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The Duke of Brittany
The Duke of Brittany

Chapter XV

Chapter 15 of The Duke of Brittany is here in full — 34 sentences across 7 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/6 · 5 lines
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Arthur’s Departure The recruiting of troops for the Duke of Brittany now made rapid progress.
Famous knights offered themselves and their followers for his service.
Many of the leaders in the Crusade, who had been forced to discharge their followers, now assembled them anew under Höel’s standard and accepted his earnest money, and Alan selected sixteen knights, the flower of the young nobles, who devoted themselves to the exclusive personal service of the Duke and received a princely sum for their outfit.
The court ladies also took an active part in the war preparations and assembled daily in the Queen’s apartments to work upon fine embroideries.
Arthur and his knights were provided with gorgeous banners and sashes, and were often consulted about their decoration.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Duke of Brittany

Chapter XV

Chapter 15 of The Duke of Brittany is here in full — 34 sentences across 7 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/6 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Arthur’s Departure The recruiting of troops for the Duke of Brittany now made rapid progress.
/ˈɑːrθərz dɪˈpɑːrtʃər ðə rəˈkruːtɪŋ ʌv truːps fɔːr ðə duːk ʌv ˈbrɪtəni naʊ meɪd ˈræpəd ˈprɑːɡres/
Line 2
Famous knights offered themselves and their followers for his service.
/ˈfeɪməs naɪts ˈɔːfərd ðemˈselvz ənd ðer ˈfɑːloʊərz fɔːr hɪz ˈsɜːrvəs/
Line 3
Many of the leaders in the Crusade, who had been forced to discharge their followers, now assembled them anew under Höel’s standard and accepted his earnest money, and Alan selected sixteen knights, the flower of the young nobles, who devoted themselves to the exclusive personal service of the Duke and received a princely sum for their outfit.
Line 4
The court ladies also took an active part in the war preparations and assembled daily in the Queen’s apartments to work upon fine embroideries.
/ðə kɔːrt ˈleɪdiz ˈɔːlsoʊ tʊk æn ˈæktɪv pɑːrt ɪn ðə wɔːr ˌprepərˈeɪʃənz ənd əˈsembəld ˈdeɪli ɪn ðə kwiːnz əˈpɑːrtmənts tuː wɜːrk əˈpɑːn faɪn ɪmˈbrɔɪdəriz/
Line 5
Arthur and his knights were provided with gorgeous banners and sashes, and were often consulted about their decoration.
/ˈɑːrθər ənd hɪz naɪts wɜːr prəˈvaɪdɪd wɪð ˈɡɔːrdʒəs ˈbænərz ənd ˈsæʃɪz ənd wɜːr ˈɔːfən kənˈsʌltəd əˈbaʊt ðer ˌdekərˈeɪʃən/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Arthur's noun US /ˈɑːrθərz/

possessive form of “arthur” — elected vice president and became 21st President of the United States when Garfield was assassinated (1830-1886)

Brittany noun US /ˈbrɪtəni/

a former province of northwestern France on a peninsula between the English Channel and the Bay of Biscay

From this reading “Arthur’s Departure The recruiting of troops for the Duke of Brittany now made rapid progress.”

Crusade noun US /kruːˈseɪd/

a series of actions advancing a principle or tending toward a particular end

From this reading “Many of the leaders in the Crusade, who had been forced to discharge their followers, now assembled them anew under Höel’s standard and accepted his earnest money, and Alan selected sixteen knights, the flower of the young nobles, who devoted themselves to the exclusive personal service of the Duke and received a princely sum for their outfit.”

decoration noun US /ˌdekərˈeɪʃən/

something used to beautify

From this reading “Arthur and his knights were provided with gorgeous banners and sashes, and were often consulted about their decoration.”

embroideries noun US /ɪmˈbrɔɪdəriz/

plural of “embroidery” — elaboration of an interpretation by the use of decorative (sometimes fictitious) detail

From this reading “The court ladies also took an active part in the war preparations and assembled daily in the Queen’s apartments to work upon fine embroideries.”

princely adjective US /ˈprɪnsli/

ostentatiously rich and superior in quality

From this reading “Many of the leaders in the Crusade, who had been forced to discharge their followers, now assembled them anew under Höel’s standard and accepted his earnest money, and Alan selected sixteen knights, the flower of the young nobles, who devoted themselves to the exclusive personal service of the Duke and received a princely sum for their outfit.”

