Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
The Duel
The Duel

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of The Duel is here in full — 419 sentences across 84 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Duel
Context Illustration Reading 1/83 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
He awoke in the middle of the night, and noticed that his pillow was wet with tears.
Then he wept afresh, and the warm tears again ran down his cheeks in rapid streams.
VI With the exception of a few ambitious men bent on making a career for themselves, all the officers regarded the service as an intolerable slavery to which they must needs submit.
The younger of them behaved like veritable schoolboys; they came late to the drills, and wriggled away from them as soon as possible, provided that could be done without risk of serious consequences to themselves afterwards.
The captains, who, as a rule, were burdened with large families, were immersed in household cares, scandals, money troubles, and were worried the whole year through with loans, promissory notes, and other methods of raising the wind.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Duel

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of The Duel is here in full — 419 sentences across 84 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/83 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
He awoke in the middle of the night, and noticed that his pillow was wet with tears.
/hiː əˈwoʊk ɪn ðə ˈmɪdəl ʌv ðə naɪt ənd ˈnoʊtəst ðæt hɪz ˈpɪloʊ wɑːz wet wɪð terz/
Line 2
Then he wept afresh, and the warm tears again ran down his cheeks in rapid streams.
/ðen hiː wept əˈfreʃ ənd ðə wɔːrm terz əˈɡen ræn daʊn hɪz tʃiːks ɪn ˈræpəd striːmz/
Line 3
VI With the exception of a few ambitious men bent on making a career for themselves, all the officers regarded the service as an intolerable slavery to which they must needs submit.
/vaɪ wɪð ðə ɪkˈsepʃən ʌv ə fjuː æmˈbɪʃəs men bent ɑːn ˈmeɪkɪŋ ə kərˈɪr fɔːr ðemˈselvz ɔːl ðə ˈɔːfəsərz rɪˈɡɑːrdɪd ðə ˈsɜːrvəs æz æn ˌɪnˈtɑːlərəbəl ˈsleɪvəri tuː wɪtʃ ðeɪ mʌst niːdz səbˈmɪt/
Line 4
The younger of them behaved like veritable schoolboys; they came late to the drills, and wriggled away from them as soon as possible, provided that could be done without risk of serious consequences to themselves afterwards.
Line 5
The captains, who, as a rule, were burdened with large families, were immersed in household cares, scandals, money troubles, and were worried the whole year through with loans, promissory notes, and other methods of raising the wind.
/ðə ˈkæptənz huː æz ə ruːl wɜːr ˈbɜːrdənd wɪð lɑːrdʒ ˈfæməliz wɜːr ˌɪˈmɜːrst ɪn ˈhaʊshoʊld kerz ˈskændəlz ˈmʌni ˈtrʌbəlz ənd wɜːr ˈwɜːrid ðə hoʊl jɪr θruː wɪð loʊnz ˈprɑːməsɔːri noʊts ənd ˈʌðər ˈmeθədz ʌv ˈreɪzɪŋ ðə waɪnd/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

burdened adjective US /ˈbɜːrdənd/

bearing a heavy burden of work or difficulties or responsibilities

From this reading “The captains, who, as a rule, were burdened with large families, were immersed in household cares, scandals, money troubles, and were worried the whole year through with loans, promissory notes, and other methods of raising the wind.”

drills noun US /drɪlz/

plural of “drill” — a tool with a sharp point and cutting edges for making holes in hard materials (usually rotating rapidly or by repeated blows)

From this reading “The younger of them behaved like veritable schoolboys; they came late to the drills, and wriggled away from them as soon as possible, provided that could be done without risk of serious consequences to themselves afterwards.”

immersed verb US /ˌɪˈmɜːrst/

past form of “immerse” — thrust or throw into

From this reading “The captains, who, as a rule, were burdened with large families, were immersed in household cares, scandals, money troubles, and were worried the whole year through with loans, promissory notes, and other methods of raising the wind.”

