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The English Novel and the Principle of Its Development
The English Novel and the Principle of Its Development

Chapter VII

Chapter 7 of The English Novel and the Principle of Its Development is here in full — 353 sentences across 71 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The English Novel and the Principle of Its Development
Context Illustration Reading 1/70 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
"When old age shall this generation waste, Thou shalt remain in midst of other woe Than ours, a friend to man to whom thou say'st Beauty is truth, truth, beauty,--that is all Ye know on earth, and all ye need to know."
Again, bearing in mind this identity of truth and beauty in Keats' view, observe how Emerson, by strange turns of thought, subtly refers both truth and beauty to a common principle of the essential relation of each thing to all things in the universe.
Here are the beginning and end of Emerson's poem called _Each and All_:
"Little thinks in the field yon red-cloaked clown Of thee from the hill-top looking down; The sexton tolling his bell at noon Deems not that great Napoleon Stops his horse and lists with delight While his files sweep 'round Alpine height; Nor knowest thou what argument Thy life to thy neighbor's creed has lent.
All are needed by each one; Nothing is fair or good alone."
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The English Novel and the Principle of Its Development

Chapter VII

Chapter 7 of The English Novel and the Principle of Its Development is here in full — 353 sentences across 71 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/70 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
"When old age shall this generation waste, Thou shalt remain in midst of other woe Than ours, a friend to man to whom thou say'st Beauty is truth, truth, beauty,--that is all Ye know on earth, and all ye need to know."
Line 2
Again, bearing in mind this identity of truth and beauty in Keats' view, observe how Emerson, by strange turns of thought, subtly refers both truth and beauty to a common principle of the essential relation of each thing to all things in the universe.
Line 3
Here are the beginning and end of Emerson's poem called _Each and All_:
/hiːr ɑːr ðə bɪˈɡɪnɪŋ ənd end ʌv ˈemərsənz ˈpoʊəm kɔːld iːtʃ ənd ɔːl/
Line 4
"Little thinks in the field yon red-cloaked clown Of thee from the hill-top looking down; The sexton tolling his bell at noon Deems not that great Napoleon Stops his horse and lists with delight While his files sweep 'round Alpine height; Nor knowest thou what argument Thy life to thy neighbor's creed has lent.
Line 5
All are needed by each one; Nothing is fair or good alone."
/ɔːl ɑːr ˈniːdəd baɪ iːtʃ wʌn ˈnʌθɪŋ ɪz fer ɔːr ɡʊd əˈloʊn/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Alpine adjective US /ˈælpaɪn/

relating to or characteristic of alps

From this reading “"Little thinks in the field yon red-cloaked clown Of thee from the hill-top looking down; The sexton tolling his bell at noon Deems not that great Napoleon Stops his horse and lists with delight While his files sweep 'round Alpine height; Nor knowest thou what argument Thy life to thy neighbor's creed has lent.”

Deems verb US /diːmz/

third-person singular of “deem” — keep in mind or convey as a conviction or view

From this reading “"Little thinks in the field yon red-cloaked clown Of thee from the hill-top looking down; The sexton tolling his bell at noon Deems not that great Napoleon Stops his horse and lists with delight While his files sweep 'round Alpine height; Nor knowest thou what argument Thy life to thy neighbor's creed has lent.”

Emerson's noun US /ˈemərsənz/

possessive form of “emerson” — United States writer and leading exponent of transcendentalism (1803-1882)

From this reading “Here are the beginning and end of Emerson's poem called _Each and All_:”

files noun US /faɪlz/

plural of “file” — a set of related records (either written or electronic) kept together

From this reading “"Little thinks in the field yon red-cloaked clown Of thee from the hill-top looking down; The sexton tolling his bell at noon Deems not that great Napoleon Stops his horse and lists with delight While his files sweep 'round Alpine height; Nor knowest thou what argument Thy life to thy neighbor's creed has lent.”

neighbor's noun US /ˈneɪbərz/

possessive form of “neighbor” — a person who lives (or is located) near another

From this reading “"Little thinks in the field yon red-cloaked clown Of thee from the hill-top looking down; The sexton tolling his bell at noon Deems not that great Napoleon Stops his horse and lists with delight While his files sweep 'round Alpine height; Nor knowest thou what argument Thy life to thy neighbor's creed has lent.”

sexton noun US /ˈsekstən/

United States poet (1928-1974)

From this reading “"Little thinks in the field yon red-cloaked clown Of thee from the hill-top looking down; The sexton tolling his bell at noon Deems not that great Napoleon Stops his horse and lists with delight While his files sweep 'round Alpine height; Nor knowest thou what argument Thy life to thy neighbor's creed has lent.”

subtly adverb US /ˈsʌtəli/

in a subtle manner

From this reading “Again, bearing in mind this identity of truth and beauty in Keats' view, observe how Emerson, by strange turns of thought, subtly refers both truth and beauty to a common principle of the essential relation of each thing to all things in the universe.”

