Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
The Dictator
The Dictator

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Dictator is here in full — 113 sentences across 23 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Dictator
Context Illustration Reading 1/22 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The room which the Dictator entered was an attractive room, bright with flowers, which Miss Paulo had been pleased to arrange herself--bright with the persevering sunshine.
It was decorated, like his bedroom, with the restrained richness of the mid-eighteenth century.
With discretion, Paulo had slightly adapted the accessories of the room to please by suggestion the susceptibilities of its occupant.
A marble bust of Caesar stood upon the dwarf bookcase.
A copy of a famous portrait of Napoleon was on one of the walls; on another an engraving of Dr. Francia still more delicately associated great leaders with South America.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Dictator

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Dictator is here in full — 113 sentences across 23 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/22 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The room which the Dictator entered was an attractive room, bright with flowers, which Miss Paulo had been pleased to arrange herself--bright with the persevering sunshine.
Line 2
It was decorated, like his bedroom, with the restrained richness of the mid-eighteenth century.
Line 3
With discretion, Paulo had slightly adapted the accessories of the room to please by suggestion the susceptibilities of its occupant.
Line 4
A marble bust of Caesar stood upon the dwarf bookcase.
/ə ˈmɑːrbəl bʌst ʌv ˈsiːzər stʊd əˈpɑːn ðə dwɔːrf ˈbʊkkeɪs/
Line 5
A copy of a famous portrait of Napoleon was on one of the walls; on another an engraving of Dr. Francia still more delicately associated great leaders with South America.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

accessories noun US /ækˈsesəriz/

plural of “accessory” — clothing that is worn or carried, but not part of your main clothing

From this reading “With discretion, Paulo had slightly adapted the accessories of the room to please by suggestion the susceptibilities of its occupant.”

bookcase noun US /ˈbʊkkeɪs/

a piece of furniture with shelves for storing books

From this reading “A marble bust of Caesar stood upon the dwarf bookcase.”

bust verb US /bʌst/

ruin completely

From this reading “A marble bust of Caesar stood upon the dwarf bookcase.”

Dictator noun US /dɪkˈteɪtər/

a speaker who dictates to a secretary or a recording machine

From this reading “The room which the Dictator entered was an attractive room, bright with flowers, which Miss Paulo had been pleased to arrange herself--bright with the persevering sunshine.”

engraving noun US /ɪnˈɡreɪvɪŋ/

a print made from an engraving

From this reading “A copy of a famous portrait of Napoleon was on one of the walls; on another an engraving of Dr. Francia still more delicately associated great leaders with South America.”

occupant noun US /ˈɑːkjəpənt/

someone who lives at a particular place for a prolonged period or who was born there

From this reading “With discretion, Paulo had slightly adapted the accessories of the room to please by suggestion the susceptibilities of its occupant.”

persevering adjective US /pərsəˈvɪrɪŋ/

quietly and steadily persevering especially in detail or exactness

From this reading “The room which the Dictator entered was an attractive room, bright with flowers, which Miss Paulo had been pleased to arrange herself--bright with the persevering sunshine.”

richness noun US /ˈrɪtʃnəs/

the property of being extremely abundant

From this reading “It was decorated, like his bedroom, with the restrained richness of the mid-eighteenth century.”

All words in this reading · 68

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A marble bust of Caesar stood upon the dwarf bookcase.

accessoriesnounUS /ækˈsesəriz/

plural of “accessory” — clothing that is worn or carried, but not part of your main clothing

From this reading With discretion, Paulo had slightly adapted the accessories of the room to please by suggestion the susceptibilities of its occupant.

adaptedadjectiveUS /əˈdæptɪd/

changed in order to improve or made more fit for a particular purpose

From this reading With discretion, Paulo had slightly adapted the accessories of the room to please by suggestion the susceptibilities of its occupant.