loans noun US /loʊnz/

plural of “loan” — the temporary provision of money (usually at interest)

From this reading “The captains, who, as a rule, were burdened with large families, were immersed in household cares, scandals, money troubles, and were worried the whole year through with loans, promissory notes, and other methods of raising the wind.”

promissory adjective US /ˈprɑːməsɔːri/

relating to or having the character of a promise

From this reading “The captains, who, as a rule, were burdened with large families, were immersed in household cares, scandals, money troubles, and were worried the whole year through with loans, promissory notes, and other methods of raising the wind.”

scandals noun US /ˈskændəlz/

plural of “scandal” — disgraceful gossip about the private lives of other people

From this reading “The captains, who, as a rule, were burdened with large families, were immersed in household cares, scandals, money troubles, and were worried the whole year through with loans, promissory notes, and other methods of raising the wind.”

schoolboys noun US /ˈskuːlbɔɪz/

plural of “schoolboy” — a boy attending school

From this reading “The younger of them behaved like veritable schoolboys; they came late to the drills, and wriggled away from them as soon as possible, provided that could be done without risk of serious consequences to themselves afterwards.”

veritable adjective US /ˈverɪtəbəl/

often used as intensifiers

From this reading “The younger of them behaved like veritable schoolboys; they came late to the drills, and wriggled away from them as soon as possible, provided that could be done without risk of serious consequences to themselves afterwards.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

serious consequences adjective + noun counted as “serious consequence”

In this reading “The younger of them behaved like veritable schoolboys; they came late to the drills, and wriggled away from them as soon as possible, provided that could be done without risk of serious consequences to themselves afterwards.”

rapid streams adjective + noun counted as “rapid stream”

In this reading “Then he wept afresh, and the warm tears again ran down his cheeks in rapid streams.”

With the exception preposition + article + noun counted as “with … exception”

In this reading “VI With the exception of a few ambitious men bent on making a career for themselves, all the officers regarded the service as an intolerable slavery to which they must needs submit.”

immersed in verb + particle counted as “immerse in”

In this reading “The captains, who, as a rule, were burdened with large families, were immersed in household cares, scandals, money troubles, and were worried the whole year through with loans, promissory notes, and other methods of raising the wind.”

large families adjective + noun counted as “large family”

In this reading “The captains, who, as a rule, were burdened with large families, were immersed in household cares, scandals, money troubles, and were worried the whole year through with loans, promissory notes, and other methods of raising the wind.”

in the middle preposition + article + noun counted as “in … middle”

In this reading “He awoke in the middle of the night, and noticed that his pillow was wet with tears.”

whole year adjective + noun

In this reading “The captains, who, as a rule, were burdened with large families, were immersed in household cares, scandals, money troubles, and were worried the whole year through with loans, promissory notes, and other methods of raising the wind.”

ran down verb + adjective counted as “run down”

trace

In this reading “Then he wept afresh, and the warm tears again ran down his cheeks in rapid streams.”

All words in this reading · 99

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading VI With the exception of a few ambitious men bent on making a career for themselves, all the officers regarded the service as an intolerable slavery to which they must needs submit.

afreshadverbUS /əˈfreʃ/

again but in a new or different way

From this reading Then he wept afresh, and the warm tears again ran down his cheeks in rapid streams.

afterwardsadverbUS /ˈæftərwərdz/

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading The younger of them behaved like veritable schoolboys; they came late to the drills, and wriggled away from them as soon as possible, provided that could be done without risk of serious consequences to themselves afterwards.

