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The Deluge — Vol. 2
The Deluge — Vol. 2

Chapter IX

Chapter 9 of The Deluge — Vol. 2 is here in full — 141 sentences across 29 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/28 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
From Lyubovlya the king advanced to Dukla, Krosno, Lantsut, and Lvoff, having at his side the marshal of the kingdom, many dignitaries and senators, with the court squadrons and escorts.
And as a great river flowing through a country gathers to itself all the smaller waters, so did new legions gather to the retinue of the king.
Lords and armed nobles thronged forward, and soldiers, now singly, now in groups, and crowds of armed peasants burning with special hatred against the Swedes.
The movement was becoming universal, and the military order of things had begun to lead to it.
Threatening manifestoes had appeared dated from Sanch: one by Constantine Lyubomirski, the marshal of the Circle of Knights; the other by Yan Vyelopolski, the castellan of Voinik, both calling on the nobles in the province of Cracow to join the general militia; those failing to appear were threatened with the punishments of public law.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Deluge — Vol. 2

Chapter IX

Chapter 9 of The Deluge — Vol. 2 is here in full — 141 sentences across 29 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/28 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
From Lyubovlya the king advanced to Dukla, Krosno, Lantsut, and Lvoff, having at his side the marshal of the kingdom, many dignitaries and senators, with the court squadrons and escorts.
Line 2
And as a great river flowing through a country gathers to itself all the smaller waters, so did new legions gather to the retinue of the king.
/ənd æz ə ɡreɪt ˈrɪvər ˈfloʊɪŋ θruː ə ˈkʌntri ˈɡæðərz tuː ˌɪtˈself ɔːl ðə ˈsmɔːlər ˈwɔːtərz soʊ dɪd nuː ˈliːdʒənz ˈɡæðər tuː ðə ˈretənuː ʌv ðə kɪŋ/
Line 3
Lords and armed nobles thronged forward, and soldiers, now singly, now in groups, and crowds of armed peasants burning with special hatred against the Swedes.
/lɔːrdz ənd ɑːrmd ˈnoʊbəlz θrɔːŋd ˈfɔːrwərd ənd ˈsoʊldʒərz naʊ ˈsɪŋɡli naʊ ɪn ɡruːps ənd kraʊdz ʌv ɑːrmd ˈpezənts ˈbɜːrnɪŋ wɪð ˈspeʃəl ˈheɪtrəd əˈɡenst ðə swiːdz/
Line 4
The movement was becoming universal, and the military order of things had begun to lead to it.
/ðə ˈmuːvmənt wɑːz bɪˈkʌmɪŋ ˌjuːnəˈvɜːrsəl ənd ðə ˈmɪləteri ˈɔːrdər ʌv θɪŋz hæd bɪˈɡʌn tuː led tuː ɪt/
Line 5
Threatening manifestoes had appeared dated from Sanch: one by Constantine Lyubomirski, the marshal of the Circle of Knights; the other by Yan Vyelopolski, the castellan of Voinik, both calling on the nobles in the province of Cracow to join the general militia; those failing to appear were threatened with the punishments of public law.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

dignitaries noun US /ˈdɪɡnəteriz/

plural of “dignitary” — an important or influential (and often overbearing) person

From this reading “From Lyubovlya the king advanced to Dukla, Krosno, Lantsut, and Lvoff, having at his side the marshal of the kingdom, many dignitaries and senators, with the court squadrons and escorts.”

escorts noun US /ˈeskɔːrts/

plural of “escort” — someone who escorts and protects a prominent person

From this reading “From Lyubovlya the king advanced to Dukla, Krosno, Lantsut, and Lvoff, having at his side the marshal of the kingdom, many dignitaries and senators, with the court squadrons and escorts.”

gathers noun US /ˈɡæðərz/

plural of “gather” — sewing consisting of small folds or puckers made by pulling tight a thread in a line of stitching

From this reading “And as a great river flowing through a country gathers to itself all the smaller waters, so did new legions gather to the retinue of the king.”

legions noun US /ˈliːdʒənz/

plural of “legion” — archaic terms for army

From this reading “And as a great river flowing through a country gathers to itself all the smaller waters, so did new legions gather to the retinue of the king.”

