Learn English through classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
The Diary and Letters of Madame D'Arblay — Volume 1
The Diary and Letters of Madame D'Arblay — Volume 1

Chapter XX · Chapter 20

Chapter 20 of The Diary and Letters of Madame D'Arblay — Volume 1 is here in full — 410 sentences across 82 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Diary and Letters of Madame D'Arblay — Volume 1
Context Illustration Reading 1/82 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
When first I drew my vital breath, A little minikin I came upon earth And then I came from a dark abode, Into this gay and gaudy world,”--ED,] [Footnote 52: Malone gives some further particulars about Bet Flint in a note to Boswell's Life of Johnson.”
She was tried, and acquitted, at the Old Bailey in September, 1758, the prosecutrix, Mary Walthow, being unable to prove that the goods charged to have been stolen (a counterpane, a silver spoon, two napkins, etc.) were her property.
Bet does not appear to have lived at that time in a very genteel style; for she paid for her ready-furnished room in Meard's-court, Dean-street, Soho, from which these articles were alleged to be stolen, only five shillings a week.”--ED.]
[Footnote 53: Margaret Caroline Rudd was in great notoriety about the year 1776, from the fame of her powers of fascination, which, it was said, had brought a man to the gallows.
This man, her lover, was hanged in January, 1776, for forgery, and the fascinating Margaret appeared as evidence against him.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Diary and Letters of Madame D'Arblay — Volume 1

Chapter XX · Chapter 20

Chapter 20 of The Diary and Letters of Madame D'Arblay — Volume 1 is here in full — 410 sentences across 82 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/82 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
When first I drew my vital breath, A little minikin I came upon earth And then I came from a dark abode, Into this gay and gaudy world,”--ED,] [Footnote 52: Malone gives some further particulars about Bet Flint in a note to Boswell'sLife of Johnson.”
Line 2
She was tried, and acquitted, at the Old Bailey in September, 1758, the prosecutrix, Mary Walthow, being unable to provethat the goods charged to have been stolen (a counterpane, a silver spoon, two napkins, etc.) were her property.
Line 3
Bet does not appear to have lived at that time in a very genteel style; for she paid for her ready-furnished room in Meard's-court, Dean-street, Soho, from which these articles were alleged to be stolen, only five shillings a week.”--ED.]
Line 4
[Footnote 53: Margaret Caroline Rudd was in great notoriety about the year 1776, from the fame of her powers of fascination, which, it was said, had brought a man to the gallows.
Line 5
This man, her lover, was hanged in January, 1776, for forgery, and the fascinating Margaret appeared as evidence against him.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

acquitted adjective US /əˈkwɪtɪd/

declared not guilty of a specific offense or crime; legally blameless

From this reading “She was tried, and acquitted, at the Old Bailey in September, 1758, the prosecutrix, Mary Walthow, being unable to prove “that the goods charged to have been stolen (a counterpane, a silver spoon, two napkins, etc.) were her property.”

forgery noun US /ˈfɔːrdʒəri/

a copy that is represented as the original

From this reading “This man, her lover, was hanged in January, 1776, for forgery, and the fascinating Margaret appeared as evidence against him.”

gaudy adjective US /ˈɡɔːdi/

tastelessly showy

From this reading ““When first I drew my vital breath, A little minikin I came upon earth And then I came from a dark abode, Into this gay and gaudy world,”--ED,] [Footnote 52: Malone gives some further particulars about Bet Flint in a note to Boswell's “Life of Johnson.””

Malone noun US /məˈloʊn/

English scholar remembered for his chronology of Shakespeare's plays and his editions of Shakespeare and Dryden (1741-1812)

From this reading ““When first I drew my vital breath, A little minikin I came upon earth And then I came from a dark abode, Into this gay and gaudy world,”--ED,] [Footnote 52: Malone gives some further particulars about Bet Flint in a note to Boswell's “Life of Johnson.””

napkins noun US /ˈnæpkɪnz/

plural of “napkin” — a small piece of table linen that is used to wipe the mouth and to cover the lap in order to protect clothing

From this reading “She was tried, and acquitted, at the Old Bailey in September, 1758, the prosecutrix, Mary Walthow, being unable to prove “that the goods charged to have been stolen (a counterpane, a silver spoon, two napkins, etc.) were her property.”

notoriety noun US /ˌnoʊtərˈaɪəti/

the state of being known for some unfavorable act or quality

From this reading “[Footnote 53: Margaret Caroline Rudd was in great notoriety about the year 1776, from the fame of her powers of fascination, which, it was said, had brought a man to the gallows.”

Rudd noun US /rʌd/

European freshwater fish resembling the roach

From this reading “[Footnote 53: Margaret Caroline Rudd was in great notoriety about the year 1776, from the fame of her powers of fascination, which, it was said, had brought a man to the gallows.”