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading Then he wept afresh, and the warm tears again ran down his cheeks in rapid streams.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading VI With the exception of a few ambitious men bent on making a career for themselves, all the officers regarded the service as an intolerable slavery to which they must needs submit.

ambitiousadjectiveUS /æmˈbɪʃəs/

having a strong desire for success or achievement

From this reading VI With the exception of a few ambitious men bent on making a career for themselves, all the officers regarded the service as an intolerable slavery to which they must needs submit.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading VI With the exception of a few ambitious men bent on making a career for themselves, all the officers regarded the service as an intolerable slavery to which they must needs submit.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading He awoke in the middle of the night, and noticed that his pillow was wet with tears.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading VI With the exception of a few ambitious men bent on making a career for themselves, all the officers regarded the service as an intolerable slavery to which they must needs submit.

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading The younger of them behaved like veritable schoolboys; they came late to the drills, and wriggled away from them as soon as possible, provided that could be done without risk of serious consequences to themselves afterwards.

awokeverbUS /əˈwoʊk/

inflected form of “awake” — stop sleeping

From this reading He awoke in the middle of the night, and noticed that his pillow was wet with tears.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading The younger of them behaved like veritable schoolboys; they came late to the drills, and wriggled away from them as soon as possible, provided that could be done without risk of serious consequences to themselves afterwards.

behavedverbUS /bɪˈheɪvd/

past form of “behave” — behave in a certain manner; show a certain behavior; conduct or comport oneself

From this reading The younger of them behaved like veritable schoolboys; they came late to the drills, and wriggled away from them as soon as possible, provided that could be done without risk of serious consequences to themselves afterwards.

bentnounUS /bent/

a relatively permanent inclination to react in a particular way

From this reading VI With the exception of a few ambitious men bent on making a career for themselves, all the officers regarded the service as an intolerable slavery to which they must needs submit.

burdenedadjectiveUS /ˈbɜːrdənd/

bearing a heavy burden of work or difficulties or responsibilities

From this reading The captains, who, as a rule, were burdened with large families, were immersed in household cares, scandals, money troubles, and were worried the whole year through with loans, promissory notes, and other methods of raising the wind.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading The younger of them behaved like veritable schoolboys; they came late to the drills, and wriggled away from them as soon as possible, provided that could be done without risk of serious consequences to themselves afterwards.

captainsnounUS /ˈkæptənz/

plural of “captain” — an officer holding a rank below a major but above a lieutenant

From this reading The captains, who, as a rule, were burdened with large families, were immersed in household cares, scandals, money troubles, and were worried the whole year through with loans, promissory notes, and other methods of raising the wind.

careernounUS /kərˈɪr/

the particular occupation for which you are trained

From this reading VI With the exception of a few ambitious men bent on making a career for themselves, all the officers regarded the service as an intolerable slavery to which they must needs submit.

caresnounUS /kerz/

plural of “care” — the work of providing treatment for or attending to someone or something

From this reading The captains, who, as a rule, were burdened with large families, were immersed in household cares, scandals, money troubles, and were worried the whole year through with loans, promissory notes, and other methods of raising the wind.

cheeksnounUS /tʃiːks/

plural of “cheek” — either side of the face below the eyes

From this reading Then he wept afresh, and the warm tears again ran down his cheeks in rapid streams.

consequencesnounUS /ˈkɑːnsəkwensəz/

plural of “consequence” — a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading The younger of them behaved like veritable schoolboys; they came late to the drills, and wriggled away from them as soon as possible, provided that could be done without risk of serious consequences to themselves afterwards.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading The younger of them behaved like veritable schoolboys; they came late to the drills, and wriggled away from them as soon as possible, provided that could be done without risk of serious consequences to themselves afterwards.

doneadjectiveUS /dʌn/

having finished or arrived at completion

From this reading The younger of them behaved like veritable schoolboys; they came late to the drills, and wriggled away from them as soon as possible, provided that could be done without risk of serious consequences to themselves afterwards.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading Then he wept afresh, and the warm tears again ran down his cheeks in rapid streams.

drillsnounUS /drɪlz/

plural of “drill” — a tool with a sharp point and cutting edges for making holes in hard materials (usually rotating rapidly or by repeated blows)

