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The Ethics of Drink and Other Social
The Ethics of Drink and Other Social

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Ethics of Drink and Other Social is here in full — 438 sentences across 88 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Ethics of Drink and Other Social
Context Illustration Reading 44/87 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
England, then, is a country of grief.
I never yet knew one family which had not lost a cherished member through the national curse; and thus at all times we are like the wailing nation whereof the first-born in every house was stricken.
It is an awful sight, and as I sit here alone I can send my mind over the sad England which I know, and see the army of the mourners.
They say that the calling of the wounded on the field of Boródino was like the roar of the sea: on my battle-field, where drink has been the only slayer, there are many dead; and I can imagine that I hear the full volume of cries from those who are stricken but still living.
The vision would unsettle my reason if I had not a trifle of Hope remaining.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Ethics of Drink and Other Social

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Ethics of Drink and Other Social is here in full — 438 sentences across 88 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 44/87 · 5 reading units · Lines 216–220

Line 1
England, then, is a country of grief.
/ˈɪŋɡlənd ðen ɪz ə ˈkʌntri ʌv ɡriːf/
Line 2
I never yet knew one family which had not lost a cherished member through the national curse; and thus at all times we are like the wailing nation whereof the first-born in every house was stricken.
Line 3
It is an awful sight, and as I sit here alone I can send my mind over the sad England which I know, and see the army of the mourners.
/ɪt ɪz æn ˈɑːfəl saɪt ənd æz aɪ sɪt hiːr əˈloʊn aɪ kæn send maɪ maɪnd ˈoʊvər ðə sæd ˈɪŋɡlənd wɪtʃ aɪ noʊ ənd siː ðə ˈɑːrmi ʌv ðə ˈmɔːrnərz/
Line 4
They say that the calling of the wounded on the field of Boródino was like the roar of the sea: on my battle-field, where drink has been the only slayer, there are many dead; and I can imagine that I hear the full volume of cries from those who are stricken but still living.
Line 5
The vision would unsettle my reason if I had not a trifle of Hope remaining.
/ðə ˈvɪʒən wʊd ənˈsetəl maɪ ˈriːzən ɪf aɪ hæd nɑːt ə ˈtraɪfəl ʌv hoʊp rɪˈmeɪnɪŋ/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

cherished adjective US /ˈtʃerɪʃt/

characterized by feeling or showing fond affection for

From this reading “I never yet knew one family which had not lost a cherished member through the national curse; and thus at all times we are like the wailing nation whereof the first-born in every house was stricken.”

curse noun US /kɜːrs/

profane or obscene expression usually of surprise or anger

From this reading “I never yet knew one family which had not lost a cherished member through the national curse; and thus at all times we are like the wailing nation whereof the first-born in every house was stricken.”

mourners noun US /ˈmɔːrnərz/

plural of “mourner” — a person who is feeling grief (as grieving over someone who has died)

From this reading “It is an awful sight, and as I sit here alone I can send my mind over the sad England which I know, and see the army of the mourners.”

slayer noun US /ˈsleɪər/

someone who causes the death of a person or animal

From this reading “They say that the calling of the wounded on the field of Boródino was like the roar of the sea: on my battle-field, where drink has been the only slayer, there are many dead; and I can imagine that I hear the full volume of cries from those who are stricken but still living.”

stricken adjective US /ˈstrɪkən/

grievously affected especially by disease

From this reading “I never yet knew one family which had not lost a cherished member through the national curse; and thus at all times we are like the wailing nation whereof the first-born in every house was stricken.”

trifle noun US /ˈtraɪfəl/

a cold pudding made of layers of sponge cake spread with fruit or jelly; may be decorated with nuts, cream, or chocolate

From this reading “The vision would unsettle my reason if I had not a trifle of Hope remaining.”

unsettle verb US /ənˈsetəl/

disturb the composure of

From this reading “The vision would unsettle my reason if I had not a trifle of Hope remaining.”

wailing noun US /ˈweɪlɪŋ/

loud cries made while weeping

From this reading “I never yet knew one family which had not lost a cherished member through the national curse; and thus at all times we are like the wailing nation whereof the first-born in every house was stricken.”

All words in this reading · 97

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading England, then, is a country of grief.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading I never yet knew one family which had not lost a cherished member through the national curse; and thus at all times we are like the wailing nation whereof the first-born in every house was stricken.

aloneadjectiveUS /əˈloʊn/

Having no one else present.