recruiting verb US /rəˈkruːtɪŋ/

-ing form of “recruit” — register formally as a participant or member

From this reading “Arthur’s Departure The recruiting of troops for the Duke of Brittany now made rapid progress.”

sashes noun US /ˈsæʃɪz/

plural of “sash” — a framework that holds the panes of a window in the window frame

From this reading “Arthur and his knights were provided with gorgeous banners and sashes, and were often consulted about their decoration.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

rapid progress adjective + noun

In this reading “Arthur’s Departure The recruiting of troops for the Duke of Brittany now made rapid progress.”

active part adjective + noun

In this reading “The court ladies also took an active part in the war preparations and assembled daily in the Queen’s apartments to work upon fine embroideries.”

Famous knights adjective + noun counted as “famous knight”

In this reading “Famous knights offered themselves and their followers for his service.”

provided with verb + particle counted as “provide with”

In this reading “Arthur and his knights were provided with gorgeous banners and sashes, and were often consulted about their decoration.”

work upon verb + particle

In this reading “The court ladies also took an active part in the war preparations and assembled daily in the Queen’s apartments to work upon fine embroideries.”

All words in this reading · 82

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Many of the leaders in the Crusade, who had been forced to discharge their followers, now assembled them anew under Höel’s standard and accepted his earnest money, and Alan selected sixteen knights, the flower of the young nobles, who devoted themselves to the exclusive personal service of the Duke and received a princely sum for their outfit.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading Arthur and his knights were provided with gorgeous banners and sashes, and were often consulted about their decoration.

acceptedadjectiveUS /ækˈseptɪd/

generally approved or compelling recognition

From this reading Many of the leaders in the Crusade, who had been forced to discharge their followers, now assembled them anew under Höel’s standard and accepted his earnest money, and Alan selected sixteen knights, the flower of the young nobles, who devoted themselves to the exclusive personal service of the Duke and received a princely sum for their outfit.

activeadjectiveUS /ˈæktɪv/

tending to become more severe or wider in scope

From this reading The court ladies also took an active part in the war preparations and assembled daily in the Queen’s apartments to work upon fine embroideries.

Alan

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Many of the leaders in the Crusade, who had been forced to discharge their followers, now assembled them anew under Höel’s standard and accepted his earnest money, and Alan selected sixteen knights, the flower of the young nobles, who devoted themselves to the exclusive personal service of the Duke and received a princely sum for their outfit.

alsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading The court ladies also took an active part in the war preparations and assembled daily in the Queen’s apartments to work upon fine embroideries.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading The court ladies also took an active part in the war preparations and assembled daily in the Queen’s apartments to work upon fine embroideries.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Famous knights offered themselves and their followers for his service.

anewadverbUS /əˈnuː/

again but in a new or different way

From this reading Many of the leaders in the Crusade, who had been forced to discharge their followers, now assembled them anew under Höel’s standard and accepted his earnest money, and Alan selected sixteen knights, the flower of the young nobles, who devoted themselves to the exclusive personal service of the Duke and received a princely sum for their outfit.

apartmentsnounUS /əˈpɑːrtmənts/

plural of “apartment” — a suite of rooms usually on one floor of an apartment house

From this reading The court ladies also took an active part in the war preparations and assembled daily in the Queen’s apartments to work upon fine embroideries.

ArthurnounUS /ˈɑːrθər/

elected vice president and became 21st President of the United States when Garfield was assassinated (1830-1886)

From this reading Arthur and his knights were provided with gorgeous banners and sashes, and were often consulted about their decoration.

Arthur'snounUS /ˈɑːrθərz/

possessive form of “arthur” — elected vice president and became 21st President of the United States when Garfield was assassinated (1830-1886)

From this reading Arthur’s Departure The recruiting of troops for the Duke of Brittany now made rapid progress.

assembledverbUS /əˈsembəld/

past form of “assemble” — create by putting components or members together

From this reading Many of the leaders in the Crusade, who had been forced to discharge their followers, now assembled them anew under Höel’s standard and accepted his earnest money, and Alan selected sixteen knights, the flower of the young nobles, who devoted themselves to the exclusive personal service of the Duke and received a princely sum for their outfit.

bannersnounUS /ˈbænərz/

plural of “banner” — long strip of cloth or paper used for decoration or advertising

From this reading Arthur and his knights were provided with gorgeous banners and sashes, and were often consulted about their decoration.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Many of the leaders in the Crusade, who had been forced to discharge their followers, now assembled them anew under Höel’s standard and accepted his earnest money, and Alan selected sixteen knights, the flower of the young nobles, who devoted themselves to the exclusive personal service of the Duke and received a princely sum for their outfit.

