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The Elect Lady
The Elect Lady

Chapter VI · Chapter 6

Chapter 6 of The Elect Lady is here in full — 50 sentences across 10 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/10 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
ABOUT THE LAIRD.
Thomas Fordyce was a sucker from the root of a very old family tree, born in poverty, and, with great pinching of father and mother, brothers and sisters, educated for the Church.
But from pleasure in scholarship, from archaeological tastes, a passion for the arcana of history, and a love of literature, strong, although not of the highest kind, he had settled down as a school-master, and in his calling had excelled.
By all who knew him he was regarded as an accomplished, amiable, and worthy man.
When his years were verging on the undefined close of middle age he saw the lives between him and the family property, one by one wither at the touch of death, until at last there was no one but himself and his daughter to succeed.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Elect Lady

Chapter VI · Chapter 6

Chapter 6 of The Elect Lady is here in full — 50 sentences across 10 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/10 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
ABOUT THE LAIRD.
/əˈbaʊt ðə lerd/
Line 2
Thomas Fordyce was a sucker from the root of a very old family tree, born in poverty, and, with great pinching of father and mother, brothers and sisters, educated for the Church.
Line 3
But from pleasure in scholarship, from archaeological tastes, a passion for the arcana of history, and a love of literature, strong, although not of the highest kind, he had settled down as a school-master, and in his calling had excelled.
Line 4
By all who knew him he was regarded as an accomplished, amiable, and worthy man.
/baɪ ɔːl huː nuː hɪm hiː wɑːz rɪˈɡɑːrdɪd æz æn əˈkɑːmplɪʃt ˈeɪmiəbəl ənd ˈwɜːr.ði mæn/
Line 5
When his years were verging on the undefined close of middle age he saw the lives between him and the family property, one by one wither at the touch of death, until at last there was no one but himself and his daughter to succeed.
/wen hɪz jɪrz wɜːr ˈvɜːrdʒɪŋ ɑːn ðə ˌʌndɪˈfaɪnd kloʊs ʌv ˈmɪdəl eɪdʒ hiː sɔː ðə lɪvz bɪˈtwiːn hɪm ənd ðə ˈfæməli ˈprɑːpərti wʌn baɪ wʌn ˈwɪðər æt ðə tʌtʃ ʌv deθ ənˈtɪl æt læst ðer wɑːz noʊ wʌn bʌt hɪmˈself ənd hɪz ˈdɔːtər tuː səkˈsiːd/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

arcana noun US /ɑːrˈkænə/

plural of “arcanum” — information known only to a special group

From this reading “But from pleasure in scholarship, from archaeological tastes, a passion for the arcana of history, and a love of literature, strong, although not of the highest kind, he had settled down as a school-master, and in his calling had excelled.”

archaeological adjective US /ˌɑːrkiəˈlɑːdʒɪkəl/

related to or dealing with or devoted to archaeology

From this reading “But from pleasure in scholarship, from archaeological tastes, a passion for the arcana of history, and a love of literature, strong, although not of the highest kind, he had settled down as a school-master, and in his calling had excelled.”

excelled verb US /ɪkˈseld/

inflected form of “excel” — distinguish oneself

From this reading “But from pleasure in scholarship, from archaeological tastes, a passion for the arcana of history, and a love of literature, strong, although not of the highest kind, he had settled down as a school-master, and in his calling had excelled.”

pinching verb US /ˈpɪntʃɪŋ/

-ing form of “pinch” — squeeze tightly between the fingers

From this reading “Thomas Fordyce was a sucker from the root of a very old family tree, born in poverty, and, with great pinching of father and mother, brothers and sisters, educated for the Church.”

scholarship noun US /ˈskɑːlərʃɪp/

financial aid provided to a student on the basis of academic merit

From this reading “But from pleasure in scholarship, from archaeological tastes, a passion for the arcana of history, and a love of literature, strong, although not of the highest kind, he had settled down as a school-master, and in his calling had excelled.”

