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The Downfall
The Downfall

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of The Downfall is here in full — 411 sentences across 83 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/82 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
For the sake of privacy he conducted his cousin to the little farmhouse that the soldiers had looted the day before, where the old peasant, undeterred by his losses and allured by the prospect of turning an honest penny, had tapped a cask of wine and set up a kind of public bar.
He had extemporized a counter from a board rested on two empty barrels before the door of his house, and over it he dealt out his stock in trade at four sous a glass, assisted by the strapping young Alsatian whom he had taken into his service three days before.
As Honoré was touching glasses with Maurice his eyes lighted on this man.
He gazed at him a moment as if stupefied, then let slip a terrible oath.
“_Tonnerre de Dieu!_ Goliah!”
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Downfall

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of The Downfall is here in full — 411 sentences across 83 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/82 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
For the sake of privacy he conducted his cousin to the little farmhouse that the soldiers had looted the day before, where the old peasant, undeterred by his losses and allured by the prospect of turning an honest penny, had tapped a cask of wine and set up a kind of public bar.
/fɔːr ðə seɪk ʌv ˈpraɪvəsi hiː kənˈdʌktəd hɪz ˈkʌzən tuː ðə ˈlɪtəl ˈfɑːrmhaʊs ðæt ðə ˈsoʊldʒərz hæd ˈluːtəd ðə deɪ bɪˈfɔːr wer ðə oʊld ˈpezənt ˌʌndɪˈtɜːrd baɪ hɪz ˈlɔːsəz ənd əˈlʊrd baɪ ðə ˈprɑːspekt ʌv ˈtɜːrnɪŋ æn ˈɑːnəst ˈpeni hæd tæpt ə kæsk ʌv waɪn ənd set ʌp ə kaɪnd ʌv ˈpʌblɪk bɑːr/
Line 2
He had extemporized a counter from a board rested on two empty barrels before the door of his house, and over it he dealt out his stock in trade at four sous a glass, assisted by the strapping young Alsatian whom he had taken into his service three days before.
Line 3
As Honoré was touching glasses with Maurice his eyes lighted on this man.
Line 4
He gazed at him a moment as if stupefied, then let slip a terrible oath.
Line 5
“_Tonnerre de Dieu!_ Goliah!”

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

allured verb US /əˈlʊrd/

past form of “allure” — dispose or incline or entice to

From this reading “For the sake of privacy he conducted his cousin to the little farmhouse that the soldiers had looted the day before, where the old peasant, undeterred by his losses and allured by the prospect of turning an honest penny, had tapped a cask of wine and set up a kind of public bar.”

Alsatian noun US /ælˈseɪʃən/

a native or inhabitant of Alsace

From this reading “He had extemporized a counter from a board rested on two empty barrels before the door of his house, and over it he dealt out his stock in trade at four sous a glass, assisted by the strapping young Alsatian whom he had taken into his service three days before.”

cask noun US /kæsk/

the quantity a cask will hold

From this reading “For the sake of privacy he conducted his cousin to the little farmhouse that the soldiers had looted the day before, where the old peasant, undeterred by his losses and allured by the prospect of turning an honest penny, had tapped a cask of wine and set up a kind of public bar.”

farmhouse noun US /ˈfɑːrmhaʊs/

house for a farmer and family

From this reading “For the sake of privacy he conducted his cousin to the little farmhouse that the soldiers had looted the day before, where the old peasant, undeterred by his losses and allured by the prospect of turning an honest penny, had tapped a cask of wine and set up a kind of public bar.”

looted adjective US /ˈluːtəd/

wrongfully emptied or stripped of anything of value

From this reading “For the sake of privacy he conducted his cousin to the little farmhouse that the soldiers had looted the day before, where the old peasant, undeterred by his losses and allured by the prospect of turning an honest penny, had tapped a cask of wine and set up a kind of public bar.”

sous noun US /suːz/

plural of “sou” — a former French coin of low denomination; often used of any small amount of money

