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The Duke of Brittany
The Duke of Brittany

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of The Duke of Brittany is here in full — 37 sentences across 8 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/7 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
King Richard in Rouen After brief delay at the gate, the travellers were admitted and escorted to the place selected for them.
As Constance was anxious to meet the King at once, she sent word to the seneschal and followed him to the castle, accompanied by Arthur, Höel, and Alan.
A marshal met them near the entrance and called a servant to aid them in dismounting.
There was in the courtyard such a crowd of knights, pages, and court people of various ranks that they made slow progress.
Arthur paid little attention to the brilliant rooms through which they passed or to the persons who occupied them.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Duke of Brittany

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of The Duke of Brittany is here in full — 37 sentences across 8 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/7 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
King Richard in Rouen After brief delay at the gate, the travellers were admitted and escorted to the place selected for them.
Line 2
As Constance was anxious to meet the King at once, she sent word to the seneschal and followed him to the castle, accompanied by Arthur, Höel, and Alan.
Line 3
A marshal met them near the entrance and called a servant to aid them in dismounting.
Line 4
There was in the courtyard such a crowd of knights, pages, and court people of various ranks that they made slow progress.
/ðer wɑːz ɪn ðə ˈkɔːrt.jɑːrd sʌtʃ ə kraʊd ʌv naɪts ˈpeɪdʒəz ənd kɔːrt ˈpiːpəl ʌv ˈveriəs ræŋks ðæt ðeɪ meɪd sloʊ ˈprɑːɡres/
Line 5
Arthur paid little attention to the brilliant rooms through which they passed or to the persons who occupied them.
/ˈɑːrθər peɪd ˈlɪtəl əˈtenʃən tuː ðə ˈbrɪljənt ruːmz θruː wɪtʃ ðeɪ pæst ɔːr tuː ðə ˈpɜːrsənz huː ˈɑːkjəpaɪd ðem/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Constance noun US /ˈkɑːnstəns/

a lake in southeastern Germany on the northern side of the Swiss Alps; forms part of the Rhine River

From this reading “As Constance was anxious to meet the King at once, she sent word to the seneschal and followed him to the castle, accompanied by Arthur, Höel, and Alan.”

courtyard noun US /ˈkɔːrt.jɑːrd/

An unroofed area that is completely or partially enclosed by the walls of a house.

From this reading “There was in the courtyard such a crowd of knights, pages, and court people of various ranks that they made slow progress.”

escorted verb US /eˈskɔːrtɪd/

past form of “escort” — accompany as an escort

From this reading “King Richard in Rouen After brief delay at the gate, the travellers were admitted and escorted to the place selected for them.”

knights noun US /naɪts/

plural of “knight” — originally a person of noble birth trained to arms and chivalry; today in Great Britain a person honored by the sovereign for personal merit

From this reading “There was in the courtyard such a crowd of knights, pages, and court people of various ranks that they made slow progress.”

marshal verb US /ˈmɑːrʃəl/

place in proper rank

From this reading “A marshal met them near the entrance and called a servant to aid them in dismounting.”

ranks noun US /ræŋks/

plural of “rank” — a row or line of people (especially soldiers or police) standing abreast of one another

From this reading “There was in the courtyard such a crowd of knights, pages, and court people of various ranks that they made slow progress.”

selected adjective US /səˈlektɪd/

chosen in preference to another

From this reading “King Richard in Rouen After brief delay at the gate, the travellers were admitted and escorted to the place selected for them.”

travellers noun US /ˈtrævələrz/

plural of “traveller” — a person who changes location

From this reading “King Richard in Rouen After brief delay at the gate, the travellers were admitted and escorted to the place selected for them.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

slow progress adjective + noun

In this reading “There was in the courtyard such a crowd of knights, pages, and court people of various ranks that they made slow progress.”

at once preposition + adverb

without delay or hesitation; with no time intervening

In this reading “As Constance was anxious to meet the King at once, she sent word to the seneschal and followed him to the castle, accompanied by Arthur, Höel, and Alan.”

sent word noun + noun

In this reading “As Constance was anxious to meet the King at once, she sent word to the seneschal and followed him to the castle, accompanied by Arthur, Höel, and Alan.”

at the gate preposition + article + noun counted as “at … gate”

In this reading “King Richard in Rouen After brief delay at the gate, the travellers were admitted and escorted to the place selected for them.”

in the courtyard preposition + article + noun counted as “in … courtyard”

In this reading “There was in the courtyard such a crowd of knights, pages, and court people of various ranks that they made slow progress.”

little attention adjective + noun

In this reading “Arthur paid little attention to the brilliant rooms through which they passed or to the persons who occupied them.”

crowd of verb + particle

In this reading “There was in the courtyard such a crowd of knights, pages, and court people of various ranks that they made slow progress.”

