Learn English through classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
The Emancipated
The Emancipated

Chapter X · Chapter 10

Chapter 10 of The Emancipated is here in full — 384 sentences across 77 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Emancipated
Context Illustration Reading 1/76 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE APPEAL TO AUTHORITY "Hic intus homo verus certus optumus recumbo, Publius Octavius Rufus, decuno."
Mallard stood reading this inscription, graven on an ancient sarcophagus preserved in the cathedral of Amalfi.
A fool, probably, that excellent Rufus--he said to himself,--but what a happy fool!
Unborn as yet, or to him unknown, the faith that would have bidden him write himself a miserable sinner; what he deemed himself in life, what perchance his friends and neighbours deemed him, why not declare it upon the marble when he rested from all his virtues?
"Here lie I, Ross Mallard; who can say no good of myself, yet have as little right to say ill; who had no faith whereby to direct my steps, yet often felt that some such was needful; who spent all my strength on a task which I knew to be vain; who suffered much and joyed rarely; whose happiest day was his last."
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Emancipated

Chapter X · Chapter 10

Chapter 10 of The Emancipated is here in full — 384 sentences across 77 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/76 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE APPEAL TO AUTHORITY "Hic intus homo verus certus optumus recumbo, Publius Octavius Rufus, decuno."
Line 2
Mallard stood reading this inscription, graven on an ancient sarcophagus preserved in the cathedral of Amalfi.
Line 3
A fool, probably, that excellent Rufus--he said to himself,--but what a happy fool!
Line 4
Unborn as yet, or to him unknown, the faith that would have bidden him write himself a miserable sinner; what he deemed himself in life, what perchance his friends and neighbours deemed him, why not declare it upon the marble when he rested from all his virtues?
/ˈʌnˈbɔːrn æz jet ɔːr tuː hɪm ənˈnoʊn ðə feɪθ ðæt wʊd hæv ˈbɪdɪn hɪm raɪt hɪmˈself ə ˈmɪzərəbəl ˈsɪnər wʌt hiː diːmd hɪmˈself ɪn laɪf wʌt pərˈtʃæns hɪz frendz ənd ˈneɪbərz diːmd hɪm waɪ nɑːt dɪˈkler ɪt əˈpɑːn ðə ˈmɑːrbəl wen hiː ˈrestəd frʌm ɔːl hɪz ˈvɜːrtʃuːz/
Line 5
"Here lie I, Ross Mallard; who can say no good of myself, yet have as little right to say ill; who had no faith whereby to direct my steps, yet often felt that some such was needful; who spent all my strength on a task which I knew to be vain; who suffered much and joyed rarely; whose happiest day was his last."

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bidden verb US /ˈbɪdɪn/

inflected form of “bid” — propose a payment

From this reading “Unborn as yet, or to him unknown, the faith that would have bidden him write himself a miserable sinner; what he deemed himself in life, what perchance his friends and neighbours deemed him, why not declare it upon the marble when he rested from all his virtues?”

graven adjective US /ˈɡreɪvən/

cut into a desired shape

From this reading “Mallard stood reading this inscription, graven on an ancient sarcophagus preserved in the cathedral of Amalfi.”

homo noun US /ˈhoʊmoʊ/

someone who is sexually attracted to persons of the same sex

From this reading “THE APPEAL TO AUTHORITY "Hic intus homo verus certus optumus recumbo, Publius Octavius Rufus, decuno."”

Mallard noun US /ˈmælərd/

wild dabbling duck from which domestic ducks are descended; widely distributed

From this reading “Mallard stood reading this inscription, graven on an ancient sarcophagus preserved in the cathedral of Amalfi.”