From this reading “He had extemporized a counter from a board rested on two empty barrels before the door of his house, and over it he dealt out his stock in trade at four sous a glass, assisted by the strapping young Alsatian whom he had taken into his service three days before.”

strapping adjective US /ˈstræpɪŋ/

muscular and heavily built

From this reading “He had extemporized a counter from a board rested on two empty barrels before the door of his house, and over it he dealt out his stock in trade at four sous a glass, assisted by the strapping young Alsatian whom he had taken into his service three days before.”

undeterred adjective US /ˌʌndɪˈtɜːrd/

not deterred

From this reading “For the sake of privacy he conducted his cousin to the little farmhouse that the soldiers had looted the day before, where the old peasant, undeterred by his losses and allured by the prospect of turning an honest penny, had tapped a cask of wine and set up a kind of public bar.”

All words in this reading · 97

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading For the sake of privacy he conducted his cousin to the little farmhouse that the soldiers had looted the day before, where the old peasant, undeterred by his losses and allured by the prospect of turning an honest penny, had tapped a cask of wine and set up a kind of public bar.

alluredverbUS /əˈlʊrd/

past form of “allure” — dispose or incline or entice to

From this reading For the sake of privacy he conducted his cousin to the little farmhouse that the soldiers had looted the day before, where the old peasant, undeterred by his losses and allured by the prospect of turning an honest penny, had tapped a cask of wine and set up a kind of public bar.

AlsatiannounUS /ælˈseɪʃən/

a native or inhabitant of Alsace

From this reading He had extemporized a counter from a board rested on two empty barrels before the door of his house, and over it he dealt out his stock in trade at four sous a glass, assisted by the strapping young Alsatian whom he had taken into his service three days before.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading For the sake of privacy he conducted his cousin to the little farmhouse that the soldiers had looted the day before, where the old peasant, undeterred by his losses and allured by the prospect of turning an honest penny, had tapped a cask of wine and set up a kind of public bar.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading For the sake of privacy he conducted his cousin to the little farmhouse that the soldiers had looted the day before, where the old peasant, undeterred by his losses and allured by the prospect of turning an honest penny, had tapped a cask of wine and set up a kind of public bar.

AsconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading As Honoré was touching glasses with Maurice his eyes lighted on this man.

assistedadjectiveUS /əˈsɪstɪd/

having help; often used as a combining form

From this reading He had extemporized a counter from a board rested on two empty barrels before the door of his house, and over it he dealt out his stock in trade at four sous a glass, assisted by the strapping young Alsatian whom he had taken into his service three days before.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading He had extemporized a counter from a board rested on two empty barrels before the door of his house, and over it he dealt out his stock in trade at four sous a glass, assisted by the strapping young Alsatian whom he had taken into his service three days before.

barnounUS /bɑːr/

a room or establishment where alcoholic drinks are served over a counter

From this reading For the sake of privacy he conducted his cousin to the little farmhouse that the soldiers had looted the day before, where the old peasant, undeterred by his losses and allured by the prospect of turning an honest penny, had tapped a cask of wine and set up a kind of public bar.

barrelsnounUS /ˈbærəlz/

the amount that many barrels might hold

From this reading He had extemporized a counter from a board rested on two empty barrels before the door of his house, and over it he dealt out his stock in trade at four sous a glass, assisted by the strapping young Alsatian whom he had taken into his service three days before.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading For the sake of privacy he conducted his cousin to the little farmhouse that the soldiers had looted the day before, where the old peasant, undeterred by his losses and allured by the prospect of turning an honest penny, had tapped a cask of wine and set up a kind of public bar.

boardnounUS /bɔːrd/

a committee having supervisory powers

From this reading He had extemporized a counter from a board rested on two empty barrels before the door of his house, and over it he dealt out his stock in trade at four sous a glass, assisted by the strapping young Alsatian whom he had taken into his service three days before.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading For the sake of privacy he conducted his cousin to the little farmhouse that the soldiers had looted the day before, where the old peasant, undeterred by his losses and allured by the prospect of turning an honest penny, had tapped a cask of wine and set up a kind of public bar.

