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The Downfall (La Débâcle)
The Downfall (La Débâcle)

Chapter XVIII

Chapter 18 of The Downfall (La Débâcle) is here in full — 457 sentences across 92 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Downfall (La Débâcle)
Context Illustration Reading 1/91 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE HORRORS OF CAPTIVITY--STARVATION, MURDER, AND DISEASE There was such a scramble whilst the column of prisoners was leaving Torcy that Maurice was separated from Jean.
And, run as he might afterwards, he only lost himself the more.
When he at last reached the bridge thrown across the canal at the base of the peninsula of Iges, he found himself among some Chasseurs d'Afrique and was unable to rejoin his regiment.
The bridge was defended by a couple of guns pointed towards the peninsula; and the Prussian staff had turned a private residence, just beyond the canal, into a guard-house, where was stationed a commandant appointed to receive and guard the prisoners.
The formalities were of a very summary description; the men arriving were simply counted like sheep, just as they came along, but little attention being paid either to the different uniforms or the different numbers; and the various flocks having scrambled past began to encamp wheresoever the chances of the road led them.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Downfall (La Débâcle)

Chapter XVIII

Chapter 18 of The Downfall (La Débâcle) is here in full — 457 sentences across 92 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/91 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE HORRORS OF CAPTIVITY--STARVATION, MURDER, AND DISEASE There was such a scramble whilst the column of prisoners was leaving Torcy that Maurice was separated from Jean.
Line 2
And, run as he might afterwards, he only lost himself the more.
/ənd rʌn æz hiː maɪt ˈæftərwərdz hiː ˈoʊnli lɔːst hɪmˈself ðə mɔːr/
Line 3
When he at last reached the bridge thrown across the canal at the base of the peninsula of Iges, he found himself among some Chasseurs d'Afrique and was unable to rejoin his regiment.
Line 4
The bridge was defended by a couple of guns pointed towards the peninsula; and the Prussian staff had turned a private residence, just beyond the canal, into a guard-house, where was stationed a commandant appointed to receive and guard the prisoners.
Line 5
The formalities were of a very summary description; the men arriving were simply counted like sheep, just as they came along, but little attention being paid either to the different uniforms or the different numbers; and the various flocks having scrambled past began to encamp wheresoever the chances of the road led them.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

encamp verb US /ɪnˈkæmp/

live in or as if in a tent

From this reading “The formalities were of a very summary description; the men arriving were simply counted like sheep, just as they came along, but little attention being paid either to the different uniforms or the different numbers; and the various flocks having scrambled past began to encamp wheresoever the chances of the road led them.”

formalities noun US /fɔːrˈmælətiz/

a requirement of etiquette or custom

From this reading “The formalities were of a very summary description; the men arriving were simply counted like sheep, just as they came along, but little attention being paid either to the different uniforms or the different numbers; and the various flocks having scrambled past began to encamp wheresoever the chances of the road led them.”

peninsula noun US /pəˈnɪnsələ/

a large mass of land projecting into a body of water

From this reading “When he at last reached the bridge thrown across the canal at the base of the peninsula of Iges, he found himself among some Chasseurs d'Afrique and was unable to rejoin his regiment.”

Prussian noun US /ˈprʌʃən/

a German inhabitant of Prussia

From this reading “The bridge was defended by a couple of guns pointed towards the peninsula; and the Prussian staff had turned a private residence, just beyond the canal, into a guard-house, where was stationed a commandant appointed to receive and guard the prisoners.”

rejoin verb US /riˈdʒɔɪn/

join again

From this reading “When he at last reached the bridge thrown across the canal at the base of the peninsula of Iges, he found himself among some Chasseurs d'Afrique and was unable to rejoin his regiment.”

scramble verb US /ˈskræmbəl/

to move hurriedly

From this reading “THE HORRORS OF CAPTIVITY--STARVATION, MURDER, AND DISEASE There was such a scramble whilst the column of prisoners was leaving Torcy that Maurice was separated from Jean.”

summary noun US /ˈsʌməri/

a brief statement that presents the main points in a concise form

From this reading “The formalities were of a very summary description; the men arriving were simply counted like sheep, just as they came along, but little attention being paid either to the different uniforms or the different numbers; and the various flocks having scrambled past began to encamp wheresoever the chances of the road led them.”