Soho noun US /ˈsoʊhoʊ/

a district in southwestern Manhattan noted for its shops and restaurants and galleries and artist's lofts

From this reading “Bet does not appear to have lived at that time in a very genteel style; for she paid for her ready-furnished room in Meard's-court, Dean-street, Soho, from which these articles were alleged to be stolen, only five shillings a week.”--ED.]”

All words in this reading · 123

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1758

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She was tried, and acquitted, at the Old Bailey in September, 1758, the prosecutrix, Mary Walthow, being unable to prove “that the goods charged to have been stolen (a counterpane, a silver spoon, two napkins, etc.) were her property.

1776

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading [Footnote 53: Margaret Caroline Rudd was in great notoriety about the year 1776, from the fame of her powers of fascination, which, it was said, had brought a man to the gallows.

52

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “When first I drew my vital breath, A little minikin I came upon earth And then I came from a dark abode, Into this gay and gaudy world,”--ED,] [Footnote 52: Malone gives some further particulars about Bet Flint in a note to Boswell's “Life of Johnson.”

53

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading [Footnote 53: Margaret Caroline Rudd was in great notoriety about the year 1776, from the fame of her powers of fascination, which, it was said, had brought a man to the gallows.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading “When first I drew my vital breath, A little minikin I came upon earth And then I came from a dark abode, Into this gay and gaudy world,”--ED,] [Footnote 52: Malone gives some further particulars about Bet Flint in a note to Boswell's “Life of Johnson.”

abodenounUS /əˈboʊd/

any address at which you dwell more than temporarily

From this reading “When first I drew my vital breath, A little minikin I came upon earth And then I came from a dark abode, Into this gay and gaudy world,”--ED,] [Footnote 52: Malone gives some further particulars about Bet Flint in a note to Boswell's “Life of Johnson.”

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading “When first I drew my vital breath, A little minikin I came upon earth And then I came from a dark abode, Into this gay and gaudy world,”--ED,] [Footnote 52: Malone gives some further particulars about Bet Flint in a note to Boswell's “Life of Johnson.”

acquittedadjectiveUS /əˈkwɪtɪd/

declared not guilty of a specific offense or crime; legally blameless

From this reading She was tried, and acquitted, at the Old Bailey in September, 1758, the prosecutrix, Mary Walthow, being unable to prove “that the goods charged to have been stolen (a counterpane, a silver spoon, two napkins, etc.) were her property.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading This man, her lover, was hanged in January, 1776, for forgery, and the fascinating Margaret appeared as evidence against him.

allegedadjectiveUS /əˈledʒd/

declared but not proved

From this reading Bet does not appear to have lived at that time in a very genteel style; for she paid for her ready-furnished room in Meard's-court, Dean-street, Soho, from which these articles were alleged to be stolen, only five shillings a week.”--ED.]

AndconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading “When first I drew my vital breath, A little minikin I came upon earth And then I came from a dark abode, Into this gay and gaudy world,”--ED,] [Footnote 52: Malone gives some further particulars about Bet Flint in a note to Boswell's “Life of Johnson.”

appearverbUS /əˈpɪr/

give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading Bet does not appear to have lived at that time in a very genteel style; for she paid for her ready-furnished room in Meard's-court, Dean-street, Soho, from which these articles were alleged to be stolen, only five shillings a week.”--ED.]

appearedverbUS /əˈpɪrd/

past form of “appear” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading This man, her lover, was hanged in January, 1776, for forgery, and the fascinating Margaret appeared as evidence against him.

articlesnounUS /ˈɑːrtəkəlz/

plural of “article” — nonfictional prose forming an independent part of a publication

From this reading Bet does not appear to have lived at that time in a very genteel style; for she paid for her ready-furnished room in Meard's-court, Dean-street, Soho, from which these articles were alleged to be stolen, only five shillings a week.”--ED.]

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading This man, her lover, was hanged in January, 1776, for forgery, and the fascinating Margaret appeared as evidence against him.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading She was tried, and acquitted, at the Old Bailey in September, 1758, the prosecutrix, Mary Walthow, being unable to prove “that the goods charged to have been stolen (a counterpane, a silver spoon, two napkins, etc.) were her property.

BaileynounUS /ˈbeɪli/

United States singer (1918-1990)

From this reading She was tried, and acquitted, at the Old Bailey in September, 1758, the prosecutrix, Mary Walthow, being unable to prove “that the goods charged to have been stolen (a counterpane, a silver spoon, two napkins, etc.) were her property.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Bet does not appear to have lived at that time in a very genteel style; for she paid for her ready-furnished room in Meard's-court, Dean-street, Soho, from which these articles were alleged to be stolen, only five shillings a week.”--ED.]

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading She was tried, and acquitted, at the Old Bailey in September, 1758, the prosecutrix, Mary Walthow, being unable to prove “that the goods charged to have been stolen (a counterpane, a silver spoon, two napkins, etc.) were her property.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading She was tried, and acquitted, at the Old Bailey in September, 1758, the prosecutrix, Mary Walthow, being unable to prove “that the goods charged to have been stolen (a counterpane, a silver spoon, two napkins, etc.) were her property.

