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The Entail
The Entail

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of The Entail is here in full — 64 sentences across 13 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/12 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
For several years after the birth of Walter, no event of any consequence happened in the affairs of Claud.
He continued to persevere in the parsimonious system which had so far advanced his fortune.
His wife was no less industrious on her part, for, in the meantime, she presented him with a daughter and another son, and had reared calves and grumphies innumerable, the profit of which, as she often said, was as good as the meal and malt o’ the family.
By their united care and endeavours, Grippy thus became one of the wealthiest men of that age in Glasgow; but although different desirable opportunities presented themselves for investing his money in other and more valuable land, he kept it ever ready to redeem any portion of his ancestral estate that might be offered for sale.
The satisfaction which he enjoyed from his accumulative prospects was not, however, without a mixture of that anxiety with which the cup of human prosperity, whether really full, or only foaming, is always embittered.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Entail

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of The Entail is here in full — 64 sentences across 13 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/12 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
For several years after the birth of Walter, no event of any consequence happened in the affairs of Claud.
Line 2
He continued to persevere in the parsimonious system which had so far advanced his fortune.
/hiː kənˈtɪnjuːd tuː pərsəˈvɪr ɪn ðə ˌpɑːrsəˈmoʊniəs ˈsɪstəm wɪtʃ hæd soʊ fɑːr ədˈvænst hɪz ˈfɔːrtʃən/
Line 3
His wife was no less industrious on her part, for, in the meantime, she presented him with a daughter and another son, and had reared calves and grumphies innumerable, the profit of which, as she often said, was as good as the meal and malt o’ the family.
Line 4
By their united care and endeavours, Grippy thus became one of the wealthiest men of that age in Glasgow; but although different desirable opportunities presented themselves for investing his money in other and more valuable land, he kept it ever ready to redeem any portion of his ancestral estate that might be offered for sale.
Line 5
The satisfaction which he enjoyed from his accumulative prospects was not, however, without a mixture of that anxiety with which the cup of human prosperity, whether really full, or only foaming, is always embittered.
/ðə ˌsætəˈsfækʃən wɪtʃ hiː ˌenˈdʒɔɪd frʌm hɪz əˈkjuːmjəleɪtɪv ˈprɑːspekts wɑːz nɑːt ˌhaʊˈevər wɪˈθaʊt ə ˈmɪkstʃər ʌv ðæt æŋˈzaɪəti wɪð wɪtʃ ðə kʌp ʌv ˈhjuːmən prɑːˈsperəti ˈweðər ˈrɪli fʊl ɔːr ˈoʊnli ˈfoʊmɪŋ ɪz ˈɔːlweɪz emˈbɪtərd/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

accumulative adjective US /əˈkjuːmjəleɪtɪv/

increasing by successive addition

From this reading “The satisfaction which he enjoyed from his accumulative prospects was not, however, without a mixture of that anxiety with which the cup of human prosperity, whether really full, or only foaming, is always embittered.”

ancestral adjective US /ænˈsestrəl/

inherited or inheritable by established rules (usually legal rules) of descent

From this reading “By their united care and endeavours, Grippy thus became one of the wealthiest men of that age in Glasgow; but although different desirable opportunities presented themselves for investing his money in other and more valuable land, he kept it ever ready to redeem any portion of his ancestral estate that might be offered for sale.”

embittered verb US /emˈbɪtərd/

past form of “embitter” — cause to be bitter or resentful

From this reading “The satisfaction which he enjoyed from his accumulative prospects was not, however, without a mixture of that anxiety with which the cup of human prosperity, whether really full, or only foaming, is always embittered.”

investing noun US /ˌɪnˈvestɪŋ/

the act of investing; laying out money or capital in an enterprise with the expectation of profit

From this reading “By their united care and endeavours, Grippy thus became one of the wealthiest men of that age in Glasgow; but although different desirable opportunities presented themselves for investing his money in other and more valuable land, he kept it ever ready to redeem any portion of his ancestral estate that might be offered for sale.”

malt verb US /mɔːlt/

treat with malt or malt extract

From this reading “His wife was no less industrious on her part, for, in the meantime, she presented him with a daughter and another son, and had reared calves and grumphies innumerable, the profit of which, as she often said, was as good as the meal and malt o’ the family.”

parsimonious adjective US /ˌpɑːrsəˈmoʊniəs/

excessively unwilling to spend

From this reading “He continued to persevere in the parsimonious system which had so far advanced his fortune.”

