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The Duke of Brittany
The Duke of Brittany

Chapter VII

Chapter 7 of The Duke of Brittany is here in full — 88 sentences across 18 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/17 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The Journey It was a beautiful summer morning, and the hills and valleys of Brittany were flooded with sunlight.
All Nature seemed exultant, and all living things were sharing her transports.
The beauty of the fields and green woods concealed alike all traces of the last winter’s storms and the ravages so often occasioned by men when they sow the earth with fire and blood.
As if still more to enhance the beauty of the scene, a cavalcade was seen approaching from the adjacent wooded heights.
The riders followed the winding road, now in groups, now singly, and sometimes were entirely hidden from view.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Duke of Brittany

Chapter VII

Chapter 7 of The Duke of Brittany is here in full — 88 sentences across 18 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/17 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The Journey It was a beautiful summer morning, and the hills and valleys of Brittany were flooded with sunlight.
/ðə ˈdʒɜːrni ɪt wɑːz ə ˈbjuːtəfəl ˈsʌmər ˈmɔːrnɪŋ ənd ðə hɪlz ənd ˈvæliz ʌv ˈbrɪtəni wɜːr ˈflʌdəd wɪð ˈsʌnlaɪt/
Line 2
All Nature seemed exultant, and all living things were sharing her transports.
/ɔːl ˈneɪtʃər siːmd ɪɡˈzʌltənt ənd ɔːl ˈlɪvɪŋ θɪŋz wɜːr ˈʃerɪŋ hɜːr trænˈspɔːrts/
Line 3
The beauty of the fields and green woods concealed alike all traces of the last winter’s storms and the ravages so often occasioned by men when they sow the earth with fire and blood.
/ðə ˈbjuːti ʌv ðə fiːldz ənd ɡriːn wʊdz kənˈsiːld əˈlaɪk ɔːl ˈtreɪsəz ʌv ðə læst ˈwɪntərz stɔːrmz ənd ðə ˈrævɪdʒɪz soʊ ˈɔːfən əˈkeɪʒənd baɪ men wen ðeɪ saʊ ðə ɜːrθ wɪð ˈfaɪər ənd blʌd/
Line 4
As if still more to enhance the beauty of the scene, a cavalcade was seen approaching from the adjacent wooded heights.
/æz ɪf stɪl mɔːr tuː enˈhæns ðə ˈbjuːti ʌv ðə siːn ə ˈkævəlkeɪd wɑːz siːn əˈproʊtʃɪŋ frʌm ðə əˈdʒeɪsənt ˈwʊdɪd haɪts/
Line 5
The riders followed the winding road, now in groups, now singly, and sometimes were entirely hidden from view.
/ðə ˈraɪdərz ˈfɑːloʊd ðə ˈwaɪndɪŋ roʊd naʊ ɪn ɡruːps naʊ ˈsɪŋɡli ənd səmˈtaɪmz wɜːr ɪnˈtaɪərli ˈhɪdən frʌm vjuː/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Brittany noun US /ˈbrɪtəni/

a former province of northwestern France on a peninsula between the English Channel and the Bay of Biscay

From this reading “The Journey It was a beautiful summer morning, and the hills and valleys of Brittany were flooded with sunlight.”

cavalcade noun US /ˈkævəlkeɪd/

a procession of people traveling on horseback

From this reading “As if still more to enhance the beauty of the scene, a cavalcade was seen approaching from the adjacent wooded heights.”

enhance verb US /enˈhæns/

increase

From this reading “As if still more to enhance the beauty of the scene, a cavalcade was seen approaching from the adjacent wooded heights.”

exultant adjective US /ɪɡˈzʌltənt/

joyful and proud especially because of triumph or success

From this reading “All Nature seemed exultant, and all living things were sharing her transports.”