sucker noun US /ˈsʌkər/

a person who is gullible and easy to take advantage of

From this reading “Thomas Fordyce was a sucker from the root of a very old family tree, born in poverty, and, with great pinching of father and mother, brothers and sisters, educated for the Church.”

undefined adjective US /ˌʌndɪˈfaɪnd/

not precisely limited, determined, or distinguished

From this reading “When his years were verging on the undefined close of middle age he saw the lives between him and the family property, one by one wither at the touch of death, until at last there was no one but himself and his daughter to succeed.”

verging verb US /ˈvɜːrdʒɪŋ/

-ing form of “verge” — border on; come close to

From this reading “When his years were verging on the undefined close of middle age he saw the lives between him and the family property, one by one wither at the touch of death, until at last there was no one but himself and his daughter to succeed.”

All words in this reading · 90

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Thomas Fordyce was a sucker from the root of a very old family tree, born in poverty, and, with great pinching of father and mother, brothers and sisters, educated for the Church.

ABOUTprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading ABOUT THE LAIRD.

accomplishedadjectiveUS /əˈkɑːmplɪʃt/

highly skilled

From this reading By all who knew him he was regarded as an accomplished, amiable, and worthy man.

agenounUS /eɪdʒ/

how long something has existed

From this reading When his years were verging on the undefined close of middle age he saw the lives between him and the family property, one by one wither at the touch of death, until at last there was no one but himself and his daughter to succeed.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading By all who knew him he was regarded as an accomplished, amiable, and worthy man.

althoughconjunctionUS /ˌɔːlˈðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading But from pleasure in scholarship, from archaeological tastes, a passion for the arcana of history, and a love of literature, strong, although not of the highest kind, he had settled down as a school-master, and in his calling had excelled.

amiableadjectiveUS /ˈeɪmiəbəl/

disposed to please

From this reading By all who knew him he was regarded as an accomplished, amiable, and worthy man.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading By all who knew him he was regarded as an accomplished, amiable, and worthy man.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Thomas Fordyce was a sucker from the root of a very old family tree, born in poverty, and, with great pinching of father and mother, brothers and sisters, educated for the Church.

arcananounUS /ɑːrˈkænə/

plural of “arcanum” — information known only to a special group

From this reading But from pleasure in scholarship, from archaeological tastes, a passion for the arcana of history, and a love of literature, strong, although not of the highest kind, he had settled down as a school-master, and in his calling had excelled.

archaeologicaladjectiveUS /ˌɑːrkiəˈlɑːdʒɪkəl/

related to or dealing with or devoted to archaeology

From this reading But from pleasure in scholarship, from archaeological tastes, a passion for the arcana of history, and a love of literature, strong, although not of the highest kind, he had settled down as a school-master, and in his calling had excelled.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading But from pleasure in scholarship, from archaeological tastes, a passion for the arcana of history, and a love of literature, strong, although not of the highest kind, he had settled down as a school-master, and in his calling had excelled.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading When his years were verging on the undefined close of middle age he saw the lives between him and the family property, one by one wither at the touch of death, until at last there was no one but himself and his daughter to succeed.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading When his years were verging on the undefined close of middle age he saw the lives between him and the family property, one by one wither at the touch of death, until at last there was no one but himself and his daughter to succeed.

bornadjectiveUS /bɔːrn/

brought into existence

From this reading Thomas Fordyce was a sucker from the root of a very old family tree, born in poverty, and, with great pinching of father and mother, brothers and sisters, educated for the Church.

brothersnounUS /ˈbrʌðərz/

plural of “brother” — a male with the same parents as someone else

From this reading Thomas Fordyce was a sucker from the root of a very old family tree, born in poverty, and, with great pinching of father and mother, brothers and sisters, educated for the Church.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But from pleasure in scholarship, from archaeological tastes, a passion for the arcana of history, and a love of literature, strong, although not of the highest kind, he had settled down as a school-master, and in his calling had excelled.

ByprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading By all who knew him he was regarded as an accomplished, amiable, and worthy man.

callingnounUS /ˈkɔːlɪŋ/

the particular occupation for which you are trained

From this reading But from pleasure in scholarship, from archaeological tastes, a passion for the arcana of history, and a love of literature, strong, although not of the highest kind, he had settled down as a school-master, and in his calling had excelled.

ChurchnounUS /tʃɜːrtʃ/

one of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs and forms of worship

From this reading Thomas Fordyce was a sucker from the root of a very old family tree, born in poverty, and, with great pinching of father and mother, brothers and sisters, educated for the Church.

closeadjectiveUS /kloʊs/

at or within a short distance in space or time or having elements near each other

From this reading When his years were verging on the undefined close of middle age he saw the lives between him and the family property, one by one wither at the touch of death, until at last there was no one but himself and his daughter to succeed.

daughternounUS /ˈdɔːtər/

a female human offspring

From this reading When his years were verging on the undefined close of middle age he saw the lives between him and the family property, one by one wither at the touch of death, until at last there was no one but himself and his daughter to succeed.

deathnounUS /deθ/

the event of dying or departure from life

From this reading When his years were verging on the undefined close of middle age he saw the lives between him and the family property, one by one wither at the touch of death, until at last there was no one but himself and his daughter to succeed.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading But from pleasure in scholarship, from archaeological tastes, a passion for the arcana of history, and a love of literature, strong, although not of the highest kind, he had settled down as a school-master, and in his calling had excelled.

educatedadjectiveUS /ˈedʒəkeɪtɪd/

possessing an education (especially having more than average knowledge)

From this reading Thomas Fordyce was a sucker from the root of a very old family tree, born in poverty, and, with great pinching of father and mother, brothers and sisters, educated for the Church.

excelledverbUS /ɪkˈseld/

inflected form of “excel” — distinguish oneself

From this reading But from pleasure in scholarship, from archaeological tastes, a passion for the arcana of history, and a love of literature, strong, although not of the highest kind, he had settled down as a school-master, and in his calling had excelled.

familynounUS /ˈfæməli/

a social unit living together

From this reading Thomas Fordyce was a sucker from the root of a very old family tree, born in poverty, and, with great pinching of father and mother, brothers and sisters, educated for the Church.

fathernounUS /ˈfɑːðər/

a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading Thomas Fordyce was a sucker from the root of a very old family tree, born in poverty, and, with great pinching of father and mother, brothers and sisters, educated for the Church.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Thomas Fordyce was a sucker from the root of a very old family tree, born in poverty, and, with great pinching of father and mother, brothers and sisters, educated for the Church.

Fordyce

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Thomas Fordyce was a sucker from the root of a very old family tree, born in poverty, and, with great pinching of father and mother, brothers and sisters, educated for the Church.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Thomas Fordyce was a sucker from the root of a very old family tree, born in poverty, and, with great pinching of father and mother, brothers and sisters, educated for the Church.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading Thomas Fordyce was a sucker from the root of a very old family tree, born in poverty, and, with great pinching of father and mother, brothers and sisters, educated for the Church.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading But from pleasure in scholarship, from archaeological tastes, a passion for the arcana of history, and a love of literature, strong, although not of the highest kind, he had settled down as a school-master, and in his calling had excelled.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading But from pleasure in scholarship, from archaeological tastes, a passion for the arcana of history, and a love of literature, strong, although not of the highest kind, he had settled down as a school-master, and in his calling had excelled.

highestadjectiveUS /ˈhaɪəst/

superlative of “high” — greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading But from pleasure in scholarship, from archaeological tastes, a passion for the arcana of history, and a love of literature, strong, although not of the highest kind, he had settled down as a school-master, and in his calling had excelled.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading By all who knew him he was regarded as an accomplished, amiable, and worthy man.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading When his years were verging on the undefined close of middle age he saw the lives between him and the family property, one by one wither at the touch of death, until at last there was no one but himself and his daughter to succeed.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading But from pleasure in scholarship, from archaeological tastes, a passion for the arcana of history, and a love of literature, strong, although not of the highest kind, he had settled down as a school-master, and in his calling had excelled.