AmericanounUS /əˈmerəkə/

North American republic containing 50 states - 48 conterminous states in North America plus Alaska in northwest North America and the Hawaiian Islands in the Pacific Ocean; achieved independence in 1776

From this reading A copy of a famous portrait of Napoleon was on one of the walls; on another an engraving of Dr. Francia still more delicately associated great leaders with South America.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading The room which the Dictator entered was an attractive room, bright with flowers, which Miss Paulo had been pleased to arrange herself--bright with the persevering sunshine.

anotherdeterminerUS /əˈnʌðər/

one more of the same kind, or a different one

From this reading A copy of a famous portrait of Napoleon was on one of the walls; on another an engraving of Dr. Francia still more delicately associated great leaders with South America.

arrangeverbUS /ərˈeɪndʒ/

put into a proper or systematic order

From this reading The room which the Dictator entered was an attractive room, bright with flowers, which Miss Paulo had been pleased to arrange herself--bright with the persevering sunshine.

associatedverbUS /əˈsoʊsieɪtɪd/

past form of “associate” — make a logical or causal connection

From this reading A copy of a famous portrait of Napoleon was on one of the walls; on another an engraving of Dr. Francia still more delicately associated great leaders with South America.

attractiveadjectiveUS /əˈtræktɪv/

pleasing to the eye or mind especially through beauty or charm

From this reading The room which the Dictator entered was an attractive room, bright with flowers, which Miss Paulo had been pleased to arrange herself--bright with the persevering sunshine.

bedroomnounUS /ˈbedruːm/

a room used primarily for sleeping

From this reading It was decorated, like his bedroom, with the restrained richness of the mid-eighteenth century.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading The room which the Dictator entered was an attractive room, bright with flowers, which Miss Paulo had been pleased to arrange herself--bright with the persevering sunshine.

bookcasenounUS /ˈbʊkkeɪs/

a piece of furniture with shelves for storing books

From this reading A marble bust of Caesar stood upon the dwarf bookcase.

brightadjectiveUS /braɪt/

emitting or reflecting light readily or in large amounts

From this reading The room which the Dictator entered was an attractive room, bright with flowers, which Miss Paulo had been pleased to arrange herself--bright with the persevering sunshine.

bustverbUS /bʌst/

ruin completely

From this reading A marble bust of Caesar stood upon the dwarf bookcase.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading With discretion, Paulo had slightly adapted the accessories of the room to please by suggestion the susceptibilities of its occupant.

CaesarnounUS /ˈsiːzər/

conqueror of Gaul and master of Italy (100-44 BC)

From this reading A marble bust of Caesar stood upon the dwarf bookcase.

centurynounUS /ˈsentʃəri/

a period of 100 years

From this reading It was decorated, like his bedroom, with the restrained richness of the mid-eighteenth century.

copynounUS /ˈkɑːpi/

a reproduction of a written record (e.g. of a legal or school record)

From this reading A copy of a famous portrait of Napoleon was on one of the walls; on another an engraving of Dr. Francia still more delicately associated great leaders with South America.

decoratedadjectiveUS /ˈdekəreɪtɪd/

provided with something intended to increase its beauty or distinction

From this reading It was decorated, like his bedroom, with the restrained richness of the mid-eighteenth century.

delicatelyadverbUS /ˈdeləkətli/

in a delicate manner

From this reading A copy of a famous portrait of Napoleon was on one of the walls; on another an engraving of Dr. Francia still more delicately associated great leaders with South America.

DictatornounUS /dɪkˈteɪtər/

a speaker who dictates to a secretary or a recording machine

From this reading The room which the Dictator entered was an attractive room, bright with flowers, which Miss Paulo had been pleased to arrange herself--bright with the persevering sunshine.

discretionnounUS /dɪˈskreʃən/

freedom to act or judge on one's own

From this reading With discretion, Paulo had slightly adapted the accessories of the room to please by suggestion the susceptibilities of its occupant.

