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The Empty Sack
The Empty Sack

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of The Empty Sack is here in full — 111 sentences across 23 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Empty Sack
Context Illustration Reading 1/22 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
"Mr. Collingham will see you in his office before you go."
Having thus become the Voice of Fate, Miss Ruddick, shirt-waisted and daintily shod, slipped away between the pens where clerks were preening themselves before leaving their desks for the day.
The old man to whom she had spoken raised his head in the mild surprise of an ox disturbed while grazing.
He, too, was leaving his desk for the day, arranging his work with the tidy care of one for whom pens, ink, and ledgers were the vital things of life.
Finishing his task, his hands trembled.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Empty Sack

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of The Empty Sack is here in full — 111 sentences across 23 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/22 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
"Mr. Collingham will see you in his office before you go."
Line 2
Having thus become the Voice of Fate, Miss Ruddick, shirt-waisted and daintily shod, slipped away between the pens where clerks were preening themselves before leaving their desks for the day.
Line 3
The old man to whom she had spoken raised his head in the mild surprise of an ox disturbed while grazing.
/ðə oʊld mæn tuː huːm ʃiː hæd ˈspoʊkən reɪzd hɪz hed ɪn ðə maɪld sərˈpraɪz ʌv æn ɑːks dɪˈstɜːrbd waɪl ˈɡreɪzɪŋ/
Line 4
He, too, was leaving his desk for the day, arranging his work with the tidy care of one for whom pens, ink, and ledgers were the vital things of life.
/hiː tuː wɑːz ˈliːvɪŋ hɪz desk fɔːr ðə deɪ ərˈeɪndʒɪŋ hɪz wɜːrk wɪð ðə ˈtaɪdi ker ʌv wʌn fɔːr huːm penz ɪŋk ənd ˈledʒərz wɜːr ðə ˈvaɪtəl θɪŋz ʌv laɪf/
Line 5
Finishing his task, his hands trembled.
/ˈfɪnɪʃɪŋ hɪz tæsk hɪz hændz ˈtrembəld/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

daintily adverb US /ˈdeɪntəliː/

in a dainty and fastidious manner

From this reading “Having thus become the Voice of Fate, Miss Ruddick, shirt-waisted and daintily shod, slipped away between the pens where clerks were preening themselves before leaving their desks for the day.”

desks noun US /desks/

plural of “desk” — a piece of furniture with a writing surface and usually drawers or other compartments

From this reading “Having thus become the Voice of Fate, Miss Ruddick, shirt-waisted and daintily shod, slipped away between the pens where clerks were preening themselves before leaving their desks for the day.”

grazing noun US /ˈɡreɪzɪŋ/

the act of grazing

From this reading “The old man to whom she had spoken raised his head in the mild surprise of an ox disturbed while grazing.”

ledgers noun US /ˈledʒərz/

plural of “ledger” — a record in which commercial accounts are recorded

From this reading “He, too, was leaving his desk for the day, arranging his work with the tidy care of one for whom pens, ink, and ledgers were the vital things of life.”

pens noun US /penz/

plural of “pen” — a writing implement with a point from which ink flows

From this reading “Having thus become the Voice of Fate, Miss Ruddick, shirt-waisted and daintily shod, slipped away between the pens where clerks were preening themselves before leaving their desks for the day.”

preening verb US /ˈpriːnɪŋ/

-ing form of “preen” — clean with one's bill

From this reading “Having thus become the Voice of Fate, Miss Ruddick, shirt-waisted and daintily shod, slipped away between the pens where clerks were preening themselves before leaving their desks for the day.”

shod adjective US /ʃɑːd/

wearing footgear

From this reading “Having thus become the Voice of Fate, Miss Ruddick, shirt-waisted and daintily shod, slipped away between the pens where clerks were preening themselves before leaving their desks for the day.”

tidy adjective US /ˈtaɪdi/

marked by order and cleanliness in appearance or habits

From this reading “He, too, was leaving his desk for the day, arranging his work with the tidy care of one for whom pens, ink, and ledgers were the vital things of life.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

mild surprise adjective + noun

In this reading “The old man to whom she had spoken raised his head in the mild surprise of an ox disturbed while grazing.”

slipped away verb + particle counted as “slip away”

leave furtively and stealthily

In this reading “Having thus become the Voice of Fate, Miss Ruddick, shirt-waisted and daintily shod, slipped away between the pens where clerks were preening themselves before leaving their desks for the day.”

old man adjective + noun

a man who is very old

In this reading “The old man to whom she had spoken raised his head in the mild surprise of an ox disturbed while grazing.”

before leaving preposition + noun

In this reading “Having thus become the Voice of Fate, Miss Ruddick, shirt-waisted and daintily shod, slipped away between the pens where clerks were preening themselves before leaving their desks for the day.”

