Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
The Downfall (La Débâcle)
The Downfall (La Débâcle)

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of The Downfall (La Débâcle) is here in full — 429 sentences across 86 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Downfall (La Débâcle)
Context Illustration Reading 1/85 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
SEDAN AT LAST!
THE EVE OF BATTLE Jean became separated from Maurice in the scramble which took place on the Place de Torcy at the end of the Wadelincourt highway, and as he ran on he lost himself among the tramping crowd, and was unable to find his friend.
This was really unlucky, for he had accepted Maurice's offer to take him to his sister's house, where they had arranged to have a rest, a refreshing nap in a comfortable bed.
There was so much confusion, all the regiments being intermingled, without marching orders or even commanders, that the men were almost at liberty to do as they pleased.
Thus Maurice and Jean had come to the conclusion that after enjoying a few hours' sleep they would still have ample time to take their bearings and rejoin their comrades.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Downfall (La Débâcle)

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of The Downfall (La Débâcle) is here in full — 429 sentences across 86 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/85 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
SEDAN AT LAST!
/səˈdæn æt læst/
Line 2
THE EVE OF BATTLE Jean became separated from Maurice in the scramble which took place on the Place de Torcy at the end of the Wadelincourt highway, and as he ran on he lost himself among the tramping crowd, and was unable to find his friend.
Line 3
This was really unlucky, for he had accepted Maurice's offer to take him to his sister's house, where they had arranged to have a rest, a refreshing nap in a comfortable bed.
Line 4
There was so much confusion, all the regiments being intermingled, without marching orders or even commanders, that the men were almost at liberty to do as they pleased.
/ðer wɑːz soʊ mʌtʃ kənˈfjuːʒən ɔːl ðə ˈredʒəmənts ˈbiːɪŋ ˌɪntərˈmɪŋɡəld wɪˈθaʊt ˈmɑːrtʃɪŋ ˈɔːrdərz ɔːr ˈiːvɪn kəˈmændərz ðæt ðə men wɜːr ˈɔːlmoʊst æt ˈlɪb.ər.ti tuː duː æz ðeɪ pliːzd/
Line 5
Thus Maurice and Jean had come to the conclusion that after enjoying a few hours' sleep they would still have ample time to take their bearings and rejoin their comrades.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bearings noun US /ˈberɪŋz/

plural of “bearing” — relevant relation or interconnection

From this reading “Thus Maurice and Jean had come to the conclusion that after enjoying a few hours' sleep they would still have ample time to take their bearings and rejoin their comrades.”

commanders noun US /kəˈmændərz/

plural of “commander” — an officer in command of a military unit

From this reading “There was so much confusion, all the regiments being intermingled, without marching orders or even commanders, that the men were almost at liberty to do as they pleased.”

intermingled verb US /ˌɪntərˈmɪŋɡəld/

past form of “intermingle” — combine into one

From this reading “There was so much confusion, all the regiments being intermingled, without marching orders or even commanders, that the men were almost at liberty to do as they pleased.”

regiments noun US /ˈredʒəmənts/

plural of “regiment” — army unit smaller than a division

From this reading “There was so much confusion, all the regiments being intermingled, without marching orders or even commanders, that the men were almost at liberty to do as they pleased.”

rejoin verb US /riˈdʒɔɪn/

join again

From this reading “Thus Maurice and Jean had come to the conclusion that after enjoying a few hours' sleep they would still have ample time to take their bearings and rejoin their comrades.”

scramble verb US /ˈskræmbəl/

to move hurriedly

From this reading “THE EVE OF BATTLE Jean became separated from Maurice in the scramble which took place on the Place de Torcy at the end of the Wadelincourt highway, and as he ran on he lost himself among the tramping crowd, and was unable to find his friend.”

sedan noun US /səˈdæn/

a car that is closed and that has front and rear seats and two or four doors

From this reading “SEDAN AT LAST!”