tolling verb US /ˈtoʊlɪŋ/

-ing form of “toll” — ring slowly

From this reading “"Little thinks in the field yon red-cloaked clown Of thee from the hill-top looking down; The sexton tolling his bell at noon Deems not that great Napoleon Stops his horse and lists with delight While his files sweep 'round Alpine height; Nor knowest thou what argument Thy life to thy neighbor's creed has lent.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

old age adjective + noun

a late time of life

In this reading “"When old age shall this generation waste, Thou shalt remain in midst of other woe Than ours, a friend to man to whom thou say'st Beauty is truth, truth, beauty,--that is all Ye know on earth, and all ye need to know."”

at noon preposition + noun

In this reading “"Little thinks in the field yon red-cloaked clown Of thee from the hill-top looking down; The sexton tolling his bell at noon Deems not that great Napoleon Stops his horse and lists with delight While his files sweep 'round Alpine height; Nor knowest thou what argument Thy life to thy neighbor's creed has lent.”

on earth preposition + noun

used with question words to convey surprise

In this reading “"When old age shall this generation waste, Thou shalt remain in midst of other woe Than ours, a friend to man to whom thou say'st Beauty is truth, truth, beauty,--that is all Ye know on earth, and all ye need to know."”

all things adjective + noun

In this reading “Again, bearing in mind this identity of truth and beauty in Keats' view, observe how Emerson, by strange turns of thought, subtly refers both truth and beauty to a common principle of the essential relation of each thing to all things in the universe.”

in the universe preposition + article + noun counted as “in … universe”

In this reading “Again, bearing in mind this identity of truth and beauty in Keats' view, observe how Emerson, by strange turns of thought, subtly refers both truth and beauty to a common principle of the essential relation of each thing to all things in the universe.”

remain in verb + particle

In this reading “"When old age shall this generation waste, Thou shalt remain in midst of other woe Than ours, a friend to man to whom thou say'st Beauty is truth, truth, beauty,--that is all Ye know on earth, and all ye need to know."”

in the field preposition + article + noun counted as “in … field”

In this reading “"Little thinks in the field yon red-cloaked clown Of thee from the hill-top looking down; The sexton tolling his bell at noon Deems not that great Napoleon Stops his horse and lists with delight While his files sweep 'round Alpine height; Nor knowest thou what argument Thy life to thy neighbor's creed has lent.”

All words in this reading · 115

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading "When old age shall this generation waste, Thou shalt remain in midst of other woe Than ours, a friend to man to whom thou say'st Beauty is truth, truth, beauty,--that is all Ye know on earth, and all ye need to know."

AgainadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading Again, bearing in mind this identity of truth and beauty in Keats' view, observe how Emerson, by strange turns of thought, subtly refers both truth and beauty to a common principle of the essential relation of each thing to all things in the universe.

agenounUS /eɪdʒ/

how long something has existed

From this reading "When old age shall this generation waste, Thou shalt remain in midst of other woe Than ours, a friend to man to whom thou say'st Beauty is truth, truth, beauty,--that is all Ye know on earth, and all ye need to know."

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading "When old age shall this generation waste, Thou shalt remain in midst of other woe Than ours, a friend to man to whom thou say'st Beauty is truth, truth, beauty,--that is all Ye know on earth, and all ye need to know."

aloneadjectiveUS /əˈloʊn/

Having no one else present.

From this reading All are needed by each one; Nothing is fair or good alone."

AlpineadjectiveUS /ˈælpaɪn/

relating to or characteristic of alps

From this reading "Little thinks in the field yon red-cloaked clown Of thee from the hill-top looking down; The sexton tolling his bell at noon Deems not that great Napoleon Stops his horse and lists with delight While his files sweep 'round Alpine height; Nor knowest thou what argument Thy life to thy neighbor's creed has lent.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading "When old age shall this generation waste, Thou shalt remain in midst of other woe Than ours, a friend to man to whom thou say'st Beauty is truth, truth, beauty,--that is all Ye know on earth, and all ye need to know."

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Here are the beginning and end of Emerson's poem called _Each and All_:

argumentnounUS /ˈɑːrɡjəmənt/

a fact or assertion offered as evidence that something is true

From this reading "Little thinks in the field yon red-cloaked clown Of thee from the hill-top looking down; The sexton tolling his bell at noon Deems not that great Napoleon Stops his horse and lists with delight While his files sweep 'round Alpine height; Nor knowest thou what argument Thy life to thy neighbor's creed has lent.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading "Little thinks in the field yon red-cloaked clown Of thee from the hill-top looking down; The sexton tolling his bell at noon Deems not that great Napoleon Stops his horse and lists with delight While his files sweep 'round Alpine height; Nor knowest thou what argument Thy life to thy neighbor's creed has lent.

bearingnounUS /ˈberɪŋ/

relevant relation or interconnection

From this reading Again, bearing in mind this identity of truth and beauty in Keats' view, observe how Emerson, by strange turns of thought, subtly refers both truth and beauty to a common principle of the essential relation of each thing to all things in the universe.

