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The Desert Trail
The Desert Trail

Chapter I

Cover illustration for The Desert Trail
Context Illustration Reading 1/89 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The slow-rolling winter's sun rose coldly, far to the south, riding up from behind the saw-toothed Sierras of Mexico to throw a silvery halo on Gadsden, the border city.
A hundred miles of desert lay in its path--a waste of broken ridges, dry arroyos, and sandy plains--and then suddenly, as if by magic, the city rose gleaming in the sun.
It was a big city, for the West, and swarming with traffic and men.
Its broad main street, lined with brick buildings and throbbing with automobiles, ran from the railroad straight to the south until, at a line, it stopped short and was lost in the desert.
That line which marked the sudden end of growth and progress was the border of the United States; the desert was Mexico.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Desert Trail

Chapter I

Reading 1/89 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The slow-rolling winter's sun rose coldly, far to the south, riding up from behind the saw-toothed Sierras of Mexico to throw a silvery halo on Gadsden, the border city.
Line 2
A hundred miles of desert lay in its path--a waste of broken ridges, dry arroyos, and sandy plains--and then suddenly, as if by magic, the city rose gleaming in the sun.
Line 3
It was a big city, for the West, and swarming with traffic and men.
Line 4
Its broad main street, lined with brick buildings and throbbing with automobiles, ran from the railroad straight to the south until, at a line, it stopped short and was lost in the desert.
Line 5
That line which marked the sudden end of growth and progress was the border of the United States; the desert was Mexico.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Behind preposition US /bɪˈhaɪnd/

at or toward the back of something

From this reading “The slow-rolling winter's sun rose coldly, far to the south, riding up from behind the saw-toothed Sierras of Mexico to throw a silvery halo on Gadsden, the border city.”

Broken noun US /broken/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “A hundred miles of desert lay in its path--a waste of broken ridges, dry arroyos, and sandy plains--and then suddenly, as if by magic, the city rose gleaming in the sun.”

Short adjective US /ʃɔrt/

brief or direct in expression

From this reading “Its broad main street, lined with brick buildings and throbbing with automobiles, ran from the railroad straight to the south until, at a line, it stopped short and was lost in the desert.”

Stopped noun US /stopped/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Its broad main street, lined with brick buildings and throbbing with automobiles, ran from the railroad straight to the south until, at a line, it stopped short and was lost in the desert.”

Sudden noun US /sudden/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “That line which marked the sudden end of growth and progress was the border of the United States; the desert was Mexico.”

Suddenly noun US /ˈsuddenly/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “A hundred miles of desert lay in its path--a waste of broken ridges, dry arroyos, and sandy plains--and then suddenly, as if by magic, the city rose gleaming in the sun.”

Until preposition US /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading “Its broad main street, lined with brick buildings and throbbing with automobiles, ran from the railroad straight to the south until, at a line, it stopped short and was lost in the desert.”

Waste noun US /weɪst/

an empty, uncultivated area of land

From this reading “A hundred miles of desert lay in its path--a waste of broken ridges, dry arroyos, and sandy plains--and then suddenly, as if by magic, the city rose gleaming in the sun.”

All words in this reading · 82

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The slow-rolling winter's sun rose coldly, far to the south, riding up from behind the saw-toothed Sierras of Mexico to throw a silvery halo on Gadsden, the border city.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading A hundred miles of desert lay in its path--a waste of broken ridges, dry arroyos, and sandy plains--and then suddenly, as if by magic, the city rose gleaming in the sun.

arroyos

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A hundred miles of desert lay in its path--a waste of broken ridges, dry arroyos, and sandy plains--and then suddenly, as if by magic, the city rose gleaming in the sun.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading A hundred miles of desert lay in its path--a waste of broken ridges, dry arroyos, and sandy plains--and then suddenly, as if by magic, the city rose gleaming in the sun.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Its broad main street, lined with brick buildings and throbbing with automobiles, ran from the railroad straight to the south until, at a line, it stopped short and was lost in the desert.

