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The Eternal City
The Eternal City

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Eternal City is here in full — 396 sentences across 80 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/79 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Author of "The Christian," etc.
"He looked for a city which hath foundations whose builder and maker is God."
Has a novelist a right to alter his novel after its publication, to condense it, to add to it, to modify or to heighten its situations, and otherwise so to change it that to all outward appearance it is practically a new book?
I leave this point in literary ethics to the consideration of those whose business it is to discuss such questions, and content myself with telling the reader the history of the present story.
About ten years ago I went to Russia with some idea (afterwards abandoned) of writing a book that should deal with the racial struggle which culminated in the eviction of the Jews from the holy cities of that country, and the scenes of tyrannical administration which I witnessed there made a painful and lasting impression on my mind.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Eternal City

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Eternal City is here in full — 396 sentences across 80 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/79 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Author of "The Christian," etc.
Line 2
"He looked for a city which hath foundations whose builder and maker is God."
/hiː lʊkt fɔːr ə ˈsɪti wɪtʃ hæθ faʊnˈdeɪʃənz huːz ˈbɪldər ənd ˈmeɪkər ɪz ɡɑːd/
Line 3
Has a novelist a right to alter his novel after its publication, to condense it, to add to it, to modify or to heighten its situations, and otherwise so to change it that to all outward appearance it is practically a new book?
/hæz ə ˈnɑːvələst ə raɪt tuː ˈɔːltər hɪz ˈnɑːvəl ˈæftər ɪts ˌpʌblɪˈkeɪʃən tuː kənˈdens ɪt tuː æd tuː ɪt tuː ˈmɑːdəfaɪ ɔːr tuː ˈhaɪtən ɪts ˌsɪtʃuːˈeɪʃənz ənd ˈʌðərwaɪz soʊ tuː tʃeɪndʒ ɪt ðæt tuː ɔːl ˈaʊtwərd əˈpɪrəns ɪt ɪz ˈpræktɪkli ə nuː bʊk/
Line 4
I leave this point in literary ethics to the consideration of those whose business it is to discuss such questions, and content myself with telling the reader the history of the present story.
/aɪ liːv ðɪs pɔɪnt ɪn ˈlɪtəreri ˈeθɪks tuː ðə kənˌsɪdərˈeɪʃən ʌv ðoʊz huːz ˈbɪznəs ɪt ɪz tuː dɪˈskʌs sʌtʃ ˈkwestʃənz ənd ˈkɑːntent ˌmaɪˈself wɪð ˈtelɪŋ ðə ˈriːdər ðə ˈhɪstəri ʌv ðə ˈprezənt ˈstɔːri/
Line 5
About ten years ago I went to Russia with some idea (afterwards abandoned) of writing a book that should deal with the racial struggle which culminated in the eviction of the Jews from the holy cities of that country, and the scenes of tyrannical administration which I witnessed there made a painful and lasting impression on my mind.
/əˈbaʊt ten jɪrz əˈɡoʊ aɪ went tuː ˈrʌʃə wɪð sʌm aɪˈdiːə ˈæftərwərdz əˈbændənd ʌv ˈraɪtɪŋ ə bʊk ðæt ʃʊd diːl wɪð ðə ˈreɪʃəl ˈstrʌɡəl wɪtʃ ˈkʌlməneɪtɪd ɪn ðə ɪˈvɪkʃən ʌv ðə dʒuːz frʌm ðə ˈhoʊli ˈsɪtiz ʌv ðæt ˈkʌntri ənd ðə siːnz ʌv tərˈænɪkəl ædˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃən wɪtʃ aɪ ˈwɪtnəst ðer meɪd ə ˈpeɪnfəl ənd ˈlæstɪŋ ˌɪmˈpreʃən ɑːn maɪ maɪnd/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

condense verb US /kənˈdens/

undergo condensation; change from a gaseous to a liquid state and fall in drops

From this reading “Has a novelist a right to alter his novel after its publication, to condense it, to add to it, to modify or to heighten its situations, and otherwise so to change it that to all outward appearance it is practically a new book?”

culminated verb US /ˈkʌlməneɪtɪd/

past form of “culminate” — end, especially to reach a final or climactic stage

From this reading “About ten years ago I went to Russia with some idea (afterwards abandoned) of writing a book that should deal with the racial struggle which culminated in the eviction of the Jews from the holy cities of that country, and the scenes of tyrannical administration which I witnessed there made a painful and lasting impression on my mind.”