tramping verb US /ˈtræmpɪŋ/

-ing form of “tramp” — travel on foot, especially on a walking expedition

From this reading “THE EVE OF BATTLE Jean became separated from Maurice in the scramble which took place on the Place de Torcy at the end of the Wadelincourt highway, and as he ran on he lost himself among the tramping crowd, and was unable to find his friend.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

marching orders noun + noun counted as “marching order”

equipage for marching

In this reading “There was so much confusion, all the regiments being intermingled, without marching orders or even commanders, that the men were almost at liberty to do as they pleased.”

comfortable bed adjective + noun

In this reading “This was really unlucky, for he had accepted Maurice's offer to take him to his sister's house, where they had arranged to have a rest, a refreshing nap in a comfortable bed.”

ample time adjective + noun

In this reading “Thus Maurice and Jean had come to the conclusion that after enjoying a few hours' sleep they would still have ample time to take their bearings and rejoin their comrades.”

at liberty preposition + noun

In this reading “There was so much confusion, all the regiments being intermingled, without marching orders or even commanders, that the men were almost at liberty to do as they pleased.”

became separated verb + adjective counted as “become separated”

In this reading “THE EVE OF BATTLE Jean became separated from Maurice in the scramble which took place on the Place de Torcy at the end of the Wadelincourt highway, and as he ran on he lost himself among the tramping crowd, and was unable to find his friend.”

took place verb + noun counted as “take place”

come to pass

In this reading “THE EVE OF BATTLE Jean became separated from Maurice in the scramble which took place on the Place de Torcy at the end of the Wadelincourt highway, and as he ran on he lost himself among the tramping crowd, and was unable to find his friend.”

at the end preposition + article + noun counted as “at … end”

In this reading “THE EVE OF BATTLE Jean became separated from Maurice in the scramble which took place on the Place de Torcy at the end of the Wadelincourt highway, and as he ran on he lost himself among the tramping crowd, and was unable to find his friend.”

All words in this reading · 97

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading This was really unlucky, for he had accepted Maurice's offer to take him to his sister's house, where they had arranged to have a rest, a refreshing nap in a comfortable bed.

acceptedadjectiveUS /ækˈseptɪd/

generally approved or compelling recognition

From this reading This was really unlucky, for he had accepted Maurice's offer to take him to his sister's house, where they had arranged to have a rest, a refreshing nap in a comfortable bed.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading Thus Maurice and Jean had come to the conclusion that after enjoying a few hours' sleep they would still have ample time to take their bearings and rejoin their comrades.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading There was so much confusion, all the regiments being intermingled, without marching orders or even commanders, that the men were almost at liberty to do as they pleased.

almostadverbUS /ˈɔːlmoʊst/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading There was so much confusion, all the regiments being intermingled, without marching orders or even commanders, that the men were almost at liberty to do as they pleased.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading THE EVE OF BATTLE Jean became separated from Maurice in the scramble which took place on the Place de Torcy at the end of the Wadelincourt highway, and as he ran on he lost himself among the tramping crowd, and was unable to find his friend.

ampleadjectiveUS /ˈæmpəl/

more than enough in size or scope or capacity

From this reading Thus Maurice and Jean had come to the conclusion that after enjoying a few hours' sleep they would still have ample time to take their bearings and rejoin their comrades.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THE EVE OF BATTLE Jean became separated from Maurice in the scramble which took place on the Place de Torcy at the end of the Wadelincourt highway, and as he ran on he lost himself among the tramping crowd, and was unable to find his friend.

arrangedadjectiveUS /ərˈeɪndʒd/

disposed or placed in a particular kind of order

From this reading This was really unlucky, for he had accepted Maurice's offer to take him to his sister's house, where they had arranged to have a rest, a refreshing nap in a comfortable bed.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading THE EVE OF BATTLE Jean became separated from Maurice in the scramble which took place on the Place de Torcy at the end of the Wadelincourt highway, and as he ran on he lost himself among the tramping crowd, and was unable to find his friend.

ATprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading SEDAN AT LAST!