BrittanynounUS /ˈbrɪtəni/

a former province of northwestern France on a peninsula between the English Channel and the Bay of Biscay

From this reading Arthur’s Departure The recruiting of troops for the Duke of Brittany now made rapid progress.

consultedverbUS /kənˈsʌltəd/

past form of “consult” — get or ask advice from

From this reading Arthur and his knights were provided with gorgeous banners and sashes, and were often consulted about their decoration.

courtnounUS /kɔːrt/

an assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business

From this reading The court ladies also took an active part in the war preparations and assembled daily in the Queen’s apartments to work upon fine embroideries.

CrusadenounUS /kruːˈseɪd/

a series of actions advancing a principle or tending toward a particular end

From this reading Many of the leaders in the Crusade, who had been forced to discharge their followers, now assembled them anew under Höel’s standard and accepted his earnest money, and Alan selected sixteen knights, the flower of the young nobles, who devoted themselves to the exclusive personal service of the Duke and received a princely sum for their outfit.

dailyadverbUS /ˈdeɪli/

every day; without missing a day

From this reading The court ladies also took an active part in the war preparations and assembled daily in the Queen’s apartments to work upon fine embroideries.

decorationnounUS /ˌdekərˈeɪʃən/

something used to beautify

From this reading Arthur and his knights were provided with gorgeous banners and sashes, and were often consulted about their decoration.

DeparturenounUS /dɪˈpɑːrtʃər/

the act of departing

From this reading Arthur’s Departure The recruiting of troops for the Duke of Brittany now made rapid progress.

devotedadjectiveUS /dɪˈvoʊtɪd/

zealous in devotion or affection

From this reading Many of the leaders in the Crusade, who had been forced to discharge their followers, now assembled them anew under Höel’s standard and accepted his earnest money, and Alan selected sixteen knights, the flower of the young nobles, who devoted themselves to the exclusive personal service of the Duke and received a princely sum for their outfit.

dischargeverbUS /dɪsˈtʃɑːrdʒ/

complete or carry out

From this reading Many of the leaders in the Crusade, who had been forced to discharge their followers, now assembled them anew under Höel’s standard and accepted his earnest money, and Alan selected sixteen knights, the flower of the young nobles, who devoted themselves to the exclusive personal service of the Duke and received a princely sum for their outfit.

DukenounUS /duːk/

a British peer of the highest rank

From this reading Arthur’s Departure The recruiting of troops for the Duke of Brittany now made rapid progress.

earnestadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrnɪst/

characterized by a firm and humorless belief in the validity of your opinions

From this reading Many of the leaders in the Crusade, who had been forced to discharge their followers, now assembled them anew under Höel’s standard and accepted his earnest money, and Alan selected sixteen knights, the flower of the young nobles, who devoted themselves to the exclusive personal service of the Duke and received a princely sum for their outfit.

embroideriesnounUS /ɪmˈbrɔɪdəriz/

plural of “embroidery” — elaboration of an interpretation by the use of decorative (sometimes fictitious) detail

From this reading The court ladies also took an active part in the war preparations and assembled daily in the Queen’s apartments to work upon fine embroideries.

exclusiveadjectiveUS /ɪkˈskluːsɪv/

not divided or shared with others

From this reading Many of the leaders in the Crusade, who had been forced to discharge their followers, now assembled them anew under Höel’s standard and accepted his earnest money, and Alan selected sixteen knights, the flower of the young nobles, who devoted themselves to the exclusive personal service of the Duke and received a princely sum for their outfit.