ethics noun US /ˈeθɪks/

motivation based on ideas of right and wrong

From this reading “I leave this point in literary ethics to the consideration of those whose business it is to discuss such questions, and content myself with telling the reader the history of the present story.”

eviction noun US /ɪˈvɪkʃən/

action by a landlord that compels a tenant to leave the premises (as by rendering the premises unfit for occupancy); no physical expulsion or legal process is involved

From this reading “About ten years ago I went to Russia with some idea (afterwards abandoned) of writing a book that should deal with the racial struggle which culminated in the eviction of the Jews from the holy cities of that country, and the scenes of tyrannical administration which I witnessed there made a painful and lasting impression on my mind.”

heighten verb US /ˈhaɪtən/

become more extreme

From this reading “Has a novelist a right to alter his novel after its publication, to condense it, to add to it, to modify or to heighten its situations, and otherwise so to change it that to all outward appearance it is practically a new book?”

modify verb US /ˈmɑːdəfaɪ/

make less severe or harsh or extreme

From this reading “Has a novelist a right to alter his novel after its publication, to condense it, to add to it, to modify or to heighten its situations, and otherwise so to change it that to all outward appearance it is practically a new book?”

racial adjective US /ˈreɪʃəl/

of or related to genetically distinguished groups of people

From this reading “About ten years ago I went to Russia with some idea (afterwards abandoned) of writing a book that should deal with the racial struggle which culminated in the eviction of the Jews from the holy cities of that country, and the scenes of tyrannical administration which I witnessed there made a painful and lasting impression on my mind.”

tyrannical adjective US /tərˈænɪkəl/

marked by unjust severity or arbitrary behavior

From this reading “About ten years ago I went to Russia with some idea (afterwards abandoned) of writing a book that should deal with the racial struggle which culminated in the eviction of the Jews from the holy cities of that country, and the scenes of tyrannical administration which I witnessed there made a painful and lasting impression on my mind.”

All words in this reading · 101

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading "He looked for a city which hath foundations whose builder and maker is God."

abandonedadjectiveUS /əˈbændənd/

forsaken by owner or inhabitants

From this reading About ten years ago I went to Russia with some idea (afterwards abandoned) of writing a book that should deal with the racial struggle which culminated in the eviction of the Jews from the holy cities of that country, and the scenes of tyrannical administration which I witnessed there made a painful and lasting impression on my mind.

AboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading About ten years ago I went to Russia with some idea (afterwards abandoned) of writing a book that should deal with the racial struggle which culminated in the eviction of the Jews from the holy cities of that country, and the scenes of tyrannical administration which I witnessed there made a painful and lasting impression on my mind.

addverbUS /æd/

make an addition (to); join or combine or unite with others; increase the quality, quantity, size or scope of

From this reading Has a novelist a right to alter his novel after its publication, to condense it, to add to it, to modify or to heighten its situations, and otherwise so to change it that to all outward appearance it is practically a new book?

administrationnounUS /ædˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃən/

a method of tending to or managing the affairs of a some group of people (especially the group's business affairs)

From this reading About ten years ago I went to Russia with some idea (afterwards abandoned) of writing a book that should deal with the racial struggle which culminated in the eviction of the Jews from the holy cities of that country, and the scenes of tyrannical administration which I witnessed there made a painful and lasting impression on my mind.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading Has a novelist a right to alter his novel after its publication, to condense it, to add to it, to modify or to heighten its situations, and otherwise so to change it that to all outward appearance it is practically a new book?

afterwardsadverbUS /ˈæftərwərdz/

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading About ten years ago I went to Russia with some idea (afterwards abandoned) of writing a book that should deal with the racial struggle which culminated in the eviction of the Jews from the holy cities of that country, and the scenes of tyrannical administration which I witnessed there made a painful and lasting impression on my mind.

agoadverbUS /əˈɡoʊ/

in the past

From this reading About ten years ago I went to Russia with some idea (afterwards abandoned) of writing a book that should deal with the racial struggle which culminated in the eviction of the Jews from the holy cities of that country, and the scenes of tyrannical administration which I witnessed there made a painful and lasting impression on my mind.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Has a novelist a right to alter his novel after its publication, to condense it, to add to it, to modify or to heighten its situations, and otherwise so to change it that to all outward appearance it is practically a new book?

alterverbUS /ˈɔːltər/

cause to change; make different; cause a transformation

From this reading Has a novelist a right to alter his novel after its publication, to condense it, to add to it, to modify or to heighten its situations, and otherwise so to change it that to all outward appearance it is practically a new book?