Ross noun US /rɑːs/

Scottish explorer who led Arctic expeditions that yielded geographic discoveries while searching for the Northwest Passage (1777-1856)

From this reading “"Here lie I, Ross Mallard; who can say no good of myself, yet have as little right to say ill; who had no faith whereby to direct my steps, yet often felt that some such was needful; who spent all my strength on a task which I knew to be vain; who suffered much and joyed rarely; whose happiest day was his last."”

sarcophagus noun US /sɑːrˈkɑːfəɡəs/

a stone coffin (usually bearing sculpture or inscriptions)

From this reading “Mallard stood reading this inscription, graven on an ancient sarcophagus preserved in the cathedral of Amalfi.”

sinner noun US /ˈsɪnər/

a person who sins (without repenting)

From this reading “Unborn as yet, or to him unknown, the faith that would have bidden him write himself a miserable sinner; what he deemed himself in life, what perchance his friends and neighbours deemed him, why not declare it upon the marble when he rested from all his virtues?”

Unborn adjective US /ˈʌnˈbɔːrn/

not yet brought into existence

From this reading “Unborn as yet, or to him unknown, the faith that would have bidden him write himself a miserable sinner; what he deemed himself in life, what perchance his friends and neighbours deemed him, why not declare it upon the marble when he rested from all his virtues?”

All words in this reading · 111

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A fool, probably, that excellent Rufus--he said to himself,--but what a happy fool!

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Unborn as yet, or to him unknown, the faith that would have bidden him write himself a miserable sinner; what he deemed himself in life, what perchance his friends and neighbours deemed him, why not declare it upon the marble when he rested from all his virtues?

Amalfi

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mallard stood reading this inscription, graven on an ancient sarcophagus preserved in the cathedral of Amalfi.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Mallard stood reading this inscription, graven on an ancient sarcophagus preserved in the cathedral of Amalfi.

ancientadjectiveUS /ˈeɪn.ʃənt/

Belonging to the very distant past and no longer in existence or deeply revered.

From this reading Mallard stood reading this inscription, graven on an ancient sarcophagus preserved in the cathedral of Amalfi.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Unborn as yet, or to him unknown, the faith that would have bidden him write himself a miserable sinner; what he deemed himself in life, what perchance his friends and neighbours deemed him, why not declare it upon the marble when he rested from all his virtues?

APPEALverbUS /əˈpiːl/

take a court case to a higher court for review

From this reading THE APPEAL TO AUTHORITY "Hic intus homo verus certus optumus recumbo, Publius Octavius Rufus, decuno."

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Unborn as yet, or to him unknown, the faith that would have bidden him write himself a miserable sinner; what he deemed himself in life, what perchance his friends and neighbours deemed him, why not declare it upon the marble when he rested from all his virtues?

AUTHORITYnounUS /əˈθɔːrəti/

the power or right to give orders or make decisions

From this reading THE APPEAL TO AUTHORITY "Hic intus homo verus certus optumus recumbo, Publius Octavius Rufus, decuno."

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading "Here lie I, Ross Mallard; who can say no good of myself, yet have as little right to say ill; who had no faith whereby to direct my steps, yet often felt that some such was needful; who spent all my strength on a task which I knew to be vain; who suffered much and joyed rarely; whose happiest day was his last."

biddenverbUS /ˈbɪdɪn/

inflected form of “bid” — propose a payment

From this reading Unborn as yet, or to him unknown, the faith that would have bidden him write himself a miserable sinner; what he deemed himself in life, what perchance his friends and neighbours deemed him, why not declare it upon the marble when he rested from all his virtues?

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading A fool, probably, that excellent Rufus--he said to himself,--but what a happy fool!

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading "Here lie I, Ross Mallard; who can say no good of myself, yet have as little right to say ill; who had no faith whereby to direct my steps, yet often felt that some such was needful; who spent all my strength on a task which I knew to be vain; who suffered much and joyed rarely; whose happiest day was his last."

cathedralnounUS /kəˈθiːdrəl/

any large and important church

From this reading Mallard stood reading this inscription, graven on an ancient sarcophagus preserved in the cathedral of Amalfi.

certus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE APPEAL TO AUTHORITY "Hic intus homo verus certus optumus recumbo, Publius Octavius Rufus, decuno."