BetverbUS /bet/

maintain with or as if with a bet

From this reading “When first I drew my vital breath, A little minikin I came upon earth And then I came from a dark abode, Into this gay and gaudy world,”--ED,] [Footnote 52: Malone gives some further particulars about Bet Flint in a note to Boswell's “Life of Johnson.”

Boswell's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “When first I drew my vital breath, A little minikin I came upon earth And then I came from a dark abode, Into this gay and gaudy world,”--ED,] [Footnote 52: Malone gives some further particulars about Bet Flint in a note to Boswell's “Life of Johnson.”

breathnounUS /breθ/

the process of taking in and expelling air during breathing

From this reading “When first I drew my vital breath, A little minikin I came upon earth And then I came from a dark abode, Into this gay and gaudy world,”--ED,] [Footnote 52: Malone gives some further particulars about Bet Flint in a note to Boswell's “Life of Johnson.”

broughtverbUS /brɔːt/

inflected form of “bring” — take something or somebody with oneself somewhere

From this reading [Footnote 53: Margaret Caroline Rudd was in great notoriety about the year 1776, from the fame of her powers of fascination, which, it was said, had brought a man to the gallows.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading “When first I drew my vital breath, A little minikin I came upon earth And then I came from a dark abode, Into this gay and gaudy world,”--ED,] [Footnote 52: Malone gives some further particulars about Bet Flint in a note to Boswell's “Life of Johnson.”

CarolineadjectiveUS /ˈkerəlaɪn/

of or relating to the life and times of kings Charles I or Charles II of England

From this reading [Footnote 53: Margaret Caroline Rudd was in great notoriety about the year 1776, from the fame of her powers of fascination, which, it was said, had brought a man to the gallows.

chargedadjectiveUS /tʃɑːrdʒd/

of a particle or body or system; having a net amount of positive or negative electric charge

From this reading She was tried, and acquitted, at the Old Bailey in September, 1758, the prosecutrix, Mary Walthow, being unable to prove “that the goods charged to have been stolen (a counterpane, a silver spoon, two napkins, etc.) were her property.

counterpanenoun

decorative cover for a bed

From this reading She was tried, and acquitted, at the Old Bailey in September, 1758, the prosecutrix, Mary Walthow, being unable to prove “that the goods charged to have been stolen (a counterpane, a silver spoon, two napkins, etc.) were her property.

darknounUS /dɑːrk/

absence of light or illumination

From this reading “When first I drew my vital breath, A little minikin I came upon earth And then I came from a dark abode, Into this gay and gaudy world,”--ED,] [Footnote 52: Malone gives some further particulars about Bet Flint in a note to Boswell's “Life of Johnson.”

Dean-street

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bet does not appear to have lived at that time in a very genteel style; for she paid for her ready-furnished room in Meard's-court, Dean-street, Soho, from which these articles were alleged to be stolen, only five shillings a week.”--ED.]

doesauxiliary verbUS /dʌz/

the form of “do” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Bet does not appear to have lived at that time in a very genteel style; for she paid for her ready-furnished room in Meard's-court, Dean-street, Soho, from which these articles were alleged to be stolen, only five shillings a week.”--ED.]

drewnounUS /druː/

United States actor (born in Ireland); father of Georgiana Emma Barrymore (1827-1862)

From this reading “When first I drew my vital breath, A little minikin I came upon earth And then I came from a dark abode, Into this gay and gaudy world,”--ED,] [Footnote 52: Malone gives some further particulars about Bet Flint in a note to Boswell's “Life of Johnson.”

earthnounUS /ɜːrθ/

the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on

From this reading “When first I drew my vital breath, A little minikin I came upon earth And then I came from a dark abode, Into this gay and gaudy world,”--ED,] [Footnote 52: Malone gives some further particulars about Bet Flint in a note to Boswell's “Life of Johnson.”

EDnounUS /ed/

impotence resulting from a man's inability to have or maintain an erection of his penis

From this reading “When first I drew my vital breath, A little minikin I came upon earth And then I came from a dark abode, Into this gay and gaudy world,”--ED,] [Footnote 52: Malone gives some further particulars about Bet Flint in a note to Boswell's “Life of Johnson.”

etc

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She was tried, and acquitted, at the Old Bailey in September, 1758, the prosecutrix, Mary Walthow, being unable to prove “that the goods charged to have been stolen (a counterpane, a silver spoon, two napkins, etc.) were her property.

evidencenounUS /ˈevədəns/

your basis for belief or disbelief; knowledge on which to base belief

From this reading This man, her lover, was hanged in January, 1776, for forgery, and the fascinating Margaret appeared as evidence against him.

famenounUS /feɪm/

the state or quality of being widely honored and acclaimed

From this reading [Footnote 53: Margaret Caroline Rudd was in great notoriety about the year 1776, from the fame of her powers of fascination, which, it was said, had brought a man to the gallows.

