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The Eternal City
The Eternal City

Chapter XXI · Chapter 21

Chapter 21 of The Eternal City is here in full — 409 sentences across 82 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Eternal City
Context Illustration Reading 1/81 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Bruno, whose face was convulsed with agony, began to laugh in a delirious way.
"So my friend is false to me, is he?
Very well, I'll be revenged."
He reeled a little and the letter dropped from his hand, floated a moment in the air, and fell to the ground a pace or two farther on.
"Yes, by God, I'll be revenged," he cried, and he laughed again.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Eternal City

Chapter XXI · Chapter 21

Chapter 21 of The Eternal City is here in full — 409 sentences across 82 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/81 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Bruno, whose face was convulsed with agony, began to laugh in a delirious way.
Line 2
"So my friend is false to me, is he?
/soʊ maɪ frend ɪz fɔːls tuː miː ɪz hiː/
Line 3
Very well, I'll be revenged."
Line 4
He reeled a little and the letter dropped from his hand, floated a moment in the air, and fell to the ground a pace or two farther on.
/hiː riːld ə ˈlɪtəl ənd ðə ˈletər drɑːpt frʌm hɪz hænd ˈfloʊtəd ə ˈmoʊmənt ɪn ðə er ənd fel tuː ðə ɡraʊnd ə peɪs ɔːr tuː ˈfɑːrðər ɑːn/
Line 5
"Yes, by God, I'll be revenged," he cried, and he laughed again.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

agony noun US /ˈæɡ.ə.ni/

Extreme physical or mental suffering; intense anguish.

From this reading “Bruno, whose face was convulsed with agony, began to laugh in a delirious way.”

Bruno noun US /ˈbruːnoʊ/

German pope from 1049 to 1054 whose papacy was the beginning of papal reforms in the 11th century (1002-1054)

From this reading “Bruno, whose face was convulsed with agony, began to laugh in a delirious way.”

delirious adjective US /dɪˈlɪriəs/

experiencing delirium

From this reading “Bruno, whose face was convulsed with agony, began to laugh in a delirious way.”

false adjective US /fɔːls/

not in accordance with the fact or reality or actuality

From this reading “"So my friend is false to me, is he?”

farther adjective US /ˈfɑːrðər/

more distant in especially space or time

From this reading “He reeled a little and the letter dropped from his hand, floated a moment in the air, and fell to the ground a pace or two farther on.”

floated verb US /ˈfloʊtəd/

past form of “float” — be in motion due to some air or water current

From this reading “He reeled a little and the letter dropped from his hand, floated a moment in the air, and fell to the ground a pace or two farther on.”

pace noun US /peɪs/

the rate of moving (especially walking or running)

From this reading “He reeled a little and the letter dropped from his hand, floated a moment in the air, and fell to the ground a pace or two farther on.”

reeled verb US /riːld/

past form of “reel” — walk as if unable to control one's movements

From this reading “He reeled a little and the letter dropped from his hand, floated a moment in the air, and fell to the ground a pace or two farther on.”

All words in this reading · 51

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Bruno, whose face was convulsed with agony, began to laugh in a delirious way.

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading "Yes, by God, I'll be revenged," he cried, and he laughed again.

agonynounUS /ˈæɡ.ə.ni/

Extreme physical or mental suffering; intense anguish.

From this reading Bruno, whose face was convulsed with agony, began to laugh in a delirious way.

airnounUS /er/

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading He reeled a little and the letter dropped from his hand, floated a moment in the air, and fell to the ground a pace or two farther on.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading He reeled a little and the letter dropped from his hand, floated a moment in the air, and fell to the ground a pace or two farther on.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Very well, I'll be revenged."

beganverbUS /bɪˈɡæn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading Bruno, whose face was convulsed with agony, began to laugh in a delirious way.

BrunonounUS /ˈbruːnoʊ/

German pope from 1049 to 1054 whose papacy was the beginning of papal reforms in the 11th century (1002-1054)

From this reading Bruno, whose face was convulsed with agony, began to laugh in a delirious way.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading "Yes, by God, I'll be revenged," he cried, and he laughed again.

convulsed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bruno, whose face was convulsed with agony, began to laugh in a delirious way.

criedverbUS /kraɪd/

inflected form of “cry” — utter a sudden loud cry

From this reading "Yes, by God, I'll be revenged," he cried, and he laughed again.

deliriousadjectiveUS /dɪˈlɪriəs/

experiencing delirium

From this reading Bruno, whose face was convulsed with agony, began to laugh in a delirious way.

droppedverbUS /drɑːpt/

inflected form of “drop” — let fall to the ground

From this reading He reeled a little and the letter dropped from his hand, floated a moment in the air, and fell to the ground a pace or two farther on.

facenounUS /feɪs/

the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

From this reading Bruno, whose face was convulsed with agony, began to laugh in a delirious way.

falseadjectiveUS /fɔːls/

not in accordance with the fact or reality or actuality

From this reading "So my friend is false to me, is he?

fartheradjectiveUS /ˈfɑːrðər/

more distant in especially space or time

From this reading He reeled a little and the letter dropped from his hand, floated a moment in the air, and fell to the ground a pace or two farther on.

fellverbUS /fel/

cause to fall by or as if by delivering a blow

From this reading He reeled a little and the letter dropped from his hand, floated a moment in the air, and fell to the ground a pace or two farther on.

floatedverbUS /ˈfloʊtəd/

past form of “float” — be in motion due to some air or water current

From this reading He reeled a little and the letter dropped from his hand, floated a moment in the air, and fell to the ground a pace or two farther on.

friendnounUS /frend/

a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading "So my friend is false to me, is he?

