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The Education of Henry Adams
The Education of Henry Adams

Chapter X · Chapter 10

Chapter 10 of The Education of Henry Adams is here in full — 352 sentences across 71 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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POLITICAL MORALITY (1862) ON Moran's promotion to be Secretary, Mr. Seward inquired whether Minister Adams would like the place of Assistant Secretary for his son.
It was the first--and last--office ever offered him, if indeed he could claim what was offered in fact to his father.
To them both, the change seemed useless.
Any young man could make some sort of Assistant Secretary; only one, just at that moment, could make an Assistant Son.
More than half his duties were domestic; they sometimes required long absences; they always required independence of the Government service.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
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/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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The Education of Henry Adams

Chapter X · Chapter 10

Chapter 10 of The Education of Henry Adams is here in full — 352 sentences across 71 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/70 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
POLITICAL MORALITY (1862) ON Moran's promotion to be Secretary, Mr. Seward inquired whether Minister Adams would like the place of Assistant Secretary for his son.
Line 2
It was the first--and last--office ever offered him, if indeed he could claim what was offered in fact to his father.
Line 3
To them both, the change seemed useless.
/tuː ðem boʊθ ðə tʃeɪndʒ siːmd ˈjuːsləs/
Line 4
Any young man could make some sort of Assistant Secretary; only one, just at that moment, could make an Assistant Son.
/ˈeni jʌŋ mæn kʊd meɪk sʌm sɔːrt ʌv əˈsɪstənt ˈsekrəteri ˈoʊnli wʌn dʒʌst æt ðæt ˈmoʊmənt kʊd meɪk æn əˈsɪstənt sʌn/
Line 5
More than half his duties were domestic; they sometimes required long absences; they always required independence of the Government service.
/mɔːr ðæn hæf hɪz ˈduːtiz wɜːr dəˈmestɪk ðeɪ səmˈtaɪmz riˈkwaɪərd lɔːŋ ˈæbsənsɪz ðeɪ ˈɔːlweɪz riˈkwaɪərd ˌɪndɪˈpendəns ʌv ðə ˈɡʌvərmənt ˈsɜːrvəs/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

absences noun US /ˈæbsənsɪz/

plural of “absence” — the state of being absent

From this reading “More than half his duties were domestic; they sometimes required long absences; they always required independence of the Government service.”

Adams noun US /ˈædəmz/

American Revolutionary leader and patriot; an organizer of the Boston Tea Party and signer of the Declaration of Independence (1722-1803)

From this reading “POLITICAL MORALITY (1862) ON Moran's promotion to be Secretary, Mr. Seward inquired whether Minister Adams would like the place of Assistant Secretary for his son.”

Assistant noun US /əˈsɪstənt/

a person who contributes to the fulfillment of a need or furtherance of an effort or purpose

From this reading “POLITICAL MORALITY (1862) ON Moran's promotion to be Secretary, Mr. Seward inquired whether Minister Adams would like the place of Assistant Secretary for his son.”

domestic adjective US /dəˈmestɪk/

of concern to or concerning the internal affairs of a nation

From this reading “More than half his duties were domestic; they sometimes required long absences; they always required independence of the Government service.”

independence noun US /ˌɪndɪˈpendəns/

freedom from control or influence of another or others

From this reading “More than half his duties were domestic; they sometimes required long absences; they always required independence of the Government service.”

morality noun US /mərˈæləti/

concern with the distinction between good and evil or right and wrong; right or good conduct

From this reading “POLITICAL MORALITY (1862) ON Moran's promotion to be Secretary, Mr. Seward inquired whether Minister Adams would like the place of Assistant Secretary for his son.”

promotion noun US /prəˈmoʊʃən/

a message issued in behalf of some product or cause or idea or person or institution

From this reading “POLITICAL MORALITY (1862) ON Moran's promotion to be Secretary, Mr. Seward inquired whether Minister Adams would like the place of Assistant Secretary for his son.”

Seward noun US /ˈsuːərd/

United States politician who as Secretary of State in 1867 arranged for the purchase of Alaska from Russia (known at the time as Seward's Folly) (1801-1872)

From this reading “POLITICAL MORALITY (1862) ON Moran's promotion to be Secretary, Mr. Seward inquired whether Minister Adams would like the place of Assistant Secretary for his son.”