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading "Here lie I, Ross Mallard; who can say no good of myself, yet have as little right to say ill; who had no faith whereby to direct my steps, yet often felt that some such was needful; who spent all my strength on a task which I knew to be vain; who suffered much and joyed rarely; whose happiest day was his last."

declareverbUS /dɪˈkler/

state emphatically and authoritatively

From this reading Unborn as yet, or to him unknown, the faith that would have bidden him write himself a miserable sinner; what he deemed himself in life, what perchance his friends and neighbours deemed him, why not declare it upon the marble when he rested from all his virtues?

decuno

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE APPEAL TO AUTHORITY "Hic intus homo verus certus optumus recumbo, Publius Octavius Rufus, decuno."

deemedverbUS /diːmd/

past form of “deem” — keep in mind or convey as a conviction or view

From this reading Unborn as yet, or to him unknown, the faith that would have bidden him write himself a miserable sinner; what he deemed himself in life, what perchance his friends and neighbours deemed him, why not declare it upon the marble when he rested from all his virtues?

directverbUS /dərˈekt/

command with authority

From this reading "Here lie I, Ross Mallard; who can say no good of myself, yet have as little right to say ill; who had no faith whereby to direct my steps, yet often felt that some such was needful; who spent all my strength on a task which I knew to be vain; who suffered much and joyed rarely; whose happiest day was his last."

excellentadjectiveUS /ˈeksələnt/

very good; of the highest quality

From this reading A fool, probably, that excellent Rufus--he said to himself,--but what a happy fool!

faithnounUS /feɪθ/

a strong belief in a supernatural power or powers that control human destiny

From this reading Unborn as yet, or to him unknown, the faith that would have bidden him write himself a miserable sinner; what he deemed himself in life, what perchance his friends and neighbours deemed him, why not declare it upon the marble when he rested from all his virtues?

feltverbUS /felt/

mat together and make felt-like

From this reading "Here lie I, Ross Mallard; who can say no good of myself, yet have as little right to say ill; who had no faith whereby to direct my steps, yet often felt that some such was needful; who spent all my strength on a task which I knew to be vain; who suffered much and joyed rarely; whose happiest day was his last."

foolnounUS /fuːl/

a person who lacks good judgment

From this reading A fool, probably, that excellent Rufus--he said to himself,--but what a happy fool!

friendsnounUS /frendz/

plural of “friend” — a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading Unborn as yet, or to him unknown, the faith that would have bidden him write himself a miserable sinner; what he deemed himself in life, what perchance his friends and neighbours deemed him, why not declare it upon the marble when he rested from all his virtues?

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Unborn as yet, or to him unknown, the faith that would have bidden him write himself a miserable sinner; what he deemed himself in life, what perchance his friends and neighbours deemed him, why not declare it upon the marble when he rested from all his virtues?

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading "Here lie I, Ross Mallard; who can say no good of myself, yet have as little right to say ill; who had no faith whereby to direct my steps, yet often felt that some such was needful; who spent all my strength on a task which I knew to be vain; who suffered much and joyed rarely; whose happiest day was his last."

gravenadjectiveUS /ˈɡreɪvən/

cut into a desired shape

From this reading Mallard stood reading this inscription, graven on an ancient sarcophagus preserved in the cathedral of Amalfi.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading "Here lie I, Ross Mallard; who can say no good of myself, yet have as little right to say ill; who had no faith whereby to direct my steps, yet often felt that some such was needful; who spent all my strength on a task which I knew to be vain; who suffered much and joyed rarely; whose happiest day was his last."

happiestadjectiveUS /ˈhæpiəst/

superlative of “happy” — enjoying or showing or marked by joy or pleasure

From this reading "Here lie I, Ross Mallard; who can say no good of myself, yet have as little right to say ill; who had no faith whereby to direct my steps, yet often felt that some such was needful; who spent all my strength on a task which I knew to be vain; who suffered much and joyed rarely; whose happiest day was his last."

happyadjectiveUS /ˈhæpi/

enjoying or showing or marked by joy or pleasure

From this reading A fool, probably, that excellent Rufus--he said to himself,--but what a happy fool!

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Unborn as yet, or to him unknown, the faith that would have bidden him write himself a miserable sinner; what he deemed himself in life, what perchance his friends and neighbours deemed him, why not declare it upon the marble when he rested from all his virtues?