historynounUS /ˈhɪstəri/

the aggregate of past events

From this reading But from pleasure in scholarship, from archaeological tastes, a passion for the arcana of history, and a love of literature, strong, although not of the highest kind, he had settled down as a school-master, and in his calling had excelled.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Thomas Fordyce was a sucker from the root of a very old family tree, born in poverty, and, with great pinching of father and mother, brothers and sisters, educated for the Church.

kindadjectiveUS /kaɪnd/

having or showing a tender and considerate and helpful nature; used especially of persons and their behavior

From this reading But from pleasure in scholarship, from archaeological tastes, a passion for the arcana of history, and a love of literature, strong, although not of the highest kind, he had settled down as a school-master, and in his calling had excelled.

knewverbUS /nuː/

inflected form of “know” — be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading By all who knew him he was regarded as an accomplished, amiable, and worthy man.

LAIRDnounUS /lerd/

a landowner

From this reading ABOUT THE LAIRD.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading When his years were verging on the undefined close of middle age he saw the lives between him and the family property, one by one wither at the touch of death, until at last there was no one but himself and his daughter to succeed.

literaturenounUS /ˈlɪtərətʃər/

creative writing of recognized artistic value

From this reading But from pleasure in scholarship, from archaeological tastes, a passion for the arcana of history, and a love of literature, strong, although not of the highest kind, he had settled down as a school-master, and in his calling had excelled.

livesnounUS /lɪvz/

plural of “life” — a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading When his years were verging on the undefined close of middle age he saw the lives between him and the family property, one by one wither at the touch of death, until at last there was no one but himself and his daughter to succeed.

lovenounUS /lʌv/

a strong positive emotion of regard and affection

From this reading But from pleasure in scholarship, from archaeological tastes, a passion for the arcana of history, and a love of literature, strong, although not of the highest kind, he had settled down as a school-master, and in his calling had excelled.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading By all who knew him he was regarded as an accomplished, amiable, and worthy man.

middlenounUS /ˈmɪdəl/

an area that is approximately central within some larger region

From this reading When his years were verging on the undefined close of middle age he saw the lives between him and the family property, one by one wither at the touch of death, until at last there was no one but himself and his daughter to succeed.

mothernounUS /ˈmʌðər/

a woman who has given birth to a child (also used as a term of address to your mother)

From this reading Thomas Fordyce was a sucker from the root of a very old family tree, born in poverty, and, with great pinching of father and mother, brothers and sisters, educated for the Church.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading When his years were verging on the undefined close of middle age he saw the lives between him and the family property, one by one wither at the touch of death, until at last there was no one but himself and his daughter to succeed.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading But from pleasure in scholarship, from archaeological tastes, a passion for the arcana of history, and a love of literature, strong, although not of the highest kind, he had settled down as a school-master, and in his calling had excelled.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Thomas Fordyce was a sucker from the root of a very old family tree, born in poverty, and, with great pinching of father and mother, brothers and sisters, educated for the Church.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading Thomas Fordyce was a sucker from the root of a very old family tree, born in poverty, and, with great pinching of father and mother, brothers and sisters, educated for the Church.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading When his years were verging on the undefined close of middle age he saw the lives between him and the family property, one by one wither at the touch of death, until at last there was no one but himself and his daughter to succeed.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading When his years were verging on the undefined close of middle age he saw the lives between him and the family property, one by one wither at the touch of death, until at last there was no one but himself and his daughter to succeed.

passionnounUS /ˈpæʃən/

a strong feeling or emotion

From this reading But from pleasure in scholarship, from archaeological tastes, a passion for the arcana of history, and a love of literature, strong, although not of the highest kind, he had settled down as a school-master, and in his calling had excelled.

pinchingverbUS /ˈpɪntʃɪŋ/

-ing form of “pinch” — squeeze tightly between the fingers

From this reading Thomas Fordyce was a sucker from the root of a very old family tree, born in poverty, and, with great pinching of father and mother, brothers and sisters, educated for the Church.