BeautynounUS /ˈbjuːti/

the qualities that give pleasure to the senses

From this reading "When old age shall this generation waste, Thou shalt remain in midst of other woe Than ours, a friend to man to whom thou say'st Beauty is truth, truth, beauty,--that is all Ye know on earth, and all ye need to know."

beginningnounUS /bɪˈɡɪnɪŋ/

the event consisting of the start of something

From this reading Here are the beginning and end of Emerson's poem called _Each and All_:

bellnounUS /bel/

a hollow device made of metal that makes a ringing sound when struck

From this reading "Little thinks in the field yon red-cloaked clown Of thee from the hill-top looking down; The sexton tolling his bell at noon Deems not that great Napoleon Stops his horse and lists with delight While his files sweep 'round Alpine height; Nor knowest thou what argument Thy life to thy neighbor's creed has lent.

bothdeterminerUS /boʊθ/

the two together, not just one

From this reading Again, bearing in mind this identity of truth and beauty in Keats' view, observe how Emerson, by strange turns of thought, subtly refers both truth and beauty to a common principle of the essential relation of each thing to all things in the universe.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Again, bearing in mind this identity of truth and beauty in Keats' view, observe how Emerson, by strange turns of thought, subtly refers both truth and beauty to a common principle of the essential relation of each thing to all things in the universe.

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading Here are the beginning and end of Emerson's poem called _Each and All_:

clownnounUS /klaʊn/

a rude or vulgar fool

From this reading "Little thinks in the field yon red-cloaked clown Of thee from the hill-top looking down; The sexton tolling his bell at noon Deems not that great Napoleon Stops his horse and lists with delight While his files sweep 'round Alpine height; Nor knowest thou what argument Thy life to thy neighbor's creed has lent.

commonadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːmən/

belonging to or participated in by a community as a whole; public

From this reading Again, bearing in mind this identity of truth and beauty in Keats' view, observe how Emerson, by strange turns of thought, subtly refers both truth and beauty to a common principle of the essential relation of each thing to all things in the universe.

creednounUS /kriːd/

any system of principles or beliefs

From this reading "Little thinks in the field yon red-cloaked clown Of thee from the hill-top looking down; The sexton tolling his bell at noon Deems not that great Napoleon Stops his horse and lists with delight While his files sweep 'round Alpine height; Nor knowest thou what argument Thy life to thy neighbor's creed has lent.

DeemsverbUS /diːmz/

third-person singular of “deem” — keep in mind or convey as a conviction or view

From this reading "Little thinks in the field yon red-cloaked clown Of thee from the hill-top looking down; The sexton tolling his bell at noon Deems not that great Napoleon Stops his horse and lists with delight While his files sweep 'round Alpine height; Nor knowest thou what argument Thy life to thy neighbor's creed has lent.

delightverbUS /dɪˈlaɪt/

give pleasure to or be pleasing to

From this reading "Little thinks in the field yon red-cloaked clown Of thee from the hill-top looking down; The sexton tolling his bell at noon Deems not that great Napoleon Stops his horse and lists with delight While his files sweep 'round Alpine height; Nor knowest thou what argument Thy life to thy neighbor's creed has lent.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading "Little thinks in the field yon red-cloaked clown Of thee from the hill-top looking down; The sexton tolling his bell at noon Deems not that great Napoleon Stops his horse and lists with delight While his files sweep 'round Alpine height; Nor knowest thou what argument Thy life to thy neighbor's creed has lent.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading Again, bearing in mind this identity of truth and beauty in Keats' view, observe how Emerson, by strange turns of thought, subtly refers both truth and beauty to a common principle of the essential relation of each thing to all things in the universe.

earthnounUS /ɜːrθ/

the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on

From this reading "When old age shall this generation waste, Thou shalt remain in midst of other woe Than ours, a friend to man to whom thou say'st Beauty is truth, truth, beauty,--that is all Ye know on earth, and all ye need to know."

EmersonnounUS /ˈemərsən/

United States writer and leading exponent of transcendentalism (1803-1882)

From this reading Again, bearing in mind this identity of truth and beauty in Keats' view, observe how Emerson, by strange turns of thought, subtly refers both truth and beauty to a common principle of the essential relation of each thing to all things in the universe.

Emerson'snounUS /ˈemərsənz/

possessive form of “emerson” — United States writer and leading exponent of transcendentalism (1803-1882)

From this reading Here are the beginning and end of Emerson's poem called _Each and All_:

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading Here are the beginning and end of Emerson's poem called _Each and All_:

essentialadjectiveUS /eˈsenʃəl/

absolutely necessary; vitally necessary

From this reading Again, bearing in mind this identity of truth and beauty in Keats' view, observe how Emerson, by strange turns of thought, subtly refers both truth and beauty to a common principle of the essential relation of each thing to all things in the universe.

fairadjectiveUS /fer/

free from favoritism or self-interest or bias or deception; conforming with established standards or rules

From this reading All are needed by each one; Nothing is fair or good alone."