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading A fool, probably, that excellent Rufus--he said to himself,--but what a happy fool!

HereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading "Here lie I, Ross Mallard; who can say no good of myself, yet have as little right to say ill; who had no faith whereby to direct my steps, yet often felt that some such was needful; who spent all my strength on a task which I knew to be vain; who suffered much and joyed rarely; whose happiest day was his last."

Hic

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE APPEAL TO AUTHORITY "Hic intus homo verus certus optumus recumbo, Publius Octavius Rufus, decuno."

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Unborn as yet, or to him unknown, the faith that would have bidden him write himself a miserable sinner; what he deemed himself in life, what perchance his friends and neighbours deemed him, why not declare it upon the marble when he rested from all his virtues?

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading A fool, probably, that excellent Rufus--he said to himself,--but what a happy fool!

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Unborn as yet, or to him unknown, the faith that would have bidden him write himself a miserable sinner; what he deemed himself in life, what perchance his friends and neighbours deemed him, why not declare it upon the marble when he rested from all his virtues?

homonounUS /ˈhoʊmoʊ/

someone who is sexually attracted to persons of the same sex

From this reading THE APPEAL TO AUTHORITY "Hic intus homo verus certus optumus recumbo, Publius Octavius Rufus, decuno."

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading "Here lie I, Ross Mallard; who can say no good of myself, yet have as little right to say ill; who had no faith whereby to direct my steps, yet often felt that some such was needful; who spent all my strength on a task which I knew to be vain; who suffered much and joyed rarely; whose happiest day was his last."

illadjectiveUS /ɪl/

affected by an impairment of normal physical or mental function

From this reading "Here lie I, Ross Mallard; who can say no good of myself, yet have as little right to say ill; who had no faith whereby to direct my steps, yet often felt that some such was needful; who spent all my strength on a task which I knew to be vain; who suffered much and joyed rarely; whose happiest day was his last."

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Mallard stood reading this inscription, graven on an ancient sarcophagus preserved in the cathedral of Amalfi.

inscriptionnounUS /ˌɪnˈskrɪpʃən/

letters inscribed (especially words engraved or carved) on something

From this reading Mallard stood reading this inscription, graven on an ancient sarcophagus preserved in the cathedral of Amalfi.

intus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE APPEAL TO AUTHORITY "Hic intus homo verus certus optumus recumbo, Publius Octavius Rufus, decuno."

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Unborn as yet, or to him unknown, the faith that would have bidden him write himself a miserable sinner; what he deemed himself in life, what perchance his friends and neighbours deemed him, why not declare it upon the marble when he rested from all his virtues?

joyed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Here lie I, Ross Mallard; who can say no good of myself, yet have as little right to say ill; who had no faith whereby to direct my steps, yet often felt that some such was needful; who spent all my strength on a task which I knew to be vain; who suffered much and joyed rarely; whose happiest day was his last."

knewverbUS /nuː/

inflected form of “know” — be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading "Here lie I, Ross Mallard; who can say no good of myself, yet have as little right to say ill; who had no faith whereby to direct my steps, yet often felt that some such was needful; who spent all my strength on a task which I knew to be vain; who suffered much and joyed rarely; whose happiest day was his last."

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading "Here lie I, Ross Mallard; who can say no good of myself, yet have as little right to say ill; who had no faith whereby to direct my steps, yet often felt that some such was needful; who spent all my strength on a task which I knew to be vain; who suffered much and joyed rarely; whose happiest day was his last."

lieverbUS /laɪ/

be located or situated somewhere; occupy a certain position

From this reading "Here lie I, Ross Mallard; who can say no good of myself, yet have as little right to say ill; who had no faith whereby to direct my steps, yet often felt that some such was needful; who spent all my strength on a task which I knew to be vain; who suffered much and joyed rarely; whose happiest day was his last."

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading Unborn as yet, or to him unknown, the faith that would have bidden him write himself a miserable sinner; what he deemed himself in life, what perchance his friends and neighbours deemed him, why not declare it upon the marble when he rested from all his virtues?