From this reading It is an awful sight, and as I sit here alone I can send my mind over the sad England which I know, and see the army of the mourners.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading It is an awful sight, and as I sit here alone I can send my mind over the sad England which I know, and see the army of the mourners.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading I never yet knew one family which had not lost a cherished member through the national curse; and thus at all times we are like the wailing nation whereof the first-born in every house was stricken.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading I never yet knew one family which had not lost a cherished member through the national curse; and thus at all times we are like the wailing nation whereof the first-born in every house was stricken.

armynounUS /ˈɑːrmi/

a permanent organization of the military land forces of a nation or state

From this reading It is an awful sight, and as I sit here alone I can send my mind over the sad England which I know, and see the army of the mourners.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading It is an awful sight, and as I sit here alone I can send my mind over the sad England which I know, and see the army of the mourners.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading I never yet knew one family which had not lost a cherished member through the national curse; and thus at all times we are like the wailing nation whereof the first-born in every house was stricken.

awfuladjectiveUS /ˈɑːfəl/

exceptionally bad or displeasing

From this reading It is an awful sight, and as I sit here alone I can send my mind over the sad England which I know, and see the army of the mourners.

battle-field

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They say that the calling of the wounded on the field of Boródino was like the roar of the sea: on my battle-field, where drink has been the only slayer, there are many dead; and I can imagine that I hear the full volume of cries from those who are stricken but still living.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading They say that the calling of the wounded on the field of Boródino was like the roar of the sea: on my battle-field, where drink has been the only slayer, there are many dead; and I can imagine that I hear the full volume of cries from those who are stricken but still living.

Boródino

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They say that the calling of the wounded on the field of Boródino was like the roar of the sea: on my battle-field, where drink has been the only slayer, there are many dead; and I can imagine that I hear the full volume of cries from those who are stricken but still living.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading They say that the calling of the wounded on the field of Boródino was like the roar of the sea: on my battle-field, where drink has been the only slayer, there are many dead; and I can imagine that I hear the full volume of cries from those who are stricken but still living.

callingnounUS /ˈkɔːlɪŋ/

the particular occupation for which you are trained

From this reading They say that the calling of the wounded on the field of Boródino was like the roar of the sea: on my battle-field, where drink has been the only slayer, there are many dead; and I can imagine that I hear the full volume of cries from those who are stricken but still living.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading It is an awful sight, and as I sit here alone I can send my mind over the sad England which I know, and see the army of the mourners.

cherishedadjectiveUS /ˈtʃerɪʃt/

characterized by feeling or showing fond affection for

From this reading I never yet knew one family which had not lost a cherished member through the national curse; and thus at all times we are like the wailing nation whereof the first-born in every house was stricken.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading England, then, is a country of grief.

criesnounUS /kraɪz/

plural of “cry” — a loud utterance; often in protest or opposition

From this reading They say that the calling of the wounded on the field of Boródino was like the roar of the sea: on my battle-field, where drink has been the only slayer, there are many dead; and I can imagine that I hear the full volume of cries from those who are stricken but still living.

cursenounUS /kɜːrs/

profane or obscene expression usually of surprise or anger

From this reading I never yet knew one family which had not lost a cherished member through the national curse; and thus at all times we are like the wailing nation whereof the first-born in every house was stricken.

deadadjectiveUS /ded/

no longer having or seeming to have or expecting to have life

From this reading They say that the calling of the wounded on the field of Boródino was like the roar of the sea: on my battle-field, where drink has been the only slayer, there are many dead; and I can imagine that I hear the full volume of cries from those who are stricken but still living.

drinkverbUS /drɪŋk/

take in liquids

From this reading They say that the calling of the wounded on the field of Boródino was like the roar of the sea: on my battle-field, where drink has been the only slayer, there are many dead; and I can imagine that I hear the full volume of cries from those who are stricken but still living.

EnglandnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlənd/

a division of the United Kingdom

From this reading England, then, is a country of grief.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading I never yet knew one family which had not lost a cherished member through the national curse; and thus at all times we are like the wailing nation whereof the first-born in every house was stricken.

familynounUS /ˈfæməli/

a social unit living together

From this reading I never yet knew one family which had not lost a cherished member through the national curse; and thus at all times we are like the wailing nation whereof the first-born in every house was stricken.

fieldnounUS /fiːld/

a piece of land cleared of trees and usually enclosed

From this reading They say that the calling of the wounded on the field of Boródino was like the roar of the sea: on my battle-field, where drink has been the only slayer, there are many dead; and I can imagine that I hear the full volume of cries from those who are stricken but still living.

first-born

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I never yet knew one family which had not lost a cherished member through the national curse; and thus at all times we are like the wailing nation whereof the first-born in every house was stricken.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading They say that the calling of the wounded on the field of Boródino was like the roar of the sea: on my battle-field, where drink has been the only slayer, there are many dead; and I can imagine that I hear the full volume of cries from those who are stricken but still living.

fulladjectiveUS /fʊl/

containing as much or as many as is possible or normal

From this reading They say that the calling of the wounded on the field of Boródino was like the roar of the sea: on my battle-field, where drink has been the only slayer, there are many dead; and I can imagine that I hear the full volume of cries from those who are stricken but still living.

griefnounUS /ɡriːf/

intense sorrow caused by loss of a loved one (especially by death)

From this reading England, then, is a country of grief.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading I never yet knew one family which had not lost a cherished member through the national curse; and thus at all times we are like the wailing nation whereof the first-born in every house was stricken.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading They say that the calling of the wounded on the field of Boródino was like the roar of the sea: on my battle-field, where drink has been the only slayer, there are many dead; and I can imagine that I hear the full volume of cries from those who are stricken but still living.

hearverbUS /hiːr/

perceive (sound) via the auditory sense

From this reading They say that the calling of the wounded on the field of Boródino was like the roar of the sea: on my battle-field, where drink has been the only slayer, there are many dead; and I can imagine that I hear the full volume of cries from those who are stricken but still living.

hereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading It is an awful sight, and as I sit here alone I can send my mind over the sad England which I know, and see the army of the mourners.

HopenounUS /hoʊp/

a specific instance of feeling hopeful

From this reading The vision would unsettle my reason if I had not a trifle of Hope remaining.

housenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading I never yet knew one family which had not lost a cherished member through the national curse; and thus at all times we are like the wailing nation whereof the first-born in every house was stricken.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I never yet knew one family which had not lost a cherished member through the national curse; and thus at all times we are like the wailing nation whereof the first-born in every house was stricken.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading The vision would unsettle my reason if I had not a trifle of Hope remaining.

imagineverbUS /ˌɪˈmædʒən/

form a mental image of something that is not present or that is not the case

From this reading They say that the calling of the wounded on the field of Boródino was like the roar of the sea: on my battle-field, where drink has been the only slayer, there are many dead; and I can imagine that I hear the full volume of cries from those who are stricken but still living.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading I never yet knew one family which had not lost a cherished member through the national curse; and thus at all times we are like the wailing nation whereof the first-born in every house was stricken.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading England, then, is a country of grief.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It is an awful sight, and as I sit here alone I can send my mind over the sad England which I know, and see the army of the mourners.

knewverbUS /nuː/

inflected form of “know” — be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading I never yet knew one family which had not lost a cherished member through the national curse; and thus at all times we are like the wailing nation whereof the first-born in every house was stricken.

knowverbUS /noʊ/

be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading It is an awful sight, and as I sit here alone I can send my mind over the sad England which I know, and see the army of the mourners.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading I never yet knew one family which had not lost a cherished member through the national curse; and thus at all times we are like the wailing nation whereof the first-born in every house was stricken.

livingnounUS /ˈlɪvɪŋ/

the experience of being alive; the course of human events and activities

From this reading They say that the calling of the wounded on the field of Boródino was like the roar of the sea: on my battle-field, where drink has been the only slayer, there are many dead; and I can imagine that I hear the full volume of cries from those who are stricken but still living.

lostadjectiveUS /lɔːst/

no longer in your possession or control; unable to be found or recovered

From this reading I never yet knew one family which had not lost a cherished member through the national curse; and thus at all times we are like the wailing nation whereof the first-born in every house was stricken.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading They say that the calling of the wounded on the field of Boródino was like the roar of the sea: on my battle-field, where drink has been the only slayer, there are many dead; and I can imagine that I hear the full volume of cries from those who are stricken but still living.

membernounUS /ˈmembər/

one of the persons who compose a social group (especially individuals who have joined and participate in a group organization)

From this reading I never yet knew one family which had not lost a cherished member through the national curse; and thus at all times we are like the wailing nation whereof the first-born in every house was stricken.

mindnounUS /maɪnd/

The element of a person that enables awareness and thought.