All words in this reading · 75

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1862

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading POLITICAL MORALITY (1862) ON Moran's promotion to be Secretary, Mr. Seward inquired whether Minister Adams would like the place of Assistant Secretary for his son.

absencesnounUS /ˈæbsənsɪz/

plural of “absence” — the state of being absent

From this reading More than half his duties were domestic; they sometimes required long absences; they always required independence of the Government service.

AdamsnounUS /ˈædəmz/

American Revolutionary leader and patriot; an organizer of the Boston Tea Party and signer of the Declaration of Independence (1722-1803)

From this reading POLITICAL MORALITY (1862) ON Moran's promotion to be Secretary, Mr. Seward inquired whether Minister Adams would like the place of Assistant Secretary for his son.

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading More than half his duties were domestic; they sometimes required long absences; they always required independence of the Government service.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Any young man could make some sort of Assistant Secretary; only one, just at that moment, could make an Assistant Son.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading It was the first--and last--office ever offered him, if indeed he could claim what was offered in fact to his father.

AnyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading Any young man could make some sort of Assistant Secretary; only one, just at that moment, could make an Assistant Son.

AssistantnounUS /əˈsɪstənt/

a person who contributes to the fulfillment of a need or furtherance of an effort or purpose

From this reading POLITICAL MORALITY (1862) ON Moran's promotion to be Secretary, Mr. Seward inquired whether Minister Adams would like the place of Assistant Secretary for his son.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Any young man could make some sort of Assistant Secretary; only one, just at that moment, could make an Assistant Son.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading POLITICAL MORALITY (1862) ON Moran's promotion to be Secretary, Mr. Seward inquired whether Minister Adams would like the place of Assistant Secretary for his son.

bothdeterminerUS /boʊθ/

the two together, not just one

From this reading To them both, the change seemed useless.

changeverbUS /tʃeɪndʒ/

cause to change; make different; cause a transformation

From this reading To them both, the change seemed useless.

claimnounUS /kleɪm/

an assertion of a right (as to money or property)

From this reading It was the first--and last--office ever offered him, if indeed he could claim what was offered in fact to his father.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading It was the first--and last--office ever offered him, if indeed he could claim what was offered in fact to his father.

domesticadjectiveUS /dəˈmestɪk/

of concern to or concerning the internal affairs of a nation

From this reading More than half his duties were domestic; they sometimes required long absences; they always required independence of the Government service.

dutiesnounUS /ˈduːtiz/

plural of “duty” — the social force that binds you to the courses of action demanded by that force

From this reading More than half his duties were domestic; they sometimes required long absences; they always required independence of the Government service.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading It was the first--and last--office ever offered him, if indeed he could claim what was offered in fact to his father.

factnounUS /fækt/

a piece of information about circumstances that exist or events that have occurred

From this reading It was the first--and last--office ever offered him, if indeed he could claim what was offered in fact to his father.

fathernounUS /ˈfɑːðər/

a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading It was the first--and last--office ever offered him, if indeed he could claim what was offered in fact to his father.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading It was the first--and last--office ever offered him, if indeed he could claim what was offered in fact to his father.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading POLITICAL MORALITY (1862) ON Moran's promotion to be Secretary, Mr. Seward inquired whether Minister Adams would like the place of Assistant Secretary for his son.

GovernmentnounUS /ˈɡʌvərmənt/

the organization that is the governing authority of a political unit

From this reading More than half his duties were domestic; they sometimes required long absences; they always required independence of the Government service.

halfadjectiveUS /hæf/

consisting of one of two equivalent parts in value or quantity

From this reading More than half his duties were domestic; they sometimes required long absences; they always required independence of the Government service.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading It was the first--and last--office ever offered him, if indeed he could claim what was offered in fact to his father.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading It was the first--and last--office ever offered him, if indeed he could claim what was offered in fact to his father.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading POLITICAL MORALITY (1862) ON Moran's promotion to be Secretary, Mr. Seward inquired whether Minister Adams would like the place of Assistant Secretary for his son.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading It was the first--and last--office ever offered him, if indeed he could claim what was offered in fact to his father.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading It was the first--and last--office ever offered him, if indeed he could claim what was offered in fact to his father.