BATTLEnounUS /ˈbætəl/

a hostile meeting of opposing military forces in the course of a war

From this reading THE EVE OF BATTLE Jean became separated from Maurice in the scramble which took place on the Place de Torcy at the end of the Wadelincourt highway, and as he ran on he lost himself among the tramping crowd, and was unable to find his friend.

bearingsnounUS /ˈberɪŋz/

plural of “bearing” — relevant relation or interconnection

From this reading Thus Maurice and Jean had come to the conclusion that after enjoying a few hours' sleep they would still have ample time to take their bearings and rejoin their comrades.

becameverbUS /bɪˈkeɪm/

inflected form of “become” — enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading THE EVE OF BATTLE Jean became separated from Maurice in the scramble which took place on the Place de Torcy at the end of the Wadelincourt highway, and as he ran on he lost himself among the tramping crowd, and was unable to find his friend.

bednounUS /bed/

a piece of furniture that provides a place to sleep

From this reading This was really unlucky, for he had accepted Maurice's offer to take him to his sister's house, where they had arranged to have a rest, a refreshing nap in a comfortable bed.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading There was so much confusion, all the regiments being intermingled, without marching orders or even commanders, that the men were almost at liberty to do as they pleased.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading Thus Maurice and Jean had come to the conclusion that after enjoying a few hours' sleep they would still have ample time to take their bearings and rejoin their comrades.

comfortableadjectiveUS /ˈkʌmfərtəbəl/

providing or experiencing physical well-being or relief (“comfy” is informal)

From this reading This was really unlucky, for he had accepted Maurice's offer to take him to his sister's house, where they had arranged to have a rest, a refreshing nap in a comfortable bed.

commandersnounUS /kəˈmændərz/

plural of “commander” — an officer in command of a military unit

From this reading There was so much confusion, all the regiments being intermingled, without marching orders or even commanders, that the men were almost at liberty to do as they pleased.

comradesnounUS /ˈkɑːmrædz/

plural of “comrade” — a friend who is frequently in the company of another

From this reading Thus Maurice and Jean had come to the conclusion that after enjoying a few hours' sleep they would still have ample time to take their bearings and rejoin their comrades.

conclusionnounUS /kənˈkluːʒən/

a position or opinion or judgment reached after consideration

From this reading Thus Maurice and Jean had come to the conclusion that after enjoying a few hours' sleep they would still have ample time to take their bearings and rejoin their comrades.

confusionnounUS /kənˈfjuːʒən/

disorder resulting from a failure to behave predictably

From this reading There was so much confusion, all the regiments being intermingled, without marching orders or even commanders, that the men were almost at liberty to do as they pleased.

crowdverbUS /kraʊd/

cause to herd, drive, or crowd together

From this reading THE EVE OF BATTLE Jean became separated from Maurice in the scramble which took place on the Place de Torcy at the end of the Wadelincourt highway, and as he ran on he lost himself among the tramping crowd, and was unable to find his friend.

denounUS /diː/

a Mid-Atlantic state; one of the original 13 colonies

From this reading THE EVE OF BATTLE Jean became separated from Maurice in the scramble which took place on the Place de Torcy at the end of the Wadelincourt highway, and as he ran on he lost himself among the tramping crowd, and was unable to find his friend.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading There was so much confusion, all the regiments being intermingled, without marching orders or even commanders, that the men were almost at liberty to do as they pleased.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading THE EVE OF BATTLE Jean became separated from Maurice in the scramble which took place on the Place de Torcy at the end of the Wadelincourt highway, and as he ran on he lost himself among the tramping crowd, and was unable to find his friend.

enjoyingverbUS /ˌenˈdʒɔɪɪŋ/

-ing form of “enjoy” — derive or receive pleasure from; get enjoyment from; take pleasure in

From this reading Thus Maurice and Jean had come to the conclusion that after enjoying a few hours' sleep they would still have ample time to take their bearings and rejoin their comrades.