uniforms noun US /ˈjuːnəfɔːrmz/

plural of “uniform” — clothing of distinctive design worn by members of a particular group as a means of identification

From this reading “The formalities were of a very summary description; the men arriving were simply counted like sheep, just as they came along, but little attention being paid either to the different uniforms or the different numbers; and the various flocks having scrambled past began to encamp wheresoever the chances of the road led them.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

private residence adjective + noun

In this reading “The bridge was defended by a couple of guns pointed towards the peninsula; and the Prussian staff had turned a private residence, just beyond the canal, into a guard-house, where was stationed a commandant appointed to receive and guard the prisoners.”

came along verb + particle counted as “come along”

come into being or existence, or appear on the scene

In this reading “The formalities were of a very summary description; the men arriving were simply counted like sheep, just as they came along, but little attention being paid either to the different uniforms or the different numbers; and the various flocks having scrambled past began to encamp wheresoever the chances of the road led them.”

road led noun + noun

In this reading “The formalities were of a very summary description; the men arriving were simply counted like sheep, just as they came along, but little attention being paid either to the different uniforms or the different numbers; and the various flocks having scrambled past began to encamp wheresoever the chances of the road led them.”

reached the bridge verb + article + noun counted as “reach … bridge”

In this reading “When he at last reached the bridge thrown across the canal at the base of the peninsula of Iges, he found himself among some Chasseurs d'Afrique and was unable to rejoin his regiment.”

at the base preposition + article + noun counted as “at … base”

In this reading “When he at last reached the bridge thrown across the canal at the base of the peninsula of Iges, he found himself among some Chasseurs d'Afrique and was unable to rejoin his regiment.”

little attention adjective + noun

In this reading “The formalities were of a very summary description; the men arriving were simply counted like sheep, just as they came along, but little attention being paid either to the different uniforms or the different numbers; and the various flocks having scrambled past began to encamp wheresoever the chances of the road led them.”

All words in this reading · 111

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading THE HORRORS OF CAPTIVITY--STARVATION, MURDER, AND DISEASE There was such a scramble whilst the column of prisoners was leaving Torcy that Maurice was separated from Jean.

acrossprepositionUS /əˈkrɔːs/

from one side of something to the other

From this reading When he at last reached the bridge thrown across the canal at the base of the peninsula of Iges, he found himself among some Chasseurs d'Afrique and was unable to rejoin his regiment.

afterwardsadverbUS /ˈæftərwərdz/

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading And, run as he might afterwards, he only lost himself the more.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading The formalities were of a very summary description; the men arriving were simply counted like sheep, just as they came along, but little attention being paid either to the different uniforms or the different numbers; and the various flocks having scrambled past began to encamp wheresoever the chances of the road led them.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading When he at last reached the bridge thrown across the canal at the base of the peninsula of Iges, he found himself among some Chasseurs d'Afrique and was unable to rejoin his regiment.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THE HORRORS OF CAPTIVITY--STARVATION, MURDER, AND DISEASE There was such a scramble whilst the column of prisoners was leaving Torcy that Maurice was separated from Jean.

appointedadjectiveUS /əˈpɔɪntɪd/

subject to appointment

From this reading The bridge was defended by a couple of guns pointed towards the peninsula; and the Prussian staff had turned a private residence, just beyond the canal, into a guard-house, where was stationed a commandant appointed to receive and guard the prisoners.

arrivingverbUS /ərˈaɪvɪŋ/

-ing form of “arrive” — reach a destination; arrive by movement or progress

From this reading The formalities were of a very summary description; the men arriving were simply counted like sheep, just as they came along, but little attention being paid either to the different uniforms or the different numbers; and the various flocks having scrambled past began to encamp wheresoever the chances of the road led them.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading And, run as he might afterwards, he only lost himself the more.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading When he at last reached the bridge thrown across the canal at the base of the peninsula of Iges, he found himself among some Chasseurs d'Afrique and was unable to rejoin his regiment.

attentionnounUS /əˈtenʃən/

the process whereby a person concentrates on some features of the environment to the (relative) exclusion of others

From this reading The formalities were of a very summary description; the men arriving were simply counted like sheep, just as they came along, but little attention being paid either to the different uniforms or the different numbers; and the various flocks having scrambled past began to encamp wheresoever the chances of the road led them.