punishments noun US /ˈpʌnɪʃmənts/

plural of “punishment” — the act of punishing

From this reading “Threatening manifestoes had appeared dated from Sanch: one by Constantine Lyubomirski, the marshal of the Circle of Knights; the other by Yan Vyelopolski, the castellan of Voinik, both calling on the nobles in the province of Cracow to join the general militia; those failing to appear were threatened with the punishments of public law.”

senators noun US /ˈsenətərz/

plural of “senator” — a member of a senate

From this reading “From Lyubovlya the king advanced to Dukla, Krosno, Lantsut, and Lvoff, having at his side the marshal of the kingdom, many dignitaries and senators, with the court squadrons and escorts.”

squadrons noun US /ˈskwɑːdrənz/

plural of “squadron” — a cavalry unit consisting of two or more troops and headquarters and supporting arms

From this reading “From Lyubovlya the king advanced to Dukla, Krosno, Lantsut, and Lvoff, having at his side the marshal of the kingdom, many dignitaries and senators, with the court squadrons and escorts.”

Swedes noun US /swiːdz/

plural of “swede” — a native or inhabitant of Sweden

From this reading “Lords and armed nobles thronged forward, and soldiers, now singly, now in groups, and crowds of armed peasants burning with special hatred against the Swedes.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

river flowing noun + noun

In this reading “And as a great river flowing through a country gathers to itself all the smaller waters, so did new legions gather to the retinue of the king.”

military order noun + noun

In this reading “The movement was becoming universal, and the military order of things had begun to lead to it.”

great river adjective + noun

In this reading “And as a great river flowing through a country gathers to itself all the smaller waters, so did new legions gather to the retinue of the king.”

in the province preposition + article + noun counted as “in … province”

In this reading “Threatening manifestoes had appeared dated from Sanch: one by Constantine Lyubomirski, the marshal of the Circle of Knights; the other by Yan Vyelopolski, the castellan of Voinik, both calling on the nobles in the province of Cracow to join the general militia; those failing to appear were threatened with the punishments of public law.”

through a country preposition + article + noun counted as “through … country”

In this reading “And as a great river flowing through a country gathers to itself all the smaller waters, so did new legions gather to the retinue of the king.”

crowds of verb + particle counted as “crowd of”

In this reading “Lords and armed nobles thronged forward, and soldiers, now singly, now in groups, and crowds of armed peasants burning with special hatred against the Swedes.”

All words in this reading · 103

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading And as a great river flowing through a country gathers to itself all the smaller waters, so did new legions gather to the retinue of the king.

advancedadjectiveUS /ədˈvænst/

farther along in physical or mental development

From this reading From Lyubovlya the king advanced to Dukla, Krosno, Lantsut, and Lvoff, having at his side the marshal of the kingdom, many dignitaries and senators, with the court squadrons and escorts.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading Lords and armed nobles thronged forward, and soldiers, now singly, now in groups, and crowds of armed peasants burning with special hatred against the Swedes.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading And as a great river flowing through a country gathers to itself all the smaller waters, so did new legions gather to the retinue of the king.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading From Lyubovlya the king advanced to Dukla, Krosno, Lantsut, and Lvoff, having at his side the marshal of the kingdom, many dignitaries and senators, with the court squadrons and escorts.

appearverbUS /əˈpɪr/

give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading Threatening manifestoes had appeared dated from Sanch: one by Constantine Lyubomirski, the marshal of the Circle of Knights; the other by Yan Vyelopolski, the castellan of Voinik, both calling on the nobles in the province of Cracow to join the general militia; those failing to appear were threatened with the punishments of public law.

appearedverbUS /əˈpɪrd/

past form of “appear” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading Threatening manifestoes had appeared dated from Sanch: one by Constantine Lyubomirski, the marshal of the Circle of Knights; the other by Yan Vyelopolski, the castellan of Voinik, both calling on the nobles in the province of Cracow to join the general militia; those failing to appear were threatened with the punishments of public law.