EVEnounUS /iːv/

(Old Testament) Adam's wife in Judeo-Christian mythology: the first woman and mother of the human race; God created Eve from Adam's rib and placed Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden

From this reading THE EVE OF BATTLE Jean became separated from Maurice in the scramble which took place on the Place de Torcy at the end of the Wadelincourt highway, and as he ran on he lost himself among the tramping crowd, and was unable to find his friend.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading There was so much confusion, all the regiments being intermingled, without marching orders or even commanders, that the men were almost at liberty to do as they pleased.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading Thus Maurice and Jean had come to the conclusion that after enjoying a few hours' sleep they would still have ample time to take their bearings and rejoin their comrades.

findverbUS /faɪnd/

come upon, as if by accident; meet with

From this reading THE EVE OF BATTLE Jean became separated from Maurice in the scramble which took place on the Place de Torcy at the end of the Wadelincourt highway, and as he ran on he lost himself among the tramping crowd, and was unable to find his friend.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading This was really unlucky, for he had accepted Maurice's offer to take him to his sister's house, where they had arranged to have a rest, a refreshing nap in a comfortable bed.

friendnounUS /frend/

a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading THE EVE OF BATTLE Jean became separated from Maurice in the scramble which took place on the Place de Torcy at the end of the Wadelincourt highway, and as he ran on he lost himself among the tramping crowd, and was unable to find his friend.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading THE EVE OF BATTLE Jean became separated from Maurice in the scramble which took place on the Place de Torcy at the end of the Wadelincourt highway, and as he ran on he lost himself among the tramping crowd, and was unable to find his friend.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading This was really unlucky, for he had accepted Maurice's offer to take him to his sister's house, where they had arranged to have a rest, a refreshing nap in a comfortable bed.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading This was really unlucky, for he had accepted Maurice's offer to take him to his sister's house, where they had arranged to have a rest, a refreshing nap in a comfortable bed.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading THE EVE OF BATTLE Jean became separated from Maurice in the scramble which took place on the Place de Torcy at the end of the Wadelincourt highway, and as he ran on he lost himself among the tramping crowd, and was unable to find his friend.

highwaynounUS /ˈhaɪweɪ/

a major road for any form of motor transport

From this reading THE EVE OF BATTLE Jean became separated from Maurice in the scramble which took place on the Place de Torcy at the end of the Wadelincourt highway, and as he ran on he lost himself among the tramping crowd, and was unable to find his friend.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading This was really unlucky, for he had accepted Maurice's offer to take him to his sister's house, where they had arranged to have a rest, a refreshing nap in a comfortable bed.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading THE EVE OF BATTLE Jean became separated from Maurice in the scramble which took place on the Place de Torcy at the end of the Wadelincourt highway, and as he ran on he lost himself among the tramping crowd, and was unable to find his friend.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading THE EVE OF BATTLE Jean became separated from Maurice in the scramble which took place on the Place de Torcy at the end of the Wadelincourt highway, and as he ran on he lost himself among the tramping crowd, and was unable to find his friend.

hoursnounUS /ˈaʊərz/

a period of time assigned for work

From this reading Thus Maurice and Jean had come to the conclusion that after enjoying a few hours' sleep they would still have ample time to take their bearings and rejoin their comrades.

housenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading This was really unlucky, for he had accepted Maurice's offer to take him to his sister's house, where they had arranged to have a rest, a refreshing nap in a comfortable bed.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading THE EVE OF BATTLE Jean became separated from Maurice in the scramble which took place on the Place de Torcy at the end of the Wadelincourt highway, and as he ran on he lost himself among the tramping crowd, and was unable to find his friend.

intermingledverbUS /ˌɪntərˈmɪŋɡəld/

past form of “intermingle” — combine into one

From this reading There was so much confusion, all the regiments being intermingled, without marching orders or even commanders, that the men were almost at liberty to do as they pleased.