basenounUS /beɪs/

installation from which a military force initiates operations

From this reading When he at last reached the bridge thrown across the canal at the base of the peninsula of Iges, he found himself among some Chasseurs d'Afrique and was unable to rejoin his regiment.

beganverbUS /bɪˈɡæn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading The formalities were of a very summary description; the men arriving were simply counted like sheep, just as they came along, but little attention being paid either to the different uniforms or the different numbers; and the various flocks having scrambled past began to encamp wheresoever the chances of the road led them.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading The formalities were of a very summary description; the men arriving were simply counted like sheep, just as they came along, but little attention being paid either to the different uniforms or the different numbers; and the various flocks having scrambled past began to encamp wheresoever the chances of the road led them.

beyondprepositionUS /bɪˈɑːnd/

on the far side of; further than

From this reading The bridge was defended by a couple of guns pointed towards the peninsula; and the Prussian staff had turned a private residence, just beyond the canal, into a guard-house, where was stationed a commandant appointed to receive and guard the prisoners.

bridgenounUS /brɪdʒ/

a structure that allows people or vehicles to cross an obstacle such as a river or canal or railway etc.

From this reading When he at last reached the bridge thrown across the canal at the base of the peninsula of Iges, he found himself among some Chasseurs d'Afrique and was unable to rejoin his regiment.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The formalities were of a very summary description; the men arriving were simply counted like sheep, just as they came along, but little attention being paid either to the different uniforms or the different numbers; and the various flocks having scrambled past began to encamp wheresoever the chances of the road led them.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The bridge was defended by a couple of guns pointed towards the peninsula; and the Prussian staff had turned a private residence, just beyond the canal, into a guard-house, where was stationed a commandant appointed to receive and guard the prisoners.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading The formalities were of a very summary description; the men arriving were simply counted like sheep, just as they came along, but little attention being paid either to the different uniforms or the different numbers; and the various flocks having scrambled past began to encamp wheresoever the chances of the road led them.

canalnounUS /kəˈnæl/

(astronomy) an indistinct surface feature of Mars once thought to be a system of channels; they are now believed to be an optical illusion

From this reading When he at last reached the bridge thrown across the canal at the base of the peninsula of Iges, he found himself among some Chasseurs d'Afrique and was unable to rejoin his regiment.

CAPTIVITYnounUS /kæpˈtɪvəti/

the state of being imprisoned

From this reading THE HORRORS OF CAPTIVITY--STARVATION, MURDER, AND DISEASE There was such a scramble whilst the column of prisoners was leaving Torcy that Maurice was separated from Jean.

chancesnounUS /ˈtʃænsəz/

plural of “chance” — a possibility due to a favorable combination of circumstances

From this reading The formalities were of a very summary description; the men arriving were simply counted like sheep, just as they came along, but little attention being paid either to the different uniforms or the different numbers; and the various flocks having scrambled past began to encamp wheresoever the chances of the road led them.

Chasseurs

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When he at last reached the bridge thrown across the canal at the base of the peninsula of Iges, he found himself among some Chasseurs d'Afrique and was unable to rejoin his regiment.

columnnounUS /ˈkɑːləm/

a line of units following one after another

From this reading THE HORRORS OF CAPTIVITY--STARVATION, MURDER, AND DISEASE There was such a scramble whilst the column of prisoners was leaving Torcy that Maurice was separated from Jean.

commandantnounUS /ˌkɑːmənˈdɑːnt/

an officer in command of a military unit

From this reading The bridge was defended by a couple of guns pointed towards the peninsula; and the Prussian staff had turned a private residence, just beyond the canal, into a guard-house, where was stationed a commandant appointed to receive and guard the prisoners.

countedverbUS /ˈkaʊntɪd/

past form of “count” — determine the number or amount of

From this reading The formalities were of a very summary description; the men arriving were simply counted like sheep, just as they came along, but little attention being paid either to the different uniforms or the different numbers; and the various flocks having scrambled past began to encamp wheresoever the chances of the road led them.

couplenounUS /ˈkʌpəl/

a pair who associate with one another

From this reading The bridge was defended by a couple of guns pointed towards the peninsula; and the Prussian staff had turned a private residence, just beyond the canal, into a guard-house, where was stationed a commandant appointed to receive and guard the prisoners.

d'Afrique

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When he at last reached the bridge thrown across the canal at the base of the peninsula of Iges, he found himself among some Chasseurs d'Afrique and was unable to rejoin his regiment.