persevere verb US /pərsəˈvɪr/

be persistent, refuse to stop

From this reading “He continued to persevere in the parsimonious system which had so far advanced his fortune.”

wealthiest adjective US /ˈwelθiəst/

superlative of “wealthy” — having an abundant supply of money or possessions of value

From this reading “By their united care and endeavours, Grippy thus became one of the wealthiest men of that age in Glasgow; but although different desirable opportunities presented themselves for investing his money in other and more valuable land, he kept it ever ready to redeem any portion of his ancestral estate that might be offered for sale.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

far advanced adverb + adjective

In this reading “He continued to persevere in the parsimonious system which had so far advanced his fortune.”

several years adjective + noun

In this reading “For several years after the birth of Walter, no event of any consequence happened in the affairs of Claud.”

in the meantime preposition + article + noun counted as “in … meantime”

during the intervening time

In this reading “His wife was no less industrious on her part, for, in the meantime, she presented him with a daughter and another son, and had reared calves and grumphies innumerable, the profit of which, as she often said, was as good as the meal and malt o’ the family.”

for sale preposition + noun

available for purchase

In this reading “By their united care and endeavours, Grippy thus became one of the wealthiest men of that age in Glasgow; but although different desirable opportunities presented themselves for investing his money in other and more valuable land, he kept it ever ready to redeem any portion of his ancestral estate that might be offered for sale.”

persevere in verb + particle

In this reading “He continued to persevere in the parsimonious system which had so far advanced his fortune.”

ever ready adverb + adjective

In this reading “By their united care and endeavours, Grippy thus became one of the wealthiest men of that age in Glasgow; but although different desirable opportunities presented themselves for investing his money in other and more valuable land, he kept it ever ready to redeem any portion of his ancestral estate that might be offered for sale.”

All words in this reading · 119

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading His wife was no less industrious on her part, for, in the meantime, she presented him with a daughter and another son, and had reared calves and grumphies innumerable, the profit of which, as she often said, was as good as the meal and malt o’ the family.

accumulativeadjectiveUS /əˈkjuːmjəleɪtɪv/

increasing by successive addition

From this reading The satisfaction which he enjoyed from his accumulative prospects was not, however, without a mixture of that anxiety with which the cup of human prosperity, whether really full, or only foaming, is always embittered.

advancedadjectiveUS /ədˈvænst/

farther along in physical or mental development

From this reading He continued to persevere in the parsimonious system which had so far advanced his fortune.

affairsnounUS /əˈferz/

matters of personal concern

From this reading For several years after the birth of Walter, no event of any consequence happened in the affairs of Claud.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading For several years after the birth of Walter, no event of any consequence happened in the affairs of Claud.

agenounUS /eɪdʒ/

how long something has existed

From this reading By their united care and endeavours, Grippy thus became one of the wealthiest men of that age in Glasgow; but although different desirable opportunities presented themselves for investing his money in other and more valuable land, he kept it ever ready to redeem any portion of his ancestral estate that might be offered for sale.

althoughconjunctionUS /ˌɔːlˈðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading By their united care and endeavours, Grippy thus became one of the wealthiest men of that age in Glasgow; but although different desirable opportunities presented themselves for investing his money in other and more valuable land, he kept it ever ready to redeem any portion of his ancestral estate that might be offered for sale.

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading The satisfaction which he enjoyed from his accumulative prospects was not, however, without a mixture of that anxiety with which the cup of human prosperity, whether really full, or only foaming, is always embittered.

ancestraladjectiveUS /ænˈsestrəl/

inherited or inheritable by established rules (usually legal rules) of descent

From this reading By their united care and endeavours, Grippy thus became one of the wealthiest men of that age in Glasgow; but although different desirable opportunities presented themselves for investing his money in other and more valuable land, he kept it ever ready to redeem any portion of his ancestral estate that might be offered for sale.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading His wife was no less industrious on her part, for, in the meantime, she presented him with a daughter and another son, and had reared calves and grumphies innumerable, the profit of which, as she often said, was as good as the meal and malt o’ the family.

anotherdeterminerUS /əˈnʌðər/

one more of the same kind, or a different one

From this reading His wife was no less industrious on her part, for, in the meantime, she presented him with a daughter and another son, and had reared calves and grumphies innumerable, the profit of which, as she often said, was as good as the meal and malt o’ the family.