All words in this reading · 72

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading The old man to whom she had spoken raised his head in the mild surprise of an ox disturbed while grazing.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Having thus become the Voice of Fate, Miss Ruddick, shirt-waisted and daintily shod, slipped away between the pens where clerks were preening themselves before leaving their desks for the day.

arrangingnounUS /ərˈeɪndʒɪŋ/

the act of arranging and adapting a piece of music

From this reading He, too, was leaving his desk for the day, arranging his work with the tidy care of one for whom pens, ink, and ledgers were the vital things of life.

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading Having thus become the Voice of Fate, Miss Ruddick, shirt-waisted and daintily shod, slipped away between the pens where clerks were preening themselves before leaving their desks for the day.

becomeverbUS /bɪˈkʌm/

enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading Having thus become the Voice of Fate, Miss Ruddick, shirt-waisted and daintily shod, slipped away between the pens where clerks were preening themselves before leaving their desks for the day.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading "Mr. Collingham will see you in his office before you go."

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading Having thus become the Voice of Fate, Miss Ruddick, shirt-waisted and daintily shod, slipped away between the pens where clerks were preening themselves before leaving their desks for the day.

carenounUS /ker/

the work of providing treatment for or attending to someone or something

From this reading He, too, was leaving his desk for the day, arranging his work with the tidy care of one for whom pens, ink, and ledgers were the vital things of life.

clerksnounUS /klɜːrks/

plural of “clerk” — an employee who performs clerical work (e.g., keeps records or accounts)

From this reading Having thus become the Voice of Fate, Miss Ruddick, shirt-waisted and daintily shod, slipped away between the pens where clerks were preening themselves before leaving their desks for the day.

Collingham

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Mr. Collingham will see you in his office before you go."

daintilyadverbUS /ˈdeɪntəliː/

in a dainty and fastidious manner

From this reading Having thus become the Voice of Fate, Miss Ruddick, shirt-waisted and daintily shod, slipped away between the pens where clerks were preening themselves before leaving their desks for the day.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading Having thus become the Voice of Fate, Miss Ruddick, shirt-waisted and daintily shod, slipped away between the pens where clerks were preening themselves before leaving their desks for the day.

desknounUS /desk/

a piece of furniture with a writing surface and usually drawers or other compartments

From this reading He, too, was leaving his desk for the day, arranging his work with the tidy care of one for whom pens, ink, and ledgers were the vital things of life.

desksnounUS /desks/

plural of “desk” — a piece of furniture with a writing surface and usually drawers or other compartments

From this reading Having thus become the Voice of Fate, Miss Ruddick, shirt-waisted and daintily shod, slipped away between the pens where clerks were preening themselves before leaving their desks for the day.

disturbedadjectiveUS /dɪˈstɜːrbd/

having the place or position changed

From this reading The old man to whom she had spoken raised his head in the mild surprise of an ox disturbed while grazing.

FatenounUS /feɪt/

an event (or a course of events) that will inevitably happen in the future

From this reading Having thus become the Voice of Fate, Miss Ruddick, shirt-waisted and daintily shod, slipped away between the pens where clerks were preening themselves before leaving their desks for the day.

FinishingnounUS /ˈfɪnɪʃɪŋ/

a decorative texture or appearance of a surface (or the substance that gives it that appearance)

From this reading Finishing his task, his hands trembled.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Having thus become the Voice of Fate, Miss Ruddick, shirt-waisted and daintily shod, slipped away between the pens where clerks were preening themselves before leaving their desks for the day.

goverbUS /ɡoʊ/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading "Mr. Collingham will see you in his office before you go."

grazingnounUS /ˈɡreɪzɪŋ/

the act of grazing

From this reading The old man to whom she had spoken raised his head in the mild surprise of an ox disturbed while grazing.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The old man to whom she had spoken raised his head in the mild surprise of an ox disturbed while grazing.

handsnounUS /hændz/

(with “in”) guardianship over; in divorce cases it is the right to house and care for and discipline a child

From this reading Finishing his task, his hands trembled.

Havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading Having thus become the Voice of Fate, Miss Ruddick, shirt-waisted and daintily shod, slipped away between the pens where clerks were preening themselves before leaving their desks for the day.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He, too, was leaving his desk for the day, arranging his work with the tidy care of one for whom pens, ink, and ledgers were the vital things of life.

headnounUS /hed/

the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading The old man to whom she had spoken raised his head in the mild surprise of an ox disturbed while grazing.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading "Mr. Collingham will see you in his office before you go."

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading "Mr. Collingham will see you in his office before you go."

inknounUS /ɪŋk/

a liquid used for printing or writing or drawing

From this reading He, too, was leaving his desk for the day, arranging his work with the tidy care of one for whom pens, ink, and ledgers were the vital things of life.

leavingnounUS /ˈliːvɪŋ/

the act of departing

From this reading Having thus become the Voice of Fate, Miss Ruddick, shirt-waisted and daintily shod, slipped away between the pens where clerks were preening themselves before leaving their desks for the day.

ledgersnounUS /ˈledʒərz/

plural of “ledger” — a record in which commercial accounts are recorded

From this reading He, too, was leaving his desk for the day, arranging his work with the tidy care of one for whom pens, ink, and ledgers were the vital things of life.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading He, too, was leaving his desk for the day, arranging his work with the tidy care of one for whom pens, ink, and ledgers were the vital things of life.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading The old man to whom she had spoken raised his head in the mild surprise of an ox disturbed while grazing.

mildadjectiveUS /maɪld/

moderate in type or degree or effect or force; far from extreme

From this reading The old man to whom she had spoken raised his head in the mild surprise of an ox disturbed while grazing.

MissverbUS /mɪs/

fail to perceive or to catch with the senses or the mind

From this reading Having thus become the Voice of Fate, Miss Ruddick, shirt-waisted and daintily shod, slipped away between the pens where clerks were preening themselves before leaving their desks for the day.

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading "Mr. Collingham will see you in his office before you go."

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Having thus become the Voice of Fate, Miss Ruddick, shirt-waisted and daintily shod, slipped away between the pens where clerks were preening themselves before leaving their desks for the day.

officenounUS /ˈɔːfɪs/

place of business where professional or clerical duties are performed

From this reading "Mr. Collingham will see you in his office before you go."

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading The old man to whom she had spoken raised his head in the mild surprise of an ox disturbed while grazing.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading He, too, was leaving his desk for the day, arranging his work with the tidy care of one for whom pens, ink, and ledgers were the vital things of life.

oxnounUS /ɑːks/

an adult castrated bull of the genus Bos; especially Bos taurus

From this reading The old man to whom she had spoken raised his head in the mild surprise of an ox disturbed while grazing.

pensnounUS /penz/

plural of “pen” — a writing implement with a point from which ink flows

From this reading Having thus become the Voice of Fate, Miss Ruddick, shirt-waisted and daintily shod, slipped away between the pens where clerks were preening themselves before leaving their desks for the day.

preeningverbUS /ˈpriːnɪŋ/

-ing form of “preen” — clean with one's bill

From this reading Having thus become the Voice of Fate, Miss Ruddick, shirt-waisted and daintily shod, slipped away between the pens where clerks were preening themselves before leaving their desks for the day.

raisedadjectiveUS /reɪzd/

located or moved above the surround or above the normal position

From this reading The old man to whom she had spoken raised his head in the mild surprise of an ox disturbed while grazing.

Ruddick

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Having thus become the Voice of Fate, Miss Ruddick, shirt-waisted and daintily shod, slipped away between the pens where clerks were preening themselves before leaving their desks for the day.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading "Mr. Collingham will see you in his office before you go."

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The old man to whom she had spoken raised his head in the mild surprise of an ox disturbed while grazing.

shirt-waisted

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Having thus become the Voice of Fate, Miss Ruddick, shirt-waisted and daintily shod, slipped away between the pens where clerks were preening themselves before leaving their desks for the day.

shodadjectiveUS /ʃɑːd/

wearing footgear

From this reading Having thus become the Voice of Fate, Miss Ruddick, shirt-waisted and daintily shod, slipped away between the pens where clerks were preening themselves before leaving their desks for the day.

slippedverbUS /slɪpt/

inflected form of “slip” — move stealthily

From this reading Having thus become the Voice of Fate, Miss Ruddick, shirt-waisted and daintily shod, slipped away between the pens where clerks were preening themselves before leaving their desks for the day.

spokenadjectiveUS /ˈspoʊkən/

uttered through the medium of speech or characterized by speech; sometimes used in combination