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading "He looked for a city which hath foundations whose builder and maker is God."

appearancenounUS /əˈpɪrəns/

outward or visible aspect of a person or thing

From this reading Has a novelist a right to alter his novel after its publication, to condense it, to add to it, to modify or to heighten its situations, and otherwise so to change it that to all outward appearance it is practically a new book?

AuthornounUS /ˈɔːθər/

writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading Author of "The Christian," etc.

booknounUS /bʊk/

a written work or composition that has been published (printed on pages bound together)

From this reading Has a novelist a right to alter his novel after its publication, to condense it, to add to it, to modify or to heighten its situations, and otherwise so to change it that to all outward appearance it is practically a new book?

buildernounUS /ˈbɪldər/

a substance added to soaps or detergents to increase their cleansing action

From this reading "He looked for a city which hath foundations whose builder and maker is God."

businessnounUS /ˈbɪznəs/

a commercial or industrial enterprise and the people who constitute it

From this reading I leave this point in literary ethics to the consideration of those whose business it is to discuss such questions, and content myself with telling the reader the history of the present story.

changeverbUS /tʃeɪndʒ/

cause to change; make different; cause a transformation

From this reading Has a novelist a right to alter his novel after its publication, to condense it, to add to it, to modify or to heighten its situations, and otherwise so to change it that to all outward appearance it is practically a new book?

ChristianadjectiveUS /ˈkrɪstʃən/

relating to or characteristic of Christianity

From this reading Author of "The Christian," etc.

citiesnounUS /ˈsɪtiz/

plural of “city” — a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading About ten years ago I went to Russia with some idea (afterwards abandoned) of writing a book that should deal with the racial struggle which culminated in the eviction of the Jews from the holy cities of that country, and the scenes of tyrannical administration which I witnessed there made a painful and lasting impression on my mind.

citynounUS /ˈsɪti/

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading "He looked for a city which hath foundations whose builder and maker is God."

condenseverbUS /kənˈdens/

undergo condensation; change from a gaseous to a liquid state and fall in drops

From this reading Has a novelist a right to alter his novel after its publication, to condense it, to add to it, to modify or to heighten its situations, and otherwise so to change it that to all outward appearance it is practically a new book?

considerationnounUS /kənˌsɪdərˈeɪʃən/

the process of giving careful thought to something

From this reading I leave this point in literary ethics to the consideration of those whose business it is to discuss such questions, and content myself with telling the reader the history of the present story.

contentnounUS /ˈkɑːntent/

(usually plural) everything that is included in a collection and that is held or included in something

From this reading I leave this point in literary ethics to the consideration of those whose business it is to discuss such questions, and content myself with telling the reader the history of the present story.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading About ten years ago I went to Russia with some idea (afterwards abandoned) of writing a book that should deal with the racial struggle which culminated in the eviction of the Jews from the holy cities of that country, and the scenes of tyrannical administration which I witnessed there made a painful and lasting impression on my mind.

culminatedverbUS /ˈkʌlməneɪtɪd/

past form of “culminate” — end, especially to reach a final or climactic stage

From this reading About ten years ago I went to Russia with some idea (afterwards abandoned) of writing a book that should deal with the racial struggle which culminated in the eviction of the Jews from the holy cities of that country, and the scenes of tyrannical administration which I witnessed there made a painful and lasting impression on my mind.

dealverbUS /diːl/

act on verbally or in some form of artistic expression

From this reading About ten years ago I went to Russia with some idea (afterwards abandoned) of writing a book that should deal with the racial struggle which culminated in the eviction of the Jews from the holy cities of that country, and the scenes of tyrannical administration which I witnessed there made a painful and lasting impression on my mind.

discussverbUS /dɪˈskʌs/

to consider or examine in speech or writing

From this reading I leave this point in literary ethics to the consideration of those whose business it is to discuss such questions, and content myself with telling the reader the history of the present story.

etc

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Author of "The Christian," etc.

ethicsnounUS /ˈeθɪks/

motivation based on ideas of right and wrong

From this reading I leave this point in literary ethics to the consideration of those whose business it is to discuss such questions, and content myself with telling the reader the history of the present story.