anxietynounUS /æŋˈzaɪəti/

(psychiatry) a relatively permanent state of worry and nervousness occurring in a variety of mental disorders, usually accompanied by compulsive behavior or attacks of panic

From this reading The satisfaction which he enjoyed from his accumulative prospects was not, however, without a mixture of that anxiety with which the cup of human prosperity, whether really full, or only foaming, is always embittered.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading For several years after the birth of Walter, no event of any consequence happened in the affairs of Claud.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading His wife was no less industrious on her part, for, in the meantime, she presented him with a daughter and another son, and had reared calves and grumphies innumerable, the profit of which, as she often said, was as good as the meal and malt o’ the family.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading By their united care and endeavours, Grippy thus became one of the wealthiest men of that age in Glasgow; but although different desirable opportunities presented themselves for investing his money in other and more valuable land, he kept it ever ready to redeem any portion of his ancestral estate that might be offered for sale.

becameverbUS /bɪˈkeɪm/

inflected form of “become” — enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading By their united care and endeavours, Grippy thus became one of the wealthiest men of that age in Glasgow; but although different desirable opportunities presented themselves for investing his money in other and more valuable land, he kept it ever ready to redeem any portion of his ancestral estate that might be offered for sale.

birthnounUS /bɜːrθ/

the time when something begins (especially life)

From this reading For several years after the birth of Walter, no event of any consequence happened in the affairs of Claud.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading By their united care and endeavours, Grippy thus became one of the wealthiest men of that age in Glasgow; but although different desirable opportunities presented themselves for investing his money in other and more valuable land, he kept it ever ready to redeem any portion of his ancestral estate that might be offered for sale.

ByprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading By their united care and endeavours, Grippy thus became one of the wealthiest men of that age in Glasgow; but although different desirable opportunities presented themselves for investing his money in other and more valuable land, he kept it ever ready to redeem any portion of his ancestral estate that might be offered for sale.

calvesnounUS /kævz/

plural of “calf” — young of domestic cattle

From this reading His wife was no less industrious on her part, for, in the meantime, she presented him with a daughter and another son, and had reared calves and grumphies innumerable, the profit of which, as she often said, was as good as the meal and malt o’ the family.

carenounUS /ker/

the work of providing treatment for or attending to someone or something

From this reading By their united care and endeavours, Grippy thus became one of the wealthiest men of that age in Glasgow; but although different desirable opportunities presented themselves for investing his money in other and more valuable land, he kept it ever ready to redeem any portion of his ancestral estate that might be offered for sale.

Claud

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For several years after the birth of Walter, no event of any consequence happened in the affairs of Claud.

consequencenounUS /ˈkɑːnsəkwəns/

a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading For several years after the birth of Walter, no event of any consequence happened in the affairs of Claud.

continuedadjectiveUS /kənˈtɪnjuːd/

without stop or interruption

From this reading He continued to persevere in the parsimonious system which had so far advanced his fortune.

cupnounUS /kʌp/

a small open container usually used for drinking; usually has a handle

From this reading The satisfaction which he enjoyed from his accumulative prospects was not, however, without a mixture of that anxiety with which the cup of human prosperity, whether really full, or only foaming, is always embittered.

daughternounUS /ˈdɔːtər/

a female human offspring

From this reading His wife was no less industrious on her part, for, in the meantime, she presented him with a daughter and another son, and had reared calves and grumphies innumerable, the profit of which, as she often said, was as good as the meal and malt o’ the family.

desirableadjectiveUS /dɪˈzaɪrəbəl/

worth having or seeking or achieving

From this reading By their united care and endeavours, Grippy thus became one of the wealthiest men of that age in Glasgow; but although different desirable opportunities presented themselves for investing his money in other and more valuable land, he kept it ever ready to redeem any portion of his ancestral estate that might be offered for sale.

differentadjectiveUS /ˈdɪfərənt/

unlike in nature or quality or form or degree

From this reading By their united care and endeavours, Grippy thus became one of the wealthiest men of that age in Glasgow; but although different desirable opportunities presented themselves for investing his money in other and more valuable land, he kept it ever ready to redeem any portion of his ancestral estate that might be offered for sale.

embitteredverbUS /emˈbɪtərd/

past form of “embitter” — cause to be bitter or resentful

From this reading The satisfaction which he enjoyed from his accumulative prospects was not, however, without a mixture of that anxiety with which the cup of human prosperity, whether really full, or only foaming, is always embittered.