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading "Here lie I, Ross Mallard; who can say no good of myself, yet have as little right to say ill; who had no faith whereby to direct my steps, yet often felt that some such was needful; who spent all my strength on a task which I knew to be vain; who suffered much and joyed rarely; whose happiest day was his last."

MallardnounUS /ˈmælərd/

wild dabbling duck from which domestic ducks are descended; widely distributed

From this reading Mallard stood reading this inscription, graven on an ancient sarcophagus preserved in the cathedral of Amalfi.

marblenounUS /ˈmɑːrbəl/

a hard crystalline metamorphic rock that takes a high polish; used for sculpture and as building material

From this reading Unborn as yet, or to him unknown, the faith that would have bidden him write himself a miserable sinner; what he deemed himself in life, what perchance his friends and neighbours deemed him, why not declare it upon the marble when he rested from all his virtues?

miserableadjectiveUS /ˈmɪzərəbəl/

very unhappy; full of misery

From this reading Unborn as yet, or to him unknown, the faith that would have bidden him write himself a miserable sinner; what he deemed himself in life, what perchance his friends and neighbours deemed him, why not declare it upon the marble when he rested from all his virtues?

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading "Here lie I, Ross Mallard; who can say no good of myself, yet have as little right to say ill; who had no faith whereby to direct my steps, yet often felt that some such was needful; who spent all my strength on a task which I knew to be vain; who suffered much and joyed rarely; whose happiest day was his last."

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading "Here lie I, Ross Mallard; who can say no good of myself, yet have as little right to say ill; who had no faith whereby to direct my steps, yet often felt that some such was needful; who spent all my strength on a task which I knew to be vain; who suffered much and joyed rarely; whose happiest day was his last."

myselfpronounUS /ˌmaɪˈself/

used when the speaker is also the object of the action

From this reading "Here lie I, Ross Mallard; who can say no good of myself, yet have as little right to say ill; who had no faith whereby to direct my steps, yet often felt that some such was needful; who spent all my strength on a task which I knew to be vain; who suffered much and joyed rarely; whose happiest day was his last."

needfuladjectiveUS /ˈniːdfəl/

necessary for relief or supply

From this reading "Here lie I, Ross Mallard; who can say no good of myself, yet have as little right to say ill; who had no faith whereby to direct my steps, yet often felt that some such was needful; who spent all my strength on a task which I knew to be vain; who suffered much and joyed rarely; whose happiest day was his last."

neighboursnounUS /ˈneɪbərz/

plural of “neighbour” — a person who lives (or is located) near another

From this reading Unborn as yet, or to him unknown, the faith that would have bidden him write himself a miserable sinner; what he deemed himself in life, what perchance his friends and neighbours deemed him, why not declare it upon the marble when he rested from all his virtues?

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading "Here lie I, Ross Mallard; who can say no good of myself, yet have as little right to say ill; who had no faith whereby to direct my steps, yet often felt that some such was needful; who spent all my strength on a task which I knew to be vain; who suffered much and joyed rarely; whose happiest day was his last."

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Unborn as yet, or to him unknown, the faith that would have bidden him write himself a miserable sinner; what he deemed himself in life, what perchance his friends and neighbours deemed him, why not declare it upon the marble when he rested from all his virtues?

Octavius

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE APPEAL TO AUTHORITY "Hic intus homo verus certus optumus recumbo, Publius Octavius Rufus, decuno."

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Mallard stood reading this inscription, graven on an ancient sarcophagus preserved in the cathedral of Amalfi.

oftenadverbUS /ˈɔːfən/

many times at short intervals

From this reading "Here lie I, Ross Mallard; who can say no good of myself, yet have as little right to say ill; who had no faith whereby to direct my steps, yet often felt that some such was needful; who spent all my strength on a task which I knew to be vain; who suffered much and joyed rarely; whose happiest day was his last."

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Mallard stood reading this inscription, graven on an ancient sarcophagus preserved in the cathedral of Amalfi.

optumus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE APPEAL TO AUTHORITY "Hic intus homo verus certus optumus recumbo, Publius Octavius Rufus, decuno."