All words in this reading · 75

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A marshal met them near the entrance and called a servant to aid them in dismounting.

accompaniedadjectiveUS /əˈkʌmpənid/

having companions or an escort

From this reading As Constance was anxious to meet the King at once, she sent word to the seneschal and followed him to the castle, accompanied by Arthur, Höel, and Alan.

admittedverbUS /ədˈmɪtɪd/

inflected form of “admit” — declare to be true or admit the existence or reality or truth of

From this reading King Richard in Rouen After brief delay at the gate, the travellers were admitted and escorted to the place selected for them.

AfterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading King Richard in Rouen After brief delay at the gate, the travellers were admitted and escorted to the place selected for them.

aidnounUS /eɪd/

a person or thing that is a resource that helps make something easier or possible to do

From this reading A marshal met them near the entrance and called a servant to aid them in dismounting.

Alan

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As Constance was anxious to meet the King at once, she sent word to the seneschal and followed him to the castle, accompanied by Arthur, Höel, and Alan.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading King Richard in Rouen After brief delay at the gate, the travellers were admitted and escorted to the place selected for them.

anxiousadjectiveUS /ˈæŋkʃəs/

eagerly desirous

From this reading As Constance was anxious to meet the King at once, she sent word to the seneschal and followed him to the castle, accompanied by Arthur, Höel, and Alan.

ArthurnounUS /ˈɑːrθər/

elected vice president and became 21st President of the United States when Garfield was assassinated (1830-1886)

From this reading As Constance was anxious to meet the King at once, she sent word to the seneschal and followed him to the castle, accompanied by Arthur, Höel, and Alan.

AsconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading As Constance was anxious to meet the King at once, she sent word to the seneschal and followed him to the castle, accompanied by Arthur, Höel, and Alan.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading King Richard in Rouen After brief delay at the gate, the travellers were admitted and escorted to the place selected for them.

attentionnounUS /əˈtenʃən/

the process whereby a person concentrates on some features of the environment to the (relative) exclusion of others

From this reading Arthur paid little attention to the brilliant rooms through which they passed or to the persons who occupied them.

briefadjectiveUS /briːf/

of short duration or distance

From this reading King Richard in Rouen After brief delay at the gate, the travellers were admitted and escorted to the place selected for them.

brilliantadjectiveUS /ˈbrɪljənt/

of surpassing excellence

From this reading Arthur paid little attention to the brilliant rooms through which they passed or to the persons who occupied them.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading As Constance was anxious to meet the King at once, she sent word to the seneschal and followed him to the castle, accompanied by Arthur, Höel, and Alan.

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading A marshal met them near the entrance and called a servant to aid them in dismounting.

castlenounUS /ˈkæsəl/

a large and stately mansion

From this reading As Constance was anxious to meet the King at once, she sent word to the seneschal and followed him to the castle, accompanied by Arthur, Höel, and Alan.

ConstancenounUS /ˈkɑːnstəns/

a lake in southeastern Germany on the northern side of the Swiss Alps; forms part of the Rhine River

From this reading As Constance was anxious to meet the King at once, she sent word to the seneschal and followed him to the castle, accompanied by Arthur, Höel, and Alan.

courtnounUS /kɔːrt/

an assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business

From this reading There was in the courtyard such a crowd of knights, pages, and court people of various ranks that they made slow progress.

courtyardnounUS /ˈkɔːrt.jɑːrd/

An unroofed area that is completely or partially enclosed by the walls of a house.