endeavours

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading By their united care and endeavours, Grippy thus became one of the wealthiest men of that age in Glasgow; but although different desirable opportunities presented themselves for investing his money in other and more valuable land, he kept it ever ready to redeem any portion of his ancestral estate that might be offered for sale.

enjoyedverbUS /ˌenˈdʒɔɪd/

past form of “enjoy” — derive or receive pleasure from; get enjoyment from; take pleasure in

From this reading The satisfaction which he enjoyed from his accumulative prospects was not, however, without a mixture of that anxiety with which the cup of human prosperity, whether really full, or only foaming, is always embittered.

estatenounUS /ɪˈsteɪt/

everything you own; all of your assets (whether real property or personal property) and liabilities

From this reading By their united care and endeavours, Grippy thus became one of the wealthiest men of that age in Glasgow; but although different desirable opportunities presented themselves for investing his money in other and more valuable land, he kept it ever ready to redeem any portion of his ancestral estate that might be offered for sale.

eventnounUS /ɪˈvent/

something that happens at a given place and time

From this reading For several years after the birth of Walter, no event of any consequence happened in the affairs of Claud.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading By their united care and endeavours, Grippy thus became one of the wealthiest men of that age in Glasgow; but although different desirable opportunities presented themselves for investing his money in other and more valuable land, he kept it ever ready to redeem any portion of his ancestral estate that might be offered for sale.

familynounUS /ˈfæməli/

a social unit living together

From this reading His wife was no less industrious on her part, for, in the meantime, she presented him with a daughter and another son, and had reared calves and grumphies innumerable, the profit of which, as she often said, was as good as the meal and malt o’ the family.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading He continued to persevere in the parsimonious system which had so far advanced his fortune.

foamingadjectiveUS /ˈfoʊmɪŋ/

emitting or filled with bubbles as from carbonation or fermentation

From this reading The satisfaction which he enjoyed from his accumulative prospects was not, however, without a mixture of that anxiety with which the cup of human prosperity, whether really full, or only foaming, is always embittered.

ForprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading For several years after the birth of Walter, no event of any consequence happened in the affairs of Claud.

fortunenounUS /ˈfɔːrtʃən/

an unknown and unpredictable phenomenon that causes an event to result one way rather than another

From this reading He continued to persevere in the parsimonious system which had so far advanced his fortune.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The satisfaction which he enjoyed from his accumulative prospects was not, however, without a mixture of that anxiety with which the cup of human prosperity, whether really full, or only foaming, is always embittered.

fulladjectiveUS /fʊl/

containing as much or as many as is possible or normal

From this reading The satisfaction which he enjoyed from his accumulative prospects was not, however, without a mixture of that anxiety with which the cup of human prosperity, whether really full, or only foaming, is always embittered.

GlasgownounUS /ˈɡlæskoʊ/

largest city in Scotland; a port on the Clyde in west central Scotland; one of the great shipbuilding centers of the world

From this reading By their united care and endeavours, Grippy thus became one of the wealthiest men of that age in Glasgow; but although different desirable opportunities presented themselves for investing his money in other and more valuable land, he kept it ever ready to redeem any portion of his ancestral estate that might be offered for sale.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading His wife was no less industrious on her part, for, in the meantime, she presented him with a daughter and another son, and had reared calves and grumphies innumerable, the profit of which, as she often said, was as good as the meal and malt o’ the family.

Grippy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading By their united care and endeavours, Grippy thus became one of the wealthiest men of that age in Glasgow; but although different desirable opportunities presented themselves for investing his money in other and more valuable land, he kept it ever ready to redeem any portion of his ancestral estate that might be offered for sale.

grumphies

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His wife was no less industrious on her part, for, in the meantime, she presented him with a daughter and another son, and had reared calves and grumphies innumerable, the profit of which, as she often said, was as good as the meal and malt o’ the family.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading He continued to persevere in the parsimonious system which had so far advanced his fortune.

happenedverbUS /ˈhæpənd/

past form of “happen” — come to pass

From this reading For several years after the birth of Walter, no event of any consequence happened in the affairs of Claud.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He continued to persevere in the parsimonious system which had so far advanced his fortune.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading His wife was no less industrious on her part, for, in the meantime, she presented him with a daughter and another son, and had reared calves and grumphies innumerable, the profit of which, as she often said, was as good as the meal and malt o’ the family.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading His wife was no less industrious on her part, for, in the meantime, she presented him with a daughter and another son, and had reared calves and grumphies innumerable, the profit of which, as she often said, was as good as the meal and malt o’ the family.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading He continued to persevere in the parsimonious system which had so far advanced his fortune.

