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The Egregious English
The Egregious English

Chapter XI

Chapter 11 of The Egregious English is here in full — 91 sentences across 19 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/18 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
POETS It may be set down as an axiom that a nation which is in the proper enjoyment of all its faculties, which is healthy, wealthy, wise, and properly conditioned, must be producing a certain amount of poetry.
From the beginning this has been so; it will be so to the end.
When England was at her highest, when the best in her was having full play, she produced poets.
Right down into the Victorian Era she went on producing them.
Then she took to the Stock Exchange and an ostentatious way of life, and the supply of poets fell off.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Egregious English

Chapter XI

Chapter 11 of The Egregious English is here in full — 91 sentences across 19 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/18 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
POETS It may be set down as an axiom that a nation which is in the proper enjoyment of all its faculties, which is healthy, wealthy, wise, and properly conditioned, must be producing a certain amount of poetry.
/ˈpoʊəts ɪt meɪ biː set daʊn æz æn ˈæksiəm ðæt ə ˈneɪʃən wɪtʃ ɪz ɪn ðə ˈprɑːpər ˌenˈdʒɔɪmənt ʌv ɔːl ɪts ˈfækəltiz wɪtʃ ɪz ˈhelθi ˈwelθi waɪz ənd ˈprɑːpərli kənˈdɪʃənd mʌst biː prəˈduːsɪŋ ə ˈsɜːrtən əˈmaʊnt ʌv ˈpoʊətri/
Line 2
From the beginning this has been so; it will be so to the end.
/frʌm ðə bɪˈɡɪnɪŋ ðɪs hæz bɪn soʊ ɪt wɪl biː soʊ tuː ðə end/
Line 3
When England was at her highest, when the best in her was having full play, she produced poets.
/wen ˈɪŋɡlənd wɑːz æt hɜːr ˈhaɪəst wen ðə best ɪn hɜːr wɑːz ˈhævɪŋ fʊl pleɪ ʃiː prəˈduːst ˈpoʊəts/
Line 4
Right down into the Victorian Era she went on producing them.
/raɪt daʊn ˈɪntuː ðə vɪkˈtɔːriən ˈerə ʃiː went ɑːn prəˈduːsɪŋ ðem/
Line 5
Then she took to the Stock Exchange and an ostentatious way of life, and the supply of poets fell off.
/ðen ʃiː tʊk tuː ðə stɑːk ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒ ənd æn ˌɑːstənˈteɪʃəs weɪ ʌv laɪf ənd ðə səˈplaɪ ʌv ˈpoʊəts fel ɔːf/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

axiom noun US /ˈæksiəm/

a saying that is widely accepted on its own merits

From this reading “POETS It may be set down as an axiom that a nation which is in the proper enjoyment of all its faculties, which is healthy, wealthy, wise, and properly conditioned, must be producing a certain amount of poetry.”

conditioned adjective US /kənˈdɪʃənd/

established by conditioning or learning

From this reading “POETS It may be set down as an axiom that a nation which is in the proper enjoyment of all its faculties, which is healthy, wealthy, wise, and properly conditioned, must be producing a certain amount of poetry.”

Era noun US /ˈerə/

a period marked by distinctive character or reckoned from a fixed point or event

From this reading “Right down into the Victorian Era she went on producing them.”

faculties noun US /ˈfækəltiz/

plural of “faculty” — one of the inherent cognitive or perceptual powers of the mind

From this reading “POETS It may be set down as an axiom that a nation which is in the proper enjoyment of all its faculties, which is healthy, wealthy, wise, and properly conditioned, must be producing a certain amount of poetry.”

ostentatious adjective US /ˌɑːstənˈteɪʃəs/

intended to attract notice and impress others

From this reading “Then she took to the Stock Exchange and an ostentatious way of life, and the supply of poets fell off.”

producing verb US /prəˈduːsɪŋ/

-ing form of “produce” — bring forth or yield

From this reading “POETS It may be set down as an axiom that a nation which is in the proper enjoyment of all its faculties, which is healthy, wealthy, wise, and properly conditioned, must be producing a certain amount of poetry.”

Victorian adjective US /vɪkˈtɔːriən/

of or relating to Queen Victoria of Great Britain or to the age in which she ruled

From this reading “Right down into the Victorian Era she went on producing them.”

wealthy adjective US /ˈwelθi/

having an abundant supply of money or possessions of value

From this reading “POETS It may be set down as an axiom that a nation which is in the proper enjoyment of all its faculties, which is healthy, wealthy, wise, and properly conditioned, must be producing a certain amount of poetry.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

certain amount adjective + noun

In this reading “POETS It may be set down as an axiom that a nation which is in the proper enjoyment of all its faculties, which is healthy, wealthy, wise, and properly conditioned, must be producing a certain amount of poetry.”

set down verb + adjective

put down in writing; of texts, musical compositions, etc.