From this reading The younger of them behaved like veritable schoolboys; they came late to the drills, and wriggled away from them as soon as possible, provided that could be done without risk of serious consequences to themselves afterwards.

exceptionnounUS /ɪkˈsepʃən/

a deliberate act of omission

From this reading VI With the exception of a few ambitious men bent on making a career for themselves, all the officers regarded the service as an intolerable slavery to which they must needs submit.

familiesnounUS /ˈfæməliz/

plural of “family” — a social unit living together

From this reading The captains, who, as a rule, were burdened with large families, were immersed in household cares, scandals, money troubles, and were worried the whole year through with loans, promissory notes, and other methods of raising the wind.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading VI With the exception of a few ambitious men bent on making a career for themselves, all the officers regarded the service as an intolerable slavery to which they must needs submit.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading VI With the exception of a few ambitious men bent on making a career for themselves, all the officers regarded the service as an intolerable slavery to which they must needs submit.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The younger of them behaved like veritable schoolboys; they came late to the drills, and wriggled away from them as soon as possible, provided that could be done without risk of serious consequences to themselves afterwards.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He awoke in the middle of the night, and noticed that his pillow was wet with tears.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading He awoke in the middle of the night, and noticed that his pillow was wet with tears.

householdnounUS /ˈhaʊshoʊld/

a social unit living together

From this reading The captains, who, as a rule, were burdened with large families, were immersed in household cares, scandals, money troubles, and were worried the whole year through with loans, promissory notes, and other methods of raising the wind.

immersedverbUS /ˌɪˈmɜːrst/

past form of “immerse” — thrust or throw into

From this reading The captains, who, as a rule, were burdened with large families, were immersed in household cares, scandals, money troubles, and were worried the whole year through with loans, promissory notes, and other methods of raising the wind.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading He awoke in the middle of the night, and noticed that his pillow was wet with tears.

intolerableadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈtɑːlərəbəl/

incapable of being tolerated or endured

From this reading VI With the exception of a few ambitious men bent on making a career for themselves, all the officers regarded the service as an intolerable slavery to which they must needs submit.

largeadjectiveUS /lɑːrdʒ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading The captains, who, as a rule, were burdened with large families, were immersed in household cares, scandals, money troubles, and were worried the whole year through with loans, promissory notes, and other methods of raising the wind.

lateadjectiveUS /leɪt/

being or occurring at an advanced period of time or after a usual or expected time

From this reading The younger of them behaved like veritable schoolboys; they came late to the drills, and wriggled away from them as soon as possible, provided that could be done without risk of serious consequences to themselves afterwards.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading The younger of them behaved like veritable schoolboys; they came late to the drills, and wriggled away from them as soon as possible, provided that could be done without risk of serious consequences to themselves afterwards.

loansnounUS /loʊnz/

plural of “loan” — the temporary provision of money (usually at interest)

From this reading The captains, who, as a rule, were burdened with large families, were immersed in household cares, scandals, money troubles, and were worried the whole year through with loans, promissory notes, and other methods of raising the wind.

makingnounUS /ˈmeɪkɪŋ/

the act that results in something coming to be

From this reading VI With the exception of a few ambitious men bent on making a career for themselves, all the officers regarded the service as an intolerable slavery to which they must needs submit.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading VI With the exception of a few ambitious men bent on making a career for themselves, all the officers regarded the service as an intolerable slavery to which they must needs submit.

methodsnounUS /ˈmeθədz/

plural of “method” — a way of doing something, especially a systematic way; implies an orderly logical arrangement (usually in steps)

From this reading The captains, who, as a rule, were burdened with large families, were immersed in household cares, scandals, money troubles, and were worried the whole year through with loans, promissory notes, and other methods of raising the wind.

middlenounUS /ˈmɪdəl/

an area that is approximately central within some larger region

From this reading He awoke in the middle of the night, and noticed that his pillow was wet with tears.