From this reading It is an awful sight, and as I sit here alone I can send my mind over the sad England which I know, and see the army of the mourners.

mournersnounUS /ˈmɔːrnərz/

plural of “mourner” — a person who is feeling grief (as grieving over someone who has died)

From this reading It is an awful sight, and as I sit here alone I can send my mind over the sad England which I know, and see the army of the mourners.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading It is an awful sight, and as I sit here alone I can send my mind over the sad England which I know, and see the army of the mourners.

nationnounUS /ˈneɪʃən/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading I never yet knew one family which had not lost a cherished member through the national curse; and thus at all times we are like the wailing nation whereof the first-born in every house was stricken.

nationaladjectiveUS /ˈnæʃənəl/

of or relating to or belonging to a nation or country

From this reading I never yet knew one family which had not lost a cherished member through the national curse; and thus at all times we are like the wailing nation whereof the first-born in every house was stricken.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading I never yet knew one family which had not lost a cherished member through the national curse; and thus at all times we are like the wailing nation whereof the first-born in every house was stricken.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading I never yet knew one family which had not lost a cherished member through the national curse; and thus at all times we are like the wailing nation whereof the first-born in every house was stricken.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading England, then, is a country of grief.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading They say that the calling of the wounded on the field of Boródino was like the roar of the sea: on my battle-field, where drink has been the only slayer, there are many dead; and I can imagine that I hear the full volume of cries from those who are stricken but still living.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading I never yet knew one family which had not lost a cherished member through the national curse; and thus at all times we are like the wailing nation whereof the first-born in every house was stricken.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading They say that the calling of the wounded on the field of Boródino was like the roar of the sea: on my battle-field, where drink has been the only slayer, there are many dead; and I can imagine that I hear the full volume of cries from those who are stricken but still living.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading It is an awful sight, and as I sit here alone I can send my mind over the sad England which I know, and see the army of the mourners.

reasonnounUS /ˈriːzən/

a rational motive for a belief or action

From this reading The vision would unsettle my reason if I had not a trifle of Hope remaining.

remainingadjectiveUS /rɪˈmeɪnɪŋ/

not used up

From this reading The vision would unsettle my reason if I had not a trifle of Hope remaining.

roarverbUS /rɔːr/

make a loud noise, as of wind, water, or vehicles

From this reading They say that the calling of the wounded on the field of Boródino was like the roar of the sea: on my battle-field, where drink has been the only slayer, there are many dead; and I can imagine that I hear the full volume of cries from those who are stricken but still living.

sadadjectiveUS /sæd/

experiencing or showing sorrow or unhappiness

From this reading It is an awful sight, and as I sit here alone I can send my mind over the sad England which I know, and see the army of the mourners.

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading They say that the calling of the wounded on the field of Boródino was like the roar of the sea: on my battle-field, where drink has been the only slayer, there are many dead; and I can imagine that I hear the full volume of cries from those who are stricken but still living.

seanounUS /siː/

a division of an ocean or a large body of salt water partially enclosed by land

From this reading They say that the calling of the wounded on the field of Boródino was like the roar of the sea: on my battle-field, where drink has been the only slayer, there are many dead; and I can imagine that I hear the full volume of cries from those who are stricken but still living.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading It is an awful sight, and as I sit here alone I can send my mind over the sad England which I know, and see the army of the mourners.

sendverbUS /send/

cause to go somewhere

From this reading It is an awful sight, and as I sit here alone I can send my mind over the sad England which I know, and see the army of the mourners.

sightnounUS /saɪt/

an instance of visual perception

From this reading It is an awful sight, and as I sit here alone I can send my mind over the sad England which I know, and see the army of the mourners.

sitverbUS /sɪt/

be seated

From this reading It is an awful sight, and as I sit here alone I can send my mind over the sad England which I know, and see the army of the mourners.

