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The Epic of Paul
The Epic of Paul

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of The Epic of Paul is here in full — 201 sentences across 41 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/40 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
"TO CÆSAR."
Paul, in preferred alternative to being judged, as was proposed, by his murderous fellow-countrymen, appeals to Cæsar.
He is in consequence embarked on a ship for Rome.
With him sail certain kindred and friends of his, young Stephen among them.
Fellow-voyagers with him are also Felix and Drusilla, fallen now from power and under cloud at Rome.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Epic of Paul

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of The Epic of Paul is here in full — 201 sentences across 41 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/40 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
"TO CÆSAR."
Line 2
Paul, in preferred alternative to being judged, as was proposed, by his murderous fellow-countrymen, appeals to Cæsar.
Line 3
He is in consequence embarked on a ship for Rome.
/hiː ɪz ɪn ˈkɑːnsəkwəns emˈbɑːrkt ɑːn ə ʃɪp fɔːr roʊm/
Line 4
With him sail certain kindred and friends of his, young Stephen among them.
/wɪð hɪm seɪl ˈsɜːrtən ˈkɪndrɪd ənd frendz ʌv hɪz jʌŋ ˈstiːvən əˈmʌŋ ðem/
Line 5
Fellow-voyagers with him are also Felix and Drusilla, fallen now from power and under cloud at Rome.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

alternative adjective US /ɔːlˈtɜːrnətɪv/

serving or used in place of another

From this reading “Paul, in preferred alternative to being judged, as was proposed, by his murderous fellow-countrymen, appeals to Cæsar.”

appeals noun US /əˈpiːlz/

plural of “appeal” — earnest or urgent request

From this reading “Paul, in preferred alternative to being judged, as was proposed, by his murderous fellow-countrymen, appeals to Cæsar.”

embarked verb US /emˈbɑːrkt/

past form of “embark” — go on board

From this reading “He is in consequence embarked on a ship for Rome.”

judged verb US /dʒʌdʒd/

past form of “judge” — determine the result of (a competition)

From this reading “Paul, in preferred alternative to being judged, as was proposed, by his murderous fellow-countrymen, appeals to Cæsar.”

kindred adjective US /ˈkɪndrɪd/

similar in quality or character

From this reading “With him sail certain kindred and friends of his, young Stephen among them.”

murderous adjective US /ˈmɜːrdərəs/

characteristic of or capable of or having a tendency toward killing another human being

From this reading “Paul, in preferred alternative to being judged, as was proposed, by his murderous fellow-countrymen, appeals to Cæsar.”

preferred adjective US /prəˈfɜːrd/

more desirable than another

From this reading “Paul, in preferred alternative to being judged, as was proposed, by his murderous fellow-countrymen, appeals to Cæsar.”

Stephen noun US /ˈstiːvən/

English writer (1832-1904)

From this reading “With him sail certain kindred and friends of his, young Stephen among them.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

embarked on verb + particle counted as “embark on”

get off the ground

In this reading “He is in consequence embarked on a ship for Rome.”

in consequence preposition + noun

In this reading “He is in consequence embarked on a ship for Rome.”

All words in this reading · 49

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading He is in consequence embarked on a ship for Rome.

alsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading Fellow-voyagers with him are also Felix and Drusilla, fallen now from power and under cloud at Rome.

alternativeadjectiveUS /ɔːlˈtɜːrnətɪv/

serving or used in place of another

From this reading Paul, in preferred alternative to being judged, as was proposed, by his murderous fellow-countrymen, appeals to Cæsar.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading With him sail certain kindred and friends of his, young Stephen among them.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading With him sail certain kindred and friends of his, young Stephen among them.

appealsnounUS /əˈpiːlz/

plural of “appeal” — earnest or urgent request

From this reading Paul, in preferred alternative to being judged, as was proposed, by his murderous fellow-countrymen, appeals to Cæsar.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Fellow-voyagers with him are also Felix and Drusilla, fallen now from power and under cloud at Rome.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Paul, in preferred alternative to being judged, as was proposed, by his murderous fellow-countrymen, appeals to Cæsar.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Fellow-voyagers with him are also Felix and Drusilla, fallen now from power and under cloud at Rome.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading Paul, in preferred alternative to being judged, as was proposed, by his murderous fellow-countrymen, appeals to Cæsar.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Paul, in preferred alternative to being judged, as was proposed, by his murderous fellow-countrymen, appeals to Cæsar.

certainadjectiveUS /ˈsɜːrtən/

definite but not specified or identified

From this reading With him sail certain kindred and friends of his, young Stephen among them.

cloudverbUS /klaʊd/

make overcast or cloudy

From this reading Fellow-voyagers with him are also Felix and Drusilla, fallen now from power and under cloud at Rome.

consequencenounUS /ˈkɑːnsəkwəns/

a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading He is in consequence embarked on a ship for Rome.

CÆSAR

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "TO CÆSAR."