pleasurenounUS /ˈpleʒər/

a fundamental feeling that is hard to define but that people desire to experience

From this reading But from pleasure in scholarship, from archaeological tastes, a passion for the arcana of history, and a love of literature, strong, although not of the highest kind, he had settled down as a school-master, and in his calling had excelled.

povertynounUS /ˈpɑːvərti/

the state of having little or no money and few or no material possessions

From this reading Thomas Fordyce was a sucker from the root of a very old family tree, born in poverty, and, with great pinching of father and mother, brothers and sisters, educated for the Church.

propertynounUS /ˈprɑːpərti/

something owned; any tangible or intangible possession that is owned by someone

From this reading When his years were verging on the undefined close of middle age he saw the lives between him and the family property, one by one wither at the touch of death, until at last there was no one but himself and his daughter to succeed.

regardedverbUS /rɪˈɡɑːrdɪd/

past form of “regard” — deem to be

From this reading By all who knew him he was regarded as an accomplished, amiable, and worthy man.

rootnounUS /ruːt/

(botany) the usually underground organ that lacks buds or leaves or nodes; absorbs water and mineral salts; usually it anchors the plant to the ground

From this reading Thomas Fordyce was a sucker from the root of a very old family tree, born in poverty, and, with great pinching of father and mother, brothers and sisters, educated for the Church.

sawverbUS /sɔː/

cut with a saw

From this reading When his years were verging on the undefined close of middle age he saw the lives between him and the family property, one by one wither at the touch of death, until at last there was no one but himself and his daughter to succeed.

scholarshipnounUS /ˈskɑːlərʃɪp/

financial aid provided to a student on the basis of academic merit

From this reading But from pleasure in scholarship, from archaeological tastes, a passion for the arcana of history, and a love of literature, strong, although not of the highest kind, he had settled down as a school-master, and in his calling had excelled.

school-master

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But from pleasure in scholarship, from archaeological tastes, a passion for the arcana of history, and a love of literature, strong, although not of the highest kind, he had settled down as a school-master, and in his calling had excelled.

settledadjectiveUS /ˈsetəld/

established or decided beyond dispute or doubt

From this reading But from pleasure in scholarship, from archaeological tastes, a passion for the arcana of history, and a love of literature, strong, although not of the highest kind, he had settled down as a school-master, and in his calling had excelled.

sistersnounUS /ˈsɪstərz/

plural of “sister” — a female person who has the same parents as another person

From this reading Thomas Fordyce was a sucker from the root of a very old family tree, born in poverty, and, with great pinching of father and mother, brothers and sisters, educated for the Church.

strongadjectiveUS /strɔːŋ/

having strength or power greater than average or expected

From this reading But from pleasure in scholarship, from archaeological tastes, a passion for the arcana of history, and a love of literature, strong, although not of the highest kind, he had settled down as a school-master, and in his calling had excelled.

succeedverbUS /səkˈsiːd/

attain success or reach a desired goal

From this reading When his years were verging on the undefined close of middle age he saw the lives between him and the family property, one by one wither at the touch of death, until at last there was no one but himself and his daughter to succeed.

suckernounUS /ˈsʌkər/

a person who is gullible and easy to take advantage of

From this reading Thomas Fordyce was a sucker from the root of a very old family tree, born in poverty, and, with great pinching of father and mother, brothers and sisters, educated for the Church.

tastesnounUS /teɪsts/

plural of “taste” — the sensation that results when taste buds in the tongue and throat convey information about the chemical composition of a soluble stimulus

From this reading But from pleasure in scholarship, from archaeological tastes, a passion for the arcana of history, and a love of literature, strong, although not of the highest kind, he had settled down as a school-master, and in his calling had excelled.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading ABOUT THE LAIRD.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading When his years were verging on the undefined close of middle age he saw the lives between him and the family property, one by one wither at the touch of death, until at last there was no one but himself and his daughter to succeed.