From this reading The old man to whom she had spoken raised his head in the mild surprise of an ox disturbed while grazing.

surprisenounUS /sərˈpraɪz/

the astonishment you feel when something totally unexpected happens to you

From this reading The old man to whom she had spoken raised his head in the mild surprise of an ox disturbed while grazing.

tasknounUS /tæsk/

any piece of work that is undertaken or attempted

From this reading Finishing his task, his hands trembled.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Having thus become the Voice of Fate, Miss Ruddick, shirt-waisted and daintily shod, slipped away between the pens where clerks were preening themselves before leaving their desks for the day.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Having thus become the Voice of Fate, Miss Ruddick, shirt-waisted and daintily shod, slipped away between the pens where clerks were preening themselves before leaving their desks for the day.

themselvespronounUS /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading Having thus become the Voice of Fate, Miss Ruddick, shirt-waisted and daintily shod, slipped away between the pens where clerks were preening themselves before leaving their desks for the day.

thingsnounUS /θɪŋz/

any movable possession (especially articles of clothing)

From this reading He, too, was leaving his desk for the day, arranging his work with the tidy care of one for whom pens, ink, and ledgers were the vital things of life.

thusadverbUS /ðʌs/

(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result

From this reading Having thus become the Voice of Fate, Miss Ruddick, shirt-waisted and daintily shod, slipped away between the pens where clerks were preening themselves before leaving their desks for the day.

tidyadjectiveUS /ˈtaɪdi/

marked by order and cleanliness in appearance or habits

From this reading He, too, was leaving his desk for the day, arranging his work with the tidy care of one for whom pens, ink, and ledgers were the vital things of life.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The old man to whom she had spoken raised his head in the mild surprise of an ox disturbed while grazing.

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading He, too, was leaving his desk for the day, arranging his work with the tidy care of one for whom pens, ink, and ledgers were the vital things of life.

trembledverbUS /ˈtrembəld/

past form of “tremble” — move or jerk quickly and involuntarily up and down or sideways

From this reading Finishing his task, his hands trembled.

vitaladjectiveUS /ˈvaɪtəl/

urgently needed; absolutely necessary

From this reading He, too, was leaving his desk for the day, arranging his work with the tidy care of one for whom pens, ink, and ledgers were the vital things of life.

VoicenounUS /vɔɪs/

the distinctive quality or pitch or condition of a person's speech

From this reading Having thus become the Voice of Fate, Miss Ruddick, shirt-waisted and daintily shod, slipped away between the pens where clerks were preening themselves before leaving their desks for the day.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading He, too, was leaving his desk for the day, arranging his work with the tidy care of one for whom pens, ink, and ledgers were the vital things of life.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Having thus become the Voice of Fate, Miss Ruddick, shirt-waisted and daintily shod, slipped away between the pens where clerks were preening themselves before leaving their desks for the day.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading Having thus become the Voice of Fate, Miss Ruddick, shirt-waisted and daintily shod, slipped away between the pens where clerks were preening themselves before leaving their desks for the day.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading The old man to whom she had spoken raised his head in the mild surprise of an ox disturbed while grazing.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading The old man to whom she had spoken raised his head in the mild surprise of an ox disturbed while grazing.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading "Mr. Collingham will see you in his office before you go."

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading He, too, was leaving his desk for the day, arranging his work with the tidy care of one for whom pens, ink, and ledgers were the vital things of life.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading He, too, was leaving his desk for the day, arranging his work with the tidy care of one for whom pens, ink, and ledgers were the vital things of life.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading "Mr. Collingham will see you in his office before you go."

Chapter 1 of The Empty Sack by Basil King holds 111 sentences, grouped into 23 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of The Empty Sack contain?

Chapter 1 holds 111 sentences of The Empty Sack, unabridged, divided into 23 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of The Empty Sack by Basil King exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 111 sentences, grouped into 23 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of The Empty Sack?

Work through the 23 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 23 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Empty Sack

Common questions about reading The Empty Sack by Basil King on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Empty Sack?

Yes. All 7013 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #37412 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Empty Sack is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #37412, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Empty Sack take to read?

About 584 minutes of reading across 1403 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Empty Sack section by section

How to work through The Empty Sack section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 29 chapters of The Empty Sack to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Empty Sack

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Empty Sack, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Collingham
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Empty Sack; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Office
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Empty Sack; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Having
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Empty Sack; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Become
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Empty Sack; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.