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading He reeled a little and the letter dropped from his hand, floated a moment in the air, and fell to the ground a pace or two farther on.

GodnounUS /ɡɑːd/

the supernatural being conceived as the perfect and omnipotent and omniscient originator and ruler of the universe; the object of worship in monotheistic religions

From this reading "Yes, by God, I'll be revenged," he cried, and he laughed again.

groundnounUS /ɡraʊnd/

the solid part of the earth's surface

From this reading He reeled a little and the letter dropped from his hand, floated a moment in the air, and fell to the ground a pace or two farther on.

handnounUS /hænd/

the (prehensile) extremity of the superior limb

From this reading He reeled a little and the letter dropped from his hand, floated a moment in the air, and fell to the ground a pace or two farther on.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading "So my friend is false to me, is he?

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading He reeled a little and the letter dropped from his hand, floated a moment in the air, and fell to the ground a pace or two farther on.

I'll

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Very well, I'll be revenged."

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Bruno, whose face was convulsed with agony, began to laugh in a delirious way.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading "So my friend is false to me, is he?

laughnounUS /læf/

the sound of laughing

From this reading Bruno, whose face was convulsed with agony, began to laugh in a delirious way.

laughedverbUS /læft/

past form of “laugh” — produce laughter

From this reading "Yes, by God, I'll be revenged," he cried, and he laughed again.

letternounUS /ˈletər/

a written message addressed to a person or organization

From this reading He reeled a little and the letter dropped from his hand, floated a moment in the air, and fell to the ground a pace or two farther on.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading He reeled a little and the letter dropped from his hand, floated a moment in the air, and fell to the ground a pace or two farther on.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading "So my friend is false to me, is he?

momentnounUS /ˈmoʊmənt/

a particular point in time

From this reading He reeled a little and the letter dropped from his hand, floated a moment in the air, and fell to the ground a pace or two farther on.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading "So my friend is false to me, is he?

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading He reeled a little and the letter dropped from his hand, floated a moment in the air, and fell to the ground a pace or two farther on.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading He reeled a little and the letter dropped from his hand, floated a moment in the air, and fell to the ground a pace or two farther on.

pacenounUS /peɪs/

the rate of moving (especially walking or running)

From this reading He reeled a little and the letter dropped from his hand, floated a moment in the air, and fell to the ground a pace or two farther on.

reeledverbUS /riːld/

past form of “reel” — walk as if unable to control one's movements

From this reading He reeled a little and the letter dropped from his hand, floated a moment in the air, and fell to the ground a pace or two farther on.

revenged

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Very well, I'll be revenged."

SoconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading "So my friend is false to me, is he?

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading He reeled a little and the letter dropped from his hand, floated a moment in the air, and fell to the ground a pace or two farther on.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Bruno, whose face was convulsed with agony, began to laugh in a delirious way.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading He reeled a little and the letter dropped from his hand, floated a moment in the air, and fell to the ground a pace or two farther on.

VeryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading Very well, I'll be revenged."

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Bruno, whose face was convulsed with agony, began to laugh in a delirious way.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading Bruno, whose face was convulsed with agony, began to laugh in a delirious way.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading Very well, I'll be revenged."

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading Bruno, whose face was convulsed with agony, began to laugh in a delirious way.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Bruno, whose face was convulsed with agony, began to laugh in a delirious way.

YesnounUS /jes/

an affirmative

From this reading "Yes, by God, I'll be revenged," he cried, and he laughed again.

Chapter 21 of The Eternal City by Hall, Sir Caine holds 409 sentences, grouped into 82 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 21 of The Eternal City contain?

Chapter 21 holds 409 sentences of The Eternal City, unabridged, divided into 82 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 21 of The Eternal City by Hall, Sir Caine exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 409 sentences, grouped into 82 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 21 of The Eternal City?

Work through the 82 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 82 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 21 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 21 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Eternal City

Common questions about reading The Eternal City by Hall, Sir Caine on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Eternal City?

Yes. All 12439 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #19732 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Eternal City is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #19732, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Eternal City take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 2488 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Eternal City section by section

How to work through The Eternal City section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 31 chapters of The Eternal City to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Eternal City

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Eternal City, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Eternal City; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Christian
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Eternal City; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Looked
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Eternal City; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Foundations
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Eternal City; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.