fascinatingadjectiveUS /ˈfæsəneɪtɪŋ/

capable of arousing and holding the attention

From this reading This man, her lover, was hanged in January, 1776, for forgery, and the fascinating Margaret appeared as evidence against him.

fascinationnounUS /ˌfæsəˈneɪʃən/

the state of being intensely interested (as by awe or terror)

From this reading [Footnote 53: Margaret Caroline Rudd was in great notoriety about the year 1776, from the fame of her powers of fascination, which, it was said, had brought a man to the gallows.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading “When first I drew my vital breath, A little minikin I came upon earth And then I came from a dark abode, Into this gay and gaudy world,”--ED,] [Footnote 52: Malone gives some further particulars about Bet Flint in a note to Boswell's “Life of Johnson.”

fivenounUS /faɪv/

the cardinal number that is the sum of four and one

From this reading Bet does not appear to have lived at that time in a very genteel style; for she paid for her ready-furnished room in Meard's-court, Dean-street, Soho, from which these articles were alleged to be stolen, only five shillings a week.”--ED.]

FlintnounUS /flɪnt/

a hard kind of stone; a form of silica more opaque than chalcedony

From this reading “When first I drew my vital breath, A little minikin I came upon earth And then I came from a dark abode, Into this gay and gaudy world,”--ED,] [Footnote 52: Malone gives some further particulars about Bet Flint in a note to Boswell's “Life of Johnson.”

FootnotenounUS /ˈfʊtnoʊt/

a printed note placed below the text on a printed page

From this reading “When first I drew my vital breath, A little minikin I came upon earth And then I came from a dark abode, Into this gay and gaudy world,”--ED,] [Footnote 52: Malone gives some further particulars about Bet Flint in a note to Boswell's “Life of Johnson.”

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Bet does not appear to have lived at that time in a very genteel style; for she paid for her ready-furnished room in Meard's-court, Dean-street, Soho, from which these articles were alleged to be stolen, only five shillings a week.”--ED.]

forgerynounUS /ˈfɔːrdʒəri/

a copy that is represented as the original

From this reading This man, her lover, was hanged in January, 1776, for forgery, and the fascinating Margaret appeared as evidence against him.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading “When first I drew my vital breath, A little minikin I came upon earth And then I came from a dark abode, Into this gay and gaudy world,”--ED,] [Footnote 52: Malone gives some further particulars about Bet Flint in a note to Boswell's “Life of Johnson.”

furtheradverbUS /ˈfɜːrðər/

to or at a greater extent or degree or a more advanced stage (“further” is used more often than “farther” in this abstract sense)

From this reading “When first I drew my vital breath, A little minikin I came upon earth And then I came from a dark abode, Into this gay and gaudy world,”--ED,] [Footnote 52: Malone gives some further particulars about Bet Flint in a note to Boswell's “Life of Johnson.”

gallowsnounUS /ˈɡæloʊz/

an instrument of execution consisting of a wooden frame from which a condemned person is executed by hanging

From this reading [Footnote 53: Margaret Caroline Rudd was in great notoriety about the year 1776, from the fame of her powers of fascination, which, it was said, had brought a man to the gallows.

gaudyadjectiveUS /ˈɡɔːdi/

tastelessly showy

From this reading “When first I drew my vital breath, A little minikin I came upon earth And then I came from a dark abode, Into this gay and gaudy world,”--ED,] [Footnote 52: Malone gives some further particulars about Bet Flint in a note to Boswell's “Life of Johnson.”

gayadjectiveUS /ɡeɪ/

bright and pleasant; promoting a feeling of cheer

From this reading “When first I drew my vital breath, A little minikin I came upon earth And then I came from a dark abode, Into this gay and gaudy world,”--ED,] [Footnote 52: Malone gives some further particulars about Bet Flint in a note to Boswell's “Life of Johnson.”

genteeladjectiveUS /dʒenˈtiːl/

marked by refinement in taste and manners

From this reading Bet does not appear to have lived at that time in a very genteel style; for she paid for her ready-furnished room in Meard's-court, Dean-street, Soho, from which these articles were alleged to be stolen, only five shillings a week.”--ED.]

givesnounUS /ɡɪvz/

plural of “give” — the elasticity of something that can be stretched and returns to its original length

From this reading “When first I drew my vital breath, A little minikin I came upon earth And then I came from a dark abode, Into this gay and gaudy world,”--ED,] [Footnote 52: Malone gives some further particulars about Bet Flint in a note to Boswell's “Life of Johnson.”

goodsnounUS /ɡʊdz/

plural of “good” — benefit

From this reading She was tried, and acquitted, at the Old Bailey in September, 1758, the prosecutrix, Mary Walthow, being unable to prove “that the goods charged to have been stolen (a counterpane, a silver spoon, two napkins, etc.) were her property.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading [Footnote 53: Margaret Caroline Rudd was in great notoriety about the year 1776, from the fame of her powers of fascination, which, it was said, had brought a man to the gallows.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading [Footnote 53: Margaret Caroline Rudd was in great notoriety about the year 1776, from the fame of her powers of fascination, which, it was said, had brought a man to the gallows.