fieldnounUS /fiːld/

a piece of land cleared of trees and usually enclosed

From this reading "Little thinks in the field yon red-cloaked clown Of thee from the hill-top looking down; The sexton tolling his bell at noon Deems not that great Napoleon Stops his horse and lists with delight While his files sweep 'round Alpine height; Nor knowest thou what argument Thy life to thy neighbor's creed has lent.

filesnounUS /faɪlz/

plural of “file” — a set of related records (either written or electronic) kept together

From this reading "Little thinks in the field yon red-cloaked clown Of thee from the hill-top looking down; The sexton tolling his bell at noon Deems not that great Napoleon Stops his horse and lists with delight While his files sweep 'round Alpine height; Nor knowest thou what argument Thy life to thy neighbor's creed has lent.

friendnounUS /frend/

a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading "When old age shall this generation waste, Thou shalt remain in midst of other woe Than ours, a friend to man to whom thou say'st Beauty is truth, truth, beauty,--that is all Ye know on earth, and all ye need to know."

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading "Little thinks in the field yon red-cloaked clown Of thee from the hill-top looking down; The sexton tolling his bell at noon Deems not that great Napoleon Stops his horse and lists with delight While his files sweep 'round Alpine height; Nor knowest thou what argument Thy life to thy neighbor's creed has lent.

generationnounUS /ˌdʒenərˈeɪʃən/

all the people living at the same time or of approximately the same age

From this reading "When old age shall this generation waste, Thou shalt remain in midst of other woe Than ours, a friend to man to whom thou say'st Beauty is truth, truth, beauty,--that is all Ye know on earth, and all ye need to know."

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading All are needed by each one; Nothing is fair or good alone."

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading "Little thinks in the field yon red-cloaked clown Of thee from the hill-top looking down; The sexton tolling his bell at noon Deems not that great Napoleon Stops his horse and lists with delight While his files sweep 'round Alpine height; Nor knowest thou what argument Thy life to thy neighbor's creed has lent.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading "Little thinks in the field yon red-cloaked clown Of thee from the hill-top looking down; The sexton tolling his bell at noon Deems not that great Napoleon Stops his horse and lists with delight While his files sweep 'round Alpine height; Nor knowest thou what argument Thy life to thy neighbor's creed has lent.

heightnounUS /haɪt/

the vertical dimension of extension; distance from the base of something to the top

From this reading "Little thinks in the field yon red-cloaked clown Of thee from the hill-top looking down; The sexton tolling his bell at noon Deems not that great Napoleon Stops his horse and lists with delight While his files sweep 'round Alpine height; Nor knowest thou what argument Thy life to thy neighbor's creed has lent.

HereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading Here are the beginning and end of Emerson's poem called _Each and All_:

hill-top

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Little thinks in the field yon red-cloaked clown Of thee from the hill-top looking down; The sexton tolling his bell at noon Deems not that great Napoleon Stops his horse and lists with delight While his files sweep 'round Alpine height; Nor knowest thou what argument Thy life to thy neighbor's creed has lent.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading "Little thinks in the field yon red-cloaked clown Of thee from the hill-top looking down; The sexton tolling his bell at noon Deems not that great Napoleon Stops his horse and lists with delight While his files sweep 'round Alpine height; Nor knowest thou what argument Thy life to thy neighbor's creed has lent.

horsenounUS /hɔːrs/

solid-hoofed herbivorous quadruped domesticated since prehistoric times

From this reading "Little thinks in the field yon red-cloaked clown Of thee from the hill-top looking down; The sexton tolling his bell at noon Deems not that great Napoleon Stops his horse and lists with delight While his files sweep 'round Alpine height; Nor knowest thou what argument Thy life to thy neighbor's creed has lent.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Again, bearing in mind this identity of truth and beauty in Keats' view, observe how Emerson, by strange turns of thought, subtly refers both truth and beauty to a common principle of the essential relation of each thing to all things in the universe.

identitynounUS /aɪˈdentɪtiː/

the distinct personality of an individual regarded as a persisting entity

From this reading Again, bearing in mind this identity of truth and beauty in Keats' view, observe how Emerson, by strange turns of thought, subtly refers both truth and beauty to a common principle of the essential relation of each thing to all things in the universe.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading "When old age shall this generation waste, Thou shalt remain in midst of other woe Than ours, a friend to man to whom thou say'st Beauty is truth, truth, beauty,--that is all Ye know on earth, and all ye need to know."

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading "When old age shall this generation waste, Thou shalt remain in midst of other woe Than ours, a friend to man to whom thou say'st Beauty is truth, truth, beauty,--that is all Ye know on earth, and all ye need to know."