Dr

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A copy of a famous portrait of Napoleon was on one of the walls; on another an engraving of Dr. Francia still more delicately associated great leaders with South America.

dwarfnounUS /dwɔːrf/

a person who is markedly small

From this reading A marble bust of Caesar stood upon the dwarf bookcase.

engravingnounUS /ɪnˈɡreɪvɪŋ/

a print made from an engraving

From this reading A copy of a famous portrait of Napoleon was on one of the walls; on another an engraving of Dr. Francia still more delicately associated great leaders with South America.

enteredverbUS /ˈentərd/

past form of “enter” — to come or go into

From this reading The room which the Dictator entered was an attractive room, bright with flowers, which Miss Paulo had been pleased to arrange herself--bright with the persevering sunshine.

famousadjectiveUS /ˈfeɪməs/

widely known and esteemed

From this reading A copy of a famous portrait of Napoleon was on one of the walls; on another an engraving of Dr. Francia still more delicately associated great leaders with South America.

flowersnounUS /ˈflaʊərz/

plural of “flower” — a plant cultivated for its blooms or blossoms

From this reading The room which the Dictator entered was an attractive room, bright with flowers, which Miss Paulo had been pleased to arrange herself--bright with the persevering sunshine.

Francia

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A copy of a famous portrait of Napoleon was on one of the walls; on another an engraving of Dr. Francia still more delicately associated great leaders with South America.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading A copy of a famous portrait of Napoleon was on one of the walls; on another an engraving of Dr. Francia still more delicately associated great leaders with South America.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The room which the Dictator entered was an attractive room, bright with flowers, which Miss Paulo had been pleased to arrange herself--bright with the persevering sunshine.

herselfpronounUS /hərˈself/

used when the woman or girl doing the action is also its object

From this reading The room which the Dictator entered was an attractive room, bright with flowers, which Miss Paulo had been pleased to arrange herself--bright with the persevering sunshine.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading It was decorated, like his bedroom, with the restrained richness of the mid-eighteenth century.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was decorated, like his bedroom, with the restrained richness of the mid-eighteenth century.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading With discretion, Paulo had slightly adapted the accessories of the room to please by suggestion the susceptibilities of its occupant.

leadersnounUS /ˈliːdərz/

the body of people who lead a group

From this reading A copy of a famous portrait of Napoleon was on one of the walls; on another an engraving of Dr. Francia still more delicately associated great leaders with South America.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading It was decorated, like his bedroom, with the restrained richness of the mid-eighteenth century.

marblenounUS /ˈmɑːrbəl/

a hard crystalline metamorphic rock that takes a high polish; used for sculpture and as building material

From this reading A marble bust of Caesar stood upon the dwarf bookcase.

mid-eighteenth

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was decorated, like his bedroom, with the restrained richness of the mid-eighteenth century.

MissverbUS /mɪs/

fail to perceive or to catch with the senses or the mind

From this reading The room which the Dictator entered was an attractive room, bright with flowers, which Miss Paulo had been pleased to arrange herself--bright with the persevering sunshine.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading A copy of a famous portrait of Napoleon was on one of the walls; on another an engraving of Dr. Francia still more delicately associated great leaders with South America.

NapoleonnounUS /nəˈpoʊliən/

French general who became emperor of the French (1769-1821)

From this reading A copy of a famous portrait of Napoleon was on one of the walls; on another an engraving of Dr. Francia still more delicately associated great leaders with South America.

occupantnounUS /ˈɑːkjəpənt/

someone who lives at a particular place for a prolonged period or who was born there

From this reading With discretion, Paulo had slightly adapted the accessories of the room to please by suggestion the susceptibilities of its occupant.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading It was decorated, like his bedroom, with the restrained richness of the mid-eighteenth century.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading A copy of a famous portrait of Napoleon was on one of the walls; on another an engraving of Dr. Francia still more delicately associated great leaders with South America.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading A copy of a famous portrait of Napoleon was on one of the walls; on another an engraving of Dr. Francia still more delicately associated great leaders with South America.

Paulo

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The room which the Dictator entered was an attractive room, bright with flowers, which Miss Paulo had been pleased to arrange herself--bright with the persevering sunshine.

perseveringadjectiveUS /pərsəˈvɪrɪŋ/

quietly and steadily persevering especially in detail or exactness

From this reading The room which the Dictator entered was an attractive room, bright with flowers, which Miss Paulo had been pleased to arrange herself--bright with the persevering sunshine.

pleaseverbUS /pliːz/

give pleasure to or be pleasing to

From this reading With discretion, Paulo had slightly adapted the accessories of the room to please by suggestion the susceptibilities of its occupant.