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading The satisfaction which he enjoyed from his accumulative prospects was not, however, without a mixture of that anxiety with which the cup of human prosperity, whether really full, or only foaming, is always embittered.

humanadjectiveUS /ˈhjuːmən/

characteristic of humanity

From this reading The satisfaction which he enjoyed from his accumulative prospects was not, however, without a mixture of that anxiety with which the cup of human prosperity, whether really full, or only foaming, is always embittered.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading For several years after the birth of Walter, no event of any consequence happened in the affairs of Claud.

industriousadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈdʌstriəs/

characterized by hard work and perseverance

From this reading His wife was no less industrious on her part, for, in the meantime, she presented him with a daughter and another son, and had reared calves and grumphies innumerable, the profit of which, as she often said, was as good as the meal and malt o’ the family.

innumerableadjectiveUS /ˌɪˈnuːmərəbəl/

too numerous to be counted

From this reading His wife was no less industrious on her part, for, in the meantime, she presented him with a daughter and another son, and had reared calves and grumphies innumerable, the profit of which, as she often said, was as good as the meal and malt o’ the family.

investingnounUS /ˌɪnˈvestɪŋ/

the act of investing; laying out money or capital in an enterprise with the expectation of profit

From this reading By their united care and endeavours, Grippy thus became one of the wealthiest men of that age in Glasgow; but although different desirable opportunities presented themselves for investing his money in other and more valuable land, he kept it ever ready to redeem any portion of his ancestral estate that might be offered for sale.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The satisfaction which he enjoyed from his accumulative prospects was not, however, without a mixture of that anxiety with which the cup of human prosperity, whether really full, or only foaming, is always embittered.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading By their united care and endeavours, Grippy thus became one of the wealthiest men of that age in Glasgow; but although different desirable opportunities presented themselves for investing his money in other and more valuable land, he kept it ever ready to redeem any portion of his ancestral estate that might be offered for sale.

keptadjectiveUS /kept/

(especially of promises or contracts) not violated or disregarded

From this reading By their united care and endeavours, Grippy thus became one of the wealthiest men of that age in Glasgow; but although different desirable opportunities presented themselves for investing his money in other and more valuable land, he kept it ever ready to redeem any portion of his ancestral estate that might be offered for sale.

landnounUS /lænd/

the land on which real estate is located

From this reading By their united care and endeavours, Grippy thus became one of the wealthiest men of that age in Glasgow; but although different desirable opportunities presented themselves for investing his money in other and more valuable land, he kept it ever ready to redeem any portion of his ancestral estate that might be offered for sale.

lessadverbUS /les/

used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs

From this reading His wife was no less industrious on her part, for, in the meantime, she presented him with a daughter and another son, and had reared calves and grumphies innumerable, the profit of which, as she often said, was as good as the meal and malt o’ the family.

maltverbUS /mɔːlt/

treat with malt or malt extract

From this reading His wife was no less industrious on her part, for, in the meantime, she presented him with a daughter and another son, and had reared calves and grumphies innumerable, the profit of which, as she often said, was as good as the meal and malt o’ the family.

mealnounUS /miːl/

the food served and eaten at one time

From this reading His wife was no less industrious on her part, for, in the meantime, she presented him with a daughter and another son, and had reared calves and grumphies innumerable, the profit of which, as she often said, was as good as the meal and malt o’ the family.

meantimenounUS /ˈmiːntaɪm/

the time between one event, process, or period and another

From this reading His wife was no less industrious on her part, for, in the meantime, she presented him with a daughter and another son, and had reared calves and grumphies innumerable, the profit of which, as she often said, was as good as the meal and malt o’ the family.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading By their united care and endeavours, Grippy thus became one of the wealthiest men of that age in Glasgow; but although different desirable opportunities presented themselves for investing his money in other and more valuable land, he kept it ever ready to redeem any portion of his ancestral estate that might be offered for sale.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading By their united care and endeavours, Grippy thus became one of the wealthiest men of that age in Glasgow; but although different desirable opportunities presented themselves for investing his money in other and more valuable land, he kept it ever ready to redeem any portion of his ancestral estate that might be offered for sale.