hangedverbUS /hæŋd/

past form of “hang” — be suspended or hanging

From this reading This man, her lover, was hanged in January, 1776, for forgery, and the fascinating Margaret appeared as evidence against him.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading She was tried, and acquitted, at the Old Bailey in September, 1758, the prosecutrix, Mary Walthow, being unable to prove “that the goods charged to have been stolen (a counterpane, a silver spoon, two napkins, etc.) were her property.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading She was tried, and acquitted, at the Old Bailey in September, 1758, the prosecutrix, Mary Walthow, being unable to prove “that the goods charged to have been stolen (a counterpane, a silver spoon, two napkins, etc.) were her property.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading This man, her lover, was hanged in January, 1776, for forgery, and the fascinating Margaret appeared as evidence against him.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading “When first I drew my vital breath, A little minikin I came upon earth And then I came from a dark abode, Into this gay and gaudy world,”--ED,] [Footnote 52: Malone gives some further particulars about Bet Flint in a note to Boswell's “Life of Johnson.”

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading “When first I drew my vital breath, A little minikin I came upon earth And then I came from a dark abode, Into this gay and gaudy world,”--ED,] [Footnote 52: Malone gives some further particulars about Bet Flint in a note to Boswell's “Life of Johnson.”

IntoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading “When first I drew my vital breath, A little minikin I came upon earth And then I came from a dark abode, Into this gay and gaudy world,”--ED,] [Footnote 52: Malone gives some further particulars about Bet Flint in a note to Boswell's “Life of Johnson.”

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading [Footnote 53: Margaret Caroline Rudd was in great notoriety about the year 1776, from the fame of her powers of fascination, which, it was said, had brought a man to the gallows.

JanuarynounUS /ˈdʒænjuːeri/

the first month of the year; begins 10 days after the winter solstice

From this reading This man, her lover, was hanged in January, 1776, for forgery, and the fascinating Margaret appeared as evidence against him.

JohnsonnounUS /ˈdʒɑːnsən/

English writer and lexicographer (1709-1784)

From this reading “When first I drew my vital breath, A little minikin I came upon earth And then I came from a dark abode, Into this gay and gaudy world,”--ED,] [Footnote 52: Malone gives some further particulars about Bet Flint in a note to Boswell's “Life of Johnson.”

LifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading “When first I drew my vital breath, A little minikin I came upon earth And then I came from a dark abode, Into this gay and gaudy world,”--ED,] [Footnote 52: Malone gives some further particulars about Bet Flint in a note to Boswell's “Life of Johnson.”

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading “When first I drew my vital breath, A little minikin I came upon earth And then I came from a dark abode, Into this gay and gaudy world,”--ED,] [Footnote 52: Malone gives some further particulars about Bet Flint in a note to Boswell's “Life of Johnson.”

livedverbUS /lɪvd/

past form of “live” — be an inhabitant of or reside in

From this reading Bet does not appear to have lived at that time in a very genteel style; for she paid for her ready-furnished room in Meard's-court, Dean-street, Soho, from which these articles were alleged to be stolen, only five shillings a week.”--ED.]

lovernounUS /ˈlʌvər/

a person who loves someone or is loved by someone

From this reading This man, her lover, was hanged in January, 1776, for forgery, and the fascinating Margaret appeared as evidence against him.

MalonenounUS /məˈloʊn/

English scholar remembered for his chronology of Shakespeare's plays and his editions of Shakespeare and Dryden (1741-1812)

From this reading “When first I drew my vital breath, A little minikin I came upon earth And then I came from a dark abode, Into this gay and gaudy world,”--ED,] [Footnote 52: Malone gives some further particulars about Bet Flint in a note to Boswell's “Life of Johnson.”

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading [Footnote 53: Margaret Caroline Rudd was in great notoriety about the year 1776, from the fame of her powers of fascination, which, it was said, had brought a man to the gallows.

Margaret

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading [Footnote 53: Margaret Caroline Rudd was in great notoriety about the year 1776, from the fame of her powers of fascination, which, it was said, had brought a man to the gallows.

MarynounUS /ˈmeri/

the mother of Jesus; Christians refer to her as the Virgin Mary; she is especially honored by Roman Catholics

From this reading She was tried, and acquitted, at the Old Bailey in September, 1758, the prosecutrix, Mary Walthow, being unable to prove “that the goods charged to have been stolen (a counterpane, a silver spoon, two napkins, etc.) were her property.

Meard's-court

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bet does not appear to have lived at that time in a very genteel style; for she paid for her ready-furnished room in Meard's-court, Dean-street, Soho, from which these articles were alleged to be stolen, only five shillings a week.”--ED.]

minikin

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “When first I drew my vital breath, A little minikin I came upon earth And then I came from a dark abode, Into this gay and gaudy world,”--ED,] [Footnote 52: Malone gives some further particulars about Bet Flint in a note to Boswell's “Life of Johnson.”