Drusilla

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Fellow-voyagers with him are also Felix and Drusilla, fallen now from power and under cloud at Rome.

embarkedverbUS /emˈbɑːrkt/

past form of “embark” — go on board

From this reading He is in consequence embarked on a ship for Rome.

fallenadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːlən/

having dropped by the force of gravity

From this reading Fellow-voyagers with him are also Felix and Drusilla, fallen now from power and under cloud at Rome.

Felix

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Fellow-voyagers with him are also Felix and Drusilla, fallen now from power and under cloud at Rome.

fellow-countrymen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Paul, in preferred alternative to being judged, as was proposed, by his murderous fellow-countrymen, appeals to Cæsar.

Fellow-voyagers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Fellow-voyagers with him are also Felix and Drusilla, fallen now from power and under cloud at Rome.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading He is in consequence embarked on a ship for Rome.

friendsnounUS /frendz/

plural of “friend” — a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading With him sail certain kindred and friends of his, young Stephen among them.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Fellow-voyagers with him are also Felix and Drusilla, fallen now from power and under cloud at Rome.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He is in consequence embarked on a ship for Rome.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading With him sail certain kindred and friends of his, young Stephen among them.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Paul, in preferred alternative to being judged, as was proposed, by his murderous fellow-countrymen, appeals to Cæsar.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Paul, in preferred alternative to being judged, as was proposed, by his murderous fellow-countrymen, appeals to Cæsar.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading He is in consequence embarked on a ship for Rome.

judgedverbUS /dʒʌdʒd/

past form of “judge” — determine the result of (a competition)

From this reading Paul, in preferred alternative to being judged, as was proposed, by his murderous fellow-countrymen, appeals to Cæsar.

kindredadjectiveUS /ˈkɪndrɪd/

similar in quality or character

From this reading With him sail certain kindred and friends of his, young Stephen among them.

murderousadjectiveUS /ˈmɜːrdərəs/

characteristic of or capable of or having a tendency toward killing another human being

From this reading Paul, in preferred alternative to being judged, as was proposed, by his murderous fellow-countrymen, appeals to Cæsar.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Fellow-voyagers with him are also Felix and Drusilla, fallen now from power and under cloud at Rome.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading With him sail certain kindred and friends of his, young Stephen among them.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading He is in consequence embarked on a ship for Rome.

PaulnounUS /pɔːl/

United States feminist (1885-1977)

From this reading Paul, in preferred alternative to being judged, as was proposed, by his murderous fellow-countrymen, appeals to Cæsar.

powernounUS /ˈpaʊər/

possession of controlling influence

From this reading Fellow-voyagers with him are also Felix and Drusilla, fallen now from power and under cloud at Rome.

preferredadjectiveUS /prəˈfɜːrd/

more desirable than another

From this reading Paul, in preferred alternative to being judged, as was proposed, by his murderous fellow-countrymen, appeals to Cæsar.

proposedverbUS /prəˈpoʊzd/

past form of “propose” — make a proposal, declare a plan for something

From this reading Paul, in preferred alternative to being judged, as was proposed, by his murderous fellow-countrymen, appeals to Cæsar.

RomenounUS /roʊm/

capital and largest city of Italy; on the Tiber; seat of the Roman Catholic Church; formerly the capital of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire

From this reading He is in consequence embarked on a ship for Rome.

sailverbUS /seɪl/

traverse or travel on (a body of water)

From this reading With him sail certain kindred and friends of his, young Stephen among them.

shipverbUS /ʃɪp/

transport commercially

From this reading He is in consequence embarked on a ship for Rome.

StephennounUS /ˈstiːvən/

English writer (1832-1904)

From this reading With him sail certain kindred and friends of his, young Stephen among them.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading With him sail certain kindred and friends of his, young Stephen among them.

TOparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading "TO CÆSAR."

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading Fellow-voyagers with him are also Felix and Drusilla, fallen now from power and under cloud at Rome.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Paul, in preferred alternative to being judged, as was proposed, by his murderous fellow-countrymen, appeals to Cæsar.

WithprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading With him sail certain kindred and friends of his, young Stephen among them.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading With him sail certain kindred and friends of his, young Stephen among them.

Chapter 8 of The Epic of Paul by William Cleaver Wilkinson holds 201 sentences, grouped into 41 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of The Epic of Paul contain?

Chapter 8 holds 201 sentences of The Epic of Paul, unabridged, divided into 41 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of The Epic of Paul by William Cleaver Wilkinson exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 201 sentences, grouped into 41 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of The Epic of Paul?

Work through the 41 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 41 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Epic of Paul

Common questions about reading The Epic of Paul by William Cleaver Wilkinson on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Epic of Paul?

Yes. All 4050 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #48309 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Epic of Paul is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #48309, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Epic of Paul take to read?

About 337 minutes of reading across 810 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Epic of Paul section by section

How to work through The Epic of Paul section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 25 chapters of The Epic of Paul to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Epic of Paul

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Epic of Paul, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Small
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Epic of Paul; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Capital
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Epic of Paul; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Replaced
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Epic of Paul; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Capitals
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Epic of Paul; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.