JeannounUS /dʒiːn/

a coarse durable twill-weave cotton fabric

From this reading THE EVE OF BATTLE Jean became separated from Maurice in the scramble which took place on the Place de Torcy at the end of the Wadelincourt highway, and as he ran on he lost himself among the tramping crowd, and was unable to find his friend.

LASTadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading SEDAN AT LAST!

libertynounUS /ˈlɪb.ər.ti/

The state of being free within society from oppressive restrictions on one's way of life.

From this reading There was so much confusion, all the regiments being intermingled, without marching orders or even commanders, that the men were almost at liberty to do as they pleased.

lostadjectiveUS /lɔːst/

no longer in your possession or control; unable to be found or recovered

From this reading THE EVE OF BATTLE Jean became separated from Maurice in the scramble which took place on the Place de Torcy at the end of the Wadelincourt highway, and as he ran on he lost himself among the tramping crowd, and was unable to find his friend.

marchingnounUS /ˈmɑːrtʃɪŋ/

the act of marching; walking with regular steps (especially in a procession of some kind)

From this reading There was so much confusion, all the regiments being intermingled, without marching orders or even commanders, that the men were almost at liberty to do as they pleased.

Maurice

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE EVE OF BATTLE Jean became separated from Maurice in the scramble which took place on the Place de Torcy at the end of the Wadelincourt highway, and as he ran on he lost himself among the tramping crowd, and was unable to find his friend.

Maurice's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This was really unlucky, for he had accepted Maurice's offer to take him to his sister's house, where they had arranged to have a rest, a refreshing nap in a comfortable bed.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading There was so much confusion, all the regiments being intermingled, without marching orders or even commanders, that the men were almost at liberty to do as they pleased.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading There was so much confusion, all the regiments being intermingled, without marching orders or even commanders, that the men were almost at liberty to do as they pleased.

napnounUS /næp/

a period of time spent sleeping

From this reading This was really unlucky, for he had accepted Maurice's offer to take him to his sister's house, where they had arranged to have a rest, a refreshing nap in a comfortable bed.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE EVE OF BATTLE Jean became separated from Maurice in the scramble which took place on the Place de Torcy at the end of the Wadelincourt highway, and as he ran on he lost himself among the tramping crowd, and was unable to find his friend.

offerverbUS /ˈɔːfər/

make available or accessible, provide or furnish

From this reading This was really unlucky, for he had accepted Maurice's offer to take him to his sister's house, where they had arranged to have a rest, a refreshing nap in a comfortable bed.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading THE EVE OF BATTLE Jean became separated from Maurice in the scramble which took place on the Place de Torcy at the end of the Wadelincourt highway, and as he ran on he lost himself among the tramping crowd, and was unable to find his friend.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading There was so much confusion, all the regiments being intermingled, without marching orders or even commanders, that the men were almost at liberty to do as they pleased.

ordersnounUS /ˈɔːrdərz/

plural of “order” — (often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed

From this reading There was so much confusion, all the regiments being intermingled, without marching orders or even commanders, that the men were almost at liberty to do as they pleased.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading THE EVE OF BATTLE Jean became separated from Maurice in the scramble which took place on the Place de Torcy at the end of the Wadelincourt highway, and as he ran on he lost himself among the tramping crowd, and was unable to find his friend.

pleasedadjectiveUS /pliːzd/

experiencing or manifesting pleasure

From this reading There was so much confusion, all the regiments being intermingled, without marching orders or even commanders, that the men were almost at liberty to do as they pleased.

ranverbUS /ræn/

inflected form of “run” — move fast by using one's feet, with one foot off the ground at any given time

From this reading THE EVE OF BATTLE Jean became separated from Maurice in the scramble which took place on the Place de Torcy at the end of the Wadelincourt highway, and as he ran on he lost himself among the tramping crowd, and was unable to find his friend.

reallyadverbUS /ˈrɪli/

in accordance with truth or fact or reality

From this reading This was really unlucky, for he had accepted Maurice's offer to take him to his sister's house, where they had arranged to have a rest, a refreshing nap in a comfortable bed.