FamousadjectiveUS /ˈfeɪməs/

widely known and esteemed

From this reading Famous knights offered themselves and their followers for his service.

fineadjectiveUS /faɪn/

being satisfactory or in satisfactory condition

From this reading The court ladies also took an active part in the war preparations and assembled daily in the Queen’s apartments to work upon fine embroideries.

flowernounUS /ˈflaʊər/

a plant cultivated for its blooms or blossoms

From this reading Many of the leaders in the Crusade, who had been forced to discharge their followers, now assembled them anew under Höel’s standard and accepted his earnest money, and Alan selected sixteen knights, the flower of the young nobles, who devoted themselves to the exclusive personal service of the Duke and received a princely sum for their outfit.

followersnounUS /ˈfɑːloʊərz/

a group of followers or enthusiasts

From this reading Famous knights offered themselves and their followers for his service.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Arthur’s Departure The recruiting of troops for the Duke of Brittany now made rapid progress.

forcedadjectiveUS /fɔːrst/

produced by or subjected to forcing

From this reading Many of the leaders in the Crusade, who had been forced to discharge their followers, now assembled them anew under Höel’s standard and accepted his earnest money, and Alan selected sixteen knights, the flower of the young nobles, who devoted themselves to the exclusive personal service of the Duke and received a princely sum for their outfit.

gorgeousadjectiveUS /ˈɡɔːrdʒəs/

dazzlingly beautiful

From this reading Arthur and his knights were provided with gorgeous banners and sashes, and were often consulted about their decoration.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Many of the leaders in the Crusade, who had been forced to discharge their followers, now assembled them anew under Höel’s standard and accepted his earnest money, and Alan selected sixteen knights, the flower of the young nobles, who devoted themselves to the exclusive personal service of the Duke and received a princely sum for their outfit.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Famous knights offered themselves and their followers for his service.

Höel's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Many of the leaders in the Crusade, who had been forced to discharge their followers, now assembled them anew under Höel’s standard and accepted his earnest money, and Alan selected sixteen knights, the flower of the young nobles, who devoted themselves to the exclusive personal service of the Duke and received a princely sum for their outfit.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Many of the leaders in the Crusade, who had been forced to discharge their followers, now assembled them anew under Höel’s standard and accepted his earnest money, and Alan selected sixteen knights, the flower of the young nobles, who devoted themselves to the exclusive personal service of the Duke and received a princely sum for their outfit.

knightsnounUS /naɪts/

plural of “knight” — originally a person of noble birth trained to arms and chivalry; today in Great Britain a person honored by the sovereign for personal merit

From this reading Famous knights offered themselves and their followers for his service.

ladiesnounUS /ˈleɪdiz/

plural of “lady” — a polite name for any woman

From this reading The court ladies also took an active part in the war preparations and assembled daily in the Queen’s apartments to work upon fine embroideries.

leadersnounUS /ˈliːdərz/

the body of people who lead a group

From this reading Many of the leaders in the Crusade, who had been forced to discharge their followers, now assembled them anew under Höel’s standard and accepted his earnest money, and Alan selected sixteen knights, the flower of the young nobles, who devoted themselves to the exclusive personal service of the Duke and received a princely sum for their outfit.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading Arthur’s Departure The recruiting of troops for the Duke of Brittany now made rapid progress.

ManyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading Many of the leaders in the Crusade, who had been forced to discharge their followers, now assembled them anew under Höel’s standard and accepted his earnest money, and Alan selected sixteen knights, the flower of the young nobles, who devoted themselves to the exclusive personal service of the Duke and received a princely sum for their outfit.

moneynounUS /ˈmʌni/

the most common medium of exchange; functions as legal tender

From this reading Many of the leaders in the Crusade, who had been forced to discharge their followers, now assembled them anew under Höel’s standard and accepted his earnest money, and Alan selected sixteen knights, the flower of the young nobles, who devoted themselves to the exclusive personal service of the Duke and received a princely sum for their outfit.

noblesnounUS /ˈnoʊbəlz/

plural of “noble” — a titled peer of the realm

From this reading Many of the leaders in the Crusade, who had been forced to discharge their followers, now assembled them anew under Höel’s standard and accepted his earnest money, and Alan selected sixteen knights, the flower of the young nobles, who devoted themselves to the exclusive personal service of the Duke and received a princely sum for their outfit.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Arthur’s Departure The recruiting of troops for the Duke of Brittany now made rapid progress.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Arthur’s Departure The recruiting of troops for the Duke of Brittany now made rapid progress.

offeredverbUS /ˈɔːfərd/

past form of “offer” — make available or accessible, provide or furnish

From this reading Famous knights offered themselves and their followers for his service.