ravages noun US /ˈrævɪdʒɪz/

plural of “ravage” — (usually plural) a destructive action

From this reading “The beauty of the fields and green woods concealed alike all traces of the last winter’s storms and the ravages so often occasioned by men when they sow the earth with fire and blood.”

singly adverb US /ˈsɪŋɡli/

one by one; one at a time

From this reading “The riders followed the winding road, now in groups, now singly, and sometimes were entirely hidden from view.”

transports noun US /trænˈspɔːrts/

plural of “transport” — something that serves as a means of transportation

From this reading “All Nature seemed exultant, and all living things were sharing her transports.”

winter's noun US /ˈwɪntərz/

possessive form of “winter” — the coldest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the winter solstice to the vernal equinox

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

winding road adjective + noun

In this reading “The riders followed the winding road, now in groups, now singly, and sometimes were entirely hidden from view.”

green woods noun + noun

In this reading “The beauty of the fields and green woods concealed alike all traces of the last winter’s storms and the ravages so often occasioned by men when they sow the earth with fire and blood.”

summer morning noun + noun

In this reading “The Journey It was a beautiful summer morning, and the hills and valleys of Brittany were flooded with sunlight.”

entirely hidden adverb + adjective

In this reading “The riders followed the winding road, now in groups, now singly, and sometimes were entirely hidden from view.”

living things noun + noun

In this reading “All Nature seemed exultant, and all living things were sharing her transports.”

all traces adjective + noun counted as “all trace”

In this reading “The beauty of the fields and green woods concealed alike all traces of the last winter’s storms and the ravages so often occasioned by men when they sow the earth with fire and blood.”

from view preposition + noun

In this reading “The riders followed the winding road, now in groups, now singly, and sometimes were entirely hidden from view.”

All words in this reading · 74

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The Journey It was a beautiful summer morning, and the hills and valleys of Brittany were flooded with sunlight.

adjacentadjectiveUS /əˈdʒeɪsənt/

nearest in space or position; immediately adjoining without intervening space

From this reading As if still more to enhance the beauty of the scene, a cavalcade was seen approaching from the adjacent wooded heights.

alikeadverbUS /əˈlaɪk/

equally

From this reading The beauty of the fields and green woods concealed alike all traces of the last winter’s storms and the ravages so often occasioned by men when they sow the earth with fire and blood.

AlladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading All Nature seemed exultant, and all living things were sharing her transports.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The Journey It was a beautiful summer morning, and the hills and valleys of Brittany were flooded with sunlight.

approachingnounUS /əˈproʊtʃɪŋ/

the event of one object coming closer to another

From this reading As if still more to enhance the beauty of the scene, a cavalcade was seen approaching from the adjacent wooded heights.

AsconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading As if still more to enhance the beauty of the scene, a cavalcade was seen approaching from the adjacent wooded heights.

beautifuladjectiveUS /ˈbjuːtəfəl/

delighting the senses or exciting intellectual or emotional admiration

From this reading The Journey It was a beautiful summer morning, and the hills and valleys of Brittany were flooded with sunlight.

beautynounUS /ˈbjuːti/

the qualities that give pleasure to the senses

From this reading The beauty of the fields and green woods concealed alike all traces of the last winter’s storms and the ravages so often occasioned by men when they sow the earth with fire and blood.

bloodnounUS /blʌd/

The red fluid that circulates in the heart and blood vessels.

From this reading The beauty of the fields and green woods concealed alike all traces of the last winter’s storms and the ravages so often occasioned by men when they sow the earth with fire and blood.