automobiles

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Its broad main street, lined with brick buildings and throbbing with automobiles, ran from the railroad straight to the south until, at a line, it stopped short and was lost in the desert.

behindprepositionUS /bɪˈhaɪnd/

at or toward the back of something

From this reading The slow-rolling winter's sun rose coldly, far to the south, riding up from behind the saw-toothed Sierras of Mexico to throw a silvery halo on Gadsden, the border city.

big

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was a big city, for the West, and swarming with traffic and men.

border

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The slow-rolling winter's sun rose coldly, far to the south, riding up from behind the saw-toothed Sierras of Mexico to throw a silvery halo on Gadsden, the border city.

brick

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Its broad main street, lined with brick buildings and throbbing with automobiles, ran from the railroad straight to the south until, at a line, it stopped short and was lost in the desert.

broad

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Its broad main street, lined with brick buildings and throbbing with automobiles, ran from the railroad straight to the south until, at a line, it stopped short and was lost in the desert.

brokennounUS /broken/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading A hundred miles of desert lay in its path--a waste of broken ridges, dry arroyos, and sandy plains--and then suddenly, as if by magic, the city rose gleaming in the sun.

buildings

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Its broad main street, lined with brick buildings and throbbing with automobiles, ran from the railroad straight to the south until, at a line, it stopped short and was lost in the desert.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading A hundred miles of desert lay in its path--a waste of broken ridges, dry arroyos, and sandy plains--and then suddenly, as if by magic, the city rose gleaming in the sun.

city

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The slow-rolling winter's sun rose coldly, far to the south, riding up from behind the saw-toothed Sierras of Mexico to throw a silvery halo on Gadsden, the border city.

coldly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The slow-rolling winter's sun rose coldly, far to the south, riding up from behind the saw-toothed Sierras of Mexico to throw a silvery halo on Gadsden, the border city.

desert

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A hundred miles of desert lay in its path--a waste of broken ridges, dry arroyos, and sandy plains--and then suddenly, as if by magic, the city rose gleaming in the sun.

dry

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A hundred miles of desert lay in its path--a waste of broken ridges, dry arroyos, and sandy plains--and then suddenly, as if by magic, the city rose gleaming in the sun.

end

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That line which marked the sudden end of growth and progress was the border of the United States; the desert was Mexico.

far

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The slow-rolling winter's sun rose coldly, far to the south, riding up from behind the saw-toothed Sierras of Mexico to throw a silvery halo on Gadsden, the border city.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading It was a big city, for the West, and swarming with traffic and men.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The slow-rolling winter's sun rose coldly, far to the south, riding up from behind the saw-toothed Sierras of Mexico to throw a silvery halo on Gadsden, the border city.

Gadsden

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The slow-rolling winter's sun rose coldly, far to the south, riding up from behind the saw-toothed Sierras of Mexico to throw a silvery halo on Gadsden, the border city.

gleaming

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A hundred miles of desert lay in its path--a waste of broken ridges, dry arroyos, and sandy plains--and then suddenly, as if by magic, the city rose gleaming in the sun.

growth

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That line which marked the sudden end of growth and progress was the border of the United States; the desert was Mexico.

halo

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The slow-rolling winter's sun rose coldly, far to the south, riding up from behind the saw-toothed Sierras of Mexico to throw a silvery halo on Gadsden, the border city.

hundred

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A hundred miles of desert lay in its path--a waste of broken ridges, dry arroyos, and sandy plains--and then suddenly, as if by magic, the city rose gleaming in the sun.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading A hundred miles of desert lay in its path--a waste of broken ridges, dry arroyos, and sandy plains--and then suddenly, as if by magic, the city rose gleaming in the sun.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading A hundred miles of desert lay in its path--a waste of broken ridges, dry arroyos, and sandy plains--and then suddenly, as if by magic, the city rose gleaming in the sun.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was a big city, for the West, and swarming with traffic and men.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading A hundred miles of desert lay in its path--a waste of broken ridges, dry arroyos, and sandy plains--and then suddenly, as if by magic, the city rose gleaming in the sun.