armedadjectiveUS /ɑːrmd/

(used of persons or the military) characterized by having or bearing arms

From this reading Lords and armed nobles thronged forward, and soldiers, now singly, now in groups, and crowds of armed peasants burning with special hatred against the Swedes.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading And as a great river flowing through a country gathers to itself all the smaller waters, so did new legions gather to the retinue of the king.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading From Lyubovlya the king advanced to Dukla, Krosno, Lantsut, and Lvoff, having at his side the marshal of the kingdom, many dignitaries and senators, with the court squadrons and escorts.

becomingadjectiveUS /bɪˈkʌmɪŋ/

according with custom or propriety

From this reading The movement was becoming universal, and the military order of things had begun to lead to it.

begunverbUS /bɪˈɡʌn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading The movement was becoming universal, and the military order of things had begun to lead to it.

bothdeterminerUS /boʊθ/

the two together, not just one

From this reading Threatening manifestoes had appeared dated from Sanch: one by Constantine Lyubomirski, the marshal of the Circle of Knights; the other by Yan Vyelopolski, the castellan of Voinik, both calling on the nobles in the province of Cracow to join the general militia; those failing to appear were threatened with the punishments of public law.

burningnounUS /ˈbɜːrnɪŋ/

the act of burning something

From this reading Lords and armed nobles thronged forward, and soldiers, now singly, now in groups, and crowds of armed peasants burning with special hatred against the Swedes.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Threatening manifestoes had appeared dated from Sanch: one by Constantine Lyubomirski, the marshal of the Circle of Knights; the other by Yan Vyelopolski, the castellan of Voinik, both calling on the nobles in the province of Cracow to join the general militia; those failing to appear were threatened with the punishments of public law.

callingnounUS /ˈkɔːlɪŋ/

the particular occupation for which you are trained

From this reading Threatening manifestoes had appeared dated from Sanch: one by Constantine Lyubomirski, the marshal of the Circle of Knights; the other by Yan Vyelopolski, the castellan of Voinik, both calling on the nobles in the province of Cracow to join the general militia; those failing to appear were threatened with the punishments of public law.

castellan

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Threatening manifestoes had appeared dated from Sanch: one by Constantine Lyubomirski, the marshal of the Circle of Knights; the other by Yan Vyelopolski, the castellan of Voinik, both calling on the nobles in the province of Cracow to join the general militia; those failing to appear were threatened with the punishments of public law.

CirclenounUS /ˈsɜːrkəl/

ellipse in which the two axes are of equal length; a plane curve generated by one point moving at a constant distance from a fixed point

From this reading Threatening manifestoes had appeared dated from Sanch: one by Constantine Lyubomirski, the marshal of the Circle of Knights; the other by Yan Vyelopolski, the castellan of Voinik, both calling on the nobles in the province of Cracow to join the general militia; those failing to appear were threatened with the punishments of public law.

ConstantinenounUS /ˈkɑːnstəntiːn/

Emperor of Rome who stopped the persecution of Christians and in 324 made Christianity the official religion of the Roman Empire; in 330 he moved his capital from Rome to Byzantium and renamed it Constantinople (280-337)

From this reading Threatening manifestoes had appeared dated from Sanch: one by Constantine Lyubomirski, the marshal of the Circle of Knights; the other by Yan Vyelopolski, the castellan of Voinik, both calling on the nobles in the province of Cracow to join the general militia; those failing to appear were threatened with the punishments of public law.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading And as a great river flowing through a country gathers to itself all the smaller waters, so did new legions gather to the retinue of the king.

courtnounUS /kɔːrt/

an assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business

From this reading From Lyubovlya the king advanced to Dukla, Krosno, Lantsut, and Lvoff, having at his side the marshal of the kingdom, many dignitaries and senators, with the court squadrons and escorts.