evictionnounUS /ɪˈvɪkʃən/

action by a landlord that compels a tenant to leave the premises (as by rendering the premises unfit for occupancy); no physical expulsion or legal process is involved

From this reading About ten years ago I went to Russia with some idea (afterwards abandoned) of writing a book that should deal with the racial struggle which culminated in the eviction of the Jews from the holy cities of that country, and the scenes of tyrannical administration which I witnessed there made a painful and lasting impression on my mind.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading "He looked for a city which hath foundations whose builder and maker is God."

foundationsnounUS /faʊnˈdeɪʃənz/

plural of “foundation” — the basis on which something is grounded

From this reading "He looked for a city which hath foundations whose builder and maker is God."

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading About ten years ago I went to Russia with some idea (afterwards abandoned) of writing a book that should deal with the racial struggle which culminated in the eviction of the Jews from the holy cities of that country, and the scenes of tyrannical administration which I witnessed there made a painful and lasting impression on my mind.

GodnounUS /ɡɑːd/

the supernatural being conceived as the perfect and omnipotent and omniscient originator and ruler of the universe; the object of worship in monotheistic religions

From this reading "He looked for a city which hath foundations whose builder and maker is God."

Hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Has a novelist a right to alter his novel after its publication, to condense it, to add to it, to modify or to heighten its situations, and otherwise so to change it that to all outward appearance it is practically a new book?

hathauxiliary verbUS /hæθ/

an old form of “has”

From this reading "He looked for a city which hath foundations whose builder and maker is God."

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading "He looked for a city which hath foundations whose builder and maker is God."

heightenverbUS /ˈhaɪtən/

become more extreme

From this reading Has a novelist a right to alter his novel after its publication, to condense it, to add to it, to modify or to heighten its situations, and otherwise so to change it that to all outward appearance it is practically a new book?

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Has a novelist a right to alter his novel after its publication, to condense it, to add to it, to modify or to heighten its situations, and otherwise so to change it that to all outward appearance it is practically a new book?

historynounUS /ˈhɪstəri/

the aggregate of past events

From this reading I leave this point in literary ethics to the consideration of those whose business it is to discuss such questions, and content myself with telling the reader the history of the present story.

holynounUS /ˈhoʊli/

a sacred place of pilgrimage

From this reading About ten years ago I went to Russia with some idea (afterwards abandoned) of writing a book that should deal with the racial struggle which culminated in the eviction of the Jews from the holy cities of that country, and the scenes of tyrannical administration which I witnessed there made a painful and lasting impression on my mind.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I leave this point in literary ethics to the consideration of those whose business it is to discuss such questions, and content myself with telling the reader the history of the present story.

ideanounUS /aɪˈdiːə/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading About ten years ago I went to Russia with some idea (afterwards abandoned) of writing a book that should deal with the racial struggle which culminated in the eviction of the Jews from the holy cities of that country, and the scenes of tyrannical administration which I witnessed there made a painful and lasting impression on my mind.

impressionnounUS /ˌɪmˈpreʃən/

a vague idea in which some confidence is placed

From this reading About ten years ago I went to Russia with some idea (afterwards abandoned) of writing a book that should deal with the racial struggle which culminated in the eviction of the Jews from the holy cities of that country, and the scenes of tyrannical administration which I witnessed there made a painful and lasting impression on my mind.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading I leave this point in literary ethics to the consideration of those whose business it is to discuss such questions, and content myself with telling the reader the history of the present story.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading "He looked for a city which hath foundations whose builder and maker is God."

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Has a novelist a right to alter his novel after its publication, to condense it, to add to it, to modify or to heighten its situations, and otherwise so to change it that to all outward appearance it is practically a new book?

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Has a novelist a right to alter his novel after its publication, to condense it, to add to it, to modify or to heighten its situations, and otherwise so to change it that to all outward appearance it is practically a new book?