In this reading “POETS It may be set down as an axiom that a nation which is in the proper enjoyment of all its faculties, which is healthy, wealthy, wise, and properly conditioned, must be producing a certain amount of poetry.”

went on verb + particle counted as “go on”

continue a certain state, condition, or activity

In this reading “Right down into the Victorian Era she went on producing them.”

From the beginning preposition + article + noun counted as “from … beginning”

In this reading “From the beginning this has been so; it will be so to the end.”

fell off verb + particle

In this reading “Then she took to the Stock Exchange and an ostentatious way of life, and the supply of poets fell off.”

supply of verb + particle

In this reading “Then she took to the Stock Exchange and an ostentatious way of life, and the supply of poets fell off.”

All words in this reading · 71

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading POETS It may be set down as an axiom that a nation which is in the proper enjoyment of all its faculties, which is healthy, wealthy, wise, and properly conditioned, must be producing a certain amount of poetry.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading POETS It may be set down as an axiom that a nation which is in the proper enjoyment of all its faculties, which is healthy, wealthy, wise, and properly conditioned, must be producing a certain amount of poetry.

amountnounUS /əˈmaʊnt/

a quantity of money

From this reading POETS It may be set down as an axiom that a nation which is in the proper enjoyment of all its faculties, which is healthy, wealthy, wise, and properly conditioned, must be producing a certain amount of poetry.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading POETS It may be set down as an axiom that a nation which is in the proper enjoyment of all its faculties, which is healthy, wealthy, wise, and properly conditioned, must be producing a certain amount of poetry.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading POETS It may be set down as an axiom that a nation which is in the proper enjoyment of all its faculties, which is healthy, wealthy, wise, and properly conditioned, must be producing a certain amount of poetry.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading POETS It may be set down as an axiom that a nation which is in the proper enjoyment of all its faculties, which is healthy, wealthy, wise, and properly conditioned, must be producing a certain amount of poetry.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading When England was at her highest, when the best in her was having full play, she produced poets.

axiomnounUS /ˈæksiəm/

a saying that is widely accepted on its own merits

From this reading POETS It may be set down as an axiom that a nation which is in the proper enjoyment of all its faculties, which is healthy, wealthy, wise, and properly conditioned, must be producing a certain amount of poetry.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading POETS It may be set down as an axiom that a nation which is in the proper enjoyment of all its faculties, which is healthy, wealthy, wise, and properly conditioned, must be producing a certain amount of poetry.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading From the beginning this has been so; it will be so to the end.

beginningnounUS /bɪˈɡɪnɪŋ/

the event consisting of the start of something

From this reading From the beginning this has been so; it will be so to the end.

bestnounUS /best/

the supreme effort one can make

From this reading When England was at her highest, when the best in her was having full play, she produced poets.

certainadjectiveUS /ˈsɜːrtən/

definite but not specified or identified

From this reading POETS It may be set down as an axiom that a nation which is in the proper enjoyment of all its faculties, which is healthy, wealthy, wise, and properly conditioned, must be producing a certain amount of poetry.

conditionedadjectiveUS /kənˈdɪʃənd/

established by conditioning or learning

From this reading POETS It may be set down as an axiom that a nation which is in the proper enjoyment of all its faculties, which is healthy, wealthy, wise, and properly conditioned, must be producing a certain amount of poetry.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading POETS It may be set down as an axiom that a nation which is in the proper enjoyment of all its faculties, which is healthy, wealthy, wise, and properly conditioned, must be producing a certain amount of poetry.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading From the beginning this has been so; it will be so to the end.

EnglandnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlənd/

a division of the United Kingdom

From this reading When England was at her highest, when the best in her was having full play, she produced poets.

enjoymentnounUS /ˌenˈdʒɔɪmənt/

the pleasure felt when having a good time

From this reading POETS It may be set down as an axiom that a nation which is in the proper enjoyment of all its faculties, which is healthy, wealthy, wise, and properly conditioned, must be producing a certain amount of poetry.

EranounUS /ˈerə/

a period marked by distinctive character or reckoned from a fixed point or event

From this reading Right down into the Victorian Era she went on producing them.

