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The Devil Is an Ass
The Devil Is an Ass

Chapter XXI

Chapter 21 of The Devil Is an Ass is here in full — 388 sentences across 78 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Devil Is an Ass
Context Illustration Reading 1/77 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
_E._ Our Dotterel then is caught?
_B._ He is and just As Dotterels use to be: the lady first Advanc’d toward him, stretch’d forth her wing, and he Met her with all expressions.
It is uncertain whether the sense of ‘bird’ or ‘simpleton’ is the original.
_Dottrel_ seems to be connected with _dote_ and _dotard_.
The bird is a species of plover, and Cunningham says that ‘Selby ridicules the notion of its being more stupid than other birds.’
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Devil Is an Ass

Chapter XXI

Chapter 21 of The Devil Is an Ass is here in full — 388 sentences across 78 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/77 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
_E._ Our Dotterel then is caught?
Line 2
_B._ He is and just As Dotterels use to be: the lady first Advanc’d toward him, stretch’d forth her wing, and he Met her with all expressions.
Line 3
It is uncertain whether the sense of ‘bird’ or ‘simpleton’ is the original.
Line 4
_Dottrel_ seems to be connected with _dote_ and _dotard_.
Line 5
The bird is a species of plover, and Cunningham says that ‘Selby ridicules the notion of its being more stupid than other birds.’

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Cunningham noun US /ˈkʌnɪŋhæm/

United States dancer and choreographer (born in 1922)

From this reading “The bird is a species of plover, and Cunningham says that ‘Selby ridicules the notion of its being more stupid than other birds.’”

dote verb US /doʊt/

be foolish or senile due to old age

expressions noun US /ɪkˈspreʃənz/

plural of “expression” — the feelings expressed on a person's face

From this reading “_B._ He is and just As Dotterels use to be: the lady first Advanc’d toward him, stretch’d forth her wing, and he Met her with all expressions.”

plover noun US /ˈplʌvər/

any of numerous chiefly shorebirds of relatively compact build having straight bills and large pointed wings; closely related to the sandpipers

From this reading “The bird is a species of plover, and Cunningham says that ‘Selby ridicules the notion of its being more stupid than other birds.’”

ridicules noun US /ˈrɪdəkjuːlz/

plural of “ridicule” — language or behavior intended to mock or humiliate

From this reading “The bird is a species of plover, and Cunningham says that ‘Selby ridicules the notion of its being more stupid than other birds.’”

species noun US /ˈspiːʃiz/

(biology) taxonomic group whose members can interbreed

From this reading “The bird is a species of plover, and Cunningham says that ‘Selby ridicules the notion of its being more stupid than other birds.’”

uncertain adjective US /ənˈsɜːrtən/

lacking or indicating lack of confidence or assurance

From this reading “It is uncertain whether the sense of ‘bird’ or ‘simpleton’ is the original.”

wing noun US /wɪŋ/

a movable organ for flying (one of a pair)

From this reading “_B._ He is and just As Dotterels use to be: the lady first Advanc’d toward him, stretch’d forth her wing, and he Met her with all expressions.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

other birds adjective + noun counted as “other bird”

In this reading “The bird is a species of plover, and Cunningham says that ‘Selby ridicules the notion of its being more stupid than other birds.’”

All words in this reading · 59

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The bird is a species of plover, and Cunningham says that ‘Selby ridicules the notion of its being more stupid than other birds.’

Advanc'd

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _B._ He is and just As Dotterels use to be: the lady first Advanc’d toward him, stretch’d forth her wing, and he Met her with all expressions.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading _B._ He is and just As Dotterels use to be: the lady first Advanc’d toward him, stretch’d forth her wing, and he Met her with all expressions.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading _B._ He is and just As Dotterels use to be: the lady first Advanc’d toward him, stretch’d forth her wing, and he Met her with all expressions.

AsconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading _B._ He is and just As Dotterels use to be: the lady first Advanc’d toward him, stretch’d forth her wing, and he Met her with all expressions.