JewsnounUS /dʒuːz/

plural of “jew” — a person belonging to the worldwide group claiming descent from Jacob (or converted to it) and connected by cultural or religious ties

From this reading About ten years ago I went to Russia with some idea (afterwards abandoned) of writing a book that should deal with the racial struggle which culminated in the eviction of the Jews from the holy cities of that country, and the scenes of tyrannical administration which I witnessed there made a painful and lasting impression on my mind.

lastingadjectiveUS /ˈlæstɪŋ/

continuing or enduring without marked change in status or condition or place

From this reading About ten years ago I went to Russia with some idea (afterwards abandoned) of writing a book that should deal with the racial struggle which culminated in the eviction of the Jews from the holy cities of that country, and the scenes of tyrannical administration which I witnessed there made a painful and lasting impression on my mind.

leaveverbUS /liːv/

go away from a place

From this reading I leave this point in literary ethics to the consideration of those whose business it is to discuss such questions, and content myself with telling the reader the history of the present story.

literaryadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəreri/

of or relating to or characteristic of literature

From this reading I leave this point in literary ethics to the consideration of those whose business it is to discuss such questions, and content myself with telling the reader the history of the present story.

lookedverbUS /lʊkt/

past form of “look” — perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading "He looked for a city which hath foundations whose builder and maker is God."

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading About ten years ago I went to Russia with some idea (afterwards abandoned) of writing a book that should deal with the racial struggle which culminated in the eviction of the Jews from the holy cities of that country, and the scenes of tyrannical administration which I witnessed there made a painful and lasting impression on my mind.

makernounUS /ˈmeɪkər/

a person who makes things

From this reading "He looked for a city which hath foundations whose builder and maker is God."

mindnounUS /maɪnd/

The element of a person that enables awareness and thought.

From this reading About ten years ago I went to Russia with some idea (afterwards abandoned) of writing a book that should deal with the racial struggle which culminated in the eviction of the Jews from the holy cities of that country, and the scenes of tyrannical administration which I witnessed there made a painful and lasting impression on my mind.

modifyverbUS /ˈmɑːdəfaɪ/

make less severe or harsh or extreme

From this reading Has a novelist a right to alter his novel after its publication, to condense it, to add to it, to modify or to heighten its situations, and otherwise so to change it that to all outward appearance it is practically a new book?

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading About ten years ago I went to Russia with some idea (afterwards abandoned) of writing a book that should deal with the racial struggle which culminated in the eviction of the Jews from the holy cities of that country, and the scenes of tyrannical administration which I witnessed there made a painful and lasting impression on my mind.

myselfpronounUS /ˌmaɪˈself/

used when the speaker is also the object of the action

From this reading I leave this point in literary ethics to the consideration of those whose business it is to discuss such questions, and content myself with telling the reader the history of the present story.

newadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading Has a novelist a right to alter his novel after its publication, to condense it, to add to it, to modify or to heighten its situations, and otherwise so to change it that to all outward appearance it is practically a new book?

novelnounUS /ˈnɑːvəl/

an extended fictional work in prose; usually in the form of a story

From this reading Has a novelist a right to alter his novel after its publication, to condense it, to add to it, to modify or to heighten its situations, and otherwise so to change it that to all outward appearance it is practically a new book?

novelistnounUS /ˈnɑːvələst/

one who writes novels

From this reading Has a novelist a right to alter his novel after its publication, to condense it, to add to it, to modify or to heighten its situations, and otherwise so to change it that to all outward appearance it is practically a new book?

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Author of "The Christian," etc.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading About ten years ago I went to Russia with some idea (afterwards abandoned) of writing a book that should deal with the racial struggle which culminated in the eviction of the Jews from the holy cities of that country, and the scenes of tyrannical administration which I witnessed there made a painful and lasting impression on my mind.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Has a novelist a right to alter his novel after its publication, to condense it, to add to it, to modify or to heighten its situations, and otherwise so to change it that to all outward appearance it is practically a new book?

otherwiseadverbUS /ˈʌðərwaɪz/

in other respects or ways

From this reading Has a novelist a right to alter his novel after its publication, to condense it, to add to it, to modify or to heighten its situations, and otherwise so to change it that to all outward appearance it is practically a new book?

outwardadjectiveUS /ˈaʊtwərd/

relating to physical reality rather than with thoughts or the mind

From this reading Has a novelist a right to alter his novel after its publication, to condense it, to add to it, to modify or to heighten its situations, and otherwise so to change it that to all outward appearance it is practically a new book?

painfuladjectiveUS /ˈpeɪnfəl/

causing physical or psychological pain

From this reading About ten years ago I went to Russia with some idea (afterwards abandoned) of writing a book that should deal with the racial struggle which culminated in the eviction of the Jews from the holy cities of that country, and the scenes of tyrannical administration which I witnessed there made a painful and lasting impression on my mind.

