Chapter 8 of The Eleven Comedies, Volume 1 is here in full — 399 sentences across 80 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.
A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.
Chapter VIII
Chapter 8 of The Eleven Comedies, Volume 1 is here in full — 399 sentences across 80 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.
HUSBANDMAN. The Boeotians seized them at Phylé.[257] DICAEOPOLIS. Ah! poor wretch! and yet you have not left off white? HUSBANDMAN. Their dung made my wealth.
Chapter 8 of The Eleven Comedies, Volume 1 is here in full — 399 sentences across 80 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.
Reading 1/79 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5
These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.
Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.
fecal matter of animals
From this reading “Their dung made my wealth.”
location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east
From this reading “Ah! poor wretch! and yet you have not left off white?”
from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)
From this reading “Ah! poor wretch! and yet you have not left off white?”
deserving or inciting pity
From this reading “Ah! poor wretch! and yet you have not left off white?”
past form of “seize” — take hold of; grab
From this reading “The Boeotians seized them at Phylé.[257] DICAEOPOLIS.”
the state of being rich and affluent; having a plentiful supply of material goods and money
From this reading “Their dung made my wealth.”
a Caucasian
From this reading “Ah! poor wretch! and yet you have not left off white?”
performs some wicked deed
From this reading “Ah! poor wretch! and yet you have not left off white?”
Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.
Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading The Boeotians seized them at Phylé.[257] DICAEOPOLIS.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading Ah! poor wretch! and yet you have not left off white?
used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together
From this reading Ah! poor wretch! and yet you have not left off white?
in or near a particular place or position
From this reading The Boeotians seized them at Phylé.[257] DICAEOPOLIS.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading The Boeotians seized them at Phylé.[257] DICAEOPOLIS.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading The Boeotians seized them at Phylé.[257] DICAEOPOLIS.
fecal matter of animals
From this reading Their dung made my wealth.
used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses
From this reading Ah! poor wretch! and yet you have not left off white?
a person who operates a farm
From this reading HUSBANDMAN.
location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east
From this reading Ah! poor wretch! and yet you have not left off white?
produced by a manufacturing process
From this reading Their dung made my wealth.
belonging to the person speaking
From this reading Their dung made my wealth.
used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative
From this reading Ah! poor wretch! and yet you have not left off white?
from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)
From this reading Ah! poor wretch! and yet you have not left off white?
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading The Boeotians seized them at Phylé.[257] DICAEOPOLIS.
deserving or inciting pity
From this reading Ah! poor wretch! and yet you have not left off white?
past form of “seize” — take hold of; grab
From this reading The Boeotians seized them at Phylé.[257] DICAEOPOLIS.
used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind
From this reading The Boeotians seized them at Phylé.[257] DICAEOPOLIS.
belonging to the people or things already mentioned
From this reading Their dung made my wealth.
the people or things already mentioned, as the object
From this reading The Boeotians seized them at Phylé.[257] DICAEOPOLIS.
the state of being rich and affluent; having a plentiful supply of material goods and money
From this reading Their dung made my wealth.
a Caucasian
From this reading Ah! poor wretch! and yet you have not left off white?
performs some wicked deed
From this reading Ah! poor wretch! and yet you have not left off white?
but in spite of that
From this reading Ah! poor wretch! and yet you have not left off white?
the person or people being spoken to
From this reading Ah! poor wretch! and yet you have not left off white?
Chapter 8 of The Eleven Comedies, Volume 1 by 447? BCE-386? BCE Aristophanes holds 399 sentences, grouped into 80 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.
Chapter 8 holds 399 sentences of The Eleven Comedies, Volume 1, unabridged, divided into 80 reading sections.
This page carries chapter 8 of The Eleven Comedies, Volume 1 by 447? BCE-386? BCE Aristophanes exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 399 sentences, grouped into 80 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.
Work through the 80 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.
Each of the 80 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.
Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.
Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.
Common questions about reading The Eleven Comedies, Volume 1 by 447? BCE-386? BCE Aristophanes on this page, its source edition and its audio.
Yes. All 8449 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #8688 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.
Project Gutenberg eBook #8688, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.
About 600 minutes of reading across 1690 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.
How to work through The Eleven Comedies, Volume 1 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.
Choose one of the 21 chapters of The Eleven Comedies, Volume 1 to begin.
Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.
Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.
Words and structures a reader meets early in The Eleven Comedies, Volume 1, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.
