˈɡlektəd/

disregarded

From this reading It troubled him that he had neglected them, but in honesty he had to admit that with Lad for company he did not think so often of the others.

nextadjectiveUS /nekst/

immediately following in time or order

From this reading “But that is a dreadful thought,” he reproached himself the next instant.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading It troubled him that he had neglected them, but in honesty he had to admit that with Lad for company he did not think so often of the others.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading It troubled him that he had neglected them, but in honesty he had to admit that with Lad for company he did not think so often of the others.

oftenadverbUS /ˈɔːfən/

many times at short intervals

From this reading It troubled him that he had neglected them, but in honesty he had to admit that with Lad for company he did not think so often of the others.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading “How could I take advantage of them by robbing them of their young one?

others

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It troubled him that he had neglected them, but in honesty he had to admit that with Lad for company he did not think so often of the others.

providingverbUS /prəˈvaɪdɪŋ/

-ing form of “provide” — give something useful or necessary to

From this reading He wondered whether he would miss them greatly should they abandon their mountain--providing, of course, they left Lad behind.

ramsnounUS /ræmz/

plural of “ram” — the most common computer memory which can be used by programs to perform necessary tasks while the computer is on

From this reading It was several days before Turgen found time to return to the feeding ground with hay for the rams.

reproached

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “But that is a dreadful thought,” he reproached himself the next instant.

returnverbUS /rɪˈtɜːrn/

go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before

From this reading It was several days before Turgen found time to return to the feeding ground with hay for the rams.

robbingverbUS /ˈrɑːbɪŋ/

inflected form of “rob” — take something away by force or without the consent of the owner

From this reading “How could I take advantage of them by robbing them of their young one?

severaladjectiveUS /ˈsevrəl/

(used with count nouns) of an indefinite number more than 2 or 3 but not many

From this reading It was several days before Turgen found time to return to the feeding ground with hay for the rams.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading He wondered whether he would miss them greatly should they abandon their mountain--providing, of course, they left Lad behind.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading It troubled him that he had neglected them, but in honesty he had to admit that with Lad for company he did not think so often of the others.

takeverbUS /teɪk/

carry out

From this reading “How could I take advantage of them by robbing them of their young one?

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It troubled him that he had neglected them, but in honesty he had to admit that with Lad for company he did not think so often of the others.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading It was several days before Turgen found time to return to the feeding ground with hay for the rams.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading He wondered whether he would miss them greatly should they abandon their mountain--providing, of course, they left Lad behind.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading It troubled him that he had neglected them, but in honesty he had to admit that with Lad for company he did not think so often of the others.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He wondered whether he would miss them greatly should they abandon their mountain--providing, of course, they left Lad behind.

thinkverbUS /θɪŋk/

judge or regard; look upon; judge

From this reading It troubled him that he had neglected them, but in honesty he had to admit that with Lad for company he did not think so often of the others.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading “But that is a dreadful thought,” he reproached himself the next instant.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading It was several days before Turgen found time to return to the feeding ground with hay for the rams.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading It was several days before Turgen found time to return to the feeding ground with hay for the rams.

troubledadjectiveUS /ˈtrʌbəld/

characterized by or indicative of distress or affliction or danger or need

From this reading It troubled him that he had neglected them, but in honesty he had to admit that with Lad for company he did not think so often of the others.

Turgen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was several days before Turgen found time to return to the feeding ground with hay for the rams.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was several days before Turgen found time to return to the feeding ground with hay for the rams.

whetherconjunctionUS /ˈweðər/

used to introduce two or more possibilities

From this reading He wondered whether he would miss them greatly should they abandon their mountain--providing, of course, they left Lad behind.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading It was several days before Turgen found time to return to the feeding ground with hay for the rams.

wonderedverbUS /ˈwʌndərd/

past form of “wonder” — have a wish or desire to know something

From this reading He wondered whether he would miss them greatly should they abandon their mountain--providing, of course, they left Lad behind.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading He wondered whether he would miss them greatly should they abandon their mountain--providing, of course, they left Lad behind.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading “How could I take advantage of them by robbing them of their young one?

Chapter 19 of The defender by Nicholas Kalashnikoff holds 37 sentences, grouped into 8 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 19 of The defender contain?

Chapter 19 holds 37 sentences of The defender, unabridged, divided into 8 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 19 of The defender by Nicholas Kalashnikoff exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 37 sentences, grouped into 8 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 19 of The defender?

Work through the 8 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 8 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 19 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 19 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The defender

Common questions about reading The defender by Nicholas Kalashnikoff on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The defender?

Yes. All 0 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #? are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The defender is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #?, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The defender take to read?

About 5 minutes of reading across 0 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The defender section by section

How to work through The defender section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The defender

Words and structures a reader meets early in The defender, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
One of the 0 chapters of The defender, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 2
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Chapter 3
One of the 0 chapters of The defender, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.