refreshingadjectiveUS /rɪˈfreʃɪŋ/

imparting vitality and energy

From this reading This was really unlucky, for he had accepted Maurice's offer to take him to his sister's house, where they had arranged to have a rest, a refreshing nap in a comfortable bed.

regimentsnounUS /ˈredʒəmənts/

plural of “regiment” — army unit smaller than a division

From this reading There was so much confusion, all the regiments being intermingled, without marching orders or even commanders, that the men were almost at liberty to do as they pleased.

rejoinverbUS /riˈdʒɔɪn/

join again

From this reading Thus Maurice and Jean had come to the conclusion that after enjoying a few hours' sleep they would still have ample time to take their bearings and rejoin their comrades.

restverbUS /rest/

not move; be in a resting position

From this reading This was really unlucky, for he had accepted Maurice's offer to take him to his sister's house, where they had arranged to have a rest, a refreshing nap in a comfortable bed.

scrambleverbUS /ˈskræmbəl/

to move hurriedly

From this reading THE EVE OF BATTLE Jean became separated from Maurice in the scramble which took place on the Place de Torcy at the end of the Wadelincourt highway, and as he ran on he lost himself among the tramping crowd, and was unable to find his friend.

SEDANnounUS /səˈdæn/

a car that is closed and that has front and rear seats and two or four doors

From this reading SEDAN AT LAST!

separatedadjectiveUS /ˈsepəreɪtɪd/

being or feeling set or kept apart from others

From this reading THE EVE OF BATTLE Jean became separated from Maurice in the scramble which took place on the Place de Torcy at the end of the Wadelincourt highway, and as he ran on he lost himself among the tramping crowd, and was unable to find his friend.

sister'snounUS /ˈsɪstərz/

possessive form of “sister” — a female person who has the same parents as another person

From this reading This was really unlucky, for he had accepted Maurice's offer to take him to his sister's house, where they had arranged to have a rest, a refreshing nap in a comfortable bed.

sleepnounUS /sliːp/

a natural and periodic state of rest during which consciousness of the world is suspended

From this reading Thus Maurice and Jean had come to the conclusion that after enjoying a few hours' sleep they would still have ample time to take their bearings and rejoin their comrades.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading There was so much confusion, all the regiments being intermingled, without marching orders or even commanders, that the men were almost at liberty to do as they pleased.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading Thus Maurice and Jean had come to the conclusion that after enjoying a few hours' sleep they would still have ample time to take their bearings and rejoin their comrades.

takeverbUS /teɪk/

carry out

From this reading This was really unlucky, for he had accepted Maurice's offer to take him to his sister's house, where they had arranged to have a rest, a refreshing nap in a comfortable bed.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading There was so much confusion, all the regiments being intermingled, without marching orders or even commanders, that the men were almost at liberty to do as they pleased.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE EVE OF BATTLE Jean became separated from Maurice in the scramble which took place on the Place de Torcy at the end of the Wadelincourt highway, and as he ran on he lost himself among the tramping crowd, and was unable to find his friend.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Thus Maurice and Jean had come to the conclusion that after enjoying a few hours' sleep they would still have ample time to take their bearings and rejoin their comrades.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There was so much confusion, all the regiments being intermingled, without marching orders or even commanders, that the men were almost at liberty to do as they pleased.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading This was really unlucky, for he had accepted Maurice's offer to take him to his sister's house, where they had arranged to have a rest, a refreshing nap in a comfortable bed.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This was really unlucky, for he had accepted Maurice's offer to take him to his sister's house, where they had arranged to have a rest, a refreshing nap in a comfortable bed.

ThusadverbUS /ðʌs/

(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result

From this reading Thus Maurice and Jean had come to the conclusion that after enjoying a few hours' sleep they would still have ample time to take their bearings and rejoin their comrades.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Thus Maurice and Jean had come to the conclusion that after enjoying a few hours' sleep they would still have ample time to take their bearings and rejoin their comrades.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading THE EVE OF BATTLE Jean became separated from Maurice in the scramble which took place on the Place de Torcy at the end of the Wadelincourt highway, and as he ran on he lost himself among the tramping crowd, and was unable to find his friend.