casknounUS /kæsk/

the quantity a cask will hold

From this reading For the sake of privacy he conducted his cousin to the little farmhouse that the soldiers had looted the day before, where the old peasant, undeterred by his losses and allured by the prospect of turning an honest penny, had tapped a cask of wine and set up a kind of public bar.

conductedverbUS /kənˈdʌktəd/

past form of “conduct” — direct the course of; manage or control

From this reading For the sake of privacy he conducted his cousin to the little farmhouse that the soldiers had looted the day before, where the old peasant, undeterred by his losses and allured by the prospect of turning an honest penny, had tapped a cask of wine and set up a kind of public bar.

counternounUS /ˈkaʊntər/

table consisting of a horizontal surface over which business is transacted

From this reading He had extemporized a counter from a board rested on two empty barrels before the door of his house, and over it he dealt out his stock in trade at four sous a glass, assisted by the strapping young Alsatian whom he had taken into his service three days before.

cousinnounUS /ˈkʌzən/

the child of your aunt or uncle

From this reading For the sake of privacy he conducted his cousin to the little farmhouse that the soldiers had looted the day before, where the old peasant, undeterred by his losses and allured by the prospect of turning an honest penny, had tapped a cask of wine and set up a kind of public bar.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading For the sake of privacy he conducted his cousin to the little farmhouse that the soldiers had looted the day before, where the old peasant, undeterred by his losses and allured by the prospect of turning an honest penny, had tapped a cask of wine and set up a kind of public bar.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading He had extemporized a counter from a board rested on two empty barrels before the door of his house, and over it he dealt out his stock in trade at four sous a glass, assisted by the strapping young Alsatian whom he had taken into his service three days before.

denounUS /diː/

a Mid-Atlantic state; one of the original 13 colonies

From this reading “_Tonnerre de Dieu!_ Goliah!”

dealtverbUS /delt/

inflected form of “deal” — act on verbally or in some form of artistic expression

From this reading He had extemporized a counter from a board rested on two empty barrels before the door of his house, and over it he dealt out his stock in trade at four sous a glass, assisted by the strapping young Alsatian whom he had taken into his service three days before.

Dieu

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “_Tonnerre de Dieu!_ Goliah!”

doornounUS /dɔːr/

a swinging or sliding barrier that will close the entrance to a room or building or vehicle

From this reading He had extemporized a counter from a board rested on two empty barrels before the door of his house, and over it he dealt out his stock in trade at four sous a glass, assisted by the strapping young Alsatian whom he had taken into his service three days before.

emptyverbUS /ˈempti/

make void or empty of contents

From this reading He had extemporized a counter from a board rested on two empty barrels before the door of his house, and over it he dealt out his stock in trade at four sous a glass, assisted by the strapping young Alsatian whom he had taken into his service three days before.

extemporized

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had extemporized a counter from a board rested on two empty barrels before the door of his house, and over it he dealt out his stock in trade at four sous a glass, assisted by the strapping young Alsatian whom he had taken into his service three days before.

eyesnounUS /aɪz/

opinion or judgment

From this reading As Honoré was touching glasses with Maurice his eyes lighted on this man.

farmhousenounUS /ˈfɑːrmhaʊs/

house for a farmer and family

From this reading For the sake of privacy he conducted his cousin to the little farmhouse that the soldiers had looted the day before, where the old peasant, undeterred by his losses and allured by the prospect of turning an honest penny, had tapped a cask of wine and set up a kind of public bar.

ForprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading For the sake of privacy he conducted his cousin to the little farmhouse that the soldiers had looted the day before, where the old peasant, undeterred by his losses and allured by the prospect of turning an honest penny, had tapped a cask of wine and set up a kind of public bar.

fournounUS /fɔːr/

the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one

From this reading He had extemporized a counter from a board rested on two empty barrels before the door of his house, and over it he dealt out his stock in trade at four sous a glass, assisted by the strapping young Alsatian whom he had taken into his service three days before.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading He had extemporized a counter from a board rested on two empty barrels before the door of his house, and over it he dealt out his stock in trade at four sous a glass, assisted by the strapping young Alsatian whom he had taken into his service three days before.

gazedverbUS /ɡeɪzd/

past form of “gaze” — look at with fixed eyes

From this reading He gazed at him a moment as if stupefied, then let slip a terrible oath.

glassnounUS /ɡlæs/

a brittle transparent solid with irregular atomic structure

From this reading He had extemporized a counter from a board rested on two empty barrels before the door of his house, and over it he dealt out his stock in trade at four sous a glass, assisted by the strapping young Alsatian whom he had taken into his service three days before.

glassesnounUS /ˈɡlæsəz/

(plural) optical instrument consisting of a frame that holds a pair of lenses for correcting defective vision

From this reading As Honoré was touching glasses with Maurice his eyes lighted on this man.

Goliah

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “_Tonnerre de Dieu!_ Goliah!”

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading For the sake of privacy he conducted his cousin to the little farmhouse that the soldiers had looted the day before, where the old peasant, undeterred by his losses and allured by the prospect of turning an honest penny, had tapped a cask of wine and set up a kind of public bar.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading For the sake of privacy he conducted his cousin to the little farmhouse that the soldiers had looted the day before, where the old peasant, undeterred by his losses and allured by the prospect of turning an honest penny, had tapped a cask of wine and set up a kind of public bar.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading He gazed at him a moment as if stupefied, then let slip a terrible oath.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading For the sake of privacy he conducted his cousin to the little farmhouse that the soldiers had looted the day before, where the old peasant, undeterred by his losses and allured by the prospect of turning an honest penny, had tapped a cask of wine and set up a kind of public bar.

honestadjectiveUS /ˈɑːnəst/

not disposed to cheat or defraud; not deceptive or fraudulent

From this reading For the sake of privacy he conducted his cousin to the little farmhouse that the soldiers had looted the day before, where the old peasant, undeterred by his losses and allured by the prospect of turning an honest penny, had tapped a cask of wine and set up a kind of public bar.

Honoré

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As Honoré was touching glasses with Maurice his eyes lighted on this man.

housenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading He had extemporized a counter from a board rested on two empty barrels before the door of his house, and over it he dealt out his stock in trade at four sous a glass, assisted by the strapping young Alsatian whom he had taken into his service three days before.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading He gazed at him a moment as if stupefied, then let slip a terrible oath.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading He had extemporized a counter from a board rested on two empty barrels before the door of his house, and over it he dealt out his stock in trade at four sous a glass, assisted by the strapping young Alsatian whom he had taken into his service three days before.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading He had extemporized a counter from a board rested on two empty barrels before the door of his house, and over it he dealt out his stock in trade at four sous a glass, assisted by the strapping young Alsatian whom he had taken into his service three days before.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading He had extemporized a counter from a board rested on two empty barrels before the door of his house, and over it he dealt out his stock in trade at four sous a glass, assisted by the strapping young Alsatian whom he had taken into his service three days before.

kindadjectiveUS /kaɪnd/

having or showing a tender and considerate and helpful nature; used especially of persons and their behavior

From this reading For the sake of privacy he conducted his cousin to the little farmhouse that the soldiers had looted the day before, where the old peasant, undeterred by his losses and allured by the prospect of turning an honest penny, had tapped a cask of wine and set up a kind of public bar.

letauxiliary verbUS /let/

used to make a suggestion or a command including the speaker

From this reading He gazed at him a moment as if stupefied, then let slip a terrible oath.

lightedadjectiveUS /ˈlaɪtəd/

set afire or burning

From this reading As Honoré was touching glasses with Maurice his eyes lighted on this man.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading For the sake of privacy he conducted his cousin to the little farmhouse that the soldiers had looted the day before, where the old peasant, undeterred by his losses and allured by the prospect of turning an honest penny, had tapped a cask of wine and set up a kind of public bar.