BrittanynounUS /ˈbrɪtəni/

a former province of northwestern France on a peninsula between the English Channel and the Bay of Biscay

From this reading The Journey It was a beautiful summer morning, and the hills and valleys of Brittany were flooded with sunlight.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The beauty of the fields and green woods concealed alike all traces of the last winter’s storms and the ravages so often occasioned by men when they sow the earth with fire and blood.

cavalcadenounUS /ˈkævəlkeɪd/

a procession of people traveling on horseback

From this reading As if still more to enhance the beauty of the scene, a cavalcade was seen approaching from the adjacent wooded heights.

concealedadjectiveUS /kənˈsiːld/

not accessible to view

From this reading The beauty of the fields and green woods concealed alike all traces of the last winter’s storms and the ravages so often occasioned by men when they sow the earth with fire and blood.

earthnounUS /ɜːrθ/

the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on

From this reading The beauty of the fields and green woods concealed alike all traces of the last winter’s storms and the ravages so often occasioned by men when they sow the earth with fire and blood.

enhanceverbUS /enˈhæns/

increase

From this reading As if still more to enhance the beauty of the scene, a cavalcade was seen approaching from the adjacent wooded heights.

entirelyadverbUS /ɪnˈtaɪərli/

to a complete degree or to the full or entire extent (“whole” is often used informally for “wholly”)

From this reading The riders followed the winding road, now in groups, now singly, and sometimes were entirely hidden from view.

exultantadjectiveUS /ɪɡˈzʌltənt/

joyful and proud especially because of triumph or success

From this reading All Nature seemed exultant, and all living things were sharing her transports.

fieldsnounUS /fiːldz/

United States comedian and film actor (1880-1946)

From this reading The beauty of the fields and green woods concealed alike all traces of the last winter’s storms and the ravages so often occasioned by men when they sow the earth with fire and blood.

fireverbUS /ˈfaɪər/

start firing a weapon

From this reading The beauty of the fields and green woods concealed alike all traces of the last winter’s storms and the ravages so often occasioned by men when they sow the earth with fire and blood.

floodedadjectiveUS /ˈflʌdəd/

covered with water

From this reading The Journey It was a beautiful summer morning, and the hills and valleys of Brittany were flooded with sunlight.

followedverbUS /ˈfɑːloʊd/

past form of “follow” — to travel behind, go after, come after

From this reading The riders followed the winding road, now in groups, now singly, and sometimes were entirely hidden from view.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading As if still more to enhance the beauty of the scene, a cavalcade was seen approaching from the adjacent wooded heights.

greennounUS /ɡriːn/

green color or pigment; resembling the color of growing grass

From this reading The beauty of the fields and green woods concealed alike all traces of the last winter’s storms and the ravages so often occasioned by men when they sow the earth with fire and blood.

groupsnounUS /ɡruːps/

plural of “group” — any number of entities (members) considered as a unit

From this reading The riders followed the winding road, now in groups, now singly, and sometimes were entirely hidden from view.

heightsnounUS /haɪts/

a high place

From this reading As if still more to enhance the beauty of the scene, a cavalcade was seen approaching from the adjacent wooded heights.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading All Nature seemed exultant, and all living things were sharing her transports.

hiddenadjectiveUS /ˈhɪdən/

not accessible to view

From this reading The riders followed the winding road, now in groups, now singly, and sometimes were entirely hidden from view.

hillsnounUS /hɪlz/

plural of “hill” — a local and well-defined elevation of the land

From this reading The Journey It was a beautiful summer morning, and the hills and valleys of Brittany were flooded with sunlight.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading As if still more to enhance the beauty of the scene, a cavalcade was seen approaching from the adjacent wooded heights.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The riders followed the winding road, now in groups, now singly, and sometimes were entirely hidden from view.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The Journey It was a beautiful summer morning, and the hills and valleys of Brittany were flooded with sunlight.

JourneyverbUS /ˈdʒɜːrni/

undertake a journey or trip

From this reading The Journey It was a beautiful summer morning, and the hills and valleys of Brittany were flooded with sunlight.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading The beauty of the fields and green woods concealed alike all traces of the last winter’s storms and the ravages so often occasioned by men when they sow the earth with fire and blood.

livingnounUS /ˈlɪvɪŋ/

the experience of being alive; the course of human events and activities

From this reading All Nature seemed exultant, and all living things were sharing her transports.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading The beauty of the fields and green woods concealed alike all traces of the last winter’s storms and the ravages so often occasioned by men when they sow the earth with fire and blood.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading As if still more to enhance the beauty of the scene, a cavalcade was seen approaching from the adjacent wooded heights.

morningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading The Journey It was a beautiful summer morning, and the hills and valleys of Brittany were flooded with sunlight.