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Unborn as yet, or to him unknown, the faith that would have bidden him write himself a miserable sinner; what he deemed himself in life, what perchance his friends and neighbours deemed him, why not declare it upon the marble when he rested from all his virtues?

perchanceadverbUS /pərˈtʃæns/

through chance

From this reading Unborn as yet, or to him unknown, the faith that would have bidden him write himself a miserable sinner; what he deemed himself in life, what perchance his friends and neighbours deemed him, why not declare it upon the marble when he rested from all his virtues?

preservedadjectiveUS /prəˈzɜːrvd/

prevented from decaying or spoiling and prepared for future use

From this reading Mallard stood reading this inscription, graven on an ancient sarcophagus preserved in the cathedral of Amalfi.

probablyadverbUS /ˈprɑːbəbliː/

with considerable certainty; without much doubt

From this reading A fool, probably, that excellent Rufus--he said to himself,--but what a happy fool!

Publius

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE APPEAL TO AUTHORITY "Hic intus homo verus certus optumus recumbo, Publius Octavius Rufus, decuno."

rarelyadverbUS /ˈrerli/

not often

From this reading "Here lie I, Ross Mallard; who can say no good of myself, yet have as little right to say ill; who had no faith whereby to direct my steps, yet often felt that some such was needful; who spent all my strength on a task which I knew to be vain; who suffered much and joyed rarely; whose happiest day was his last."

readingnounUS /ˈriːdɪŋ/

the cognitive process of understanding a written linguistic message

From this reading Mallard stood reading this inscription, graven on an ancient sarcophagus preserved in the cathedral of Amalfi.

recumbo

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE APPEAL TO AUTHORITY "Hic intus homo verus certus optumus recumbo, Publius Octavius Rufus, decuno."

restedadjectiveUS /ˈrestəd/

not tired; refreshed as by sleeping or relaxing

From this reading Unborn as yet, or to him unknown, the faith that would have bidden him write himself a miserable sinner; what he deemed himself in life, what perchance his friends and neighbours deemed him, why not declare it upon the marble when he rested from all his virtues?

rightadverbUS /raɪt/

precisely, exactly

From this reading "Here lie I, Ross Mallard; who can say no good of myself, yet have as little right to say ill; who had no faith whereby to direct my steps, yet often felt that some such was needful; who spent all my strength on a task which I knew to be vain; who suffered much and joyed rarely; whose happiest day was his last."

RossnounUS /rɑːs/

Scottish explorer who led Arctic expeditions that yielded geographic discoveries while searching for the Northwest Passage (1777-1856)

From this reading "Here lie I, Ross Mallard; who can say no good of myself, yet have as little right to say ill; who had no faith whereby to direct my steps, yet often felt that some such was needful; who spent all my strength on a task which I knew to be vain; who suffered much and joyed rarely; whose happiest day was his last."

Rufus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE APPEAL TO AUTHORITY "Hic intus homo verus certus optumus recumbo, Publius Octavius Rufus, decuno."

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading A fool, probably, that excellent Rufus--he said to himself,--but what a happy fool!

sarcophagusnounUS /sɑːrˈkɑːfəɡəs/

a stone coffin (usually bearing sculpture or inscriptions)

From this reading Mallard stood reading this inscription, graven on an ancient sarcophagus preserved in the cathedral of Amalfi.

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading "Here lie I, Ross Mallard; who can say no good of myself, yet have as little right to say ill; who had no faith whereby to direct my steps, yet often felt that some such was needful; who spent all my strength on a task which I knew to be vain; who suffered much and joyed rarely; whose happiest day was his last."

sinnernounUS /ˈsɪnər/

a person who sins (without repenting)

From this reading Unborn as yet, or to him unknown, the faith that would have bidden him write himself a miserable sinner; what he deemed himself in life, what perchance his friends and neighbours deemed him, why not declare it upon the marble when he rested from all his virtues?