Cracownoun

an industrial city in southern Poland on the Vistula

From this reading Threatening manifestoes had appeared dated from Sanch: one by Constantine Lyubomirski, the marshal of the Circle of Knights; the other by Yan Vyelopolski, the castellan of Voinik, both calling on the nobles in the province of Cracow to join the general militia; those failing to appear were threatened with the punishments of public law.

crowdsnounUS /kraʊdz/

plural of “crowd” — a large number of things or people considered together

From this reading Lords and armed nobles thronged forward, and soldiers, now singly, now in groups, and crowds of armed peasants burning with special hatred against the Swedes.

datedadjectiveUS /ˈdeɪtɪd/

marked by features of the immediate and usually discounted past

From this reading Threatening manifestoes had appeared dated from Sanch: one by Constantine Lyubomirski, the marshal of the Circle of Knights; the other by Yan Vyelopolski, the castellan of Voinik, both calling on the nobles in the province of Cracow to join the general militia; those failing to appear were threatened with the punishments of public law.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading And as a great river flowing through a country gathers to itself all the smaller waters, so did new legions gather to the retinue of the king.

dignitariesnounUS /ˈdɪɡnəteriz/

plural of “dignitary” — an important or influential (and often overbearing) person

From this reading From Lyubovlya the king advanced to Dukla, Krosno, Lantsut, and Lvoff, having at his side the marshal of the kingdom, many dignitaries and senators, with the court squadrons and escorts.

Dukla

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From Lyubovlya the king advanced to Dukla, Krosno, Lantsut, and Lvoff, having at his side the marshal of the kingdom, many dignitaries and senators, with the court squadrons and escorts.

escortsnounUS /ˈeskɔːrts/

plural of “escort” — someone who escorts and protects a prominent person

From this reading From Lyubovlya the king advanced to Dukla, Krosno, Lantsut, and Lvoff, having at his side the marshal of the kingdom, many dignitaries and senators, with the court squadrons and escorts.

failingnounUS /ˈfeɪlɪŋ/

a flaw or weak point

From this reading Threatening manifestoes had appeared dated from Sanch: one by Constantine Lyubomirski, the marshal of the Circle of Knights; the other by Yan Vyelopolski, the castellan of Voinik, both calling on the nobles in the province of Cracow to join the general militia; those failing to appear were threatened with the punishments of public law.

flowingnounUS /ˈfloʊɪŋ/

the motion characteristic of fluids (liquids or gases)

From this reading And as a great river flowing through a country gathers to itself all the smaller waters, so did new legions gather to the retinue of the king.

forwardadverbUS /ˈfɔːrwərd/

at or to or toward the front

From this reading Lords and armed nobles thronged forward, and soldiers, now singly, now in groups, and crowds of armed peasants burning with special hatred against the Swedes.

FromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading From Lyubovlya the king advanced to Dukla, Krosno, Lantsut, and Lvoff, having at his side the marshal of the kingdom, many dignitaries and senators, with the court squadrons and escorts.

gatherverbUS /ˈɡæðər/

assemble or get together

From this reading And as a great river flowing through a country gathers to itself all the smaller waters, so did new legions gather to the retinue of the king.

gathersnounUS /ˈɡæðərz/

plural of “gather” — sewing consisting of small folds or puckers made by pulling tight a thread in a line of stitching

From this reading And as a great river flowing through a country gathers to itself all the smaller waters, so did new legions gather to the retinue of the king.

generaladjectiveUS /ˈdʒenərəl/

applying to all or most members of a category or group

From this reading Threatening manifestoes had appeared dated from Sanch: one by Constantine Lyubomirski, the marshal of the Circle of Knights; the other by Yan Vyelopolski, the castellan of Voinik, both calling on the nobles in the province of Cracow to join the general militia; those failing to appear were threatened with the punishments of public law.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading And as a great river flowing through a country gathers to itself all the smaller waters, so did new legions gather to the retinue of the king.

groupsnounUS /ɡruːps/

plural of “group” — any number of entities (members) considered as a unit

From this reading Lords and armed nobles thronged forward, and soldiers, now singly, now in groups, and crowds of armed peasants burning with special hatred against the Swedes.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The movement was becoming universal, and the military order of things had begun to lead to it.

hatrednounUS /ˈheɪtrəd/

the emotion of intense dislike; a feeling of dislike so strong that it demands action