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading “When first I drew my vital breath, A little minikin I came upon earth And then I came from a dark abode, Into this gay and gaudy world,”--ED,] [Footnote 52: Malone gives some further particulars about Bet Flint in a note to Boswell's “Life of Johnson.”

napkinsnounUS /ˈnæpkɪnz/

plural of “napkin” — a small piece of table linen that is used to wipe the mouth and to cover the lap in order to protect clothing

From this reading She was tried, and acquitted, at the Old Bailey in September, 1758, the prosecutrix, Mary Walthow, being unable to prove “that the goods charged to have been stolen (a counterpane, a silver spoon, two napkins, etc.) were her property.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Bet does not appear to have lived at that time in a very genteel style; for she paid for her ready-furnished room in Meard's-court, Dean-street, Soho, from which these articles were alleged to be stolen, only five shillings a week.”--ED.]

notenounUS /noʊt/

a brief written record

From this reading “When first I drew my vital breath, A little minikin I came upon earth And then I came from a dark abode, Into this gay and gaudy world,”--ED,] [Footnote 52: Malone gives some further particulars about Bet Flint in a note to Boswell's “Life of Johnson.”

notorietynounUS /ˌnoʊtərˈaɪəti/

the state of being known for some unfavorable act or quality

From this reading [Footnote 53: Margaret Caroline Rudd was in great notoriety about the year 1776, from the fame of her powers of fascination, which, it was said, had brought a man to the gallows.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading “When first I drew my vital breath, A little minikin I came upon earth And then I came from a dark abode, Into this gay and gaudy world,”--ED,] [Footnote 52: Malone gives some further particulars about Bet Flint in a note to Boswell's “Life of Johnson.”

OldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading She was tried, and acquitted, at the Old Bailey in September, 1758, the prosecutrix, Mary Walthow, being unable to prove “that the goods charged to have been stolen (a counterpane, a silver spoon, two napkins, etc.) were her property.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading Bet does not appear to have lived at that time in a very genteel style; for she paid for her ready-furnished room in Meard's-court, Dean-street, Soho, from which these articles were alleged to be stolen, only five shillings a week.”--ED.]

paidadjectiveUS /peɪd/

marked by the reception of pay

From this reading Bet does not appear to have lived at that time in a very genteel style; for she paid for her ready-furnished room in Meard's-court, Dean-street, Soho, from which these articles were alleged to be stolen, only five shillings a week.”--ED.]

particularsnounUS /pərˈtɪkjələrz/

plural of “particular” — a fact about some part (as opposed to general)

From this reading “When first I drew my vital breath, A little minikin I came upon earth And then I came from a dark abode, Into this gay and gaudy world,”--ED,] [Footnote 52: Malone gives some further particulars about Bet Flint in a note to Boswell's “Life of Johnson.”

powersnounUS /ˈpaʊərz/

plural of “power” — possession of controlling influence

From this reading [Footnote 53: Margaret Caroline Rudd was in great notoriety about the year 1776, from the fame of her powers of fascination, which, it was said, had brought a man to the gallows.

propertynounUS /ˈprɑːpərti/

something owned; any tangible or intangible possession that is owned by someone

From this reading She was tried, and acquitted, at the Old Bailey in September, 1758, the prosecutrix, Mary Walthow, being unable to prove “that the goods charged to have been stolen (a counterpane, a silver spoon, two napkins, etc.) were her property.

prosecutrix

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She was tried, and acquitted, at the Old Bailey in September, 1758, the prosecutrix, Mary Walthow, being unable to prove “that the goods charged to have been stolen (a counterpane, a silver spoon, two napkins, etc.) were her property.

proveverbUS /pruːv/

be shown or be found to be

From this reading She was tried, and acquitted, at the Old Bailey in September, 1758, the prosecutrix, Mary Walthow, being unable to prove “that the goods charged to have been stolen (a counterpane, a silver spoon, two napkins, etc.) were her property.

ready-furnished

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bet does not appear to have lived at that time in a very genteel style; for she paid for her ready-furnished room in Meard's-court, Dean-street, Soho, from which these articles were alleged to be stolen, only five shillings a week.”--ED.]

roomnounUS /ruːm/

an area within a building enclosed by walls and floor and ceiling

From this reading Bet does not appear to have lived at that time in a very genteel style; for she paid for her ready-furnished room in Meard's-court, Dean-street, Soho, from which these articles were alleged to be stolen, only five shillings a week.”--ED.]

RuddnounUS /rʌd/

European freshwater fish resembling the roach

From this reading [Footnote 53: Margaret Caroline Rudd was in great notoriety about the year 1776, from the fame of her powers of fascination, which, it was said, had brought a man to the gallows.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading [Footnote 53: Margaret Caroline Rudd was in great notoriety about the year 1776, from the fame of her powers of fascination, which, it was said, had brought a man to the gallows.