defendedverbUS /dɪˈfendəd/

past form of “defend” — argue or speak in defense of

From this reading The bridge was defended by a couple of guns pointed towards the peninsula; and the Prussian staff had turned a private residence, just beyond the canal, into a guard-house, where was stationed a commandant appointed to receive and guard the prisoners.

descriptionnounUS /dɪˈskrɪpʃən/

a statement that represents something in words

From this reading The formalities were of a very summary description; the men arriving were simply counted like sheep, just as they came along, but little attention being paid either to the different uniforms or the different numbers; and the various flocks having scrambled past began to encamp wheresoever the chances of the road led them.

differentadjectiveUS /ˈdɪfərənt/

unlike in nature or quality or form or degree

From this reading The formalities were of a very summary description; the men arriving were simply counted like sheep, just as they came along, but little attention being paid either to the different uniforms or the different numbers; and the various flocks having scrambled past began to encamp wheresoever the chances of the road led them.

DISEASEnounUS /dɪˈziːz/

an impairment of health or a condition of abnormal functioning

From this reading THE HORRORS OF CAPTIVITY--STARVATION, MURDER, AND DISEASE There was such a scramble whilst the column of prisoners was leaving Torcy that Maurice was separated from Jean.

eitherdeterminerUS /ˈiːðər/

one or the other of two

From this reading The formalities were of a very summary description; the men arriving were simply counted like sheep, just as they came along, but little attention being paid either to the different uniforms or the different numbers; and the various flocks having scrambled past began to encamp wheresoever the chances of the road led them.

encampverbUS /ɪnˈkæmp/

live in or as if in a tent

From this reading The formalities were of a very summary description; the men arriving were simply counted like sheep, just as they came along, but little attention being paid either to the different uniforms or the different numbers; and the various flocks having scrambled past began to encamp wheresoever the chances of the road led them.

flocksnounUS /flɑːks/

plural of “flock” — a church congregation guided by a pastor

From this reading The formalities were of a very summary description; the men arriving were simply counted like sheep, just as they came along, but little attention being paid either to the different uniforms or the different numbers; and the various flocks having scrambled past began to encamp wheresoever the chances of the road led them.

formalitiesnounUS /fɔːrˈmælətiz/

a requirement of etiquette or custom

From this reading The formalities were of a very summary description; the men arriving were simply counted like sheep, just as they came along, but little attention being paid either to the different uniforms or the different numbers; and the various flocks having scrambled past began to encamp wheresoever the chances of the road led them.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading When he at last reached the bridge thrown across the canal at the base of the peninsula of Iges, he found himself among some Chasseurs d'Afrique and was unable to rejoin his regiment.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading THE HORRORS OF CAPTIVITY--STARVATION, MURDER, AND DISEASE There was such a scramble whilst the column of prisoners was leaving Torcy that Maurice was separated from Jean.

guardnounUS /ɡɑːrd/

a person who keeps watch over something or someone

From this reading The bridge was defended by a couple of guns pointed towards the peninsula; and the Prussian staff had turned a private residence, just beyond the canal, into a guard-house, where was stationed a commandant appointed to receive and guard the prisoners.

guard-house

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The bridge was defended by a couple of guns pointed towards the peninsula; and the Prussian staff had turned a private residence, just beyond the canal, into a guard-house, where was stationed a commandant appointed to receive and guard the prisoners.

gunsnounUS /ɡʌnz/

plural of “gun” — a weapon that discharges a missile at high velocity (especially from a metal tube or barrel)

From this reading The bridge was defended by a couple of guns pointed towards the peninsula; and the Prussian staff had turned a private residence, just beyond the canal, into a guard-house, where was stationed a commandant appointed to receive and guard the prisoners.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The bridge was defended by a couple of guns pointed towards the peninsula; and the Prussian staff had turned a private residence, just beyond the canal, into a guard-house, where was stationed a commandant appointed to receive and guard the prisoners.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading The formalities were of a very summary description; the men arriving were simply counted like sheep, just as they came along, but little attention being paid either to the different uniforms or the different numbers; and the various flocks having scrambled past began to encamp wheresoever the chances of the road led them.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading And, run as he might afterwards, he only lost himself the more.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading And, run as he might afterwards, he only lost himself the more.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading When he at last reached the bridge thrown across the canal at the base of the peninsula of Iges, he found himself among some Chasseurs d'Afrique and was unable to rejoin his regiment.