KeatsnounUS /kiːts/

Englishman and romantic poet (1795-1821)

From this reading Again, bearing in mind this identity of truth and beauty in Keats' view, observe how Emerson, by strange turns of thought, subtly refers both truth and beauty to a common principle of the essential relation of each thing to all things in the universe.

knowverbUS /noʊ/

be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading "When old age shall this generation waste, Thou shalt remain in midst of other woe Than ours, a friend to man to whom thou say'st Beauty is truth, truth, beauty,--that is all Ye know on earth, and all ye need to know."

knowest

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Little thinks in the field yon red-cloaked clown Of thee from the hill-top looking down; The sexton tolling his bell at noon Deems not that great Napoleon Stops his horse and lists with delight While his files sweep 'round Alpine height; Nor knowest thou what argument Thy life to thy neighbor's creed has lent.

lentnounUS /lent/

a period of 40 weekdays from Ash Wednesday to Holy Saturday

From this reading "Little thinks in the field yon red-cloaked clown Of thee from the hill-top looking down; The sexton tolling his bell at noon Deems not that great Napoleon Stops his horse and lists with delight While his files sweep 'round Alpine height; Nor knowest thou what argument Thy life to thy neighbor's creed has lent.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading "Little thinks in the field yon red-cloaked clown Of thee from the hill-top looking down; The sexton tolling his bell at noon Deems not that great Napoleon Stops his horse and lists with delight While his files sweep 'round Alpine height; Nor knowest thou what argument Thy life to thy neighbor's creed has lent.

listsnounUS /lɪsts/

plural of “list” — a database containing an ordered array of items (names or topics)

From this reading "Little thinks in the field yon red-cloaked clown Of thee from the hill-top looking down; The sexton tolling his bell at noon Deems not that great Napoleon Stops his horse and lists with delight While his files sweep 'round Alpine height; Nor knowest thou what argument Thy life to thy neighbor's creed has lent.

LittleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading "Little thinks in the field yon red-cloaked clown Of thee from the hill-top looking down; The sexton tolling his bell at noon Deems not that great Napoleon Stops his horse and lists with delight While his files sweep 'round Alpine height; Nor knowest thou what argument Thy life to thy neighbor's creed has lent.

lookingnounUS /ˈlʊkɪŋ/

the act of directing the eyes toward something and perceiving it visually

From this reading "Little thinks in the field yon red-cloaked clown Of thee from the hill-top looking down; The sexton tolling his bell at noon Deems not that great Napoleon Stops his horse and lists with delight While his files sweep 'round Alpine height; Nor knowest thou what argument Thy life to thy neighbor's creed has lent.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading "When old age shall this generation waste, Thou shalt remain in midst of other woe Than ours, a friend to man to whom thou say'st Beauty is truth, truth, beauty,--that is all Ye know on earth, and all ye need to know."

midstnounUS /mɪdst/

the location of something surrounded by other things

From this reading "When old age shall this generation waste, Thou shalt remain in midst of other woe Than ours, a friend to man to whom thou say'st Beauty is truth, truth, beauty,--that is all Ye know on earth, and all ye need to know."

mindnounUS /maɪnd/

The element of a person that enables awareness and thought.

From this reading Again, bearing in mind this identity of truth and beauty in Keats' view, observe how Emerson, by strange turns of thought, subtly refers both truth and beauty to a common principle of the essential relation of each thing to all things in the universe.

NapoleonnounUS /nəˈpoʊliən/

French general who became emperor of the French (1769-1821)

From this reading "Little thinks in the field yon red-cloaked clown Of thee from the hill-top looking down; The sexton tolling his bell at noon Deems not that great Napoleon Stops his horse and lists with delight While his files sweep 'round Alpine height; Nor knowest thou what argument Thy life to thy neighbor's creed has lent.

neednounUS /niːd/

a condition requiring relief

From this reading "When old age shall this generation waste, Thou shalt remain in midst of other woe Than ours, a friend to man to whom thou say'st Beauty is truth, truth, beauty,--that is all Ye know on earth, and all ye need to know."

neededadjectiveUS /ˈniːdəd/

necessary for relief or supply

From this reading All are needed by each one; Nothing is fair or good alone."

neighbor'snounUS /ˈneɪbərz/

possessive form of “neighbor” — a person who lives (or is located) near another

From this reading "Little thinks in the field yon red-cloaked clown Of thee from the hill-top looking down; The sexton tolling his bell at noon Deems not that great Napoleon Stops his horse and lists with delight While his files sweep 'round Alpine height; Nor knowest thou what argument Thy life to thy neighbor's creed has lent.

noonnounUS /nuːn/

the middle of the day

From this reading "Little thinks in the field yon red-cloaked clown Of thee from the hill-top looking down; The sexton tolling his bell at noon Deems not that great Napoleon Stops his horse and lists with delight While his files sweep 'round Alpine height; Nor knowest thou what argument Thy life to thy neighbor's creed has lent.

NorconjunctionUS /nɔːr/

and not; used after a negative to add a second negative

From this reading "Little thinks in the field yon red-cloaked clown Of thee from the hill-top looking down; The sexton tolling his bell at noon Deems not that great Napoleon Stops his horse and lists with delight While his files sweep 'round Alpine height; Nor knowest thou what argument Thy life to thy neighbor's creed has lent.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading "Little thinks in the field yon red-cloaked clown Of thee from the hill-top looking down; The sexton tolling his bell at noon Deems not that great Napoleon Stops his horse and lists with delight While his files sweep 'round Alpine height; Nor knowest thou what argument Thy life to thy neighbor's creed has lent.

NothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading All are needed by each one; Nothing is fair or good alone."

observeverbUS /əbˈzɜːrv/

discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of

From this reading Again, bearing in mind this identity of truth and beauty in Keats' view, observe how Emerson, by strange turns of thought, subtly refers both truth and beauty to a common principle of the essential relation of each thing to all things in the universe.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading "When old age shall this generation waste, Thou shalt remain in midst of other woe Than ours, a friend to man to whom thou say'st Beauty is truth, truth, beauty,--that is all Ye know on earth, and all ye need to know."

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading "When old age shall this generation waste, Thou shalt remain in midst of other woe Than ours, a friend to man to whom thou say'st Beauty is truth, truth, beauty,--that is all Ye know on earth, and all ye need to know."

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading "When old age shall this generation waste, Thou shalt remain in midst of other woe Than ours, a friend to man to whom thou say'st Beauty is truth, truth, beauty,--that is all Ye know on earth, and all ye need to know."

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading All are needed by each one; Nothing is fair or good alone."

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading All are needed by each one; Nothing is fair or good alone."

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading "When old age shall this generation waste, Thou shalt remain in midst of other woe Than ours, a friend to man to whom thou say'st Beauty is truth, truth, beauty,--that is all Ye know on earth, and all ye need to know."

ourspronounUS /ˈaʊərz/

the one or ones belonging to us

From this reading "When old age shall this generation waste, Thou shalt remain in midst of other woe Than ours, a friend to man to whom thou say'st Beauty is truth, truth, beauty,--that is all Ye know on earth, and all ye need to know."

poemnounUS /ˈpoʊəm/

a composition written in metrical feet forming rhythmical lines

From this reading Here are the beginning and end of Emerson's poem called _Each and All_:

principlenounUS /ˈprɪnsəpəl/

a basic generalization that is accepted as true and that can be used as a basis for reasoning or conduct

From this reading Again, bearing in mind this identity of truth and beauty in Keats' view, observe how Emerson, by strange turns of thought, subtly refers both truth and beauty to a common principle of the essential relation of each thing to all things in the universe.

red-cloaked

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Little thinks in the field yon red-cloaked clown Of thee from the hill-top looking down; The sexton tolling his bell at noon Deems not that great Napoleon Stops his horse and lists with delight While his files sweep 'round Alpine height; Nor knowest thou what argument Thy life to thy neighbor's creed has lent.

refersverbUS /rəˈfɜːrz/

third-person singular of “refer” — make reference to

From this reading Again, bearing in mind this identity of truth and beauty in Keats' view, observe how Emerson, by strange turns of thought, subtly refers both truth and beauty to a common principle of the essential relation of each thing to all things in the universe.

relationnounUS /riˈleɪʃən/

an abstraction belonging to or characteristic of two entities or parts together

From this reading Again, bearing in mind this identity of truth and beauty in Keats' view, observe how Emerson, by strange turns of thought, subtly refers both truth and beauty to a common principle of the essential relation of each thing to all things in the universe.

remainverbUS /rɪˈmeɪn/

stay the same; remain in a certain state

From this reading "When old age shall this generation waste, Thou shalt remain in midst of other woe Than ours, a friend to man to whom thou say'st Beauty is truth, truth, beauty,--that is all Ye know on earth, and all ye need to know."

roundnounUS /raʊnd/

a charge of ammunition for a single shot

From this reading "Little thinks in the field yon red-cloaked clown Of thee from the hill-top looking down; The sexton tolling his bell at noon Deems not that great Napoleon Stops his horse and lists with delight While his files sweep 'round Alpine height; Nor knowest thou what argument Thy life to thy neighbor's creed has lent.

say'st

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "When old age shall this generation waste, Thou shalt remain in midst of other woe Than ours, a friend to man to whom thou say'st Beauty is truth, truth, beauty,--that is all Ye know on earth, and all ye need to know."

sextonnounUS /ˈsekstən/

United States poet (1928-1974)

From this reading "Little thinks in the field yon red-cloaked clown Of thee from the hill-top looking down; The sexton tolling his bell at noon Deems not that great Napoleon Stops his horse and lists with delight While his files sweep 'round Alpine height; Nor knowest thou what argument Thy life to thy neighbor's creed has lent.

shallmodal verbUS /ʃæl/

used with I and we for the future, or to offer and suggest

From this reading "When old age shall this generation waste, Thou shalt remain in midst of other woe Than ours, a friend to man to whom thou say'st Beauty is truth, truth, beauty,--that is all Ye know on earth, and all ye need to know."

shaltmodal verbUS /ʃælt/

an old form of “shall”, used with “thou”

From this reading "When old age shall this generation waste, Thou shalt remain in midst of other woe Than ours, a friend to man to whom thou say'st Beauty is truth, truth, beauty,--that is all Ye know on earth, and all ye need to know."