SeptembernounUS /sepˈtembər/

the month following August and preceding October

From this reading She was tried, and acquitted, at the Old Bailey in September, 1758, the prosecutrix, Mary Walthow, being unable to prove “that the goods charged to have been stolen (a counterpane, a silver spoon, two napkins, etc.) were her property.

ShepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading She was tried, and acquitted, at the Old Bailey in September, 1758, the prosecutrix, Mary Walthow, being unable to prove “that the goods charged to have been stolen (a counterpane, a silver spoon, two napkins, etc.) were her property.

shillingsnounUS /ˈʃɪlɪŋz/

plural of “shilling” — the basic unit of money in Uganda; equal to 100 cents

From this reading Bet does not appear to have lived at that time in a very genteel style; for she paid for her ready-furnished room in Meard's-court, Dean-street, Soho, from which these articles were alleged to be stolen, only five shillings a week.”--ED.]

silvernounUS /ˈsɪlvər/

a soft white precious univalent metallic element having the highest electrical and thermal conductivity of any metal; occurs in argentite and in free form; used in coins and jewelry and tableware and photography

From this reading She was tried, and acquitted, at the Old Bailey in September, 1758, the prosecutrix, Mary Walthow, being unable to prove “that the goods charged to have been stolen (a counterpane, a silver spoon, two napkins, etc.) were her property.

SohonounUS /ˈsoʊhoʊ/

a district in southwestern Manhattan noted for its shops and restaurants and galleries and artist's lofts

From this reading Bet does not appear to have lived at that time in a very genteel style; for she paid for her ready-furnished room in Meard's-court, Dean-street, Soho, from which these articles were alleged to be stolen, only five shillings a week.”--ED.]

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading “When first I drew my vital breath, A little minikin I came upon earth And then I came from a dark abode, Into this gay and gaudy world,”--ED,] [Footnote 52: Malone gives some further particulars about Bet Flint in a note to Boswell's “Life of Johnson.”

spoonnounUS /spuːn/

a piece of cutlery with a shallow bowl-shaped container and a handle; used to stir or serve or take up food

From this reading She was tried, and acquitted, at the Old Bailey in September, 1758, the prosecutrix, Mary Walthow, being unable to prove “that the goods charged to have been stolen (a counterpane, a silver spoon, two napkins, etc.) were her property.

stolenverbUS /ˈstoʊlən/

inflected form of “steal” — take without the owner's consent

From this reading She was tried, and acquitted, at the Old Bailey in September, 1758, the prosecutrix, Mary Walthow, being unable to prove “that the goods charged to have been stolen (a counterpane, a silver spoon, two napkins, etc.) were her property.

stylenounUS /staɪl/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading Bet does not appear to have lived at that time in a very genteel style; for she paid for her ready-furnished room in Meard's-court, Dean-street, Soho, from which these articles were alleged to be stolen, only five shillings a week.”--ED.]

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading She was tried, and acquitted, at the Old Bailey in September, 1758, the prosecutrix, Mary Walthow, being unable to prove “that the goods charged to have been stolen (a counterpane, a silver spoon, two napkins, etc.) were her property.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading She was tried, and acquitted, at the Old Bailey in September, 1758, the prosecutrix, Mary Walthow, being unable to prove “that the goods charged to have been stolen (a counterpane, a silver spoon, two napkins, etc.) were her property.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading “When first I drew my vital breath, A little minikin I came upon earth And then I came from a dark abode, Into this gay and gaudy world,”--ED,] [Footnote 52: Malone gives some further particulars about Bet Flint in a note to Boswell's “Life of Johnson.”

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading Bet does not appear to have lived at that time in a very genteel style; for she paid for her ready-furnished room in Meard's-court, Dean-street, Soho, from which these articles were alleged to be stolen, only five shillings a week.”--ED.]

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading “When first I drew my vital breath, A little minikin I came upon earth And then I came from a dark abode, Into this gay and gaudy world,”--ED,] [Footnote 52: Malone gives some further particulars about Bet Flint in a note to Boswell's “Life of Johnson.”

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Bet does not appear to have lived at that time in a very genteel style; for she paid for her ready-furnished room in Meard's-court, Dean-street, Soho, from which these articles were alleged to be stolen, only five shillings a week.”--ED.]