ThomasnounUS /ˈtɑːməs/

United States clockmaker who introduced mass production (1785-1859)

From this reading Thomas Fordyce was a sucker from the root of a very old family tree, born in poverty, and, with great pinching of father and mother, brothers and sisters, educated for the Church.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading When his years were verging on the undefined close of middle age he saw the lives between him and the family property, one by one wither at the touch of death, until at last there was no one but himself and his daughter to succeed.

touchverbUS /tʌtʃ/

make physical contact with, come in contact with

From this reading When his years were verging on the undefined close of middle age he saw the lives between him and the family property, one by one wither at the touch of death, until at last there was no one but himself and his daughter to succeed.

treenounUS /triː/

a tall perennial woody plant having a main trunk and branches forming a distinct elevated crown; includes both gymnosperms and angiosperms

From this reading Thomas Fordyce was a sucker from the root of a very old family tree, born in poverty, and, with great pinching of father and mother, brothers and sisters, educated for the Church.

undefinedadjectiveUS /ˌʌndɪˈfaɪnd/

not precisely limited, determined, or distinguished

From this reading When his years were verging on the undefined close of middle age he saw the lives between him and the family property, one by one wither at the touch of death, until at last there was no one but himself and his daughter to succeed.

untilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading When his years were verging on the undefined close of middle age he saw the lives between him and the family property, one by one wither at the touch of death, until at last there was no one but himself and his daughter to succeed.

vergingverbUS /ˈvɜːrdʒɪŋ/

-ing form of “verge” — border on; come close to

From this reading When his years were verging on the undefined close of middle age he saw the lives between him and the family property, one by one wither at the touch of death, until at last there was no one but himself and his daughter to succeed.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading Thomas Fordyce was a sucker from the root of a very old family tree, born in poverty, and, with great pinching of father and mother, brothers and sisters, educated for the Church.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Thomas Fordyce was a sucker from the root of a very old family tree, born in poverty, and, with great pinching of father and mother, brothers and sisters, educated for the Church.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading When his years were verging on the undefined close of middle age he saw the lives between him and the family property, one by one wither at the touch of death, until at last there was no one but himself and his daughter to succeed.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading When his years were verging on the undefined close of middle age he saw the lives between him and the family property, one by one wither at the touch of death, until at last there was no one but himself and his daughter to succeed.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading By all who knew him he was regarded as an accomplished, amiable, and worthy man.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Thomas Fordyce was a sucker from the root of a very old family tree, born in poverty, and, with great pinching of father and mother, brothers and sisters, educated for the Church.

witherverbUS /ˈwɪðər/

wither, as with a loss of moisture

From this reading When his years were verging on the undefined close of middle age he saw the lives between him and the family property, one by one wither at the touch of death, until at last there was no one but himself and his daughter to succeed.

worthyadjectiveUS /ˈwɜːr.ði/

Having or showing the qualities or abilities that merit recognition in character or magic.

From this reading By all who knew him he was regarded as an accomplished, amiable, and worthy man.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading When his years were verging on the undefined close of middle age he saw the lives between him and the family property, one by one wither at the touch of death, until at last there was no one but himself and his daughter to succeed.

Chapter 6 of The Elect Lady by George MacDonald holds 50 sentences, grouped into 10 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 6 of The Elect Lady contain?

Chapter 6 holds 50 sentences of The Elect Lady, unabridged, divided into 10 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 6 of The Elect Lady by George MacDonald exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 50 sentences, grouped into 10 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 6 of The Elect Lady?

Work through the 10 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 10 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 6 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 6 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Elect Lady

Common questions about reading The Elect Lady by George MacDonald on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Elect Lady?

Yes. All 3543 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #8944 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Elect Lady is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #8944, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Elect Lady take to read?

About 295 minutes of reading across 709 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Elect Lady section by section

How to work through The Elect Lady section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 37 chapters of The Elect Lady to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Elect Lady

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Elect Lady, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Landlord's
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Elect Lady; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Daughter
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Elect Lady; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Tenant's
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Elect Lady; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Kitchen
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Elect Lady; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.