From this reading Lords and armed nobles thronged forward, and soldiers, now singly, now in groups, and crowds of armed peasants burning with special hatred against the Swedes.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading From Lyubovlya the king advanced to Dukla, Krosno, Lantsut, and Lvoff, having at his side the marshal of the kingdom, many dignitaries and senators, with the court squadrons and escorts.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading From Lyubovlya the king advanced to Dukla, Krosno, Lantsut, and Lvoff, having at his side the marshal of the kingdom, many dignitaries and senators, with the court squadrons and escorts.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Lords and armed nobles thronged forward, and soldiers, now singly, now in groups, and crowds of armed peasants burning with special hatred against the Swedes.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The movement was becoming universal, and the military order of things had begun to lead to it.

itselfpronounUS /ˌɪtˈself/

used when the thing doing the action is also its object

From this reading And as a great river flowing through a country gathers to itself all the smaller waters, so did new legions gather to the retinue of the king.

joinverbUS /dʒɔɪn/

become part of; become a member of a group or organization

From this reading Threatening manifestoes had appeared dated from Sanch: one by Constantine Lyubomirski, the marshal of the Circle of Knights; the other by Yan Vyelopolski, the castellan of Voinik, both calling on the nobles in the province of Cracow to join the general militia; those failing to appear were threatened with the punishments of public law.

kingnounUS /kɪŋ/

a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading From Lyubovlya the king advanced to Dukla, Krosno, Lantsut, and Lvoff, having at his side the marshal of the kingdom, many dignitaries and senators, with the court squadrons and escorts.

kingdomnounUS /ˈkɪŋdəm/

a domain in which something is dominant

From this reading From Lyubovlya the king advanced to Dukla, Krosno, Lantsut, and Lvoff, having at his side the marshal of the kingdom, many dignitaries and senators, with the court squadrons and escorts.

KnightsnounUS /naɪts/

plural of “knight” — originally a person of noble birth trained to arms and chivalry; today in Great Britain a person honored by the sovereign for personal merit

From this reading Threatening manifestoes had appeared dated from Sanch: one by Constantine Lyubomirski, the marshal of the Circle of Knights; the other by Yan Vyelopolski, the castellan of Voinik, both calling on the nobles in the province of Cracow to join the general militia; those failing to appear were threatened with the punishments of public law.

Krosno

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From Lyubovlya the king advanced to Dukla, Krosno, Lantsut, and Lvoff, having at his side the marshal of the kingdom, many dignitaries and senators, with the court squadrons and escorts.

Lantsut

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From Lyubovlya the king advanced to Dukla, Krosno, Lantsut, and Lvoff, having at his side the marshal of the kingdom, many dignitaries and senators, with the court squadrons and escorts.

lawnounUS /lɔː/

the collection of rules imposed by authority

From this reading Threatening manifestoes had appeared dated from Sanch: one by Constantine Lyubomirski, the marshal of the Circle of Knights; the other by Yan Vyelopolski, the castellan of Voinik, both calling on the nobles in the province of Cracow to join the general militia; those failing to appear were threatened with the punishments of public law.

leadverbUS /led/

take somebody somewhere

From this reading The movement was becoming universal, and the military order of things had begun to lead to it.

legionsnounUS /ˈliːdʒənz/

plural of “legion” — archaic terms for army

From this reading And as a great river flowing through a country gathers to itself all the smaller waters, so did new legions gather to the retinue of the king.

LordsnounUS /lɔːrdz/

plural of “lord” — terms referring to the Judeo-Christian God

From this reading Lords and armed nobles thronged forward, and soldiers, now singly, now in groups, and crowds of armed peasants burning with special hatred against the Swedes.

Lvoff

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From Lyubovlya the king advanced to Dukla, Krosno, Lantsut, and Lvoff, having at his side the marshal of the kingdom, many dignitaries and senators, with the court squadrons and escorts.

Lyubomirski

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Threatening manifestoes had appeared dated from Sanch: one by Constantine Lyubomirski, the marshal of the Circle of Knights; the other by Yan Vyelopolski, the castellan of Voinik, both calling on the nobles in the province of Cracow to join the general militia; those failing to appear were threatened with the punishments of public law.