pleasedadjectiveUS /pliːzd/

experiencing or manifesting pleasure

From this reading The room which the Dictator entered was an attractive room, bright with flowers, which Miss Paulo had been pleased to arrange herself--bright with the persevering sunshine.

portraitnounUS /ˈpɔːrtrət/

a word picture of a person's appearance and character

From this reading A copy of a famous portrait of Napoleon was on one of the walls; on another an engraving of Dr. Francia still more delicately associated great leaders with South America.

restrainedadjectiveUS /riˈstreɪnd/

cool and formal in manner

From this reading It was decorated, like his bedroom, with the restrained richness of the mid-eighteenth century.

richnessnounUS /ˈrɪtʃnəs/

the property of being extremely abundant

From this reading It was decorated, like his bedroom, with the restrained richness of the mid-eighteenth century.

roomnounUS /ruːm/

an area within a building enclosed by walls and floor and ceiling

From this reading The room which the Dictator entered was an attractive room, bright with flowers, which Miss Paulo had been pleased to arrange herself--bright with the persevering sunshine.

slightlyadverbUS /ˈslaɪtli/

to a small degree or extent

From this reading With discretion, Paulo had slightly adapted the accessories of the room to please by suggestion the susceptibilities of its occupant.

SouthnounUS /saʊθ/

the region of the United States lying to the south of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading A copy of a famous portrait of Napoleon was on one of the walls; on another an engraving of Dr. Francia still more delicately associated great leaders with South America.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading A copy of a famous portrait of Napoleon was on one of the walls; on another an engraving of Dr. Francia still more delicately associated great leaders with South America.

stoodverbUS /stʊd/

Maintained an upright posture.

From this reading A marble bust of Caesar stood upon the dwarf bookcase.

suggestionnounUS /səˈdʒestʃən/

an idea that is suggested

From this reading With discretion, Paulo had slightly adapted the accessories of the room to please by suggestion the susceptibilities of its occupant.

sunshinenounUS /ˈsʌnʃaɪn/

the rays of the sun

From this reading The room which the Dictator entered was an attractive room, bright with flowers, which Miss Paulo had been pleased to arrange herself--bright with the persevering sunshine.

susceptibilities

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading With discretion, Paulo had slightly adapted the accessories of the room to please by suggestion the susceptibilities of its occupant.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The room which the Dictator entered was an attractive room, bright with flowers, which Miss Paulo had been pleased to arrange herself--bright with the persevering sunshine.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The room which the Dictator entered was an attractive room, bright with flowers, which Miss Paulo had been pleased to arrange herself--bright with the persevering sunshine.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading A marble bust of Caesar stood upon the dwarf bookcase.

wallsnounUS /wɔːlz/

plural of “wall” — an architectural partition with a height and length greater than its thickness; used to divide or enclose an area or to support another structure

From this reading A copy of a famous portrait of Napoleon was on one of the walls; on another an engraving of Dr. Francia still more delicately associated great leaders with South America.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The room which the Dictator entered was an attractive room, bright with flowers, which Miss Paulo had been pleased to arrange herself--bright with the persevering sunshine.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The room which the Dictator entered was an attractive room, bright with flowers, which Miss Paulo had been pleased to arrange herself--bright with the persevering sunshine.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The room which the Dictator entered was an attractive room, bright with flowers, which Miss Paulo had been pleased to arrange herself--bright with the persevering sunshine.

Chapter 1 of The Dictator by Justin McCarthy holds 113 sentences, grouped into 23 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of The Dictator contain?

Chapter 1 holds 113 sentences of The Dictator, unabridged, divided into 23 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of The Dictator by Justin McCarthy exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 113 sentences, grouped into 23 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of The Dictator?

Work through the 23 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 23 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Dictator

Common questions about reading The Dictator by Justin McCarthy on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Dictator?

Yes. All 6365 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #21637 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Dictator is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #21637, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Dictator take to read?

About 530 minutes of reading across 1273 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Dictator section by section

How to work through The Dictator section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 26 chapters of The Dictator to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Dictator

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Dictator, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Dictator
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Dictator; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Entered
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Dictator; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Attractive
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Dictator; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Bright
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Dictator; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.