moneynounUS /ˈmʌni/

the most common medium of exchange; functions as legal tender

From this reading The captains, who, as a rule, were burdened with large families, were immersed in household cares, scandals, money troubles, and were worried the whole year through with loans, promissory notes, and other methods of raising the wind.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading VI With the exception of a few ambitious men bent on making a career for themselves, all the officers regarded the service as an intolerable slavery to which they must needs submit.

needsadverbUS /niːdz/

in such a manner as could not be otherwise

From this reading VI With the exception of a few ambitious men bent on making a career for themselves, all the officers regarded the service as an intolerable slavery to which they must needs submit.

nightnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading He awoke in the middle of the night, and noticed that his pillow was wet with tears.

notesnounUS /noʊts/

plural of “note” — a brief written record

From this reading The captains, who, as a rule, were burdened with large families, were immersed in household cares, scandals, money troubles, and were worried the whole year through with loans, promissory notes, and other methods of raising the wind.

noticedadjectiveUS /ˈnoʊtəst/

being perceived or observed

From this reading He awoke in the middle of the night, and noticed that his pillow was wet with tears.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading He awoke in the middle of the night, and noticed that his pillow was wet with tears.

officersnounUS /ˈɔːfəsərz/

plural of “officer” — any person in the armed services who holds a position of authority or command

From this reading VI With the exception of a few ambitious men bent on making a career for themselves, all the officers regarded the service as an intolerable slavery to which they must needs submit.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading VI With the exception of a few ambitious men bent on making a career for themselves, all the officers regarded the service as an intolerable slavery to which they must needs submit.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading The captains, who, as a rule, were burdened with large families, were immersed in household cares, scandals, money troubles, and were worried the whole year through with loans, promissory notes, and other methods of raising the wind.

pillownounUS /ˈpɪloʊ/

a cushion to support the head of a sleeping person

From this reading He awoke in the middle of the night, and noticed that his pillow was wet with tears.

possibleadjectiveUS /ˈpɑːsəbəl/

capable of happening or existing

From this reading The younger of them behaved like veritable schoolboys; they came late to the drills, and wriggled away from them as soon as possible, provided that could be done without risk of serious consequences to themselves afterwards.

promissoryadjectiveUS /ˈprɑːməsɔːri/

relating to or having the character of a promise

From this reading The captains, who, as a rule, were burdened with large families, were immersed in household cares, scandals, money troubles, and were worried the whole year through with loans, promissory notes, and other methods of raising the wind.

providedverbUS /prəˈvaɪdɪd/

past form of “provide” — give something useful or necessary to

From this reading The younger of them behaved like veritable schoolboys; they came late to the drills, and wriggled away from them as soon as possible, provided that could be done without risk of serious consequences to themselves afterwards.

raisingnounUS /ˈreɪzɪŋ/

the event of something being raised upward

From this reading The captains, who, as a rule, were burdened with large families, were immersed in household cares, scandals, money troubles, and were worried the whole year through with loans, promissory notes, and other methods of raising the wind.

ranverbUS /ræn/

inflected form of “run” — move fast by using one's feet, with one foot off the ground at any given time

From this reading Then he wept afresh, and the warm tears again ran down his cheeks in rapid streams.

rapidadjectiveUS /ˈræpəd/

done or occurring in a brief period of time

From this reading Then he wept afresh, and the warm tears again ran down his cheeks in rapid streams.

regardedverbUS /rɪˈɡɑːrdɪd/

past form of “regard” — deem to be

From this reading VI With the exception of a few ambitious men bent on making a career for themselves, all the officers regarded the service as an intolerable slavery to which they must needs submit.

risknounUS /rɪsk/

a source of danger; a possibility of incurring loss or misfortune

From this reading The younger of them behaved like veritable schoolboys; they came late to the drills, and wriggled away from them as soon as possible, provided that could be done without risk of serious consequences to themselves afterwards.

