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The defender
The defender

Chapter XXX

Chapter 30 of The defender is here in full — 84 sentences across 17 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The defender
Context Illustration Reading 1/16 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
From early morning a large crowd of men, women, and children gathered near the chapel.
At the hour set for the ceremony a sigh of approval went up as ten sleighs appeared drawn by white horses whose tails and manes were braided with multicolored ribbons.
Around the animals’ necks tinkling bells were hung, and their harnesses were dazzling.
“Not a bishop or a governor would be ashamed of such horses,” said one watcher to another.
In the first sleigh, driven by the eminent Popov, rode the priest with his psalmist, at sight of whom the men uncovered their heads and the women bowed low.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The defender

Chapter XXX

Chapter 30 of The defender is here in full — 84 sentences across 17 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/16 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
From early morning a large crowd of men, women, and children gathered near the chapel.
/frʌm ˈɜːrli ˈmɔːrnɪŋ ə lɑːrdʒ kraʊd ʌv men ˈwɪmən ənd ˈtʃɪldrən ˈɡæðərd nɪr ðə ˈtʃæpəl/
Line 2
At the hour set for the ceremony a sigh of approval went up as ten sleighs appeared drawn by white horses whose tails and manes were braided with multicolored ribbons.
Line 3
Around the animals’ necks tinkling bells were hung, and their harnesses were dazzling.
/ərˈaʊnd ðə ˈænəməlz neks ˈtɪŋkəlɪŋ belz wɜːr hʌŋ ənd ðer ˈhɑːrnəsəz wɜːr ˈdæzəlɪŋ/
Line 4
“Not a bishop or a governor would be ashamed of such horses,” said one watcher to another.
/nɑːt ə ˈbɪʃəp ɔːr ə ˈɡʌvərnər wʊd biː əˈʃeɪmd ʌv sʌtʃ ˈhɔːrsəz sed wʌn ˈwɑːtʃər tuː əˈnʌðər/
Line 5
In the first sleigh, driven by the eminent Popov, rode the priest with his psalmist, at sight of whom the men uncovered their heads and the women bowed low.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

braided adjective US /ˈbreɪdɪd/

woven by (or as if by) braiding

From this reading “At the hour set for the ceremony a sigh of approval went up as ten sleighs appeared drawn by white horses whose tails and manes were braided with multicolored ribbons.”

harnesses noun US /ˈhɑːrnəsəz/

plural of “harness” — a support consisting of an arrangement of straps for holding something to the body (especially one supporting a person suspended from a parachute)

From this reading “Around the animals’ necks tinkling bells were hung, and their harnesses were dazzling.”

manes noun US /meɪnz/

a Persian prophet who founded Manichaeism (216-276)

From this reading “At the hour set for the ceremony a sigh of approval went up as ten sleighs appeared drawn by white horses whose tails and manes were braided with multicolored ribbons.”

multicolored adjective US /ˌmʌltiˈkʌlərd/

having sections or patches colored differently and usually brightly

From this reading “At the hour set for the ceremony a sigh of approval went up as ten sleighs appeared drawn by white horses whose tails and manes were braided with multicolored ribbons.”

sleigh noun US /sleɪ/

a vehicle mounted on runners and pulled by horses or dogs; for transportation over snow

From this reading “In the first sleigh, driven by the eminent Popov, rode the priest with his psalmist, at sight of whom the men uncovered their heads and the women bowed low.”

tinkling adjective US /ˈtɪŋkəlɪŋ/

like the short high ringing sound of a small bell

From this reading “Around the animals’ necks tinkling bells were hung, and their harnesses were dazzling.”

uncovered adjective US /ənˈkʌvərd/

not covered with clothing

From this reading “In the first sleigh, driven by the eminent Popov, rode the priest with his psalmist, at sight of whom the men uncovered their heads and the women bowed low.”

watcher noun US /ˈwɑːtʃər/

a close observer; someone who looks at something (such as an exhibition of some kind)

From this reading ““Not a bishop or a governor would be ashamed of such horses,” said one watcher to another.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

tinkling bells adjective + noun counted as “tinkling bell”

In this reading “Around the animals’ necks tinkling bells were hung, and their harnesses were dazzling.”

early morning adjective + noun

In this reading “From early morning a large crowd of men, women, and children gathered near the chapel.”

white horses noun + noun counted as “white horse”

a wave that is blown by the wind so its crest is broken and appears white

In this reading “At the hour set for the ceremony a sigh of approval went up as ten sleighs appeared drawn by white horses whose tails and manes were braided with multicolored ribbons.”

went up verb + adjective counted as “go up”

move upward

In this reading “At the hour set for the ceremony a sigh of approval went up as ten sleighs appeared drawn by white horses whose tails and manes were braided with multicolored ribbons.”

at sight preposition + noun

In this reading “In the first sleigh, driven by the eminent Popov, rode the priest with his psalmist, at sight of whom the men uncovered their heads and the women bowed low.”

crowd of verb + particle

In this reading “From early morning a large crowd of men, women, and children gathered near the chapel.”

