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The English works of Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury — Volume 03
The English works of Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury — Volume 03

Chapter VII

Chapter 7 of The English works of Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury — Volume 03 is here in full — 35 sentences across 7 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The English works of Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury — Volume 03
Context Illustration Reading 1/7 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
OF THE ENDS, OR RESOLUTIONS OF DISCOURSE.
Of all _discourse_, governed by desire of knowledge, there is at last an _end_, either by attaining, or by giving over.
And in the chain of discourse, wheresoever it be interrupted, there is an end for that time.
If the discourse be merely mental, it consisteth of thoughts that the thing will be, and will not be; or that it has been, and has not been, alternately.
So that wheresoever you break off the chain of a man’s discourse, you leave him in a presumption of _it will be_, or, _it will not be_; or, _it has been_, or, _has not been_.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The English works of Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury — Volume 03

Chapter VII

Chapter 7 of The English works of Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury — Volume 03 is here in full — 35 sentences across 7 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/7 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
OF THE ENDS, OR RESOLUTIONS OF DISCOURSE.
/ʌv ðə endz ɔːr ˌrezəˈluːʃənz ʌv ˈdɪskɔːrs/
Line 2
Of all _discourse_, governed by desire of knowledge, there is at last an _end_, either by attaining, or by giving over.
/ʌv ɔːl ˈdɪskɔːrs ˈɡʌvərnd baɪ dɪˈzaɪər ʌv ˈnɑːlədʒ ðer ɪz æt læst æn end ˈiːðər baɪ əˈteɪnɪŋ ɔːr baɪ ˈɡɪvɪŋ ˈoʊvər/
Line 3
And in the chain of discourse, wheresoever it be interrupted, there is an end for that time.
Line 4
If the discourse be merely mental, it consisteth of thoughts that the thing will be, and will not be; or that it has been, and has not been, alternately.
Line 5
So that wheresoever you break off the chain of a man’s discourse, you leave him in a presumption of _it will be_, or, _it will not be_; or, _it has been_, or, _has not been_.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

alternately adverb US /ˈɔːltərnətli/

in an alternating sequence or position

From this reading “If the discourse be merely mental, it consisteth of thoughts that the thing will be, and will not be; or that it has been, and has not been, alternately.”

attaining verb US /əˈteɪnɪŋ/

-ing form of “attain” — to gain with effort

From this reading “Of all _discourse_, governed by desire of knowledge, there is at last an _end_, either by attaining, or by giving over.”

chain noun US /tʃeɪn/

a series of things depending on each other as if linked together

From this reading “And in the chain of discourse, wheresoever it be interrupted, there is an end for that time.”

discourse noun US /ˈdɪskɔːrs/

extended verbal expression in speech or writing

From this reading “OF THE ENDS, OR RESOLUTIONS OF DISCOURSE.”

governed noun US /ˈɡʌvərnd/

the body of people who are citizens of a particular government

From this reading “Of all _discourse_, governed by desire of knowledge, there is at last an _end_, either by attaining, or by giving over.”

mental adjective US /ˈmentəl/

involving the mind or an intellectual process

From this reading “If the discourse be merely mental, it consisteth of thoughts that the thing will be, and will not be; or that it has been, and has not been, alternately.”

presumption noun US /prɪˈzʌmpʃən/

an assumption that is taken for granted

From this reading “So that wheresoever you break off the chain of a man’s discourse, you leave him in a presumption of _it will be_, or, _it will not be_; or, _it has been_, or, _has not been_.”

resolutions noun US /ˌrezəˈluːʃənz/

plural of “resolution” — a formal expression by a meeting; agreed to by a vote

From this reading “OF THE ENDS, OR RESOLUTIONS OF DISCOURSE.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

break off verb + particle

interrupt before its natural or planned end

In this reading “So that wheresoever you break off the chain of a man’s discourse, you leave him in a presumption of _it will be_, or, _it will not be_; or, _it has been_, or, _has not been_.”

by giving preposition + noun

In this reading “Of all _discourse_, governed by desire of knowledge, there is at last an _end_, either by attaining, or by giving over.”