lootedadjectiveUS /ˈluːtəd/

wrongfully emptied or stripped of anything of value

From this reading For the sake of privacy he conducted his cousin to the little farmhouse that the soldiers had looted the day before, where the old peasant, undeterred by his losses and allured by the prospect of turning an honest penny, had tapped a cask of wine and set up a kind of public bar.

lossesnounUS /ˈlɔːsəz/

something lost (especially money lost at gambling)

From this reading For the sake of privacy he conducted his cousin to the little farmhouse that the soldiers had looted the day before, where the old peasant, undeterred by his losses and allured by the prospect of turning an honest penny, had tapped a cask of wine and set up a kind of public bar.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading As Honoré was touching glasses with Maurice his eyes lighted on this man.

Maurice

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As Honoré was touching glasses with Maurice his eyes lighted on this man.

momentnounUS /ˈmoʊmənt/

a particular point in time

From this reading He gazed at him a moment as if stupefied, then let slip a terrible oath.

oathnounUS /oʊθ/

profane or obscene expression usually of surprise or anger

From this reading He gazed at him a moment as if stupefied, then let slip a terrible oath.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading For the sake of privacy he conducted his cousin to the little farmhouse that the soldiers had looted the day before, where the old peasant, undeterred by his losses and allured by the prospect of turning an honest penny, had tapped a cask of wine and set up a kind of public bar.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading For the sake of privacy he conducted his cousin to the little farmhouse that the soldiers had looted the day before, where the old peasant, undeterred by his losses and allured by the prospect of turning an honest penny, had tapped a cask of wine and set up a kind of public bar.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading He had extemporized a counter from a board rested on two empty barrels before the door of his house, and over it he dealt out his stock in trade at four sous a glass, assisted by the strapping young Alsatian whom he had taken into his service three days before.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading He had extemporized a counter from a board rested on two empty barrels before the door of his house, and over it he dealt out his stock in trade at four sous a glass, assisted by the strapping young Alsatian whom he had taken into his service three days before.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading He had extemporized a counter from a board rested on two empty barrels before the door of his house, and over it he dealt out his stock in trade at four sous a glass, assisted by the strapping young Alsatian whom he had taken into his service three days before.

peasantnounUS /ˈpezənt/

a country person

From this reading For the sake of privacy he conducted his cousin to the little farmhouse that the soldiers had looted the day before, where the old peasant, undeterred by his losses and allured by the prospect of turning an honest penny, had tapped a cask of wine and set up a kind of public bar.

pennynounUS /ˈpeni/

a fractional monetary unit of Ireland and the United Kingdom; equal to one hundredth of a pound

From this reading For the sake of privacy he conducted his cousin to the little farmhouse that the soldiers had looted the day before, where the old peasant, undeterred by his losses and allured by the prospect of turning an honest penny, had tapped a cask of wine and set up a kind of public bar.

privacynounUS /ˈpraɪvəsi/

the quality of being secluded from the presence or view of others

From this reading For the sake of privacy he conducted his cousin to the little farmhouse that the soldiers had looted the day before, where the old peasant, undeterred by his losses and allured by the prospect of turning an honest penny, had tapped a cask of wine and set up a kind of public bar.

prospectnounUS /ˈprɑːspekt/

the possibility of future success

From this reading For the sake of privacy he conducted his cousin to the little farmhouse that the soldiers had looted the day before, where the old peasant, undeterred by his losses and allured by the prospect of turning an honest penny, had tapped a cask of wine and set up a kind of public bar.

publicnounUS /ˈpʌblɪk/

people in general considered as a whole

From this reading For the sake of privacy he conducted his cousin to the little farmhouse that the soldiers had looted the day before, where the old peasant, undeterred by his losses and allured by the prospect of turning an honest penny, had tapped a cask of wine and set up a kind of public bar.