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading "Here lie I, Ross Mallard; who can say no good of myself, yet have as little right to say ill; who had no faith whereby to direct my steps, yet often felt that some such was needful; who spent all my strength on a task which I knew to be vain; who suffered much and joyed rarely; whose happiest day was his last."

spentadjectiveUS /spent/

depleted of energy, force, or strength

From this reading "Here lie I, Ross Mallard; who can say no good of myself, yet have as little right to say ill; who had no faith whereby to direct my steps, yet often felt that some such was needful; who spent all my strength on a task which I knew to be vain; who suffered much and joyed rarely; whose happiest day was his last."

stepsnounUS /steps/

a flight of stairs or a flight of steps

From this reading "Here lie I, Ross Mallard; who can say no good of myself, yet have as little right to say ill; who had no faith whereby to direct my steps, yet often felt that some such was needful; who spent all my strength on a task which I knew to be vain; who suffered much and joyed rarely; whose happiest day was his last."

stoodverbUS /stʊd/

Maintained an upright posture.

From this reading Mallard stood reading this inscription, graven on an ancient sarcophagus preserved in the cathedral of Amalfi.

strengthnounUS /streŋkθ/

the property of being physically or mentally strong

From this reading "Here lie I, Ross Mallard; who can say no good of myself, yet have as little right to say ill; who had no faith whereby to direct my steps, yet often felt that some such was needful; who spent all my strength on a task which I knew to be vain; who suffered much and joyed rarely; whose happiest day was his last."

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading "Here lie I, Ross Mallard; who can say no good of myself, yet have as little right to say ill; who had no faith whereby to direct my steps, yet often felt that some such was needful; who spent all my strength on a task which I knew to be vain; who suffered much and joyed rarely; whose happiest day was his last."

sufferedverbUS /ˈsʌfərd/

past form of “suffer” — undergo or be subjected to

From this reading "Here lie I, Ross Mallard; who can say no good of myself, yet have as little right to say ill; who had no faith whereby to direct my steps, yet often felt that some such was needful; who spent all my strength on a task which I knew to be vain; who suffered much and joyed rarely; whose happiest day was his last."

tasknounUS /tæsk/

any piece of work that is undertaken or attempted

From this reading "Here lie I, Ross Mallard; who can say no good of myself, yet have as little right to say ill; who had no faith whereby to direct my steps, yet often felt that some such was needful; who spent all my strength on a task which I knew to be vain; who suffered much and joyed rarely; whose happiest day was his last."

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading A fool, probably, that excellent Rufus--he said to himself,--but what a happy fool!

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE APPEAL TO AUTHORITY "Hic intus homo verus certus optumus recumbo, Publius Octavius Rufus, decuno."

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Mallard stood reading this inscription, graven on an ancient sarcophagus preserved in the cathedral of Amalfi.

TOparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading THE APPEAL TO AUTHORITY "Hic intus homo verus certus optumus recumbo, Publius Octavius Rufus, decuno."

UnbornadjectiveUS /ˈʌnˈbɔːrn/

not yet brought into existence

From this reading Unborn as yet, or to him unknown, the faith that would have bidden him write himself a miserable sinner; what he deemed himself in life, what perchance his friends and neighbours deemed him, why not declare it upon the marble when he rested from all his virtues?

unknownadjectiveUS /ənˈnoʊn/

not known

From this reading Unborn as yet, or to him unknown, the faith that would have bidden him write himself a miserable sinner; what he deemed himself in life, what perchance his friends and neighbours deemed him, why not declare it upon the marble when he rested from all his virtues?

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading Unborn as yet, or to him unknown, the faith that would have bidden him write himself a miserable sinner; what he deemed himself in life, what perchance his friends and neighbours deemed him, why not declare it upon the marble when he rested from all his virtues?

vainadjectiveUS /veɪn/

characteristic of false pride; having an exaggerated sense of self-importance

From this reading "Here lie I, Ross Mallard; who can say no good of myself, yet have as little right to say ill; who had no faith whereby to direct my steps, yet often felt that some such was needful; who spent all my strength on a task which I knew to be vain; who suffered much and joyed rarely; whose happiest day was his last."

verus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE APPEAL TO AUTHORITY "Hic intus homo verus certus optumus recumbo, Publius Octavius Rufus, decuno."

virtuesnounUS /ˈvɜːrtʃuːz/

plural of “virtue” — the quality of doing what is right and avoiding what is wrong

From this reading Unborn as yet, or to him unknown, the faith that would have bidden him write himself a miserable sinner; what he deemed himself in life, what perchance his friends and neighbours deemed him, why not declare it upon the marble when he rested from all his virtues?