HORRORSnounUS /ˈhɔːrərz/

plural of “horror” — intense and profound fear

From this reading THE HORRORS OF CAPTIVITY--STARVATION, MURDER, AND DISEASE There was such a scramble whilst the column of prisoners was leaving Torcy that Maurice was separated from Jean.

Iges

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When he at last reached the bridge thrown across the canal at the base of the peninsula of Iges, he found himself among some Chasseurs d'Afrique and was unable to rejoin his regiment.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading The bridge was defended by a couple of guns pointed towards the peninsula; and the Prussian staff had turned a private residence, just beyond the canal, into a guard-house, where was stationed a commandant appointed to receive and guard the prisoners.

JeannounUS /dʒiːn/

a coarse durable twill-weave cotton fabric

From this reading THE HORRORS OF CAPTIVITY--STARVATION, MURDER, AND DISEASE There was such a scramble whilst the column of prisoners was leaving Torcy that Maurice was separated from Jean.

justadverbUS /dʒʌst/

and nothing more

From this reading The bridge was defended by a couple of guns pointed towards the peninsula; and the Prussian staff had turned a private residence, just beyond the canal, into a guard-house, where was stationed a commandant appointed to receive and guard the prisoners.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading When he at last reached the bridge thrown across the canal at the base of the peninsula of Iges, he found himself among some Chasseurs d'Afrique and was unable to rejoin his regiment.

leavingnounUS /ˈliːvɪŋ/

the act of departing

From this reading THE HORRORS OF CAPTIVITY--STARVATION, MURDER, AND DISEASE There was such a scramble whilst the column of prisoners was leaving Torcy that Maurice was separated from Jean.

lednounUS /led/

diode such that light emitted at a p-n junction is proportional to the bias current; color depends on the material used

From this reading The formalities were of a very summary description; the men arriving were simply counted like sheep, just as they came along, but little attention being paid either to the different uniforms or the different numbers; and the various flocks having scrambled past began to encamp wheresoever the chances of the road led them.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading The formalities were of a very summary description; the men arriving were simply counted like sheep, just as they came along, but little attention being paid either to the different uniforms or the different numbers; and the various flocks having scrambled past began to encamp wheresoever the chances of the road led them.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading The formalities were of a very summary description; the men arriving were simply counted like sheep, just as they came along, but little attention being paid either to the different uniforms or the different numbers; and the various flocks having scrambled past began to encamp wheresoever the chances of the road led them.

lostadjectiveUS /lɔːst/

no longer in your possession or control; unable to be found or recovered

From this reading And, run as he might afterwards, he only lost himself the more.

Maurice

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE HORRORS OF CAPTIVITY--STARVATION, MURDER, AND DISEASE There was such a scramble whilst the column of prisoners was leaving Torcy that Maurice was separated from Jean.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading The formalities were of a very summary description; the men arriving were simply counted like sheep, just as they came along, but little attention being paid either to the different uniforms or the different numbers; and the various flocks having scrambled past began to encamp wheresoever the chances of the road led them.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading And, run as he might afterwards, he only lost himself the more.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading And, run as he might afterwards, he only lost himself the more.

MURDERverbUS /ˈmɜːrdər/

kill intentionally and with premeditation

From this reading THE HORRORS OF CAPTIVITY--STARVATION, MURDER, AND DISEASE There was such a scramble whilst the column of prisoners was leaving Torcy that Maurice was separated from Jean.

numbersnounUS /ˈnʌmbərz/

the fourth book of the Old Testament; contains a record of the number of Israelites who followed Moses out of Egypt

From this reading The formalities were of a very summary description; the men arriving were simply counted like sheep, just as they came along, but little attention being paid either to the different uniforms or the different numbers; and the various flocks having scrambled past began to encamp wheresoever the chances of the road led them.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE HORRORS OF CAPTIVITY--STARVATION, MURDER, AND DISEASE There was such a scramble whilst the column of prisoners was leaving Torcy that Maurice was separated from Jean.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading And, run as he might afterwards, he only lost himself the more.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading The formalities were of a very summary description; the men arriving were simply counted like sheep, just as they came along, but little attention being paid either to the different uniforms or the different numbers; and the various flocks having scrambled past began to encamp wheresoever the chances of the road led them.