From this reading There was in the courtyard such a crowd of knights, pages, and court people of various ranks that they made slow progress.

crowdverbUS /kraʊd/

cause to herd, drive, or crowd together

From this reading There was in the courtyard such a crowd of knights, pages, and court people of various ranks that they made slow progress.

delayverbUS /dɪˈleɪ/

cause to be slowed down or delayed

From this reading King Richard in Rouen After brief delay at the gate, the travellers were admitted and escorted to the place selected for them.

dismounting

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A marshal met them near the entrance and called a servant to aid them in dismounting.

entrancenounUS /ˈentrəns/

something that provides access (to get in or get out)

From this reading A marshal met them near the entrance and called a servant to aid them in dismounting.

escortedverbUS /eˈskɔːrtɪd/

past form of “escort” — accompany as an escort

From this reading King Richard in Rouen After brief delay at the gate, the travellers were admitted and escorted to the place selected for them.

followedverbUS /ˈfɑːloʊd/

past form of “follow” — to travel behind, go after, come after

From this reading As Constance was anxious to meet the King at once, she sent word to the seneschal and followed him to the castle, accompanied by Arthur, Höel, and Alan.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading King Richard in Rouen After brief delay at the gate, the travellers were admitted and escorted to the place selected for them.

gatenounUS /ɡeɪt/

a movable barrier in a fence or wall

From this reading King Richard in Rouen After brief delay at the gate, the travellers were admitted and escorted to the place selected for them.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading As Constance was anxious to meet the King at once, she sent word to the seneschal and followed him to the castle, accompanied by Arthur, Höel, and Alan.

Höel

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As Constance was anxious to meet the King at once, she sent word to the seneschal and followed him to the castle, accompanied by Arthur, Höel, and Alan.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading King Richard in Rouen After brief delay at the gate, the travellers were admitted and escorted to the place selected for them.

KingnounUS /kɪŋ/

a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading King Richard in Rouen After brief delay at the gate, the travellers were admitted and escorted to the place selected for them.

knightsnounUS /naɪts/

plural of “knight” — originally a person of noble birth trained to arms and chivalry; today in Great Britain a person honored by the sovereign for personal merit

From this reading There was in the courtyard such a crowd of knights, pages, and court people of various ranks that they made slow progress.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Arthur paid little attention to the brilliant rooms through which they passed or to the persons who occupied them.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading There was in the courtyard such a crowd of knights, pages, and court people of various ranks that they made slow progress.

marshalverbUS /ˈmɑːrʃəl/

place in proper rank

From this reading A marshal met them near the entrance and called a servant to aid them in dismounting.

meetverbUS /miːt/

come together

From this reading As Constance was anxious to meet the King at once, she sent word to the seneschal and followed him to the castle, accompanied by Arthur, Höel, and Alan.

metverbUS /met/

inflected form of “meet” — come together

From this reading A marshal met them near the entrance and called a servant to aid them in dismounting.

nearadverbUS /nɪr/

near in time or place or relationship

From this reading A marshal met them near the entrance and called a servant to aid them in dismounting.

occupiedadjectiveUS /ˈɑːkjəpaɪd/

held or filled or in use

From this reading Arthur paid little attention to the brilliant rooms through which they passed or to the persons who occupied them.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading There was in the courtyard such a crowd of knights, pages, and court people of various ranks that they made slow progress.

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading As Constance was anxious to meet the King at once, she sent word to the seneschal and followed him to the castle, accompanied by Arthur, Höel, and Alan.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Arthur paid little attention to the brilliant rooms through which they passed or to the persons who occupied them.

pagesnounUS /ˈpeɪdʒəz/

plural of “page” — one side of one leaf (of a book or magazine or newspaper or letter etc.) or the written or pictorial matter it contains

From this reading There was in the courtyard such a crowd of knights, pages, and court people of various ranks that they made slow progress.

paidadjectiveUS /peɪd/

marked by the reception of pay

From this reading Arthur paid little attention to the brilliant rooms through which they passed or to the persons who occupied them.

passedverbUS /pæst/

past form of “pass” — go across or through

From this reading Arthur paid little attention to the brilliant rooms through which they passed or to the persons who occupied them.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading There was in the courtyard such a crowd of knights, pages, and court people of various ranks that they made slow progress.

personsnounUS /ˈpɜːrsənz/

plural of “person” — a human being

From this reading Arthur paid little attention to the brilliant rooms through which they passed or to the persons who occupied them.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading King Richard in Rouen After brief delay at the gate, the travellers were admitted and escorted to the place selected for them.

progressnounUS /ˈprɑːɡres/

gradual improvement or growth or development

From this reading There was in the courtyard such a crowd of knights, pages, and court people of various ranks that they made slow progress.

ranksnounUS /ræŋks/

plural of “rank” — a row or line of people (especially soldiers or police) standing abreast of one another

From this reading There was in the courtyard such a crowd of knights, pages, and court people of various ranks that they made slow progress.