rulenounUS /ruːl/

a principle or condition that customarily governs behavior

From this reading The captains, who, as a rule, were burdened with large families, were immersed in household cares, scandals, money troubles, and were worried the whole year through with loans, promissory notes, and other methods of raising the wind.

scandalsnounUS /ˈskændəlz/

plural of “scandal” — disgraceful gossip about the private lives of other people

From this reading The captains, who, as a rule, were burdened with large families, were immersed in household cares, scandals, money troubles, and were worried the whole year through with loans, promissory notes, and other methods of raising the wind.

schoolboysnounUS /ˈskuːlbɔɪz/

plural of “schoolboy” — a boy attending school

From this reading The younger of them behaved like veritable schoolboys; they came late to the drills, and wriggled away from them as soon as possible, provided that could be done without risk of serious consequences to themselves afterwards.

seriousadjectiveUS /ˈsɪriəs/

concerned with work or important matters rather than play or trivialities

From this reading The younger of them behaved like veritable schoolboys; they came late to the drills, and wriggled away from them as soon as possible, provided that could be done without risk of serious consequences to themselves afterwards.

servicenounUS /ˈsɜːrvəs/

work done by one person or group that benefits another

From this reading VI With the exception of a few ambitious men bent on making a career for themselves, all the officers regarded the service as an intolerable slavery to which they must needs submit.

slaverynounUS /ˈsleɪvəri/

the state of being under the control of another person

From this reading VI With the exception of a few ambitious men bent on making a career for themselves, all the officers regarded the service as an intolerable slavery to which they must needs submit.

soonadverbUS /suːn/

in the near future

From this reading The younger of them behaved like veritable schoolboys; they came late to the drills, and wriggled away from them as soon as possible, provided that could be done without risk of serious consequences to themselves afterwards.

streamsnounUS /striːmz/

plural of “stream” — a natural body of running water flowing on or under the earth

From this reading Then he wept afresh, and the warm tears again ran down his cheeks in rapid streams.

submitverbUS /səbˈmɪt/

refer for judgment or consideration

From this reading VI With the exception of a few ambitious men bent on making a career for themselves, all the officers regarded the service as an intolerable slavery to which they must needs submit.

tearsnounUS /terz/

the process of shedding tears (usually accompanied by sobs or other inarticulate sounds)

From this reading He awoke in the middle of the night, and noticed that his pillow was wet with tears.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading He awoke in the middle of the night, and noticed that his pillow was wet with tears.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading He awoke in the middle of the night, and noticed that his pillow was wet with tears.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading The younger of them behaved like veritable schoolboys; they came late to the drills, and wriggled away from them as soon as possible, provided that could be done without risk of serious consequences to themselves afterwards.

themselvespronounUS /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading VI With the exception of a few ambitious men bent on making a career for themselves, all the officers regarded the service as an intolerable slavery to which they must needs submit.

ThenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading Then he wept afresh, and the warm tears again ran down his cheeks in rapid streams.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading VI With the exception of a few ambitious men bent on making a career for themselves, all the officers regarded the service as an intolerable slavery to which they must needs submit.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading The captains, who, as a rule, were burdened with large families, were immersed in household cares, scandals, money troubles, and were worried the whole year through with loans, promissory notes, and other methods of raising the wind.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading VI With the exception of a few ambitious men bent on making a career for themselves, all the officers regarded the service as an intolerable slavery to which they must needs submit.

troublesnounUS /ˈtrʌbəlz/

plural of “trouble” — a source of difficulty

From this reading The captains, who, as a rule, were burdened with large families, were immersed in household cares, scandals, money troubles, and were worried the whole year through with loans, promissory notes, and other methods of raising the wind.

veritableadjectiveUS /ˈverɪtəbəl/

often used as intensifiers

From this reading The younger of them behaved like veritable schoolboys; they came late to the drills, and wriggled away from them as soon as possible, provided that could be done without risk of serious consequences to themselves afterwards.