NaturenounUS /ˈneɪtʃər/

the essential qualities or characteristics by which something is recognized

From this reading All Nature seemed exultant, and all living things were sharing her transports.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading The riders followed the winding road, now in groups, now singly, and sometimes were entirely hidden from view.

occasionedverbUS /əˈkeɪʒənd/

past form of “occasion” — give occasion to

From this reading The beauty of the fields and green woods concealed alike all traces of the last winter’s storms and the ravages so often occasioned by men when they sow the earth with fire and blood.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The Journey It was a beautiful summer morning, and the hills and valleys of Brittany were flooded with sunlight.

oftenadverbUS /ˈɔːfən/

many times at short intervals

From this reading The beauty of the fields and green woods concealed alike all traces of the last winter’s storms and the ravages so often occasioned by men when they sow the earth with fire and blood.

ravagesnounUS /ˈrævɪdʒɪz/

plural of “ravage” — (usually plural) a destructive action

From this reading The beauty of the fields and green woods concealed alike all traces of the last winter’s storms and the ravages so often occasioned by men when they sow the earth with fire and blood.

ridersnounUS /ˈraɪdərz/

plural of “rider” — a traveler who actively rides an animal (as a horse or camel)

From this reading The riders followed the winding road, now in groups, now singly, and sometimes were entirely hidden from view.

roadnounUS /roʊd/

an open way (generally public) for travel or transportation

From this reading The riders followed the winding road, now in groups, now singly, and sometimes were entirely hidden from view.

scenenounUS /siːn/

the place where some action occurs

From this reading As if still more to enhance the beauty of the scene, a cavalcade was seen approaching from the adjacent wooded heights.

seemedverbUS /siːmd/

past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading All Nature seemed exultant, and all living things were sharing her transports.

seenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading As if still more to enhance the beauty of the scene, a cavalcade was seen approaching from the adjacent wooded heights.

sharingnounUS /ˈʃerɪŋ/

using or enjoying something jointly with others

From this reading All Nature seemed exultant, and all living things were sharing her transports.

singlyadverbUS /ˈsɪŋɡli/

one by one; one at a time

From this reading The riders followed the winding road, now in groups, now singly, and sometimes were entirely hidden from view.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading The beauty of the fields and green woods concealed alike all traces of the last winter’s storms and the ravages so often occasioned by men when they sow the earth with fire and blood.

sometimesadverbUS /səmˈtaɪmz/

on certain occasions or in certain cases but not always

From this reading The riders followed the winding road, now in groups, now singly, and sometimes were entirely hidden from view.

sowverbUS /saʊ/

place (seeds) in or on the ground for future growth

From this reading The beauty of the fields and green woods concealed alike all traces of the last winter’s storms and the ravages so often occasioned by men when they sow the earth with fire and blood.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading As if still more to enhance the beauty of the scene, a cavalcade was seen approaching from the adjacent wooded heights.

stormsnounUS /stɔːrmz/

plural of “storm” — a violent weather condition with winds 64-72 knots (11 on the Beaufort scale) and precipitation and thunder and lightning

From this reading The beauty of the fields and green woods concealed alike all traces of the last winter’s storms and the ravages so often occasioned by men when they sow the earth with fire and blood.

summernounUS /ˈsʌmər/

the warmest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the summer solstice to the autumnal equinox

From this reading The Journey It was a beautiful summer morning, and the hills and valleys of Brittany were flooded with sunlight.