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading THE EVE OF BATTLE Jean became separated from Maurice in the scramble which took place on the Place de Torcy at the end of the Wadelincourt highway, and as he ran on he lost himself among the tramping crowd, and was unable to find his friend.

Torcy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE EVE OF BATTLE Jean became separated from Maurice in the scramble which took place on the Place de Torcy at the end of the Wadelincourt highway, and as he ran on he lost himself among the tramping crowd, and was unable to find his friend.

trampingverbUS /ˈtræmpɪŋ/

-ing form of “tramp” — travel on foot, especially on a walking expedition

From this reading THE EVE OF BATTLE Jean became separated from Maurice in the scramble which took place on the Place de Torcy at the end of the Wadelincourt highway, and as he ran on he lost himself among the tramping crowd, and was unable to find his friend.

unableadjectiveUS /əˈneɪbəl/

(usually followed by “to”) not having the necessary means or skill or know-how

From this reading THE EVE OF BATTLE Jean became separated from Maurice in the scramble which took place on the Place de Torcy at the end of the Wadelincourt highway, and as he ran on he lost himself among the tramping crowd, and was unable to find his friend.

unluckyadjectiveUS /ənˈlʌki/

having or bringing misfortune

From this reading This was really unlucky, for he had accepted Maurice's offer to take him to his sister's house, where they had arranged to have a rest, a refreshing nap in a comfortable bed.

Wadelincourt

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE EVE OF BATTLE Jean became separated from Maurice in the scramble which took place on the Place de Torcy at the end of the Wadelincourt highway, and as he ran on he lost himself among the tramping crowd, and was unable to find his friend.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading THE EVE OF BATTLE Jean became separated from Maurice in the scramble which took place on the Place de Torcy at the end of the Wadelincourt highway, and as he ran on he lost himself among the tramping crowd, and was unable to find his friend.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading There was so much confusion, all the regiments being intermingled, without marching orders or even commanders, that the men were almost at liberty to do as they pleased.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading This was really unlucky, for he had accepted Maurice's offer to take him to his sister's house, where they had arranged to have a rest, a refreshing nap in a comfortable bed.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading THE EVE OF BATTLE Jean became separated from Maurice in the scramble which took place on the Place de Torcy at the end of the Wadelincourt highway, and as he ran on he lost himself among the tramping crowd, and was unable to find his friend.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading There was so much confusion, all the regiments being intermingled, without marching orders or even commanders, that the men were almost at liberty to do as they pleased.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading Thus Maurice and Jean had come to the conclusion that after enjoying a few hours' sleep they would still have ample time to take their bearings and rejoin their comrades.

Chapter 8 of The Downfall (La Débâcle) by Émile Zola holds 429 sentences, grouped into 86 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of The Downfall (La Débâcle) contain?

Chapter 8 holds 429 sentences of The Downfall (La Débâcle), unabridged, divided into 86 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of The Downfall (La Débâcle) by Émile Zola exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 429 sentences, grouped into 86 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of The Downfall (La Débâcle)?

Work through the 86 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 86 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Downfall (La Débâcle)

Common questions about reading The Downfall (La Débâcle) by Émile Zola on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Downfall (La Débâcle)?

Yes. All 9533 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #56799 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Downfall (La Débâcle) is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #56799, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Downfall (La Débâcle) take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1907 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Downfall (La Débâcle) section by section

How to work through The Downfall (La Débâcle) section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 24 chapters of The Downfall (La Débâcle) to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Downfall (La Débâcle)

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Downfall (La Débâcle), each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Present
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Downfall (La Débâcle); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Translation
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Downfall (La Débâcle); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Zola's
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Downfall (La Débâcle); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Novel
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Downfall (La Débâcle); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.