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading "Here lie I, Ross Mallard; who can say no good of myself, yet have as little right to say ill; who had no faith whereby to direct my steps, yet often felt that some such was needful; who spent all my strength on a task which I knew to be vain; who suffered much and joyed rarely; whose happiest day was his last."

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading A fool, probably, that excellent Rufus--he said to himself,--but what a happy fool!

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Unborn as yet, or to him unknown, the faith that would have bidden him write himself a miserable sinner; what he deemed himself in life, what perchance his friends and neighbours deemed him, why not declare it upon the marble when he rested from all his virtues?

whereby

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Here lie I, Ross Mallard; who can say no good of myself, yet have as little right to say ill; who had no faith whereby to direct my steps, yet often felt that some such was needful; who spent all my strength on a task which I knew to be vain; who suffered much and joyed rarely; whose happiest day was his last."

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading "Here lie I, Ross Mallard; who can say no good of myself, yet have as little right to say ill; who had no faith whereby to direct my steps, yet often felt that some such was needful; who spent all my strength on a task which I knew to be vain; who suffered much and joyed rarely; whose happiest day was his last."

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading "Here lie I, Ross Mallard; who can say no good of myself, yet have as little right to say ill; who had no faith whereby to direct my steps, yet often felt that some such was needful; who spent all my strength on a task which I knew to be vain; who suffered much and joyed rarely; whose happiest day was his last."

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading "Here lie I, Ross Mallard; who can say no good of myself, yet have as little right to say ill; who had no faith whereby to direct my steps, yet often felt that some such was needful; who spent all my strength on a task which I knew to be vain; who suffered much and joyed rarely; whose happiest day was his last."

whynounUS /waɪ/

the cause or intention underlying an action or situation, especially in the phrase “the whys and wherefores”

From this reading Unborn as yet, or to him unknown, the faith that would have bidden him write himself a miserable sinner; what he deemed himself in life, what perchance his friends and neighbours deemed him, why not declare it upon the marble when he rested from all his virtues?

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading Unborn as yet, or to him unknown, the faith that would have bidden him write himself a miserable sinner; what he deemed himself in life, what perchance his friends and neighbours deemed him, why not declare it upon the marble when he rested from all his virtues?

writeverbUS /raɪt/

produce a literary work

From this reading Unborn as yet, or to him unknown, the faith that would have bidden him write himself a miserable sinner; what he deemed himself in life, what perchance his friends and neighbours deemed him, why not declare it upon the marble when he rested from all his virtues?

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading Unborn as yet, or to him unknown, the faith that would have bidden him write himself a miserable sinner; what he deemed himself in life, what perchance his friends and neighbours deemed him, why not declare it upon the marble when he rested from all his virtues?

Chapter 10 of The Emancipated by George Gissing holds 384 sentences, grouped into 77 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 10 of The Emancipated contain?

Chapter 10 holds 384 sentences of The Emancipated, unabridged, divided into 77 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 10 of The Emancipated by George Gissing exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 384 sentences, grouped into 77 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 10 of The Emancipated?

Work through the 77 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 77 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 10 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 10 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Emancipated

Common questions about reading The Emancipated by George Gissing on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Emancipated?

Yes. All 9696 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #4311 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Emancipated is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #4311, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Emancipated take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1940 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Emancipated section by section

How to work through The Emancipated section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 32 chapters of The Emancipated to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Emancipated

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Emancipated, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Villa
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Emancipated; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Sannazaro
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Emancipated; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Architectural
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Emancipated; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Beauty
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Emancipated; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.