lay

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A hundred miles of desert lay in its path--a waste of broken ridges, dry arroyos, and sandy plains--and then suddenly, as if by magic, the city rose gleaming in the sun.

line

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Its broad main street, lined with brick buildings and throbbing with automobiles, ran from the railroad straight to the south until, at a line, it stopped short and was lost in the desert.

lined

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Its broad main street, lined with brick buildings and throbbing with automobiles, ran from the railroad straight to the south until, at a line, it stopped short and was lost in the desert.

lost

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Its broad main street, lined with brick buildings and throbbing with automobiles, ran from the railroad straight to the south until, at a line, it stopped short and was lost in the desert.

magic

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A hundred miles of desert lay in its path--a waste of broken ridges, dry arroyos, and sandy plains--and then suddenly, as if by magic, the city rose gleaming in the sun.

main

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Its broad main street, lined with brick buildings and throbbing with automobiles, ran from the railroad straight to the south until, at a line, it stopped short and was lost in the desert.

marked

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That line which marked the sudden end of growth and progress was the border of the United States; the desert was Mexico.

men

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was a big city, for the West, and swarming with traffic and men.

Mexico

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The slow-rolling winter's sun rose coldly, far to the south, riding up from behind the saw-toothed Sierras of Mexico to throw a silvery halo on Gadsden, the border city.

miles

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A hundred miles of desert lay in its path--a waste of broken ridges, dry arroyos, and sandy plains--and then suddenly, as if by magic, the city rose gleaming in the sun.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The slow-rolling winter's sun rose coldly, far to the south, riding up from behind the saw-toothed Sierras of Mexico to throw a silvery halo on Gadsden, the border city.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The slow-rolling winter's sun rose coldly, far to the south, riding up from behind the saw-toothed Sierras of Mexico to throw a silvery halo on Gadsden, the border city.

path

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A hundred miles of desert lay in its path--a waste of broken ridges, dry arroyos, and sandy plains--and then suddenly, as if by magic, the city rose gleaming in the sun.

plains

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A hundred miles of desert lay in its path--a waste of broken ridges, dry arroyos, and sandy plains--and then suddenly, as if by magic, the city rose gleaming in the sun.

progress

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That line which marked the sudden end of growth and progress was the border of the United States; the desert was Mexico.

railroad

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Its broad main street, lined with brick buildings and throbbing with automobiles, ran from the railroad straight to the south until, at a line, it stopped short and was lost in the desert.

ran

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Its broad main street, lined with brick buildings and throbbing with automobiles, ran from the railroad straight to the south until, at a line, it stopped short and was lost in the desert.

ridges

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A hundred miles of desert lay in its path--a waste of broken ridges, dry arroyos, and sandy plains--and then suddenly, as if by magic, the city rose gleaming in the sun.

riding

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The slow-rolling winter's sun rose coldly, far to the south, riding up from behind the saw-toothed Sierras of Mexico to throw a silvery halo on Gadsden, the border city.

rose

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The slow-rolling winter's sun rose coldly, far to the south, riding up from behind the saw-toothed Sierras of Mexico to throw a silvery halo on Gadsden, the border city.

sandy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A hundred miles of desert lay in its path--a waste of broken ridges, dry arroyos, and sandy plains--and then suddenly, as if by magic, the city rose gleaming in the sun.

saw-toothed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The slow-rolling winter's sun rose coldly, far to the south, riding up from behind the saw-toothed Sierras of Mexico to throw a silvery halo on Gadsden, the border city.

shortadjectiveUS /ʃɔrt/

brief or direct in expression

From this reading Its broad main street, lined with brick buildings and throbbing with automobiles, ran from the railroad straight to the south until, at a line, it stopped short and was lost in the desert.