StopsnounUS /stɑːps/

a gambling card game in which chips are placed on the ace and king and queen and jack of separate suits (taken from a separate deck)

From this reading "Little thinks in the field yon red-cloaked clown Of thee from the hill-top looking down; The sexton tolling his bell at noon Deems not that great Napoleon Stops his horse and lists with delight While his files sweep 'round Alpine height; Nor knowest thou what argument Thy life to thy neighbor's creed has lent.

strangeadjectiveUS /streɪndʒ/

being definitely out of the ordinary and unexpected; slightly odd or even a bit weird

From this reading Again, bearing in mind this identity of truth and beauty in Keats' view, observe how Emerson, by strange turns of thought, subtly refers both truth and beauty to a common principle of the essential relation of each thing to all things in the universe.

subtlyadverbUS /ˈsʌtəli/

in a subtle manner

From this reading Again, bearing in mind this identity of truth and beauty in Keats' view, observe how Emerson, by strange turns of thought, subtly refers both truth and beauty to a common principle of the essential relation of each thing to all things in the universe.

sweepverbUS /swiːp/

sweep across or over

From this reading "Little thinks in the field yon red-cloaked clown Of thee from the hill-top looking down; The sexton tolling his bell at noon Deems not that great Napoleon Stops his horse and lists with delight While his files sweep 'round Alpine height; Nor knowest thou what argument Thy life to thy neighbor's creed has lent.

ThanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading "When old age shall this generation waste, Thou shalt remain in midst of other woe Than ours, a friend to man to whom thou say'st Beauty is truth, truth, beauty,--that is all Ye know on earth, and all ye need to know."

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading "When old age shall this generation waste, Thou shalt remain in midst of other woe Than ours, a friend to man to whom thou say'st Beauty is truth, truth, beauty,--that is all Ye know on earth, and all ye need to know."

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Again, bearing in mind this identity of truth and beauty in Keats' view, observe how Emerson, by strange turns of thought, subtly refers both truth and beauty to a common principle of the essential relation of each thing to all things in the universe.

theepronounUS /ðiː/

an old word for “you”, as the object, speaking to one person

From this reading "Little thinks in the field yon red-cloaked clown Of thee from the hill-top looking down; The sexton tolling his bell at noon Deems not that great Napoleon Stops his horse and lists with delight While his files sweep 'round Alpine height; Nor knowest thou what argument Thy life to thy neighbor's creed has lent.

thingnounUS /θɪŋ/

a special situation

From this reading Again, bearing in mind this identity of truth and beauty in Keats' view, observe how Emerson, by strange turns of thought, subtly refers both truth and beauty to a common principle of the essential relation of each thing to all things in the universe.

thingsnounUS /θɪŋz/

any movable possession (especially articles of clothing)

From this reading Again, bearing in mind this identity of truth and beauty in Keats' view, observe how Emerson, by strange turns of thought, subtly refers both truth and beauty to a common principle of the essential relation of each thing to all things in the universe.

thinksnounUS /θɪŋks/

plural of “think” — an instance of deliberate thinking

From this reading "Little thinks in the field yon red-cloaked clown Of thee from the hill-top looking down; The sexton tolling his bell at noon Deems not that great Napoleon Stops his horse and lists with delight While his files sweep 'round Alpine height; Nor knowest thou what argument Thy life to thy neighbor's creed has lent.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading "When old age shall this generation waste, Thou shalt remain in midst of other woe Than ours, a friend to man to whom thou say'st Beauty is truth, truth, beauty,--that is all Ye know on earth, and all ye need to know."

ThoupronounUS /ðaʊ/

an old word for “you”, as the subject, speaking to one person

From this reading "When old age shall this generation waste, Thou shalt remain in midst of other woe Than ours, a friend to man to whom thou say'st Beauty is truth, truth, beauty,--that is all Ye know on earth, and all ye need to know."

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading Again, bearing in mind this identity of truth and beauty in Keats' view, observe how Emerson, by strange turns of thought, subtly refers both truth and beauty to a common principle of the essential relation of each thing to all things in the universe.

ThydeterminerUS /ðaɪ/

an old word for “your”, speaking to one person

From this reading "Little thinks in the field yon red-cloaked clown Of thee from the hill-top looking down; The sexton tolling his bell at noon Deems not that great Napoleon Stops his horse and lists with delight While his files sweep 'round Alpine height; Nor knowest thou what argument Thy life to thy neighbor's creed has lent.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading "When old age shall this generation waste, Thou shalt remain in midst of other woe Than ours, a friend to man to whom thou say'st Beauty is truth, truth, beauty,--that is all Ye know on earth, and all ye need to know."

tollingverbUS /ˈtoʊlɪŋ/

-ing form of “toll” — ring slowly

From this reading "Little thinks in the field yon red-cloaked clown Of thee from the hill-top looking down; The sexton tolling his bell at noon Deems not that great Napoleon Stops his horse and lists with delight While his files sweep 'round Alpine height; Nor knowest thou what argument Thy life to thy neighbor's creed has lent.