Richard

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading King Richard in Rouen After brief delay at the gate, the travellers were admitted and escorted to the place selected for them.

roomsnounUS /ruːmz/

apartment consisting of a series of connected rooms used as a living unit (as in a hotel)

From this reading Arthur paid little attention to the brilliant rooms through which they passed or to the persons who occupied them.

Rouen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading King Richard in Rouen After brief delay at the gate, the travellers were admitted and escorted to the place selected for them.

selectedadjectiveUS /səˈlektɪd/

chosen in preference to another

From this reading King Richard in Rouen After brief delay at the gate, the travellers were admitted and escorted to the place selected for them.

seneschalnoun

the chief steward or butler of a great household

From this reading As Constance was anxious to meet the King at once, she sent word to the seneschal and followed him to the castle, accompanied by Arthur, Höel, and Alan.

sentnounUS /sent/

100 senti equal 1 kroon in Estonia

From this reading As Constance was anxious to meet the King at once, she sent word to the seneschal and followed him to the castle, accompanied by Arthur, Höel, and Alan.

servantnounUS /ˈsɜːrvənt/

a person working in the service of another (especially in the household)

From this reading A marshal met them near the entrance and called a servant to aid them in dismounting.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading As Constance was anxious to meet the King at once, she sent word to the seneschal and followed him to the castle, accompanied by Arthur, Höel, and Alan.

slowadjectiveUS /sloʊ/

not moving quickly; taking a comparatively long time

From this reading There was in the courtyard such a crowd of knights, pages, and court people of various ranks that they made slow progress.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading There was in the courtyard such a crowd of knights, pages, and court people of various ranks that they made slow progress.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading There was in the courtyard such a crowd of knights, pages, and court people of various ranks that they made slow progress.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading King Richard in Rouen After brief delay at the gate, the travellers were admitted and escorted to the place selected for them.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading King Richard in Rouen After brief delay at the gate, the travellers were admitted and escorted to the place selected for them.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There was in the courtyard such a crowd of knights, pages, and court people of various ranks that they made slow progress.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading There was in the courtyard such a crowd of knights, pages, and court people of various ranks that they made slow progress.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading Arthur paid little attention to the brilliant rooms through which they passed or to the persons who occupied them.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading King Richard in Rouen After brief delay at the gate, the travellers were admitted and escorted to the place selected for them.

travellersnounUS /ˈtrævələrz/

plural of “traveller” — a person who changes location

From this reading King Richard in Rouen After brief delay at the gate, the travellers were admitted and escorted to the place selected for them.

variousadjectiveUS /ˈveriəs/

of many different kinds purposefully arranged but lacking any uniformity

From this reading There was in the courtyard such a crowd of knights, pages, and court people of various ranks that they made slow progress.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading As Constance was anxious to meet the King at once, she sent word to the seneschal and followed him to the castle, accompanied by Arthur, Höel, and Alan.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading King Richard in Rouen After brief delay at the gate, the travellers were admitted and escorted to the place selected for them.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Arthur paid little attention to the brilliant rooms through which they passed or to the persons who occupied them.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Arthur paid little attention to the brilliant rooms through which they passed or to the persons who occupied them.

wordnounUS /wɜːrd/

a unit of language that native speakers can identify

From this reading As Constance was anxious to meet the King at once, she sent word to the seneschal and followed him to the castle, accompanied by Arthur, Höel, and Alan.

Chapter 8 of The Duke of Brittany by Henriette Jeanrenaud holds 37 sentences, grouped into 8 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of The Duke of Brittany contain?

Chapter 8 holds 37 sentences of The Duke of Brittany, unabridged, divided into 8 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of The Duke of Brittany by Henriette Jeanrenaud exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 37 sentences, grouped into 8 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of The Duke of Brittany?

Work through the 8 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 8 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Duke of Brittany

Common questions about reading The Duke of Brittany by Henriette Jeanrenaud on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Duke of Brittany?

Yes. All 1442 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #60257 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Duke of Brittany is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #60257, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Duke of Brittany take to read?

About 120 minutes of reading across 289 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Duke of Brittany section by section

How to work through The Duke of Brittany section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 22 chapters of The Duke of Brittany to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Duke of Brittany

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Duke of Brittany, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Translated
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Duke of Brittany; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
German
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Duke of Brittany; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Henriette
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Duke of Brittany; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Jeanrenaud
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Duke of Brittany; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.