pointnounUS /pɔɪnt/

a geometric element that has position but no extension

From this reading I leave this point in literary ethics to the consideration of those whose business it is to discuss such questions, and content myself with telling the reader the history of the present story.

practicallyadverbUS /ˈpræktɪkli/

almost; nearly

From this reading Has a novelist a right to alter his novel after its publication, to condense it, to add to it, to modify or to heighten its situations, and otherwise so to change it that to all outward appearance it is practically a new book?

presentverbUS /ˈprezənt/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading I leave this point in literary ethics to the consideration of those whose business it is to discuss such questions, and content myself with telling the reader the history of the present story.

publicationnounUS /ˌpʌblɪˈkeɪʃən/

a copy of a printed work offered for distribution

From this reading Has a novelist a right to alter his novel after its publication, to condense it, to add to it, to modify or to heighten its situations, and otherwise so to change it that to all outward appearance it is practically a new book?

questionsnounUS /ˈkwestʃənz/

plural of “question” — an instance of questioning

From this reading I leave this point in literary ethics to the consideration of those whose business it is to discuss such questions, and content myself with telling the reader the history of the present story.

racialadjectiveUS /ˈreɪʃəl/

of or related to genetically distinguished groups of people

From this reading About ten years ago I went to Russia with some idea (afterwards abandoned) of writing a book that should deal with the racial struggle which culminated in the eviction of the Jews from the holy cities of that country, and the scenes of tyrannical administration which I witnessed there made a painful and lasting impression on my mind.

readernounUS /ˈriːdər/

a person who enjoys reading

From this reading I leave this point in literary ethics to the consideration of those whose business it is to discuss such questions, and content myself with telling the reader the history of the present story.

rightadverbUS /raɪt/

precisely, exactly

From this reading Has a novelist a right to alter his novel after its publication, to condense it, to add to it, to modify or to heighten its situations, and otherwise so to change it that to all outward appearance it is practically a new book?

RussianounUS /ˈrʌʃə/

a former communist country in eastern Europe and northern Asia; established in 1922; included Russia and 14 other soviet socialist republics (Ukraine and Byelorussia and others); officially dissolved 31 December 1991

From this reading About ten years ago I went to Russia with some idea (afterwards abandoned) of writing a book that should deal with the racial struggle which culminated in the eviction of the Jews from the holy cities of that country, and the scenes of tyrannical administration which I witnessed there made a painful and lasting impression on my mind.

scenesnounUS /siːnz/

plural of “scene” — the place where some action occurs

From this reading About ten years ago I went to Russia with some idea (afterwards abandoned) of writing a book that should deal with the racial struggle which culminated in the eviction of the Jews from the holy cities of that country, and the scenes of tyrannical administration which I witnessed there made a painful and lasting impression on my mind.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading About ten years ago I went to Russia with some idea (afterwards abandoned) of writing a book that should deal with the racial struggle which culminated in the eviction of the Jews from the holy cities of that country, and the scenes of tyrannical administration which I witnessed there made a painful and lasting impression on my mind.

situationsnounUS /ˌsɪtʃuːˈeɪʃənz/

plural of “situation” — the general state of things; the combination of circumstances at a given time

From this reading Has a novelist a right to alter his novel after its publication, to condense it, to add to it, to modify or to heighten its situations, and otherwise so to change it that to all outward appearance it is practically a new book?

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Has a novelist a right to alter his novel after its publication, to condense it, to add to it, to modify or to heighten its situations, and otherwise so to change it that to all outward appearance it is practically a new book?

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading About ten years ago I went to Russia with some idea (afterwards abandoned) of writing a book that should deal with the racial struggle which culminated in the eviction of the Jews from the holy cities of that country, and the scenes of tyrannical administration which I witnessed there made a painful and lasting impression on my mind.

storynounUS /ˈstɔːri/

a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading I leave this point in literary ethics to the consideration of those whose business it is to discuss such questions, and content myself with telling the reader the history of the present story.

struggleverbUS /ˈstrʌɡəl/

make a strenuous or labored effort

From this reading About ten years ago I went to Russia with some idea (afterwards abandoned) of writing a book that should deal with the racial struggle which culminated in the eviction of the Jews from the holy cities of that country, and the scenes of tyrannical administration which I witnessed there made a painful and lasting impression on my mind.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading I leave this point in literary ethics to the consideration of those whose business it is to discuss such questions, and content myself with telling the reader the history of the present story.