All words in this reading · 51

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading So that wheresoever you break off the chain of a man’s discourse, you leave him in a presumption of _it will be_, or, _it will not be_; or, _it has been_, or, _has not been_.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Of all _discourse_, governed by desire of knowledge, there is at last an _end_, either by attaining, or by giving over.

alternatelyadverbUS /ˈɔːltərnətli/

in an alternating sequence or position

From this reading If the discourse be merely mental, it consisteth of thoughts that the thing will be, and will not be; or that it has been, and has not been, alternately.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Of all _discourse_, governed by desire of knowledge, there is at last an _end_, either by attaining, or by giving over.

AndconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading And in the chain of discourse, wheresoever it be interrupted, there is an end for that time.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Of all _discourse_, governed by desire of knowledge, there is at last an _end_, either by attaining, or by giving over.

attainingverbUS /əˈteɪnɪŋ/

-ing form of “attain” — to gain with effort

From this reading Of all _discourse_, governed by desire of knowledge, there is at last an _end_, either by attaining, or by giving over.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading And in the chain of discourse, wheresoever it be interrupted, there is an end for that time.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading If the discourse be merely mental, it consisteth of thoughts that the thing will be, and will not be; or that it has been, and has not been, alternately.

breakverbUS /breɪk/

terminate

From this reading So that wheresoever you break off the chain of a man’s discourse, you leave him in a presumption of _it will be_, or, _it will not be_; or, _it has been_, or, _has not been_.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Of all _discourse_, governed by desire of knowledge, there is at last an _end_, either by attaining, or by giving over.

chainnounUS /tʃeɪn/

a series of things depending on each other as if linked together

From this reading And in the chain of discourse, wheresoever it be interrupted, there is an end for that time.

consisteth

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If the discourse be merely mental, it consisteth of thoughts that the thing will be, and will not be; or that it has been, and has not been, alternately.

desirenounUS /dɪˈzaɪər/

the feeling that accompanies an unsatisfied state

From this reading Of all _discourse_, governed by desire of knowledge, there is at last an _end_, either by attaining, or by giving over.

DISCOURSEnounUS /ˈdɪskɔːrs/

extended verbal expression in speech or writing

From this reading OF THE ENDS, OR RESOLUTIONS OF DISCOURSE.

eitherdeterminerUS /ˈiːðər/

one or the other of two

From this reading Of all _discourse_, governed by desire of knowledge, there is at last an _end_, either by attaining, or by giving over.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading Of all _discourse_, governed by desire of knowledge, there is at last an _end_, either by attaining, or by giving over.

ENDSnounUS /endz/

plural of “end” — either extremity of something that has length

From this reading OF THE ENDS, OR RESOLUTIONS OF DISCOURSE.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading And in the chain of discourse, wheresoever it be interrupted, there is an end for that time.

givingnounUS /ˈɡɪvɪŋ/

the act of giving

From this reading Of all _discourse_, governed by desire of knowledge, there is at last an _end_, either by attaining, or by giving over.

governednounUS /ˈɡʌvərnd/

the body of people who are citizens of a particular government

From this reading Of all _discourse_, governed by desire of knowledge, there is at last an _end_, either by attaining, or by giving over.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading If the discourse be merely mental, it consisteth of thoughts that the thing will be, and will not be; or that it has been, and has not been, alternately.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading So that wheresoever you break off the chain of a man’s discourse, you leave him in a presumption of _it will be_, or, _it will not be_; or, _it has been_, or, _has not been_.

IfconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading If the discourse be merely mental, it consisteth of thoughts that the thing will be, and will not be; or that it has been, and has not been, alternately.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading And in the chain of discourse, wheresoever it be interrupted, there is an end for that time.

interruptedadjectiveUS /ˌɪntərˈʌptɪd/

discontinued temporarily

From this reading And in the chain of discourse, wheresoever it be interrupted, there is an end for that time.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Of all _discourse_, governed by desire of knowledge, there is at last an _end_, either by attaining, or by giving over.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading And in the chain of discourse, wheresoever it be interrupted, there is an end for that time.

knowledgenounUS /ˈnɑːlədʒ/

the psychological result of perception and learning and reasoning

From this reading Of all _discourse_, governed by desire of knowledge, there is at last an _end_, either by attaining, or by giving over.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading Of all _discourse_, governed by desire of knowledge, there is at last an _end_, either by attaining, or by giving over.