indeedadverbUS /ˌɪnˈdiːd/

in truth (often tends to intensify)

From this reading It was the first--and last--office ever offered him, if indeed he could claim what was offered in fact to his father.

independencenounUS /ˌɪndɪˈpendəns/

freedom from control or influence of another or others

From this reading More than half his duties were domestic; they sometimes required long absences; they always required independence of the Government service.

inquiredverbUS /ˌɪnˈkwaɪərd/

past form of “inquire” — address a question to and expect an answer from

From this reading POLITICAL MORALITY (1862) ON Moran's promotion to be Secretary, Mr. Seward inquired whether Minister Adams would like the place of Assistant Secretary for his son.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was the first--and last--office ever offered him, if indeed he could claim what was offered in fact to his father.

justadverbUS /dʒʌst/

and nothing more

From this reading Any young man could make some sort of Assistant Secretary; only one, just at that moment, could make an Assistant Son.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading It was the first--and last--office ever offered him, if indeed he could claim what was offered in fact to his father.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading POLITICAL MORALITY (1862) ON Moran's promotion to be Secretary, Mr. Seward inquired whether Minister Adams would like the place of Assistant Secretary for his son.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading More than half his duties were domestic; they sometimes required long absences; they always required independence of the Government service.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading Any young man could make some sort of Assistant Secretary; only one, just at that moment, could make an Assistant Son.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading Any young man could make some sort of Assistant Secretary; only one, just at that moment, could make an Assistant Son.

MinisternounUS /ˈmɪnəstər/

a person authorized to conduct religious worship

From this reading POLITICAL MORALITY (1862) ON Moran's promotion to be Secretary, Mr. Seward inquired whether Minister Adams would like the place of Assistant Secretary for his son.

momentnounUS /ˈmoʊmənt/

a particular point in time

From this reading Any young man could make some sort of Assistant Secretary; only one, just at that moment, could make an Assistant Son.

MORALITYnounUS /mərˈæləti/

concern with the distinction between good and evil or right and wrong; right or good conduct

From this reading POLITICAL MORALITY (1862) ON Moran's promotion to be Secretary, Mr. Seward inquired whether Minister Adams would like the place of Assistant Secretary for his son.

Moran's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading POLITICAL MORALITY (1862) ON Moran's promotion to be Secretary, Mr. Seward inquired whether Minister Adams would like the place of Assistant Secretary for his son.

MoreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading More than half his duties were domestic; they sometimes required long absences; they always required independence of the Government service.

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading POLITICAL MORALITY (1862) ON Moran's promotion to be Secretary, Mr. Seward inquired whether Minister Adams would like the place of Assistant Secretary for his son.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading POLITICAL MORALITY (1862) ON Moran's promotion to be Secretary, Mr. Seward inquired whether Minister Adams would like the place of Assistant Secretary for his son.

offeredverbUS /ˈɔːfərd/

past form of “offer” — make available or accessible, provide or furnish

From this reading It was the first--and last--office ever offered him, if indeed he could claim what was offered in fact to his father.

officenounUS /ˈɔːfɪs/

place of business where professional or clerical duties are performed

From this reading It was the first--and last--office ever offered him, if indeed he could claim what was offered in fact to his father.

ONprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading POLITICAL MORALITY (1862) ON Moran's promotion to be Secretary, Mr. Seward inquired whether Minister Adams would like the place of Assistant Secretary for his son.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Any young man could make some sort of Assistant Secretary; only one, just at that moment, could make an Assistant Son.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading Any young man could make some sort of Assistant Secretary; only one, just at that moment, could make an Assistant Son.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading POLITICAL MORALITY (1862) ON Moran's promotion to be Secretary, Mr. Seward inquired whether Minister Adams would like the place of Assistant Secretary for his son.