mixturenounUS /ˈmɪkstʃər/

(chemistry) a substance consisting of two or more substances mixed together (not in fixed proportions and not with chemical bonding)

From this reading The satisfaction which he enjoyed from his accumulative prospects was not, however, without a mixture of that anxiety with which the cup of human prosperity, whether really full, or only foaming, is always embittered.

moneynounUS /ˈmʌni/

the most common medium of exchange; functions as legal tender

From this reading By their united care and endeavours, Grippy thus became one of the wealthiest men of that age in Glasgow; but although different desirable opportunities presented themselves for investing his money in other and more valuable land, he kept it ever ready to redeem any portion of his ancestral estate that might be offered for sale.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading By their united care and endeavours, Grippy thus became one of the wealthiest men of that age in Glasgow; but although different desirable opportunities presented themselves for investing his money in other and more valuable land, he kept it ever ready to redeem any portion of his ancestral estate that might be offered for sale.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading For several years after the birth of Walter, no event of any consequence happened in the affairs of Claud.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading The satisfaction which he enjoyed from his accumulative prospects was not, however, without a mixture of that anxiety with which the cup of human prosperity, whether really full, or only foaming, is always embittered.

onounUS /oʊ/

a nonmetallic bivalent element that is normally a colorless odorless tasteless nonflammable diatomic gas; constitutes 21 percent of the atmosphere by volume; the most abundant element in the earth's crust

From this reading His wife was no less industrious on her part, for, in the meantime, she presented him with a daughter and another son, and had reared calves and grumphies innumerable, the profit of which, as she often said, was as good as the meal and malt o’ the family.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading For several years after the birth of Walter, no event of any consequence happened in the affairs of Claud.

offeredverbUS /ˈɔːfərd/

past form of “offer” — make available or accessible, provide or furnish

From this reading By their united care and endeavours, Grippy thus became one of the wealthiest men of that age in Glasgow; but although different desirable opportunities presented themselves for investing his money in other and more valuable land, he kept it ever ready to redeem any portion of his ancestral estate that might be offered for sale.

oftenadverbUS /ˈɔːfən/

many times at short intervals

From this reading His wife was no less industrious on her part, for, in the meantime, she presented him with a daughter and another son, and had reared calves and grumphies innumerable, the profit of which, as she often said, was as good as the meal and malt o’ the family.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading His wife was no less industrious on her part, for, in the meantime, she presented him with a daughter and another son, and had reared calves and grumphies innumerable, the profit of which, as she often said, was as good as the meal and malt o’ the family.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading By their united care and endeavours, Grippy thus became one of the wealthiest men of that age in Glasgow; but although different desirable opportunities presented themselves for investing his money in other and more valuable land, he kept it ever ready to redeem any portion of his ancestral estate that might be offered for sale.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading The satisfaction which he enjoyed from his accumulative prospects was not, however, without a mixture of that anxiety with which the cup of human prosperity, whether really full, or only foaming, is always embittered.

opportunitiesnounUS /ˌɑːpərˈtuːnətiz/

plural of “opportunity” — a possibility due to a favorable combination of circumstances

From this reading By their united care and endeavours, Grippy thus became one of the wealthiest men of that age in Glasgow; but although different desirable opportunities presented themselves for investing his money in other and more valuable land, he kept it ever ready to redeem any portion of his ancestral estate that might be offered for sale.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading The satisfaction which he enjoyed from his accumulative prospects was not, however, without a mixture of that anxiety with which the cup of human prosperity, whether really full, or only foaming, is always embittered.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading By their united care and endeavours, Grippy thus became one of the wealthiest men of that age in Glasgow; but although different desirable opportunities presented themselves for investing his money in other and more valuable land, he kept it ever ready to redeem any portion of his ancestral estate that might be offered for sale.

parsimoniousadjectiveUS /ˌpɑːrsəˈmoʊniəs/

excessively unwilling to spend

From this reading He continued to persevere in the parsimonious system which had so far advanced his fortune.

partnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading His wife was no less industrious on her part, for, in the meantime, she presented him with a daughter and another son, and had reared calves and grumphies innumerable, the profit of which, as she often said, was as good as the meal and malt o’ the family.

persevereverbUS /pərsəˈvɪr/

be persistent, refuse to stop

From this reading He continued to persevere in the parsimonious system which had so far advanced his fortune.