paidadjectiveUS /peɪd/

marked by the reception of pay

From this reading The formalities were of a very summary description; the men arriving were simply counted like sheep, just as they came along, but little attention being paid either to the different uniforms or the different numbers; and the various flocks having scrambled past began to encamp wheresoever the chances of the road led them.

pastnounUS /pæst/

the time that has elapsed

From this reading The formalities were of a very summary description; the men arriving were simply counted like sheep, just as they came along, but little attention being paid either to the different uniforms or the different numbers; and the various flocks having scrambled past began to encamp wheresoever the chances of the road led them.

peninsulanounUS /pəˈnɪnsələ/

a large mass of land projecting into a body of water

From this reading When he at last reached the bridge thrown across the canal at the base of the peninsula of Iges, he found himself among some Chasseurs d'Afrique and was unable to rejoin his regiment.

pointedadjectiveUS /ˈpɔɪntɪd/

having a point

From this reading The bridge was defended by a couple of guns pointed towards the peninsula; and the Prussian staff had turned a private residence, just beyond the canal, into a guard-house, where was stationed a commandant appointed to receive and guard the prisoners.

prisonersnounUS /ˈprɪzənərz/

plural of “prisoner” — a person who is confined; especially a prisoner of war

From this reading THE HORRORS OF CAPTIVITY--STARVATION, MURDER, AND DISEASE There was such a scramble whilst the column of prisoners was leaving Torcy that Maurice was separated from Jean.

privateadjectiveUS /ˈpraɪvət/

confined to particular persons or groups or providing privacy

From this reading The bridge was defended by a couple of guns pointed towards the peninsula; and the Prussian staff had turned a private residence, just beyond the canal, into a guard-house, where was stationed a commandant appointed to receive and guard the prisoners.

PrussiannounUS /ˈprʌʃən/

a German inhabitant of Prussia

From this reading The bridge was defended by a couple of guns pointed towards the peninsula; and the Prussian staff had turned a private residence, just beyond the canal, into a guard-house, where was stationed a commandant appointed to receive and guard the prisoners.

reachedverbUS /riːtʃt/

past form of “reach” — reach a destination, either real or abstract

From this reading When he at last reached the bridge thrown across the canal at the base of the peninsula of Iges, he found himself among some Chasseurs d'Afrique and was unable to rejoin his regiment.

receiveverbUS /rəˈsiːv/

get something; come into possession of

From this reading The bridge was defended by a couple of guns pointed towards the peninsula; and the Prussian staff had turned a private residence, just beyond the canal, into a guard-house, where was stationed a commandant appointed to receive and guard the prisoners.

regimentverbUS /ˈredʒəmənt/

subject to rigid discipline, order, and systematization

From this reading When he at last reached the bridge thrown across the canal at the base of the peninsula of Iges, he found himself among some Chasseurs d'Afrique and was unable to rejoin his regiment.

rejoinverbUS /riˈdʒɔɪn/

join again

From this reading When he at last reached the bridge thrown across the canal at the base of the peninsula of Iges, he found himself among some Chasseurs d'Afrique and was unable to rejoin his regiment.

residencenounUS /ˈrezɪdəns/

any address at which you dwell more than temporarily

From this reading The bridge was defended by a couple of guns pointed towards the peninsula; and the Prussian staff had turned a private residence, just beyond the canal, into a guard-house, where was stationed a commandant appointed to receive and guard the prisoners.

roadnounUS /roʊd/

an open way (generally public) for travel or transportation

From this reading The formalities were of a very summary description; the men arriving were simply counted like sheep, just as they came along, but little attention being paid either to the different uniforms or the different numbers; and the various flocks having scrambled past began to encamp wheresoever the chances of the road led them.

runverbUS /rʌn/

move fast by using one's feet, with one foot off the ground at any given time

From this reading And, run as he might afterwards, he only lost himself the more.

scrambleverbUS /ˈskræmbəl/

to move hurriedly

From this reading THE HORRORS OF CAPTIVITY--STARVATION, MURDER, AND DISEASE There was such a scramble whilst the column of prisoners was leaving Torcy that Maurice was separated from Jean.