leaveverbUS /liːv/

go away from a place

From this reading So that wheresoever you break off the chain of a man’s discourse, you leave him in a presumption of _it will be_, or, _it will not be_; or, _it has been_, or, _has not been_.

man'snounUS /mænz/

possessive form of “man” — an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading So that wheresoever you break off the chain of a man’s discourse, you leave him in a presumption of _it will be_, or, _it will not be_; or, _it has been_, or, _has not been_.

mentaladjectiveUS /ˈmentəl/

involving the mind or an intellectual process

From this reading If the discourse be merely mental, it consisteth of thoughts that the thing will be, and will not be; or that it has been, and has not been, alternately.

merelyadverbUS /ˈmɪrli/

and nothing more

From this reading If the discourse be merely mental, it consisteth of thoughts that the thing will be, and will not be; or that it has been, and has not been, alternately.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading If the discourse be merely mental, it consisteth of thoughts that the thing will be, and will not be; or that it has been, and has not been, alternately.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading OF THE ENDS, OR RESOLUTIONS OF DISCOURSE.

offadverbUS /ɔːf/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading So that wheresoever you break off the chain of a man’s discourse, you leave him in a presumption of _it will be_, or, _it will not be_; or, _it has been_, or, _has not been_.

ORconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading OF THE ENDS, OR RESOLUTIONS OF DISCOURSE.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading Of all _discourse_, governed by desire of knowledge, there is at last an _end_, either by attaining, or by giving over.

presumptionnounUS /prɪˈzʌmpʃən/

an assumption that is taken for granted

From this reading So that wheresoever you break off the chain of a man’s discourse, you leave him in a presumption of _it will be_, or, _it will not be_; or, _it has been_, or, _has not been_.

RESOLUTIONSnounUS /ˌrezəˈluːʃənz/

plural of “resolution” — a formal expression by a meeting; agreed to by a vote

From this reading OF THE ENDS, OR RESOLUTIONS OF DISCOURSE.

SoconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading So that wheresoever you break off the chain of a man’s discourse, you leave him in a presumption of _it will be_, or, _it will not be_; or, _it has been_, or, _has not been_.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading And in the chain of discourse, wheresoever it be interrupted, there is an end for that time.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading OF THE ENDS, OR RESOLUTIONS OF DISCOURSE.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading Of all _discourse_, governed by desire of knowledge, there is at last an _end_, either by attaining, or by giving over.

thingnounUS /θɪŋ/

a special situation

From this reading If the discourse be merely mental, it consisteth of thoughts that the thing will be, and will not be; or that it has been, and has not been, alternately.

thoughtsnounUS /θɔːts/

plural of “thought” — the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading If the discourse be merely mental, it consisteth of thoughts that the thing will be, and will not be; or that it has been, and has not been, alternately.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading And in the chain of discourse, wheresoever it be interrupted, there is an end for that time.

wheresoeveradverb

where in the world

From this reading And in the chain of discourse, wheresoever it be interrupted, there is an end for that time.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading If the discourse be merely mental, it consisteth of thoughts that the thing will be, and will not be; or that it has been, and has not been, alternately.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading So that wheresoever you break off the chain of a man’s discourse, you leave him in a presumption of _it will be_, or, _it will not be_; or, _it has been_, or, _has not been_.

Chapter 7 of The English works of Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury — Volume 03 by Thomas Hobbes holds 35 sentences, grouped into 7 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 7 of The English works of Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury — Volume 03 contain?

Chapter 7 holds 35 sentences of The English works of Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury — Volume 03, unabridged, divided into 7 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 7 of The English works of Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury — Volume 03 by Thomas Hobbes exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 35 sentences, grouped into 7 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 7 of The English works of Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury — Volume 03?

Work through the 7 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 7 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 7 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 7 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #73957, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 536 minutes of reading across 1289 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in The English works of Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury — Volume 03

Words and structures a reader meets early in The English works of Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury — Volume 03, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Version
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The English works of Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury — Volume 03; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Cannot
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The English works of Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury — Volume 03; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Represent
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The English works of Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury — Volume 03; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Certain
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The English works of Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury — Volume 03; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.