Lyubovlya

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From Lyubovlya the king advanced to Dukla, Krosno, Lantsut, and Lvoff, having at his side the marshal of the kingdom, many dignitaries and senators, with the court squadrons and escorts.

manifestoes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Threatening manifestoes had appeared dated from Sanch: one by Constantine Lyubomirski, the marshal of the Circle of Knights; the other by Yan Vyelopolski, the castellan of Voinik, both calling on the nobles in the province of Cracow to join the general militia; those failing to appear were threatened with the punishments of public law.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading From Lyubovlya the king advanced to Dukla, Krosno, Lantsut, and Lvoff, having at his side the marshal of the kingdom, many dignitaries and senators, with the court squadrons and escorts.

marshalverbUS /ˈmɑːrʃəl/

place in proper rank

From this reading From Lyubovlya the king advanced to Dukla, Krosno, Lantsut, and Lvoff, having at his side the marshal of the kingdom, many dignitaries and senators, with the court squadrons and escorts.

militaryadjectiveUS /ˈmɪləteri/

of or relating to the study of the principles of warfare

From this reading The movement was becoming universal, and the military order of things had begun to lead to it.

militianounUS /məˈlɪʃə/

civilians trained as soldiers but not part of the regular army

From this reading Threatening manifestoes had appeared dated from Sanch: one by Constantine Lyubomirski, the marshal of the Circle of Knights; the other by Yan Vyelopolski, the castellan of Voinik, both calling on the nobles in the province of Cracow to join the general militia; those failing to appear were threatened with the punishments of public law.

movementnounUS /ˈmuːvmənt/

a change of position that does not entail a change of location

From this reading The movement was becoming universal, and the military order of things had begun to lead to it.

newadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading And as a great river flowing through a country gathers to itself all the smaller waters, so did new legions gather to the retinue of the king.

noblesnounUS /ˈnoʊbəlz/

plural of “noble” — a titled peer of the realm

From this reading Lords and armed nobles thronged forward, and soldiers, now singly, now in groups, and crowds of armed peasants burning with special hatred against the Swedes.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Lords and armed nobles thronged forward, and soldiers, now singly, now in groups, and crowds of armed peasants burning with special hatred against the Swedes.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading From Lyubovlya the king advanced to Dukla, Krosno, Lantsut, and Lvoff, having at his side the marshal of the kingdom, many dignitaries and senators, with the court squadrons and escorts.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Threatening manifestoes had appeared dated from Sanch: one by Constantine Lyubomirski, the marshal of the Circle of Knights; the other by Yan Vyelopolski, the castellan of Voinik, both calling on the nobles in the province of Cracow to join the general militia; those failing to appear were threatened with the punishments of public law.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Threatening manifestoes had appeared dated from Sanch: one by Constantine Lyubomirski, the marshal of the Circle of Knights; the other by Yan Vyelopolski, the castellan of Voinik, both calling on the nobles in the province of Cracow to join the general militia; those failing to appear were threatened with the punishments of public law.

ordernounUS /ˈɔːrdər/

(often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed

From this reading The movement was becoming universal, and the military order of things had begun to lead to it.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading Threatening manifestoes had appeared dated from Sanch: one by Constantine Lyubomirski, the marshal of the Circle of Knights; the other by Yan Vyelopolski, the castellan of Voinik, both calling on the nobles in the province of Cracow to join the general militia; those failing to appear were threatened with the punishments of public law.

peasantsnounUS /ˈpezənts/

plural of “peasant” — a country person

From this reading Lords and armed nobles thronged forward, and soldiers, now singly, now in groups, and crowds of armed peasants burning with special hatred against the Swedes.

provincenounUS /ˈprɑːvəns/

the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading Threatening manifestoes had appeared dated from Sanch: one by Constantine Lyubomirski, the marshal of the Circle of Knights; the other by Yan Vyelopolski, the castellan of Voinik, both calling on the nobles in the province of Cracow to join the general militia; those failing to appear were threatened with the punishments of public law.

publicnounUS /ˈpʌblɪk/

people in general considered as a whole

From this reading Threatening manifestoes had appeared dated from Sanch: one by Constantine Lyubomirski, the marshal of the Circle of Knights; the other by Yan Vyelopolski, the castellan of Voinik, both calling on the nobles in the province of Cracow to join the general militia; those failing to appear were threatened with the punishments of public law.