ExchangenounUS /ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒ/

chemical process in which one atom or ion or group changes places with another

From this reading Then she took to the Stock Exchange and an ostentatious way of life, and the supply of poets fell off.

facultiesnounUS /ˈfækəltiz/

plural of “faculty” — one of the inherent cognitive or perceptual powers of the mind

From this reading POETS It may be set down as an axiom that a nation which is in the proper enjoyment of all its faculties, which is healthy, wealthy, wise, and properly conditioned, must be producing a certain amount of poetry.

fellverbUS /fel/

cause to fall by or as if by delivering a blow

From this reading Then she took to the Stock Exchange and an ostentatious way of life, and the supply of poets fell off.

FromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading From the beginning this has been so; it will be so to the end.

fulladjectiveUS /fʊl/

containing as much or as many as is possible or normal

From this reading When England was at her highest, when the best in her was having full play, she produced poets.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading From the beginning this has been so; it will be so to the end.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading When England was at her highest, when the best in her was having full play, she produced poets.

healthyadjectiveUS /ˈhelθi/

having or indicating good health in body or mind; free from infirmity or disease

From this reading POETS It may be set down as an axiom that a nation which is in the proper enjoyment of all its faculties, which is healthy, wealthy, wise, and properly conditioned, must be producing a certain amount of poetry.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading When England was at her highest, when the best in her was having full play, she produced poets.

highestadjectiveUS /ˈhaɪəst/

superlative of “high” — greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading When England was at her highest, when the best in her was having full play, she produced poets.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading POETS It may be set down as an axiom that a nation which is in the proper enjoyment of all its faculties, which is healthy, wealthy, wise, and properly conditioned, must be producing a certain amount of poetry.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Right down into the Victorian Era she went on producing them.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading POETS It may be set down as an axiom that a nation which is in the proper enjoyment of all its faculties, which is healthy, wealthy, wise, and properly conditioned, must be producing a certain amount of poetry.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading POETS It may be set down as an axiom that a nation which is in the proper enjoyment of all its faculties, which is healthy, wealthy, wise, and properly conditioned, must be producing a certain amount of poetry.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading POETS It may be set down as an axiom that a nation which is in the proper enjoyment of all its faculties, which is healthy, wealthy, wise, and properly conditioned, must be producing a certain amount of poetry.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading Then she took to the Stock Exchange and an ostentatious way of life, and the supply of poets fell off.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading POETS It may be set down as an axiom that a nation which is in the proper enjoyment of all its faculties, which is healthy, wealthy, wise, and properly conditioned, must be producing a certain amount of poetry.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading POETS It may be set down as an axiom that a nation which is in the proper enjoyment of all its faculties, which is healthy, wealthy, wise, and properly conditioned, must be producing a certain amount of poetry.

nationnounUS /ˈneɪʃən/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading POETS It may be set down as an axiom that a nation which is in the proper enjoyment of all its faculties, which is healthy, wealthy, wise, and properly conditioned, must be producing a certain amount of poetry.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading POETS It may be set down as an axiom that a nation which is in the proper enjoyment of all its faculties, which is healthy, wealthy, wise, and properly conditioned, must be producing a certain amount of poetry.

offadverbUS /ɔːf/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading Then she took to the Stock Exchange and an ostentatious way of life, and the supply of poets fell off.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Right down into the Victorian Era she went on producing them.

ostentatiousadjectiveUS /ˌɑːstənˈteɪʃəs/

intended to attract notice and impress others

From this reading Then she took to the Stock Exchange and an ostentatious way of life, and the supply of poets fell off.

playverbUS /pleɪ/

participate in games or sport

From this reading When England was at her highest, when the best in her was having full play, she produced poets.

poetrynounUS /ˈpoʊətri/

literature in metrical form

From this reading POETS It may be set down as an axiom that a nation which is in the proper enjoyment of all its faculties, which is healthy, wealthy, wise, and properly conditioned, must be producing a certain amount of poetry.