All words in this reading · 78

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading From early morning a large crowd of men, women, and children gathered near the chapel.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading From early morning a large crowd of men, women, and children gathered near the chapel.

animalsnounUS /ˈænəməlz/

plural of “animal” — a living organism characterized by voluntary movement

From this reading Around the animals’ necks tinkling bells were hung, and their harnesses were dazzling.

anotherdeterminerUS /əˈnʌðər/

one more of the same kind, or a different one

From this reading “Not a bishop or a governor would be ashamed of such horses,” said one watcher to another.

appearedverbUS /əˈpɪrd/

past form of “appear” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading At the hour set for the ceremony a sigh of approval went up as ten sleighs appeared drawn by white horses whose tails and manes were braided with multicolored ribbons.

approvalnounUS /əˈpruːvəl/

the formal act of approving

From this reading At the hour set for the ceremony a sigh of approval went up as ten sleighs appeared drawn by white horses whose tails and manes were braided with multicolored ribbons.

AroundprepositionUS /ərˈaʊnd/

surrounding, or on every side of, something

From this reading Around the animals’ necks tinkling bells were hung, and their harnesses were dazzling.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading At the hour set for the ceremony a sigh of approval went up as ten sleighs appeared drawn by white horses whose tails and manes were braided with multicolored ribbons.

ashamedadjectiveUS /əˈʃeɪmd/

feeling shame or guilt or embarrassment or remorse

From this reading “Not a bishop or a governor would be ashamed of such horses,” said one watcher to another.

AtprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading At the hour set for the ceremony a sigh of approval went up as ten sleighs appeared drawn by white horses whose tails and manes were braided with multicolored ribbons.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading “Not a bishop or a governor would be ashamed of such horses,” said one watcher to another.

bellsnounUS /belz/

plural of “bell” — a hollow device made of metal that makes a ringing sound when struck

From this reading Around the animals’ necks tinkling bells were hung, and their harnesses were dazzling.

bishopnounUS /ˈbɪʃəp/

a senior member of the Christian clergy having spiritual and administrative authority; appointed in Christian churches to oversee priests or ministers; considered in some churches to be successors of the twelve Apostles of Christ

From this reading “Not a bishop or a governor would be ashamed of such horses,” said one watcher to another.

bowedadjectiveUS /baʊd/

of a stringed instrument; sounded by stroking with a bow

From this reading In the first sleigh, driven by the eminent Popov, rode the priest with his psalmist, at sight of whom the men uncovered their heads and the women bowed low.

braidedadjectiveUS /ˈbreɪdɪd/

woven by (or as if by) braiding

From this reading At the hour set for the ceremony a sigh of approval went up as ten sleighs appeared drawn by white horses whose tails and manes were braided with multicolored ribbons.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading At the hour set for the ceremony a sigh of approval went up as ten sleighs appeared drawn by white horses whose tails and manes were braided with multicolored ribbons.

ceremonynounUS /ˈserəmoʊni/

a formal event performed on a special occasion

From this reading At the hour set for the ceremony a sigh of approval went up as ten sleighs appeared drawn by white horses whose tails and manes were braided with multicolored ribbons.

chapelnounUS /ˈtʃæpəl/

a place of worship that has its own altar

From this reading From early morning a large crowd of men, women, and children gathered near the chapel.

childrennounUS /ˈtʃɪldrən/

plural of “child” — a young person of either sex

From this reading From early morning a large crowd of men, women, and children gathered near the chapel.

crowdverbUS /kraʊd/

cause to herd, drive, or crowd together

From this reading From early morning a large crowd of men, women, and children gathered near the chapel.

dazzlingadjectiveUS /ˈdæzəlɪŋ/

amazingly impressive; suggestive of the flashing of lightning

From this reading Around the animals’ necks tinkling bells were hung, and their harnesses were dazzling.

drawnadjectiveUS /drɔːn/

showing the wearing effects of overwork or care or suffering

From this reading At the hour set for the ceremony a sigh of approval went up as ten sleighs appeared drawn by white horses whose tails and manes were braided with multicolored ribbons.

drivenadjectiveUS /ˈdrɪvən/

compelled forcibly by an outside agency

From this reading In the first sleigh, driven by the eminent Popov, rode the priest with his psalmist, at sight of whom the men uncovered their heads and the women bowed low.

earlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading From early morning a large crowd of men, women, and children gathered near the chapel.

eminentadjectiveUS /ˈemənənt/

standing above others in quality or position

From this reading In the first sleigh, driven by the eminent Popov, rode the priest with his psalmist, at sight of whom the men uncovered their heads and the women bowed low.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading In the first sleigh, driven by the eminent Popov, rode the priest with his psalmist, at sight of whom the men uncovered their heads and the women bowed low.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading At the hour set for the ceremony a sigh of approval went up as ten sleighs appeared drawn by white horses whose tails and manes were braided with multicolored ribbons.

FromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading From early morning a large crowd of men, women, and children gathered near the chapel.

gatheredadjectiveUS /ˈɡæðərd/

brought together in one place

From this reading From early morning a large crowd of men, women, and children gathered near the chapel.

governornounUS /ˈɡʌvərnər/

the head of a state government

From this reading “Not a bishop or a governor would be ashamed of such horses,” said one watcher to another.

harnessesnounUS /ˈhɑːrnəsəz/

plural of “harness” — a support consisting of an arrangement of straps for holding something to the body (especially one supporting a person suspended from a parachute)

From this reading Around the animals’ necks tinkling bells were hung, and their harnesses were dazzling.

headsnounUS /hedz/

plural of “head” — the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading In the first sleigh, driven by the eminent Popov, rode the priest with his psalmist, at sight of whom the men uncovered their heads and the women bowed low.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading In the first sleigh, driven by the eminent Popov, rode the priest with his psalmist, at sight of whom the men uncovered their heads and the women bowed low.

horsesnounUS /ˈhɔːrsəz/

plural of “horse” — solid-hoofed herbivorous quadruped domesticated since prehistoric times

From this reading At the hour set for the ceremony a sigh of approval went up as ten sleighs appeared drawn by white horses whose tails and manes were braided with multicolored ribbons.

hournounUS /ˈaʊər/

a period of time equal to 1/24th of a day

From this reading At the hour set for the ceremony a sigh of approval went up as ten sleighs appeared drawn by white horses whose tails and manes were braided with multicolored ribbons.

hungverbUS /hʌŋ/

inflected form of “hang” — be suspended or hanging

From this reading Around the animals’ necks tinkling bells were hung, and their harnesses were dazzling.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In the first sleigh, driven by the eminent Popov, rode the priest with his psalmist, at sight of whom the men uncovered their heads and the women bowed low.

largeadjectiveUS /lɑːrdʒ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading From early morning a large crowd of men, women, and children gathered near the chapel.

lowadjectiveUS /loʊ/

less than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading In the first sleigh, driven by the eminent Popov, rode the priest with his psalmist, at sight of whom the men uncovered their heads and the women bowed low.

manesnounUS /meɪnz/

a Persian prophet who founded Manichaeism (216-276)

From this reading At the hour set for the ceremony a sigh of approval went up as ten sleighs appeared drawn by white horses whose tails and manes were braided with multicolored ribbons.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading From early morning a large crowd of men, women, and children gathered near the chapel.

morningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading From early morning a large crowd of men, women, and children gathered near the chapel.

multicoloredadjectiveUS /ˌmʌltiˈkʌlərd/

having sections or patches colored differently and usually brightly

From this reading At the hour set for the ceremony a sigh of approval went up as ten sleighs appeared drawn by white horses whose tails and manes were braided with multicolored ribbons.

nearadverbUS /nɪr/

near in time or place or relationship

From this reading From early morning a large crowd of men, women, and children gathered near the chapel.

necksnounUS /neks/

plural of “neck” — the part of an organism (human or animal) that connects the head to the rest of the body

From this reading Around the animals’ necks tinkling bells were hung, and their harnesses were dazzling.

NotadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading “Not a bishop or a governor would be ashamed of such horses,” said one watcher to another.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading From early morning a large crowd of men, women, and children gathered near the chapel.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading “Not a bishop or a governor would be ashamed of such horses,” said one watcher to another.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading “Not a bishop or a governor would be ashamed of such horses,” said one watcher to another.

Popov

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the first sleigh, driven by the eminent Popov, rode the priest with his psalmist, at sight of whom the men uncovered their heads and the women bowed low.

priestnounUS /priːst/

a clergyman in Christian churches who has the authority to perform or administer various religious rites; one of the Holy Orders

From this reading In the first sleigh, driven by the eminent Popov, rode the priest with his psalmist, at sight of whom the men uncovered their heads and the women bowed low.

psalmistnoun

a composer of sacred songs

From this reading In the first sleigh, driven by the eminent Popov, rode the priest with his psalmist, at sight of whom the men uncovered their heads and the women bowed low.

ribbonsnounUS /ˈrɪbənz/

plural of “ribbon” — any long object resembling a thin line

From this reading At the hour set for the ceremony a sigh of approval went up as ten sleighs appeared drawn by white horses whose tails and manes were braided with multicolored ribbons.