tellingadjectiveUS /ˈtelɪŋ/

disclosing unintentionally something concealed

From this reading I leave this point in literary ethics to the consideration of those whose business it is to discuss such questions, and content myself with telling the reader the history of the present story.

tennounUS /ten/

the cardinal number that is the sum of nine and one; the base of the decimal system

From this reading About ten years ago I went to Russia with some idea (afterwards abandoned) of writing a book that should deal with the racial struggle which culminated in the eviction of the Jews from the holy cities of that country, and the scenes of tyrannical administration which I witnessed there made a painful and lasting impression on my mind.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Has a novelist a right to alter his novel after its publication, to condense it, to add to it, to modify or to heighten its situations, and otherwise so to change it that to all outward appearance it is practically a new book?

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Author of "The Christian," etc.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading About ten years ago I went to Russia with some idea (afterwards abandoned) of writing a book that should deal with the racial struggle which culminated in the eviction of the Jews from the holy cities of that country, and the scenes of tyrannical administration which I witnessed there made a painful and lasting impression on my mind.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading I leave this point in literary ethics to the consideration of those whose business it is to discuss such questions, and content myself with telling the reader the history of the present story.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading I leave this point in literary ethics to the consideration of those whose business it is to discuss such questions, and content myself with telling the reader the history of the present story.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Has a novelist a right to alter his novel after its publication, to condense it, to add to it, to modify or to heighten its situations, and otherwise so to change it that to all outward appearance it is practically a new book?

tyrannicaladjectiveUS /tərˈænɪkəl/

marked by unjust severity or arbitrary behavior

From this reading About ten years ago I went to Russia with some idea (afterwards abandoned) of writing a book that should deal with the racial struggle which culminated in the eviction of the Jews from the holy cities of that country, and the scenes of tyrannical administration which I witnessed there made a painful and lasting impression on my mind.

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading About ten years ago I went to Russia with some idea (afterwards abandoned) of writing a book that should deal with the racial struggle which culminated in the eviction of the Jews from the holy cities of that country, and the scenes of tyrannical administration which I witnessed there made a painful and lasting impression on my mind.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading "He looked for a city which hath foundations whose builder and maker is God."

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading "He looked for a city which hath foundations whose builder and maker is God."

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading I leave this point in literary ethics to the consideration of those whose business it is to discuss such questions, and content myself with telling the reader the history of the present story.

witnessedverbUS /ˈwɪtnəst/

past form of “witness” — be a witness to

From this reading About ten years ago I went to Russia with some idea (afterwards abandoned) of writing a book that should deal with the racial struggle which culminated in the eviction of the Jews from the holy cities of that country, and the scenes of tyrannical administration which I witnessed there made a painful and lasting impression on my mind.

writingnounUS /ˈraɪtɪŋ/

the act of creating written works

From this reading About ten years ago I went to Russia with some idea (afterwards abandoned) of writing a book that should deal with the racial struggle which culminated in the eviction of the Jews from the holy cities of that country, and the scenes of tyrannical administration which I witnessed there made a painful and lasting impression on my mind.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading About ten years ago I went to Russia with some idea (afterwards abandoned) of writing a book that should deal with the racial struggle which culminated in the eviction of the Jews from the holy cities of that country, and the scenes of tyrannical administration which I witnessed there made a painful and lasting impression on my mind.

Chapter 1 of The Eternal City by Hall, Sir Caine holds 396 sentences, grouped into 80 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of The Eternal City contain?

Chapter 1 holds 396 sentences of The Eternal City, unabridged, divided into 80 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of The Eternal City by Hall, Sir Caine exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 396 sentences, grouped into 80 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of The Eternal City?

Work through the 80 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 80 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Eternal City

Common questions about reading The Eternal City by Hall, Sir Caine on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Eternal City?

Yes. All 12439 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #19732 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Eternal City is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #19732, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Eternal City take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 2488 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Eternal City section by section

How to work through The Eternal City section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 31 chapters of The Eternal City to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Eternal City

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Eternal City, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Eternal City; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Christian
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Eternal City; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Looked
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Eternal City; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Foundations
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Eternal City; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.