VInounUS /vaɪ/

the cardinal number that is the sum of five and one

From this reading VI With the exception of a few ambitious men bent on making a career for themselves, all the officers regarded the service as an intolerable slavery to which they must needs submit.

warmadjectiveUS /wɔːrm/

having or producing a comfortable and agreeable degree of heat or imparting or maintaining heat

From this reading Then he wept afresh, and the warm tears again ran down his cheeks in rapid streams.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading He awoke in the middle of the night, and noticed that his pillow was wet with tears.

weptverbUS /wept/

inflected form of “weep” — shed tears because of sadness, rage, or pain

From this reading Then he wept afresh, and the warm tears again ran down his cheeks in rapid streams.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The captains, who, as a rule, were burdened with large families, were immersed in household cares, scandals, money troubles, and were worried the whole year through with loans, promissory notes, and other methods of raising the wind.

wetadjectiveUS /wet/

covered or soaked with a liquid such as water

From this reading He awoke in the middle of the night, and noticed that his pillow was wet with tears.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading VI With the exception of a few ambitious men bent on making a career for themselves, all the officers regarded the service as an intolerable slavery to which they must needs submit.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading The captains, who, as a rule, were burdened with large families, were immersed in household cares, scandals, money troubles, and were worried the whole year through with loans, promissory notes, and other methods of raising the wind.

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading The captains, who, as a rule, were burdened with large families, were immersed in household cares, scandals, money troubles, and were worried the whole year through with loans, promissory notes, and other methods of raising the wind.

windnounUS /waɪnd/

air moving (sometimes with considerable force) from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure

From this reading The captains, who, as a rule, were burdened with large families, were immersed in household cares, scandals, money troubles, and were worried the whole year through with loans, promissory notes, and other methods of raising the wind.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading He awoke in the middle of the night, and noticed that his pillow was wet with tears.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading The younger of them behaved like veritable schoolboys; they came late to the drills, and wriggled away from them as soon as possible, provided that could be done without risk of serious consequences to themselves afterwards.

worriedadjectiveUS /ˈwɜːrid/

afflicted with or marked by anxious uneasiness or trouble or grief

From this reading The captains, who, as a rule, were burdened with large families, were immersed in household cares, scandals, money troubles, and were worried the whole year through with loans, promissory notes, and other methods of raising the wind.

wriggled

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The younger of them behaved like veritable schoolboys; they came late to the drills, and wriggled away from them as soon as possible, provided that could be done without risk of serious consequences to themselves afterwards.

yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading The captains, who, as a rule, were burdened with large families, were immersed in household cares, scandals, money troubles, and were worried the whole year through with loans, promissory notes, and other methods of raising the wind.

youngeradjectiveUS /ˈjʌŋɡər/

used of the younger of two persons of the same name especially used to distinguish a son from his father

From this reading The younger of them behaved like veritable schoolboys; they came late to the drills, and wriggled away from them as soon as possible, provided that could be done without risk of serious consequences to themselves afterwards.

Chapter 4 of The Duel by A. I. (Aleksandr Ivanovich) Kuprin holds 419 sentences, grouped into 84 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of The Duel contain?

Chapter 4 holds 419 sentences of The Duel, unabridged, divided into 84 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of The Duel by A. I. (Aleksandr Ivanovich) Kuprin exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 419 sentences, grouped into 84 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of The Duel?

Work through the 84 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 84 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Duel

Common questions about reading The Duel by A. I. (Aleksandr Ivanovich) Kuprin on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Duel?

Yes. All 5393 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #44117 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Duel is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #44117, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Duel take to read?

About 449 minutes of reading across 1079 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Duel section by section

How to work through The Duel section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 13 chapters of The Duel to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Duel

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Duel, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Alexander
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Duel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Kuprin
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Duel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Passed
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Duel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Through
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Duel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.