rodeverbUS /roʊd/

inflected form of “ride” — sit and travel on the back of animal, usually while controlling its motions

From this reading In the first sleigh, driven by the eminent Popov, rode the priest with his psalmist, at sight of whom the men uncovered their heads and the women bowed low.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading “Not a bishop or a governor would be ashamed of such horses,” said one watcher to another.

setverbUS /set/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading At the hour set for the ceremony a sigh of approval went up as ten sleighs appeared drawn by white horses whose tails and manes were braided with multicolored ribbons.

sighverbUS /saɪ/

heave or utter a sigh; breathe deeply and heavily

From this reading At the hour set for the ceremony a sigh of approval went up as ten sleighs appeared drawn by white horses whose tails and manes were braided with multicolored ribbons.

sightnounUS /saɪt/

an instance of visual perception

From this reading In the first sleigh, driven by the eminent Popov, rode the priest with his psalmist, at sight of whom the men uncovered their heads and the women bowed low.

sleighnounUS /sleɪ/

a vehicle mounted on runners and pulled by horses or dogs; for transportation over snow

From this reading In the first sleigh, driven by the eminent Popov, rode the priest with his psalmist, at sight of whom the men uncovered their heads and the women bowed low.

sleighs

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At the hour set for the ceremony a sigh of approval went up as ten sleighs appeared drawn by white horses whose tails and manes were braided with multicolored ribbons.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading “Not a bishop or a governor would be ashamed of such horses,” said one watcher to another.

tailsnounUS /teɪlz/

formalwear consisting of full evening dress for men

From this reading At the hour set for the ceremony a sigh of approval went up as ten sleighs appeared drawn by white horses whose tails and manes were braided with multicolored ribbons.

tennounUS /ten/

the cardinal number that is the sum of nine and one; the base of the decimal system

From this reading At the hour set for the ceremony a sigh of approval went up as ten sleighs appeared drawn by white horses whose tails and manes were braided with multicolored ribbons.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading From early morning a large crowd of men, women, and children gathered near the chapel.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Around the animals’ necks tinkling bells were hung, and their harnesses were dazzling.

tinklingadjectiveUS /ˈtɪŋkəlɪŋ/

like the short high ringing sound of a small bell

From this reading Around the animals’ necks tinkling bells were hung, and their harnesses were dazzling.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading “Not a bishop or a governor would be ashamed of such horses,” said one watcher to another.

uncoveredadjectiveUS /ənˈkʌvərd/

not covered with clothing

From this reading In the first sleigh, driven by the eminent Popov, rode the priest with his psalmist, at sight of whom the men uncovered their heads and the women bowed low.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading At the hour set for the ceremony a sigh of approval went up as ten sleighs appeared drawn by white horses whose tails and manes were braided with multicolored ribbons.

watchernounUS /ˈwɑːtʃər/

a close observer; someone who looks at something (such as an exhibition of some kind)

From this reading “Not a bishop or a governor would be ashamed of such horses,” said one watcher to another.

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading At the hour set for the ceremony a sigh of approval went up as ten sleighs appeared drawn by white horses whose tails and manes were braided with multicolored ribbons.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading At the hour set for the ceremony a sigh of approval went up as ten sleighs appeared drawn by white horses whose tails and manes were braided with multicolored ribbons.

whitenounUS /waɪt/

a Caucasian

From this reading At the hour set for the ceremony a sigh of approval went up as ten sleighs appeared drawn by white horses whose tails and manes were braided with multicolored ribbons.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading In the first sleigh, driven by the eminent Popov, rode the priest with his psalmist, at sight of whom the men uncovered their heads and the women bowed low.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading At the hour set for the ceremony a sigh of approval went up as ten sleighs appeared drawn by white horses whose tails and manes were braided with multicolored ribbons.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading At the hour set for the ceremony a sigh of approval went up as ten sleighs appeared drawn by white horses whose tails and manes were braided with multicolored ribbons.

womennounUS /ˈwɪmən/

plural of “woman” — an adult female person (as opposed to a man)

From this reading From early morning a large crowd of men, women, and children gathered near the chapel.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading “Not a bishop or a governor would be ashamed of such horses,” said one watcher to another.

Chapter 30 of The defender by Nicholas Kalashnikoff holds 84 sentences, grouped into 17 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 30 of The defender contain?

Chapter 30 holds 84 sentences of The defender, unabridged, divided into 17 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 30 of The defender by Nicholas Kalashnikoff exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 84 sentences, grouped into 17 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 30 of The defender?

Work through the 17 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 17 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 30 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 30 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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  1. Open a chapter

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Vocabulary met early in The defender

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Chapter 1
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Chapter 2
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Chapter 3
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