oftenadverbUS /ˈɔːfən/

many times at short intervals

From this reading Arthur and his knights were provided with gorgeous banners and sashes, and were often consulted about their decoration.

outfitnounUS /ˈaʊtfɪt/

any cohesive unit such as a military company

From this reading Many of the leaders in the Crusade, who had been forced to discharge their followers, now assembled them anew under Höel’s standard and accepted his earnest money, and Alan selected sixteen knights, the flower of the young nobles, who devoted themselves to the exclusive personal service of the Duke and received a princely sum for their outfit.

partnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading The court ladies also took an active part in the war preparations and assembled daily in the Queen’s apartments to work upon fine embroideries.

personaladjectiveUS /ˈpɜːrsɪnəl/

concerning or affecting a particular person or his or her private life and personality

From this reading Many of the leaders in the Crusade, who had been forced to discharge their followers, now assembled them anew under Höel’s standard and accepted his earnest money, and Alan selected sixteen knights, the flower of the young nobles, who devoted themselves to the exclusive personal service of the Duke and received a princely sum for their outfit.

preparationsnounUS /ˌprepərˈeɪʃənz/

plural of “preparation” — the activity of putting or setting in order in advance of some act or purpose

From this reading The court ladies also took an active part in the war preparations and assembled daily in the Queen’s apartments to work upon fine embroideries.

princelyadjectiveUS /ˈprɪnsli/

ostentatiously rich and superior in quality

From this reading Many of the leaders in the Crusade, who had been forced to discharge their followers, now assembled them anew under Höel’s standard and accepted his earnest money, and Alan selected sixteen knights, the flower of the young nobles, who devoted themselves to the exclusive personal service of the Duke and received a princely sum for their outfit.

progressnounUS /ˈprɑːɡres/

gradual improvement or growth or development

From this reading Arthur’s Departure The recruiting of troops for the Duke of Brittany now made rapid progress.

providedverbUS /prəˈvaɪdɪd/

past form of “provide” — give something useful or necessary to

From this reading Arthur and his knights were provided with gorgeous banners and sashes, and were often consulted about their decoration.

Queen'snounUS /kwiːnz/

possessive form of “queen” — the only fertile female in a colony of social insects such as bees and ants and termites; its function is to lay eggs

From this reading The court ladies also took an active part in the war preparations and assembled daily in the Queen’s apartments to work upon fine embroideries.

rapidadjectiveUS /ˈræpəd/

done or occurring in a brief period of time

From this reading Arthur’s Departure The recruiting of troops for the Duke of Brittany now made rapid progress.

receivedadjectiveUS /rəˈsiːvd/

conforming to the established language usage of educated native speakers

From this reading Many of the leaders in the Crusade, who had been forced to discharge their followers, now assembled them anew under Höel’s standard and accepted his earnest money, and Alan selected sixteen knights, the flower of the young nobles, who devoted themselves to the exclusive personal service of the Duke and received a princely sum for their outfit.

recruitingverbUS /rəˈkruːtɪŋ/

-ing form of “recruit” — register formally as a participant or member

From this reading Arthur’s Departure The recruiting of troops for the Duke of Brittany now made rapid progress.

sashesnounUS /ˈsæʃɪz/

plural of “sash” — a framework that holds the panes of a window in the window frame

From this reading Arthur and his knights were provided with gorgeous banners and sashes, and were often consulted about their decoration.

selectedadjectiveUS /səˈlektɪd/

chosen in preference to another

From this reading Many of the leaders in the Crusade, who had been forced to discharge their followers, now assembled them anew under Höel’s standard and accepted his earnest money, and Alan selected sixteen knights, the flower of the young nobles, who devoted themselves to the exclusive personal service of the Duke and received a princely sum for their outfit.

servicenounUS /ˈsɜːrvəs/

work done by one person or group that benefits another

From this reading Famous knights offered themselves and their followers for his service.

sixteenadjectiveUS /sɪkˈstiːn/

being one more than fifteen

From this reading Many of the leaders in the Crusade, who had been forced to discharge their followers, now assembled them anew under Höel’s standard and accepted his earnest money, and Alan selected sixteen knights, the flower of the young nobles, who devoted themselves to the exclusive personal service of the Duke and received a princely sum for their outfit.