restedadjectiveUS /ˈrestəd/

not tired; refreshed as by sleeping or relaxing

From this reading He had extemporized a counter from a board rested on two empty barrels before the door of his house, and over it he dealt out his stock in trade at four sous a glass, assisted by the strapping young Alsatian whom he had taken into his service three days before.

sakenounUS /seɪk/

a reason for wanting something done

From this reading For the sake of privacy he conducted his cousin to the little farmhouse that the soldiers had looted the day before, where the old peasant, undeterred by his losses and allured by the prospect of turning an honest penny, had tapped a cask of wine and set up a kind of public bar.

servicenounUS /ˈsɜːrvəs/

work done by one person or group that benefits another

From this reading He had extemporized a counter from a board rested on two empty barrels before the door of his house, and over it he dealt out his stock in trade at four sous a glass, assisted by the strapping young Alsatian whom he had taken into his service three days before.

setverbUS /set/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading For the sake of privacy he conducted his cousin to the little farmhouse that the soldiers had looted the day before, where the old peasant, undeterred by his losses and allured by the prospect of turning an honest penny, had tapped a cask of wine and set up a kind of public bar.

slipverbUS /slɪp/

move stealthily

From this reading He gazed at him a moment as if stupefied, then let slip a terrible oath.

soldiersnounUS /ˈsoʊldʒərz/

plural of “soldier” — an enlisted man or woman who serves in an army

From this reading For the sake of privacy he conducted his cousin to the little farmhouse that the soldiers had looted the day before, where the old peasant, undeterred by his losses and allured by the prospect of turning an honest penny, had tapped a cask of wine and set up a kind of public bar.

sousnounUS /suːz/

plural of “sou” — a former French coin of low denomination; often used of any small amount of money

From this reading He had extemporized a counter from a board rested on two empty barrels before the door of his house, and over it he dealt out his stock in trade at four sous a glass, assisted by the strapping young Alsatian whom he had taken into his service three days before.

stocknounUS /stɑːk/

the capital raised by a corporation through the issue of shares entitling holders to an ownership interest

From this reading He had extemporized a counter from a board rested on two empty barrels before the door of his house, and over it he dealt out his stock in trade at four sous a glass, assisted by the strapping young Alsatian whom he had taken into his service three days before.

strappingadjectiveUS /ˈstræpɪŋ/

muscular and heavily built

From this reading He had extemporized a counter from a board rested on two empty barrels before the door of his house, and over it he dealt out his stock in trade at four sous a glass, assisted by the strapping young Alsatian whom he had taken into his service three days before.

stupefiedadjective

as if struck dumb with astonishment and surprise

From this reading He gazed at him a moment as if stupefied, then let slip a terrible oath.

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading He had extemporized a counter from a board rested on two empty barrels before the door of his house, and over it he dealt out his stock in trade at four sous a glass, assisted by the strapping young Alsatian whom he had taken into his service three days before.

tappedadjectiveUS /tæpt/

in a condition for letting out liquid drawn out as by piercing or drawing a plug

From this reading For the sake of privacy he conducted his cousin to the little farmhouse that the soldiers had looted the day before, where the old peasant, undeterred by his losses and allured by the prospect of turning an honest penny, had tapped a cask of wine and set up a kind of public bar.

terribleadjectiveUS /ˈterəbəl/

causing fear or dread or terror

From this reading He gazed at him a moment as if stupefied, then let slip a terrible oath.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading For the sake of privacy he conducted his cousin to the little farmhouse that the soldiers had looted the day before, where the old peasant, undeterred by his losses and allured by the prospect of turning an honest penny, had tapped a cask of wine and set up a kind of public bar.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading For the sake of privacy he conducted his cousin to the little farmhouse that the soldiers had looted the day before, where the old peasant, undeterred by his losses and allured by the prospect of turning an honest penny, had tapped a cask of wine and set up a kind of public bar.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading He gazed at him a moment as if stupefied, then let slip a terrible oath.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading As Honoré was touching glasses with Maurice his eyes lighted on this man.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading He had extemporized a counter from a board rested on two empty barrels before the door of his house, and over it he dealt out his stock in trade at four sous a glass, assisted by the strapping young Alsatian whom he had taken into his service three days before.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading For the sake of privacy he conducted his cousin to the little farmhouse that the soldiers had looted the day before, where the old peasant, undeterred by his losses and allured by the prospect of turning an honest penny, had tapped a cask of wine and set up a kind of public bar.