scrambledadjectiveUS /ˈskræmbəld/

thrown together in a disorderly fashion

From this reading The formalities were of a very summary description; the men arriving were simply counted like sheep, just as they came along, but little attention being paid either to the different uniforms or the different numbers; and the various flocks having scrambled past began to encamp wheresoever the chances of the road led them.

separatedadjectiveUS /ˈsepəreɪtɪd/

being or feeling set or kept apart from others

From this reading THE HORRORS OF CAPTIVITY--STARVATION, MURDER, AND DISEASE There was such a scramble whilst the column of prisoners was leaving Torcy that Maurice was separated from Jean.

sheepnounUS /ʃiːp/

woolly usually horned ruminant mammal related to the goat

From this reading The formalities were of a very summary description; the men arriving were simply counted like sheep, just as they came along, but little attention being paid either to the different uniforms or the different numbers; and the various flocks having scrambled past began to encamp wheresoever the chances of the road led them.

simplyadverbUS /ˈsɪmpli/

and nothing more

From this reading The formalities were of a very summary description; the men arriving were simply counted like sheep, just as they came along, but little attention being paid either to the different uniforms or the different numbers; and the various flocks having scrambled past began to encamp wheresoever the chances of the road led them.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading When he at last reached the bridge thrown across the canal at the base of the peninsula of Iges, he found himself among some Chasseurs d'Afrique and was unable to rejoin his regiment.

staffnounUS /stæf/

personnel who assist their superior in carrying out an assigned task

From this reading The bridge was defended by a couple of guns pointed towards the peninsula; and the Prussian staff had turned a private residence, just beyond the canal, into a guard-house, where was stationed a commandant appointed to receive and guard the prisoners.

STARVATIONnounUS /stɑːrˈveɪʃən/

a state of extreme hunger resulting from lack of essential nutrients over a prolonged period

From this reading THE HORRORS OF CAPTIVITY--STARVATION, MURDER, AND DISEASE There was such a scramble whilst the column of prisoners was leaving Torcy that Maurice was separated from Jean.

stationedverbUS /ˈsteɪʃənd/

past form of “station” — assign to a station

From this reading The bridge was defended by a couple of guns pointed towards the peninsula; and the Prussian staff had turned a private residence, just beyond the canal, into a guard-house, where was stationed a commandant appointed to receive and guard the prisoners.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading THE HORRORS OF CAPTIVITY--STARVATION, MURDER, AND DISEASE There was such a scramble whilst the column of prisoners was leaving Torcy that Maurice was separated from Jean.

summarynounUS /ˈsʌməri/

a brief statement that presents the main points in a concise form

From this reading The formalities were of a very summary description; the men arriving were simply counted like sheep, just as they came along, but little attention being paid either to the different uniforms or the different numbers; and the various flocks having scrambled past began to encamp wheresoever the chances of the road led them.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading THE HORRORS OF CAPTIVITY--STARVATION, MURDER, AND DISEASE There was such a scramble whilst the column of prisoners was leaving Torcy that Maurice was separated from Jean.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE HORRORS OF CAPTIVITY--STARVATION, MURDER, AND DISEASE There was such a scramble whilst the column of prisoners was leaving Torcy that Maurice was separated from Jean.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading The formalities were of a very summary description; the men arriving were simply counted like sheep, just as they came along, but little attention being paid either to the different uniforms or the different numbers; and the various flocks having scrambled past began to encamp wheresoever the chances of the road led them.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading THE HORRORS OF CAPTIVITY--STARVATION, MURDER, AND DISEASE There was such a scramble whilst the column of prisoners was leaving Torcy that Maurice was separated from Jean.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The formalities were of a very summary description; the men arriving were simply counted like sheep, just as they came along, but little attention being paid either to the different uniforms or the different numbers; and the various flocks having scrambled past began to encamp wheresoever the chances of the road led them.

thrownadjectiveUS /θroʊn/

caused to fall to the ground

From this reading When he at last reached the bridge thrown across the canal at the base of the peninsula of Iges, he found himself among some Chasseurs d'Afrique and was unable to rejoin his regiment.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading When he at last reached the bridge thrown across the canal at the base of the peninsula of Iges, he found himself among some Chasseurs d'Afrique and was unable to rejoin his regiment.