portionnounUS /ˈpɔːrʃən/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading By their united care and endeavours, Grippy thus became one of the wealthiest men of that age in Glasgow; but although different desirable opportunities presented themselves for investing his money in other and more valuable land, he kept it ever ready to redeem any portion of his ancestral estate that might be offered for sale.

presentedverbUS /priˈzentɪd/

past form of “present” — give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading His wife was no less industrious on her part, for, in the meantime, she presented him with a daughter and another son, and had reared calves and grumphies innumerable, the profit of which, as she often said, was as good as the meal and malt o’ the family.

profitnounUS /ˈprɑːfət/

the excess of revenues over outlays in a given period of time (including depreciation and other non-cash expenses)

From this reading His wife was no less industrious on her part, for, in the meantime, she presented him with a daughter and another son, and had reared calves and grumphies innumerable, the profit of which, as she often said, was as good as the meal and malt o’ the family.

prospectsnounUS /ˈprɑːspekts/

plural of “prospect” — the possibility of future success

From this reading The satisfaction which he enjoyed from his accumulative prospects was not, however, without a mixture of that anxiety with which the cup of human prosperity, whether really full, or only foaming, is always embittered.

prosperitynounUS /prɑːˈsperəti/

an economic state of growth with rising profits and full employment

From this reading The satisfaction which he enjoyed from his accumulative prospects was not, however, without a mixture of that anxiety with which the cup of human prosperity, whether really full, or only foaming, is always embittered.

readyadjectiveUS /ˈredi/

completely prepared or in condition for immediate action or use or progress

From this reading By their united care and endeavours, Grippy thus became one of the wealthiest men of that age in Glasgow; but although different desirable opportunities presented themselves for investing his money in other and more valuable land, he kept it ever ready to redeem any portion of his ancestral estate that might be offered for sale.

reallyadverbUS /ˈrɪli/

in accordance with truth or fact or reality

From this reading The satisfaction which he enjoyed from his accumulative prospects was not, however, without a mixture of that anxiety with which the cup of human prosperity, whether really full, or only foaming, is always embittered.

rearedverbUS /rɪrd/

past form of “rear” — stand up on the hind legs, of quadrupeds

From this reading His wife was no less industrious on her part, for, in the meantime, she presented him with a daughter and another son, and had reared calves and grumphies innumerable, the profit of which, as she often said, was as good as the meal and malt o’ the family.

redeemverbUS /rɪˈdiːm/

save from sins

From this reading By their united care and endeavours, Grippy thus became one of the wealthiest men of that age in Glasgow; but although different desirable opportunities presented themselves for investing his money in other and more valuable land, he kept it ever ready to redeem any portion of his ancestral estate that might be offered for sale.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading His wife was no less industrious on her part, for, in the meantime, she presented him with a daughter and another son, and had reared calves and grumphies innumerable, the profit of which, as she often said, was as good as the meal and malt o’ the family.

salenounUS /seɪl/

a particular instance of selling

From this reading By their united care and endeavours, Grippy thus became one of the wealthiest men of that age in Glasgow; but although different desirable opportunities presented themselves for investing his money in other and more valuable land, he kept it ever ready to redeem any portion of his ancestral estate that might be offered for sale.

satisfactionnounUS /ˌsætəˈsfækʃən/

the contentment one feels when one has fulfilled a desire, need, or expectation

From this reading The satisfaction which he enjoyed from his accumulative prospects was not, however, without a mixture of that anxiety with which the cup of human prosperity, whether really full, or only foaming, is always embittered.

severaladjectiveUS /ˈsevrəl/

(used with count nouns) of an indefinite number more than 2 or 3 but not many

From this reading For several years after the birth of Walter, no event of any consequence happened in the affairs of Claud.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading His wife was no less industrious on her part, for, in the meantime, she presented him with a daughter and another son, and had reared calves and grumphies innumerable, the profit of which, as she often said, was as good as the meal and malt o’ the family.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading He continued to persevere in the parsimonious system which had so far advanced his fortune.

sonnounUS /sʌn/

a male human offspring

From this reading His wife was no less industrious on her part, for, in the meantime, she presented him with a daughter and another son, and had reared calves and grumphies innumerable, the profit of which, as she often said, was as good as the meal and malt o’ the family.

systemnounUS /ˈsɪstəm/

instrumentality that combines interrelated interacting artifacts designed to work as a coherent entity