Tonnerre

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “_Tonnerre de Dieu!_ Goliah!”

touchingadjectiveUS /ˈtʌtʃɪŋ/

arousing affect

From this reading As Honoré was touching glasses with Maurice his eyes lighted on this man.

tradenounUS /treɪd/

the commercial exchange (buying and selling on domestic or international markets) of goods and services

From this reading He had extemporized a counter from a board rested on two empty barrels before the door of his house, and over it he dealt out his stock in trade at four sous a glass, assisted by the strapping young Alsatian whom he had taken into his service three days before.

turningnounUS /ˈtɜːrnɪŋ/

the act of changing or reversing the direction of the course

From this reading For the sake of privacy he conducted his cousin to the little farmhouse that the soldiers had looted the day before, where the old peasant, undeterred by his losses and allured by the prospect of turning an honest penny, had tapped a cask of wine and set up a kind of public bar.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading He had extemporized a counter from a board rested on two empty barrels before the door of his house, and over it he dealt out his stock in trade at four sous a glass, assisted by the strapping young Alsatian whom he had taken into his service three days before.

undeterredadjectiveUS /ˌʌndɪˈtɜːrd/

not deterred

From this reading For the sake of privacy he conducted his cousin to the little farmhouse that the soldiers had looted the day before, where the old peasant, undeterred by his losses and allured by the prospect of turning an honest penny, had tapped a cask of wine and set up a kind of public bar.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading For the sake of privacy he conducted his cousin to the little farmhouse that the soldiers had looted the day before, where the old peasant, undeterred by his losses and allured by the prospect of turning an honest penny, had tapped a cask of wine and set up a kind of public bar.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading As Honoré was touching glasses with Maurice his eyes lighted on this man.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading For the sake of privacy he conducted his cousin to the little farmhouse that the soldiers had looted the day before, where the old peasant, undeterred by his losses and allured by the prospect of turning an honest penny, had tapped a cask of wine and set up a kind of public bar.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading He had extemporized a counter from a board rested on two empty barrels before the door of his house, and over it he dealt out his stock in trade at four sous a glass, assisted by the strapping young Alsatian whom he had taken into his service three days before.

winenounUS /waɪn/

fermented juice (of grapes especially)

From this reading For the sake of privacy he conducted his cousin to the little farmhouse that the soldiers had looted the day before, where the old peasant, undeterred by his losses and allured by the prospect of turning an honest penny, had tapped a cask of wine and set up a kind of public bar.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading As Honoré was touching glasses with Maurice his eyes lighted on this man.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading He had extemporized a counter from a board rested on two empty barrels before the door of his house, and over it he dealt out his stock in trade at four sous a glass, assisted by the strapping young Alsatian whom he had taken into his service three days before.

Chapter 4 of The Downfall by Émile Zola holds 411 sentences, grouped into 83 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of The Downfall contain?

Chapter 4 holds 411 sentences of The Downfall, unabridged, divided into 83 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of The Downfall by Émile Zola exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 411 sentences, grouped into 83 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of The Downfall?

Work through the 83 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 83 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Downfall

Common questions about reading The Downfall by Émile Zola on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Downfall?

Yes. All 9053 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #13851 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Downfall is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #13851, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Downfall take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1811 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Downfall section by section

How to work through The Downfall section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 22 chapters of The Downfall to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Downfall

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Downfall, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Middle
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Downfall; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Broad
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Downfall; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Fertile
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Downfall; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Plain
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Downfall; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.