Sierras

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The slow-rolling winter's sun rose coldly, far to the south, riding up from behind the saw-toothed Sierras of Mexico to throw a silvery halo on Gadsden, the border city.

silvery

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The slow-rolling winter's sun rose coldly, far to the south, riding up from behind the saw-toothed Sierras of Mexico to throw a silvery halo on Gadsden, the border city.

slow-rolling

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The slow-rolling winter's sun rose coldly, far to the south, riding up from behind the saw-toothed Sierras of Mexico to throw a silvery halo on Gadsden, the border city.

south

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The slow-rolling winter's sun rose coldly, far to the south, riding up from behind the saw-toothed Sierras of Mexico to throw a silvery halo on Gadsden, the border city.

States

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That line which marked the sudden end of growth and progress was the border of the United States; the desert was Mexico.

stoppednounUS /stopped/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Its broad main street, lined with brick buildings and throbbing with automobiles, ran from the railroad straight to the south until, at a line, it stopped short and was lost in the desert.

straight

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Its broad main street, lined with brick buildings and throbbing with automobiles, ran from the railroad straight to the south until, at a line, it stopped short and was lost in the desert.

street

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Its broad main street, lined with brick buildings and throbbing with automobiles, ran from the railroad straight to the south until, at a line, it stopped short and was lost in the desert.

suddennounUS /sudden/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading That line which marked the sudden end of growth and progress was the border of the United States; the desert was Mexico.

suddenlynounUS /ˈsuddenly/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading A hundred miles of desert lay in its path--a waste of broken ridges, dry arroyos, and sandy plains--and then suddenly, as if by magic, the city rose gleaming in the sun.

sun

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The slow-rolling winter's sun rose coldly, far to the south, riding up from behind the saw-toothed Sierras of Mexico to throw a silvery halo on Gadsden, the border city.

swarming

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was a big city, for the West, and swarming with traffic and men.

ThatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading That line which marked the sudden end of growth and progress was the border of the United States; the desert was Mexico.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The slow-rolling winter's sun rose coldly, far to the south, riding up from behind the saw-toothed Sierras of Mexico to throw a silvery halo on Gadsden, the border city.

then

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A hundred miles of desert lay in its path--a waste of broken ridges, dry arroyos, and sandy plains--and then suddenly, as if by magic, the city rose gleaming in the sun.

throbbing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Its broad main street, lined with brick buildings and throbbing with automobiles, ran from the railroad straight to the south until, at a line, it stopped short and was lost in the desert.

throw

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The slow-rolling winter's sun rose coldly, far to the south, riding up from behind the saw-toothed Sierras of Mexico to throw a silvery halo on Gadsden, the border city.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The slow-rolling winter's sun rose coldly, far to the south, riding up from behind the saw-toothed Sierras of Mexico to throw a silvery halo on Gadsden, the border city.

traffic

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was a big city, for the West, and swarming with traffic and men.

United

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That line which marked the sudden end of growth and progress was the border of the United States; the desert was Mexico.

untilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading Its broad main street, lined with brick buildings and throbbing with automobiles, ran from the railroad straight to the south until, at a line, it stopped short and was lost in the desert.

up

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The slow-rolling winter's sun rose coldly, far to the south, riding up from behind the saw-toothed Sierras of Mexico to throw a silvery halo on Gadsden, the border city.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was a big city, for the West, and swarming with traffic and men.

wastenounUS /weɪst/

an empty, uncultivated area of land

From this reading A hundred miles of desert lay in its path--a waste of broken ridges, dry arroyos, and sandy plains--and then suddenly, as if by magic, the city rose gleaming in the sun.

West

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was a big city, for the West, and swarming with traffic and men.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading That line which marked the sudden end of growth and progress was the border of the United States; the desert was Mexico.

winter's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The slow-rolling winter's sun rose coldly, far to the south, riding up from behind the saw-toothed Sierras of Mexico to throw a silvery halo on Gadsden, the border city.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading It was a big city, for the West, and swarming with traffic and men.