From this reading He continued to persevere in the parsimonious system which had so far advanced his fortune.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading By their united care and endeavours, Grippy thus became one of the wealthiest men of that age in Glasgow; but although different desirable opportunities presented themselves for investing his money in other and more valuable land, he kept it ever ready to redeem any portion of his ancestral estate that might be offered for sale.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading For several years after the birth of Walter, no event of any consequence happened in the affairs of Claud.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading By their united care and endeavours, Grippy thus became one of the wealthiest men of that age in Glasgow; but although different desirable opportunities presented themselves for investing his money in other and more valuable land, he kept it ever ready to redeem any portion of his ancestral estate that might be offered for sale.

themselvespronounUS /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading By their united care and endeavours, Grippy thus became one of the wealthiest men of that age in Glasgow; but although different desirable opportunities presented themselves for investing his money in other and more valuable land, he kept it ever ready to redeem any portion of his ancestral estate that might be offered for sale.

thusadverbUS /ðʌs/

(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result

From this reading By their united care and endeavours, Grippy thus became one of the wealthiest men of that age in Glasgow; but although different desirable opportunities presented themselves for investing his money in other and more valuable land, he kept it ever ready to redeem any portion of his ancestral estate that might be offered for sale.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading He continued to persevere in the parsimonious system which had so far advanced his fortune.

unitedadjectiveUS /juːˈnaɪtɪd/

characterized by unity; being or joined into a single entity

From this reading By their united care and endeavours, Grippy thus became one of the wealthiest men of that age in Glasgow; but although different desirable opportunities presented themselves for investing his money in other and more valuable land, he kept it ever ready to redeem any portion of his ancestral estate that might be offered for sale.

valuableadjectiveUS /ˈvæljəbəl/

having great material or monetary value especially for use or exchange

From this reading By their united care and endeavours, Grippy thus became one of the wealthiest men of that age in Glasgow; but although different desirable opportunities presented themselves for investing his money in other and more valuable land, he kept it ever ready to redeem any portion of his ancestral estate that might be offered for sale.

WalternounUS /ˈwɔːltər/

German conductor (1876-1962)

From this reading For several years after the birth of Walter, no event of any consequence happened in the affairs of Claud.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading His wife was no less industrious on her part, for, in the meantime, she presented him with a daughter and another son, and had reared calves and grumphies innumerable, the profit of which, as she often said, was as good as the meal and malt o’ the family.

wealthiestadjectiveUS /ˈwelθiəst/

superlative of “wealthy” — having an abundant supply of money or possessions of value

From this reading By their united care and endeavours, Grippy thus became one of the wealthiest men of that age in Glasgow; but although different desirable opportunities presented themselves for investing his money in other and more valuable land, he kept it ever ready to redeem any portion of his ancestral estate that might be offered for sale.

whetherconjunctionUS /ˈweðər/

used to introduce two or more possibilities

From this reading The satisfaction which he enjoyed from his accumulative prospects was not, however, without a mixture of that anxiety with which the cup of human prosperity, whether really full, or only foaming, is always embittered.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading He continued to persevere in the parsimonious system which had so far advanced his fortune.

wifenounUS /waɪf/

a married woman; a man's partner in marriage

From this reading His wife was no less industrious on her part, for, in the meantime, she presented him with a daughter and another son, and had reared calves and grumphies innumerable, the profit of which, as she often said, was as good as the meal and malt o’ the family.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading His wife was no less industrious on her part, for, in the meantime, she presented him with a daughter and another son, and had reared calves and grumphies innumerable, the profit of which, as she often said, was as good as the meal and malt o’ the family.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading The satisfaction which he enjoyed from his accumulative prospects was not, however, without a mixture of that anxiety with which the cup of human prosperity, whether really full, or only foaming, is always embittered.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading For several years after the birth of Walter, no event of any consequence happened in the affairs of Claud.

Chapter 4 of The Entail by John Galt holds 64 sentences, grouped into 13 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of The Entail contain?

Chapter 4 holds 64 sentences of The Entail, unabridged, divided into 13 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of The Entail by John Galt exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 64 sentences, grouped into 13 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of The Entail?

Work through the 13 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 13 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Entail

Common questions about reading The Entail by John Galt on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Entail?

Yes. All 4149 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #44573 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Entail is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #44573, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Entail take to read?

About 345 minutes of reading across 830 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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How to work through The Entail section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 39 chapters of The Entail to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Entail

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Entail, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Https
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Entail; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Oxford
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Entail; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Horace
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Entail; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Printer
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Entail; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.