POLITICALadjectiveUS /pəˈlɪtəkəl/

involving or characteristic of politics or parties or politicians

From this reading POLITICAL MORALITY (1862) ON Moran's promotion to be Secretary, Mr. Seward inquired whether Minister Adams would like the place of Assistant Secretary for his son.

promotionnounUS /prəˈmoʊʃən/

a message issued in behalf of some product or cause or idea or person or institution

From this reading POLITICAL MORALITY (1862) ON Moran's promotion to be Secretary, Mr. Seward inquired whether Minister Adams would like the place of Assistant Secretary for his son.

requiredadjectiveUS /riˈkwaɪərd/

necessary for relief or supply

From this reading More than half his duties were domestic; they sometimes required long absences; they always required independence of the Government service.

SecretarynounUS /ˈsekrəteri/

a person who is head of an administrative department of government

From this reading POLITICAL MORALITY (1862) ON Moran's promotion to be Secretary, Mr. Seward inquired whether Minister Adams would like the place of Assistant Secretary for his son.

seemedverbUS /siːmd/

past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading To them both, the change seemed useless.

servicenounUS /ˈsɜːrvəs/

work done by one person or group that benefits another

From this reading More than half his duties were domestic; they sometimes required long absences; they always required independence of the Government service.

SewardnounUS /ˈsuːərd/

United States politician who as Secretary of State in 1867 arranged for the purchase of Alaska from Russia (known at the time as Seward's Folly) (1801-1872)

From this reading POLITICAL MORALITY (1862) ON Moran's promotion to be Secretary, Mr. Seward inquired whether Minister Adams would like the place of Assistant Secretary for his son.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Any young man could make some sort of Assistant Secretary; only one, just at that moment, could make an Assistant Son.

sometimesadverbUS /səmˈtaɪmz/

on certain occasions or in certain cases but not always

From this reading More than half his duties were domestic; they sometimes required long absences; they always required independence of the Government service.

sonnounUS /sʌn/

a male human offspring

From this reading POLITICAL MORALITY (1862) ON Moran's promotion to be Secretary, Mr. Seward inquired whether Minister Adams would like the place of Assistant Secretary for his son.

sortnounUS /sɔːrt/

a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality

From this reading Any young man could make some sort of Assistant Secretary; only one, just at that moment, could make an Assistant Son.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading More than half his duties were domestic; they sometimes required long absences; they always required independence of the Government service.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Any young man could make some sort of Assistant Secretary; only one, just at that moment, could make an Assistant Son.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading POLITICAL MORALITY (1862) ON Moran's promotion to be Secretary, Mr. Seward inquired whether Minister Adams would like the place of Assistant Secretary for his son.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading To them both, the change seemed useless.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading More than half his duties were domestic; they sometimes required long absences; they always required independence of the Government service.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading POLITICAL MORALITY (1862) ON Moran's promotion to be Secretary, Mr. Seward inquired whether Minister Adams would like the place of Assistant Secretary for his son.

uselessadjectiveUS /ˈjuːsləs/

having no beneficial use or incapable of functioning usefully

From this reading To them both, the change seemed useless.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was the first--and last--office ever offered him, if indeed he could claim what was offered in fact to his father.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading More than half his duties were domestic; they sometimes required long absences; they always required independence of the Government service.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading It was the first--and last--office ever offered him, if indeed he could claim what was offered in fact to his father.

whetherconjunctionUS /ˈweðər/

used to introduce two or more possibilities

From this reading POLITICAL MORALITY (1862) ON Moran's promotion to be Secretary, Mr. Seward inquired whether Minister Adams would like the place of Assistant Secretary for his son.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading POLITICAL MORALITY (1862) ON Moran's promotion to be Secretary, Mr. Seward inquired whether Minister Adams would like the place of Assistant Secretary for his son.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading Any young man could make some sort of Assistant Secretary; only one, just at that moment, could make an Assistant Son.

Chapter 10 of The Education of Henry Adams by Henry Adams holds 352 sentences, grouped into 71 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 10 of The Education of Henry Adams contain?

Chapter 10 holds 352 sentences of The Education of Henry Adams, unabridged, divided into 71 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 10 of The Education of Henry Adams by Henry Adams exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 352 sentences, grouped into 71 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

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Work through the 71 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 71 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 10 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Vocabulary met early in The Education of Henry Adams

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Education of Henry Adams, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Under
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Education of Henry Adams; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Shadow
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Boston
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State
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Education of Henry Adams; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.