POETSnounUS /ˈpoʊəts/

plural of “poet” — a writer of poems (the term is usually reserved for writers of good poetry)

From this reading POETS It may be set down as an axiom that a nation which is in the proper enjoyment of all its faculties, which is healthy, wealthy, wise, and properly conditioned, must be producing a certain amount of poetry.

producedverbUS /prəˈduːst/

past form of “produce” — bring forth or yield

From this reading When England was at her highest, when the best in her was having full play, she produced poets.

producingverbUS /prəˈduːsɪŋ/

-ing form of “produce” — bring forth or yield

From this reading POETS It may be set down as an axiom that a nation which is in the proper enjoyment of all its faculties, which is healthy, wealthy, wise, and properly conditioned, must be producing a certain amount of poetry.

properadjectiveUS /ˈprɑːpər/

marked by suitability or rightness or appropriateness

From this reading POETS It may be set down as an axiom that a nation which is in the proper enjoyment of all its faculties, which is healthy, wealthy, wise, and properly conditioned, must be producing a certain amount of poetry.

properlyadverbUS /ˈprɑːpərli/

in the right manner; correctly; suitably

From this reading POETS It may be set down as an axiom that a nation which is in the proper enjoyment of all its faculties, which is healthy, wealthy, wise, and properly conditioned, must be producing a certain amount of poetry.

RightadverbUS /raɪt/

precisely, exactly

From this reading Right down into the Victorian Era she went on producing them.

setverbUS /set/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading POETS It may be set down as an axiom that a nation which is in the proper enjoyment of all its faculties, which is healthy, wealthy, wise, and properly conditioned, must be producing a certain amount of poetry.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading When England was at her highest, when the best in her was having full play, she produced poets.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading From the beginning this has been so; it will be so to the end.

StocknounUS /stɑːk/

the capital raised by a corporation through the issue of shares entitling holders to an ownership interest

From this reading Then she took to the Stock Exchange and an ostentatious way of life, and the supply of poets fell off.

supplyverbUS /səˈplaɪ/

give something useful or necessary to

From this reading Then she took to the Stock Exchange and an ostentatious way of life, and the supply of poets fell off.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading POETS It may be set down as an axiom that a nation which is in the proper enjoyment of all its faculties, which is healthy, wealthy, wise, and properly conditioned, must be producing a certain amount of poetry.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading POETS It may be set down as an axiom that a nation which is in the proper enjoyment of all its faculties, which is healthy, wealthy, wise, and properly conditioned, must be producing a certain amount of poetry.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Right down into the Victorian Era she went on producing them.

ThenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading Then she took to the Stock Exchange and an ostentatious way of life, and the supply of poets fell off.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading From the beginning this has been so; it will be so to the end.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading From the beginning this has been so; it will be so to the end.

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading Then she took to the Stock Exchange and an ostentatious way of life, and the supply of poets fell off.

VictorianadjectiveUS /vɪkˈtɔːriən/

of or relating to Queen Victoria of Great Britain or to the age in which she ruled

From this reading Right down into the Victorian Era she went on producing them.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading When England was at her highest, when the best in her was having full play, she produced poets.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading Then she took to the Stock Exchange and an ostentatious way of life, and the supply of poets fell off.

wealthyadjectiveUS /ˈwelθi/

having an abundant supply of money or possessions of value

From this reading POETS It may be set down as an axiom that a nation which is in the proper enjoyment of all its faculties, which is healthy, wealthy, wise, and properly conditioned, must be producing a certain amount of poetry.

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading Right down into the Victorian Era she went on producing them.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading When England was at her highest, when the best in her was having full play, she produced poets.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading POETS It may be set down as an axiom that a nation which is in the proper enjoyment of all its faculties, which is healthy, wealthy, wise, and properly conditioned, must be producing a certain amount of poetry.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading From the beginning this has been so; it will be so to the end.

wiseadjectiveUS /waɪz/

having or prompted by wisdom or discernment

From this reading POETS It may be set down as an axiom that a nation which is in the proper enjoyment of all its faculties, which is healthy, wealthy, wise, and properly conditioned, must be producing a certain amount of poetry.

Chapter 11 of The Egregious English by T. W. H. (Thomas William Hodgson) Crosland holds 91 sentences, grouped into 19 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 11 of The Egregious English contain?

Chapter 11 holds 91 sentences of The Egregious English, unabridged, divided into 19 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 11 of The Egregious English by T. W. H. (Thomas William Hodgson) Crosland exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 91 sentences, grouped into 19 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 11 of The Egregious English?

Work through the 19 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 19 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 11 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 11 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Egregious English

Common questions about reading The Egregious English by T. W. H. (Thomas William Hodgson) Crosland on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Egregious English?

Yes. All 1462 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #56453 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Egregious English is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #56453, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Egregious English take to read?

About 121 minutes of reading across 293 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Egregious English

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Egregious English, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Https
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Egregious English; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Order
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Egregious English; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Creation
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Egregious English; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Began
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Egregious English; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.