Torcy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE HORRORS OF CAPTIVITY--STARVATION, MURDER, AND DISEASE There was such a scramble whilst the column of prisoners was leaving Torcy that Maurice was separated from Jean.

towardsprepositionUS /təˈwɔːrdz/

in the direction of

From this reading The bridge was defended by a couple of guns pointed towards the peninsula; and the Prussian staff had turned a private residence, just beyond the canal, into a guard-house, where was stationed a commandant appointed to receive and guard the prisoners.

turnedadjectiveUS /tɜːrnd/

moved around an axis or center

From this reading The bridge was defended by a couple of guns pointed towards the peninsula; and the Prussian staff had turned a private residence, just beyond the canal, into a guard-house, where was stationed a commandant appointed to receive and guard the prisoners.

unableadjectiveUS /əˈneɪbəl/

(usually followed by “to”) not having the necessary means or skill or know-how

From this reading When he at last reached the bridge thrown across the canal at the base of the peninsula of Iges, he found himself among some Chasseurs d'Afrique and was unable to rejoin his regiment.

uniformsnounUS /ˈjuːnəfɔːrmz/

plural of “uniform” — clothing of distinctive design worn by members of a particular group as a means of identification

From this reading The formalities were of a very summary description; the men arriving were simply counted like sheep, just as they came along, but little attention being paid either to the different uniforms or the different numbers; and the various flocks having scrambled past began to encamp wheresoever the chances of the road led them.

variousadjectiveUS /ˈveriəs/

of many different kinds purposefully arranged but lacking any uniformity

From this reading The formalities were of a very summary description; the men arriving were simply counted like sheep, just as they came along, but little attention being paid either to the different uniforms or the different numbers; and the various flocks having scrambled past began to encamp wheresoever the chances of the road led them.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading The formalities were of a very summary description; the men arriving were simply counted like sheep, just as they came along, but little attention being paid either to the different uniforms or the different numbers; and the various flocks having scrambled past began to encamp wheresoever the chances of the road led them.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading THE HORRORS OF CAPTIVITY--STARVATION, MURDER, AND DISEASE There was such a scramble whilst the column of prisoners was leaving Torcy that Maurice was separated from Jean.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The formalities were of a very summary description; the men arriving were simply counted like sheep, just as they came along, but little attention being paid either to the different uniforms or the different numbers; and the various flocks having scrambled past began to encamp wheresoever the chances of the road led them.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading When he at last reached the bridge thrown across the canal at the base of the peninsula of Iges, he found himself among some Chasseurs d'Afrique and was unable to rejoin his regiment.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading The bridge was defended by a couple of guns pointed towards the peninsula; and the Prussian staff had turned a private residence, just beyond the canal, into a guard-house, where was stationed a commandant appointed to receive and guard the prisoners.

wheresoeveradverb

where in the world

From this reading The formalities were of a very summary description; the men arriving were simply counted like sheep, just as they came along, but little attention being paid either to the different uniforms or the different numbers; and the various flocks having scrambled past began to encamp wheresoever the chances of the road led them.

whilstconjunctionUS /waɪlst/

an old and formal word for “while”

From this reading THE HORRORS OF CAPTIVITY--STARVATION, MURDER, AND DISEASE There was such a scramble whilst the column of prisoners was leaving Torcy that Maurice was separated from Jean.

Chapter 18 of The Downfall (La Débâcle) by Émile Zola holds 457 sentences, grouped into 92 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 18 of The Downfall (La Débâcle) contain?

Chapter 18 holds 457 sentences of The Downfall (La Débâcle), unabridged, divided into 92 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 18 of The Downfall (La Débâcle) by Émile Zola exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 457 sentences, grouped into 92 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 18 of The Downfall (La Débâcle)?

Work through the 92 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 92 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 18 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 18 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Downfall (La Débâcle)

Common questions about reading The Downfall (La Débâcle) by Émile Zola on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Downfall (La Débâcle)?

Yes. All 9533 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #56799 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Downfall (La Débâcle) is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #56799, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Downfall (La Débâcle) take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1907 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Downfall (La Débâcle) section by section

How to work through The Downfall (La Débâcle) section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 24 chapters of The Downfall (La Débâcle) to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Downfall (La Débâcle)

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Downfall (La Débâcle), each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Present
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Downfall (La Débâcle); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Translation
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Downfall (La Débâcle); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Zola's
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Downfall (La Débâcle); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Novel
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Downfall (La Débâcle); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.