sunlightnounUS /ˈsʌnlaɪt/

the rays of the sun

From this reading The Journey It was a beautiful summer morning, and the hills and valleys of Brittany were flooded with sunlight.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The Journey It was a beautiful summer morning, and the hills and valleys of Brittany were flooded with sunlight.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The beauty of the fields and green woods concealed alike all traces of the last winter’s storms and the ravages so often occasioned by men when they sow the earth with fire and blood.

thingsnounUS /θɪŋz/

any movable possession (especially articles of clothing)

From this reading All Nature seemed exultant, and all living things were sharing her transports.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading As if still more to enhance the beauty of the scene, a cavalcade was seen approaching from the adjacent wooded heights.

tracesnounUS /ˈtreɪsəz/

plural of “trace” — a just detectable amount

From this reading The beauty of the fields and green woods concealed alike all traces of the last winter’s storms and the ravages so often occasioned by men when they sow the earth with fire and blood.

transportsnounUS /trænˈspɔːrts/

plural of “transport” — something that serves as a means of transportation

From this reading All Nature seemed exultant, and all living things were sharing her transports.

valleysnounUS /ˈvæliz/

plural of “valley” — a long depression in the surface of the land that usually contains a river

From this reading The Journey It was a beautiful summer morning, and the hills and valleys of Brittany were flooded with sunlight.

viewnounUS /vjuː/

a way of regarding situations or topics etc.

From this reading The riders followed the winding road, now in groups, now singly, and sometimes were entirely hidden from view.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The Journey It was a beautiful summer morning, and the hills and valleys of Brittany were flooded with sunlight.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The Journey It was a beautiful summer morning, and the hills and valleys of Brittany were flooded with sunlight.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading The beauty of the fields and green woods concealed alike all traces of the last winter’s storms and the ravages so often occasioned by men when they sow the earth with fire and blood.

windingadjectiveUS /ˈwaɪndɪŋ/

marked by repeated turns and bends

From this reading The riders followed the winding road, now in groups, now singly, and sometimes were entirely hidden from view.

winter'snounUS /ˈwɪntərz/

possessive form of “winter” — the coldest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the winter solstice to the vernal equinox

From this reading The beauty of the fields and green woods concealed alike all traces of the last winter’s storms and the ravages so often occasioned by men when they sow the earth with fire and blood.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The Journey It was a beautiful summer morning, and the hills and valleys of Brittany were flooded with sunlight.

woodedadjectiveUS /ˈwʊdɪd/

covered with growing trees and bushes etc

From this reading As if still more to enhance the beauty of the scene, a cavalcade was seen approaching from the adjacent wooded heights.

woodsnounUS /wʊdz/

the trees and other plants in a large densely wooded area

From this reading The beauty of the fields and green woods concealed alike all traces of the last winter’s storms and the ravages so often occasioned by men when they sow the earth with fire and blood.

Chapter 7 of The Duke of Brittany by Henriette Jeanrenaud holds 88 sentences, grouped into 18 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 7 of The Duke of Brittany contain?

Chapter 7 holds 88 sentences of The Duke of Brittany, unabridged, divided into 18 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 7 of The Duke of Brittany by Henriette Jeanrenaud exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 88 sentences, grouped into 18 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 7 of The Duke of Brittany?

Work through the 18 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 18 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 7 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 7 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Duke of Brittany

Common questions about reading The Duke of Brittany by Henriette Jeanrenaud on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Duke of Brittany?

Yes. All 1442 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #60257 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Duke of Brittany is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #60257, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Duke of Brittany take to read?

About 120 minutes of reading across 289 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Duke of Brittany section by section

How to work through The Duke of Brittany section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 22 chapters of The Duke of Brittany to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Duke of Brittany

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Duke of Brittany, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Translated
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Duke of Brittany; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
German
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Duke of Brittany; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Henriette
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Duke of Brittany; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Jeanrenaud
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Duke of Brittany; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.