punishmentsnounUS /ˈpʌnɪʃmənts/

plural of “punishment” — the act of punishing

From this reading Threatening manifestoes had appeared dated from Sanch: one by Constantine Lyubomirski, the marshal of the Circle of Knights; the other by Yan Vyelopolski, the castellan of Voinik, both calling on the nobles in the province of Cracow to join the general militia; those failing to appear were threatened with the punishments of public law.

retinuenounUS /ˈretənuː/

the group following and attending to some important person

From this reading And as a great river flowing through a country gathers to itself all the smaller waters, so did new legions gather to the retinue of the king.

rivernounUS /ˈrɪvər/

a large natural stream of water (larger than a creek)

From this reading And as a great river flowing through a country gathers to itself all the smaller waters, so did new legions gather to the retinue of the king.

Sanch

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Threatening manifestoes had appeared dated from Sanch: one by Constantine Lyubomirski, the marshal of the Circle of Knights; the other by Yan Vyelopolski, the castellan of Voinik, both calling on the nobles in the province of Cracow to join the general militia; those failing to appear were threatened with the punishments of public law.

senatorsnounUS /ˈsenətərz/

plural of “senator” — a member of a senate

From this reading From Lyubovlya the king advanced to Dukla, Krosno, Lantsut, and Lvoff, having at his side the marshal of the kingdom, many dignitaries and senators, with the court squadrons and escorts.

sidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading From Lyubovlya the king advanced to Dukla, Krosno, Lantsut, and Lvoff, having at his side the marshal of the kingdom, many dignitaries and senators, with the court squadrons and escorts.

singlyadverbUS /ˈsɪŋɡli/

one by one; one at a time

From this reading Lords and armed nobles thronged forward, and soldiers, now singly, now in groups, and crowds of armed peasants burning with special hatred against the Swedes.

smalleradjectiveUS /ˈsmɔːlər/

small or little relative to something else

From this reading And as a great river flowing through a country gathers to itself all the smaller waters, so did new legions gather to the retinue of the king.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading And as a great river flowing through a country gathers to itself all the smaller waters, so did new legions gather to the retinue of the king.

soldiersnounUS /ˈsoʊldʒərz/

plural of “soldier” — an enlisted man or woman who serves in an army

From this reading Lords and armed nobles thronged forward, and soldiers, now singly, now in groups, and crowds of armed peasants burning with special hatred against the Swedes.

specialadjectiveUS /ˈspeʃəl/

unique or specific to a person or thing or category

From this reading Lords and armed nobles thronged forward, and soldiers, now singly, now in groups, and crowds of armed peasants burning with special hatred against the Swedes.

squadronsnounUS /ˈskwɑːdrənz/

plural of “squadron” — a cavalry unit consisting of two or more troops and headquarters and supporting arms

From this reading From Lyubovlya the king advanced to Dukla, Krosno, Lantsut, and Lvoff, having at his side the marshal of the kingdom, many dignitaries and senators, with the court squadrons and escorts.

SwedesnounUS /swiːdz/

plural of “swede” — a native or inhabitant of Sweden

From this reading Lords and armed nobles thronged forward, and soldiers, now singly, now in groups, and crowds of armed peasants burning with special hatred against the Swedes.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading From Lyubovlya the king advanced to Dukla, Krosno, Lantsut, and Lvoff, having at his side the marshal of the kingdom, many dignitaries and senators, with the court squadrons and escorts.

thingsnounUS /θɪŋz/

any movable possession (especially articles of clothing)

From this reading The movement was becoming universal, and the military order of things had begun to lead to it.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading Threatening manifestoes had appeared dated from Sanch: one by Constantine Lyubomirski, the marshal of the Circle of Knights; the other by Yan Vyelopolski, the castellan of Voinik, both calling on the nobles in the province of Cracow to join the general militia; those failing to appear were threatened with the punishments of public law.

threatenedadjectiveUS /ˈθretənd/

(of flora or fauna) likely in the near future to become endangered

From this reading Threatening manifestoes had appeared dated from Sanch: one by Constantine Lyubomirski, the marshal of the Circle of Knights; the other by Yan Vyelopolski, the castellan of Voinik, both calling on the nobles in the province of Cracow to join the general militia; those failing to appear were threatened with the punishments of public law.