standardadjectiveUS /ˈstændərd/

conforming to or constituting a standard of measurement or value; or of the usual or regularized or accepted kind

From this reading Many of the leaders in the Crusade, who had been forced to discharge their followers, now assembled them anew under Höel’s standard and accepted his earnest money, and Alan selected sixteen knights, the flower of the young nobles, who devoted themselves to the exclusive personal service of the Duke and received a princely sum for their outfit.

sumnounUS /sʌm/

a quantity of money

From this reading Many of the leaders in the Crusade, who had been forced to discharge their followers, now assembled them anew under Höel’s standard and accepted his earnest money, and Alan selected sixteen knights, the flower of the young nobles, who devoted themselves to the exclusive personal service of the Duke and received a princely sum for their outfit.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Arthur’s Departure The recruiting of troops for the Duke of Brittany now made rapid progress.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Famous knights offered themselves and their followers for his service.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Many of the leaders in the Crusade, who had been forced to discharge their followers, now assembled them anew under Höel’s standard and accepted his earnest money, and Alan selected sixteen knights, the flower of the young nobles, who devoted themselves to the exclusive personal service of the Duke and received a princely sum for their outfit.

themselvespronounUS /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading Famous knights offered themselves and their followers for his service.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Many of the leaders in the Crusade, who had been forced to discharge their followers, now assembled them anew under Höel’s standard and accepted his earnest money, and Alan selected sixteen knights, the flower of the young nobles, who devoted themselves to the exclusive personal service of the Duke and received a princely sum for their outfit.

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading The court ladies also took an active part in the war preparations and assembled daily in the Queen’s apartments to work upon fine embroideries.

troopsnounUS /truːps/

soldiers collectively

From this reading Arthur’s Departure The recruiting of troops for the Duke of Brittany now made rapid progress.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading Many of the leaders in the Crusade, who had been forced to discharge their followers, now assembled them anew under Höel’s standard and accepted his earnest money, and Alan selected sixteen knights, the flower of the young nobles, who devoted themselves to the exclusive personal service of the Duke and received a princely sum for their outfit.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading The court ladies also took an active part in the war preparations and assembled daily in the Queen’s apartments to work upon fine embroideries.

warnounUS /wɔːr/

the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading The court ladies also took an active part in the war preparations and assembled daily in the Queen’s apartments to work upon fine embroideries.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Arthur and his knights were provided with gorgeous banners and sashes, and were often consulted about their decoration.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Many of the leaders in the Crusade, who had been forced to discharge their followers, now assembled them anew under Höel’s standard and accepted his earnest money, and Alan selected sixteen knights, the flower of the young nobles, who devoted themselves to the exclusive personal service of the Duke and received a princely sum for their outfit.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Arthur and his knights were provided with gorgeous banners and sashes, and were often consulted about their decoration.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading The court ladies also took an active part in the war preparations and assembled daily in the Queen’s apartments to work upon fine embroideries.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading Many of the leaders in the Crusade, who had been forced to discharge their followers, now assembled them anew under Höel’s standard and accepted his earnest money, and Alan selected sixteen knights, the flower of the young nobles, who devoted themselves to the exclusive personal service of the Duke and received a princely sum for their outfit.

Chapter 15 of The Duke of Brittany by Henriette Jeanrenaud holds 34 sentences, grouped into 7 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 15 of The Duke of Brittany contain?

Chapter 15 holds 34 sentences of The Duke of Brittany, unabridged, divided into 7 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 15 of The Duke of Brittany by Henriette Jeanrenaud exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 34 sentences, grouped into 7 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 15 of The Duke of Brittany?

Work through the 7 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 7 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 15 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 15 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Duke of Brittany

Common questions about reading The Duke of Brittany by Henriette Jeanrenaud on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Duke of Brittany?

Yes. All 1442 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #60257 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Duke of Brittany is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #60257, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Duke of Brittany take to read?

About 120 minutes of reading across 289 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Duke of Brittany section by section

How to work through The Duke of Brittany section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 22 chapters of The Duke of Brittany to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Duke of Brittany

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Duke of Brittany, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Translated
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Duke of Brittany; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
German
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Duke of Brittany; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Henriette
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Duke of Brittany; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Jeanrenaud
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Duke of Brittany; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.