truthnounUS /truːθ/

a fact that has been verified

From this reading "When old age shall this generation waste, Thou shalt remain in midst of other woe Than ours, a friend to man to whom thou say'st Beauty is truth, truth, beauty,--that is all Ye know on earth, and all ye need to know."

turnsnounUS /tɜːrnz/

plural of “turn” — a circular segment of a curve

From this reading Again, bearing in mind this identity of truth and beauty in Keats' view, observe how Emerson, by strange turns of thought, subtly refers both truth and beauty to a common principle of the essential relation of each thing to all things in the universe.

universenounUS /ˈjuːnəvɜːrs/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading Again, bearing in mind this identity of truth and beauty in Keats' view, observe how Emerson, by strange turns of thought, subtly refers both truth and beauty to a common principle of the essential relation of each thing to all things in the universe.

viewnounUS /vjuː/

a way of regarding situations or topics etc.

From this reading Again, bearing in mind this identity of truth and beauty in Keats' view, observe how Emerson, by strange turns of thought, subtly refers both truth and beauty to a common principle of the essential relation of each thing to all things in the universe.

wastenounUS /weɪst/

any materials unused and rejected as worthless or unwanted

From this reading "When old age shall this generation waste, Thou shalt remain in midst of other woe Than ours, a friend to man to whom thou say'st Beauty is truth, truth, beauty,--that is all Ye know on earth, and all ye need to know."

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading "Little thinks in the field yon red-cloaked clown Of thee from the hill-top looking down; The sexton tolling his bell at noon Deems not that great Napoleon Stops his horse and lists with delight While his files sweep 'round Alpine height; Nor knowest thou what argument Thy life to thy neighbor's creed has lent.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading "When old age shall this generation waste, Thou shalt remain in midst of other woe Than ours, a friend to man to whom thou say'st Beauty is truth, truth, beauty,--that is all Ye know on earth, and all ye need to know."

WhileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading "Little thinks in the field yon red-cloaked clown Of thee from the hill-top looking down; The sexton tolling his bell at noon Deems not that great Napoleon Stops his horse and lists with delight While his files sweep 'round Alpine height; Nor knowest thou what argument Thy life to thy neighbor's creed has lent.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading "When old age shall this generation waste, Thou shalt remain in midst of other woe Than ours, a friend to man to whom thou say'st Beauty is truth, truth, beauty,--that is all Ye know on earth, and all ye need to know."

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading "Little thinks in the field yon red-cloaked clown Of thee from the hill-top looking down; The sexton tolling his bell at noon Deems not that great Napoleon Stops his horse and lists with delight While his files sweep 'round Alpine height; Nor knowest thou what argument Thy life to thy neighbor's creed has lent.

woenounUS /woʊ/

misery resulting from affliction

From this reading "When old age shall this generation waste, Thou shalt remain in midst of other woe Than ours, a friend to man to whom thou say'st Beauty is truth, truth, beauty,--that is all Ye know on earth, and all ye need to know."

YepronounUS /jiː/

an old word for “you”, speaking to more than one person

From this reading "When old age shall this generation waste, Thou shalt remain in midst of other woe Than ours, a friend to man to whom thou say'st Beauty is truth, truth, beauty,--that is all Ye know on earth, and all ye need to know."

yonadjectiveUS /jɑːn/

distant but within sight (“yon” is dialectal)

From this reading "Little thinks in the field yon red-cloaked clown Of thee from the hill-top looking down; The sexton tolling his bell at noon Deems not that great Napoleon Stops his horse and lists with delight While his files sweep 'round Alpine height; Nor knowest thou what argument Thy life to thy neighbor's creed has lent.

Chapter 7 of The English Novel and the Principle of Its Development by Sidney Lanier holds 353 sentences, grouped into 71 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 7 of The English Novel and the Principle of Its Development contain?

Chapter 7 holds 353 sentences of The English Novel and the Principle of Its Development, unabridged, divided into 71 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 7 of The English Novel and the Principle of Its Development by Sidney Lanier exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 353 sentences, grouped into 71 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 7 of The English Novel and the Principle of Its Development?

Work through the 71 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 71 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 7 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 7 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The English Novel and the Principle of Its Development

Common questions about reading The English Novel and the Principle of Its Development by Sidney Lanier on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The English Novel and the Principle of Its Development?

Yes. All 2705 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #39200 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The English Novel and the Principle of Its Development is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #39200, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The English Novel and the Principle of Its Development take to read?

About 225 minutes of reading across 541 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The English Novel and the Principle of Its Development section by section

How to work through The English Novel and the Principle of Its Development section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 7 chapters of The English Novel and the Principle of Its Development to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The English Novel and the Principle of Its Development

Words and structures a reader meets early in The English Novel and the Principle of Its Development, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Grant
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The English Novel and the Principle of Its Development; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Faires
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The English Novel and the Principle of Its Development; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Rodgers
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The English Novel and the Principle of Its Development; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Philadelphia
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The English Novel and the Principle of Its Development; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.