ThreateningadjectiveUS /ˈθretənɪŋ/

threatening or foreshadowing evil or tragic developments

From this reading Threatening manifestoes had appeared dated from Sanch: one by Constantine Lyubomirski, the marshal of the Circle of Knights; the other by Yan Vyelopolski, the castellan of Voinik, both calling on the nobles in the province of Cracow to join the general militia; those failing to appear were threatened with the punishments of public law.

throngedadjectiveUS /θrɔːŋd/

filled with great numbers crowded together

From this reading Lords and armed nobles thronged forward, and soldiers, now singly, now in groups, and crowds of armed peasants burning with special hatred against the Swedes.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading And as a great river flowing through a country gathers to itself all the smaller waters, so did new legions gather to the retinue of the king.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading From Lyubovlya the king advanced to Dukla, Krosno, Lantsut, and Lvoff, having at his side the marshal of the kingdom, many dignitaries and senators, with the court squadrons and escorts.

universaladjectiveUS /ˌjuːnəˈvɜːrsəl/

of worldwide scope or applicability

From this reading The movement was becoming universal, and the military order of things had begun to lead to it.

Voinik

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Threatening manifestoes had appeared dated from Sanch: one by Constantine Lyubomirski, the marshal of the Circle of Knights; the other by Yan Vyelopolski, the castellan of Voinik, both calling on the nobles in the province of Cracow to join the general militia; those failing to appear were threatened with the punishments of public law.

Vyelopolski

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Threatening manifestoes had appeared dated from Sanch: one by Constantine Lyubomirski, the marshal of the Circle of Knights; the other by Yan Vyelopolski, the castellan of Voinik, both calling on the nobles in the province of Cracow to join the general militia; those failing to appear were threatened with the punishments of public law.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The movement was becoming universal, and the military order of things had begun to lead to it.

watersnounUS /ˈwɔːtərz/

United States actress and singer (1896-1977)

From this reading And as a great river flowing through a country gathers to itself all the smaller waters, so did new legions gather to the retinue of the king.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Threatening manifestoes had appeared dated from Sanch: one by Constantine Lyubomirski, the marshal of the Circle of Knights; the other by Yan Vyelopolski, the castellan of Voinik, both calling on the nobles in the province of Cracow to join the general militia; those failing to appear were threatened with the punishments of public law.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading From Lyubovlya the king advanced to Dukla, Krosno, Lantsut, and Lvoff, having at his side the marshal of the kingdom, many dignitaries and senators, with the court squadrons and escorts.

Yan

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Threatening manifestoes had appeared dated from Sanch: one by Constantine Lyubomirski, the marshal of the Circle of Knights; the other by Yan Vyelopolski, the castellan of Voinik, both calling on the nobles in the province of Cracow to join the general militia; those failing to appear were threatened with the punishments of public law.

Chapter 9 of The Deluge — Vol. 2 by Henryk Sienkiewicz holds 141 sentences, grouped into 29 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 9 of The Deluge — Vol. 2 contain?

Chapter 9 holds 141 sentences of The Deluge — Vol. 2, unabridged, divided into 29 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 9 of The Deluge — Vol. 2 by Henryk Sienkiewicz exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 141 sentences, grouped into 29 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 9 of The Deluge — Vol. 2?

Work through the 29 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 29 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 9 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 9 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Deluge — Vol. 2

Common questions about reading The Deluge — Vol. 2 by Henryk Sienkiewicz on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Deluge — Vol. 2?

Yes. All 14022 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #37308 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Deluge — Vol. 2 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #37308, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Deluge — Vol. 2 take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 2805 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Deluge — Vol. 2 section by section

How to work through The Deluge — Vol. 2 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 39 chapters of The Deluge — Vol. 2 to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Deluge — Vol. 2

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Deluge — Vol. 2, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Cannon
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Deluge — Vol. 2; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Negotiations
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Deluge — Vol. 2; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Fathers
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Deluge — Vol. 2; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Determined
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Deluge — Vol. 2; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.