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading “When first I drew my vital breath, A little minikin I came upon earth And then I came from a dark abode, Into this gay and gaudy world,”--ED,] [Footnote 52: Malone gives some further particulars about Bet Flint in a note to Boswell's “Life of Johnson.”

triedadjectiveUS /traɪd/

tested and proved useful or correct

From this reading She was tried, and acquitted, at the Old Bailey in September, 1758, the prosecutrix, Mary Walthow, being unable to prove “that the goods charged to have been stolen (a counterpane, a silver spoon, two napkins, etc.) were her property.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading She was tried, and acquitted, at the Old Bailey in September, 1758, the prosecutrix, Mary Walthow, being unable to prove “that the goods charged to have been stolen (a counterpane, a silver spoon, two napkins, etc.) were her property.

unableadjectiveUS /əˈneɪbəl/

(usually followed by “to”) not having the necessary means or skill or know-how

From this reading She was tried, and acquitted, at the Old Bailey in September, 1758, the prosecutrix, Mary Walthow, being unable to prove “that the goods charged to have been stolen (a counterpane, a silver spoon, two napkins, etc.) were her property.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading “When first I drew my vital breath, A little minikin I came upon earth And then I came from a dark abode, Into this gay and gaudy world,”--ED,] [Footnote 52: Malone gives some further particulars about Bet Flint in a note to Boswell's “Life of Johnson.”

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading Bet does not appear to have lived at that time in a very genteel style; for she paid for her ready-furnished room in Meard's-court, Dean-street, Soho, from which these articles were alleged to be stolen, only five shillings a week.”--ED.]

vitaladjectiveUS /ˈvaɪtəl/

urgently needed; absolutely necessary

From this reading “When first I drew my vital breath, A little minikin I came upon earth And then I came from a dark abode, Into this gay and gaudy world,”--ED,] [Footnote 52: Malone gives some further particulars about Bet Flint in a note to Boswell's “Life of Johnson.”

Walthow

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She was tried, and acquitted, at the Old Bailey in September, 1758, the prosecutrix, Mary Walthow, being unable to prove “that the goods charged to have been stolen (a counterpane, a silver spoon, two napkins, etc.) were her property.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading She was tried, and acquitted, at the Old Bailey in September, 1758, the prosecutrix, Mary Walthow, being unable to prove “that the goods charged to have been stolen (a counterpane, a silver spoon, two napkins, etc.) were her property.

weeknounUS /wiːk/

any period of seven consecutive days

From this reading Bet does not appear to have lived at that time in a very genteel style; for she paid for her ready-furnished room in Meard's-court, Dean-street, Soho, from which these articles were alleged to be stolen, only five shillings a week.”--ED.]

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading She was tried, and acquitted, at the Old Bailey in September, 1758, the prosecutrix, Mary Walthow, being unable to prove “that the goods charged to have been stolen (a counterpane, a silver spoon, two napkins, etc.) were her property.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading “When first I drew my vital breath, A little minikin I came upon earth And then I came from a dark abode, Into this gay and gaudy world,”--ED,] [Footnote 52: Malone gives some further particulars about Bet Flint in a note to Boswell's “Life of Johnson.”

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Bet does not appear to have lived at that time in a very genteel style; for she paid for her ready-furnished room in Meard's-court, Dean-street, Soho, from which these articles were alleged to be stolen, only five shillings a week.”--ED.]

worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading “When first I drew my vital breath, A little minikin I came upon earth And then I came from a dark abode, Into this gay and gaudy world,”--ED,] [Footnote 52: Malone gives some further particulars about Bet Flint in a note to Boswell's “Life of Johnson.”

yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading [Footnote 53: Margaret Caroline Rudd was in great notoriety about the year 1776, from the fame of her powers of fascination, which, it was said, had brought a man to the gallows.

Chapter 20 of The Diary and Letters of Madame D'Arblay — Volume 1 by Fanny Burney holds 410 sentences, grouped into 82 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 20 of The Diary and Letters of Madame D'Arblay — Volume 1 contain?

Chapter 20 holds 410 sentences of The Diary and Letters of Madame D'Arblay — Volume 1, unabridged, divided into 82 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 20 of The Diary and Letters of Madame D'Arblay — Volume 1 by Fanny Burney exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 410 sentences, grouped into 82 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 20 of The Diary and Letters of Madame D'Arblay — Volume 1?

Work through the 82 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 82 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 20 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 20 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Diary and Letters of Madame D'Arblay — Volume 1

Common questions about reading The Diary and Letters of Madame D'Arblay — Volume 1 by Fanny Burney on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Diary and Letters of Madame D'Arblay — Volume 1?

Yes. All 8033 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #5826 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Diary and Letters of Madame D'Arblay — Volume 1 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #5826, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Diary and Letters of Madame D'Arblay — Volume 1 take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1607 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Diary and Letters of Madame D'Arblay — Volume 1 section by section

How to work through The Diary and Letters of Madame D'Arblay — Volume 1 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 20 chapters of The Diary and Letters of Madame D'Arblay — Volume 1 to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Diary and Letters of Madame D'Arblay — Volume 1

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Diary and Letters of Madame D'Arblay — Volume 1, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Notes
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Diary and Letters of Madame D'Arblay — Volume 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Prefaced
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Diary and Letters of Madame D'Arblay — Volume 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Macaulay's
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Diary and Letters of Madame D'Arblay — Volume 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Essay
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Diary and Letters of Madame D'Arblay — Volume 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.