BnounUS /biː/

aerobic rod-shaped spore-producing bacterium; often occurring in chainlike formations; found primarily in soil

From this reading _B._ He is and just As Dotterels use to be: the lady first Advanc’d toward him, stretch’d forth her wing, and he Met her with all expressions.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading _B._ He is and just As Dotterels use to be: the lady first Advanc’d toward him, stretch’d forth her wing, and he Met her with all expressions.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading The bird is a species of plover, and Cunningham says that ‘Selby ridicules the notion of its being more stupid than other birds.’

birdnounUS /bɜːrd/

warm-blooded egg-laying vertebrates characterized by feathers and forelimbs modified as wings

From this reading It is uncertain whether the sense of ‘bird’ or ‘simpleton’ is the original.

birdsnounUS /bɜːrdz/

plural of “bird” — warm-blooded egg-laying vertebrates characterized by feathers and forelimbs modified as wings

From this reading The bird is a species of plover, and Cunningham says that ‘Selby ridicules the notion of its being more stupid than other birds.’

caughtverbUS /kɑːt/

inflected form of “catch” — discover or come upon accidentally, suddenly, or unexpectedly; catch somebody doing something or in a certain state

From this reading _E._ Our Dotterel then is caught?

connectedadjectiveUS /kəˈnektɪd/

being joined in close association

From this reading _Dottrel_ seems to be connected with _dote_ and _dotard_.

CunninghamnounUS /ˈkʌnɪŋhæm/

United States dancer and choreographer (born in 1922)

From this reading The bird is a species of plover, and Cunningham says that ‘Selby ridicules the notion of its being more stupid than other birds.’

dotardnoun

an oldster in his dotage; someone whose age has impaired his intellect

From this reading _Dottrel_ seems to be connected with _dote_ and _dotard_.

doteverbUS /doʊt/

be foolish or senile due to old age

From this reading _Dottrel_ seems to be connected with _dote_ and _dotard_.

Dotterelnoun

rare plover of upland areas of Eurasia

From this reading _E._ Our Dotterel then is caught?

Dotterels

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _B._ He is and just As Dotterels use to be: the lady first Advanc’d toward him, stretch’d forth her wing, and he Met her with all expressions.

Dottrel

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Dottrel_ seems to be connected with _dote_ and _dotard_.

EnounUS /iː/

a fat-soluble vitamin that is essential for normal reproduction; an important antioxidant that neutralizes free radicals in the body

From this reading _E._ Our Dotterel then is caught?

expressionsnounUS /ɪkˈspreʃənz/

plural of “expression” — the feelings expressed on a person's face

From this reading _B._ He is and just As Dotterels use to be: the lady first Advanc’d toward him, stretch’d forth her wing, and he Met her with all expressions.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading _B._ He is and just As Dotterels use to be: the lady first Advanc’d toward him, stretch’d forth her wing, and he Met her with all expressions.

forthadverbUS /fɔːrθ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading _B._ He is and just As Dotterels use to be: the lady first Advanc’d toward him, stretch’d forth her wing, and he Met her with all expressions.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading _B._ He is and just As Dotterels use to be: the lady first Advanc’d toward him, stretch’d forth her wing, and he Met her with all expressions.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading _B._ He is and just As Dotterels use to be: the lady first Advanc’d toward him, stretch’d forth her wing, and he Met her with all expressions.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading _B._ He is and just As Dotterels use to be: the lady first Advanc’d toward him, stretch’d forth her wing, and he Met her with all expressions.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading _E._ Our Dotterel then is caught?

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It is uncertain whether the sense of ‘bird’ or ‘simpleton’ is the original.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading The bird is a species of plover, and Cunningham says that ‘Selby ridicules the notion of its being more stupid than other birds.’

justadverbUS /dʒʌst/

and nothing more

From this reading _B._ He is and just As Dotterels use to be: the lady first Advanc’d toward him, stretch’d forth her wing, and he Met her with all expressions.

ladynounUS /ˈleɪdi/

a polite name for any woman

From this reading _B._ He is and just As Dotterels use to be: the lady first Advanc’d toward him, stretch’d forth her wing, and he Met her with all expressions.

MetverbUS /met/

inflected form of “meet” — come together

From this reading _B._ He is and just As Dotterels use to be: the lady first Advanc’d toward him, stretch’d forth her wing, and he Met her with all expressions.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading The bird is a species of plover, and Cunningham says that ‘Selby ridicules the notion of its being more stupid than other birds.’

notionnounUS /ˈnoʊʃən/

a vague idea in which some confidence is placed

From this reading The bird is a species of plover, and Cunningham says that ‘Selby ridicules the notion of its being more stupid than other birds.’

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading It is uncertain whether the sense of ‘bird’ or ‘simpleton’ is the original.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading It is uncertain whether the sense of ‘bird’ or ‘simpleton’ is the original.

originaladjectiveUS /ərˈɪdʒənəl/

preceding all others in time or being as first made or performed

From this reading It is uncertain whether the sense of ‘bird’ or ‘simpleton’ is the original.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading The bird is a species of plover, and Cunningham says that ‘Selby ridicules the notion of its being more stupid than other birds.’

OurdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading _E._ Our Dotterel then is caught?

plovernounUS /ˈplʌvər/

any of numerous chiefly shorebirds of relatively compact build having straight bills and large pointed wings; closely related to the sandpipers

From this reading The bird is a species of plover, and Cunningham says that ‘Selby ridicules the notion of its being more stupid than other birds.’

ridiculesnounUS /ˈrɪdəkjuːlz/

plural of “ridicule” — language or behavior intended to mock or humiliate

From this reading The bird is a species of plover, and Cunningham says that ‘Selby ridicules the notion of its being more stupid than other birds.’

saysnounUS /sez/

plural of “say” — the chance to speak

From this reading The bird is a species of plover, and Cunningham says that ‘Selby ridicules the notion of its being more stupid than other birds.’

seemsverbUS /siːmz/

third-person singular of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading _Dottrel_ seems to be connected with _dote_ and _dotard_.

Selby

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The bird is a species of plover, and Cunningham says that ‘Selby ridicules the notion of its being more stupid than other birds.’

sensenounUS /sens/

a general conscious awareness

From this reading It is uncertain whether the sense of ‘bird’ or ‘simpleton’ is the original.

simpletonnoun

a person lacking intelligence or common sense

From this reading It is uncertain whether the sense of ‘bird’ or ‘simpleton’ is the original.

speciesnounUS /ˈspiːʃiz/

(biology) taxonomic group whose members can interbreed

From this reading The bird is a species of plover, and Cunningham says that ‘Selby ridicules the notion of its being more stupid than other birds.’

stretch'd

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _B._ He is and just As Dotterels use to be: the lady first Advanc’d toward him, stretch’d forth her wing, and he Met her with all expressions.

stupidadjectiveUS /ˈstuːpəd/

lacking or marked by lack of intellectual acuity

From this reading The bird is a species of plover, and Cunningham says that ‘Selby ridicules the notion of its being more stupid than other birds.’

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading The bird is a species of plover, and Cunningham says that ‘Selby ridicules the notion of its being more stupid than other birds.’

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The bird is a species of plover, and Cunningham says that ‘Selby ridicules the notion of its being more stupid than other birds.’

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading _B._ He is and just As Dotterels use to be: the lady first Advanc’d toward him, stretch’d forth her wing, and he Met her with all expressions.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading _E._ Our Dotterel then is caught?

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading _B._ He is and just As Dotterels use to be: the lady first Advanc’d toward him, stretch’d forth her wing, and he Met her with all expressions.

towardprepositionUS /təˈwɔːrd/

in the direction of

From this reading _B._ He is and just As Dotterels use to be: the lady first Advanc’d toward him, stretch’d forth her wing, and he Met her with all expressions.

uncertainadjectiveUS /ənˈsɜːrtən/

lacking or indicating lack of confidence or assurance

From this reading It is uncertain whether the sense of ‘bird’ or ‘simpleton’ is the original.

usenounUS /juːs/

the act of using

From this reading _B._ He is and just As Dotterels use to be: the lady first Advanc’d toward him, stretch’d forth her wing, and he Met her with all expressions.

whetherconjunctionUS /ˈweðər/

used to introduce two or more possibilities

From this reading It is uncertain whether the sense of ‘bird’ or ‘simpleton’ is the original.

wingnounUS /wɪŋ/

a movable organ for flying (one of a pair)

From this reading _B._ He is and just As Dotterels use to be: the lady first Advanc’d toward him, stretch’d forth her wing, and he Met her with all expressions.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading _B._ He is and just As Dotterels use to be: the lady first Advanc’d toward him, stretch’d forth her wing, and he Met her with all expressions.

Chapter 21 of The Devil Is an Ass by Ben Jonson holds 388 sentences, grouped into 78 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 21 of The Devil Is an Ass contain?

Chapter 21 holds 388 sentences of The Devil Is an Ass, unabridged, divided into 78 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 21 of The Devil Is an Ass by Ben Jonson exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 388 sentences, grouped into 78 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 21 of The Devil Is an Ass?

Work through the 78 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 78 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 21 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 21 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Devil Is an Ass

Common questions about reading The Devil Is an Ass by Ben Jonson on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Devil Is an Ass?

Yes. All 13920 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #50150 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Devil Is an Ass is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #50150, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Devil Is an Ass take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 2784 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Devil Is an Ass section by section

How to work through The Devil Is an Ass section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 35 chapters of The Devil Is an Ass to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Devil Is an Ass

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Devil Is an Ass, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Edited
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Devil Is an Ass; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Introduction
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Devil Is an Ass; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Notes
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Devil Is an Ass; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Glossary
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Devil Is an Ass; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.