slayernounUS /ˈsleɪər/

someone who causes the death of a person or animal

From this reading They say that the calling of the wounded on the field of Boródino was like the roar of the sea: on my battle-field, where drink has been the only slayer, there are many dead; and I can imagine that I hear the full volume of cries from those who are stricken but still living.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading They say that the calling of the wounded on the field of Boródino was like the roar of the sea: on my battle-field, where drink has been the only slayer, there are many dead; and I can imagine that I hear the full volume of cries from those who are stricken but still living.

strickenadjectiveUS /ˈstrɪkən/

grievously affected especially by disease

From this reading I never yet knew one family which had not lost a cherished member through the national curse; and thus at all times we are like the wailing nation whereof the first-born in every house was stricken.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading They say that the calling of the wounded on the field of Boródino was like the roar of the sea: on my battle-field, where drink has been the only slayer, there are many dead; and I can imagine that I hear the full volume of cries from those who are stricken but still living.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading I never yet knew one family which had not lost a cherished member through the national curse; and thus at all times we are like the wailing nation whereof the first-born in every house was stricken.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading England, then, is a country of grief.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading They say that the calling of the wounded on the field of Boródino was like the roar of the sea: on my battle-field, where drink has been the only slayer, there are many dead; and I can imagine that I hear the full volume of cries from those who are stricken but still living.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They say that the calling of the wounded on the field of Boródino was like the roar of the sea: on my battle-field, where drink has been the only slayer, there are many dead; and I can imagine that I hear the full volume of cries from those who are stricken but still living.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading They say that the calling of the wounded on the field of Boródino was like the roar of the sea: on my battle-field, where drink has been the only slayer, there are many dead; and I can imagine that I hear the full volume of cries from those who are stricken but still living.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading I never yet knew one family which had not lost a cherished member through the national curse; and thus at all times we are like the wailing nation whereof the first-born in every house was stricken.

thusadverbUS /ðʌs/

(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result

From this reading I never yet knew one family which had not lost a cherished member through the national curse; and thus at all times we are like the wailing nation whereof the first-born in every house was stricken.

timesnounUS /taɪmz/

a more or less definite period of time now or previously present

From this reading I never yet knew one family which had not lost a cherished member through the national curse; and thus at all times we are like the wailing nation whereof the first-born in every house was stricken.

triflenounUS /ˈtraɪfəl/

a cold pudding made of layers of sponge cake spread with fruit or jelly; may be decorated with nuts, cream, or chocolate

From this reading The vision would unsettle my reason if I had not a trifle of Hope remaining.

unsettleverbUS /ənˈsetəl/

disturb the composure of

From this reading The vision would unsettle my reason if I had not a trifle of Hope remaining.

visionnounUS /ˈvɪʒən/

a vivid mental image

From this reading The vision would unsettle my reason if I had not a trifle of Hope remaining.

volumenounUS /ˈvɑːljuːm/

the amount of 3-dimensional space occupied by an object

From this reading They say that the calling of the wounded on the field of Boródino was like the roar of the sea: on my battle-field, where drink has been the only slayer, there are many dead; and I can imagine that I hear the full volume of cries from those who are stricken but still living.

wailingnounUS /ˈweɪlɪŋ/

loud cries made while weeping

From this reading I never yet knew one family which had not lost a cherished member through the national curse; and thus at all times we are like the wailing nation whereof the first-born in every house was stricken.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading I never yet knew one family which had not lost a cherished member through the national curse; and thus at all times we are like the wailing nation whereof the first-born in every house was stricken.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading I never yet knew one family which had not lost a cherished member through the national curse; and thus at all times we are like the wailing nation whereof the first-born in every house was stricken.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading They say that the calling of the wounded on the field of Boródino was like the roar of the sea: on my battle-field, where drink has been the only slayer, there are many dead; and I can imagine that I hear the full volume of cries from those who are stricken but still living.

whereof

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I never yet knew one family which had not lost a cherished member through the national curse; and thus at all times we are like the wailing nation whereof the first-born in every house was stricken.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading I never yet knew one family which had not lost a cherished member through the national curse; and thus at all times we are like the wailing nation whereof the first-born in every house was stricken.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading They say that the calling of the wounded on the field of Boródino was like the roar of the sea: on my battle-field, where drink has been the only slayer, there are many dead; and I can imagine that I hear the full volume of cries from those who are stricken but still living.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading The vision would unsettle my reason if I had not a trifle of Hope remaining.

woundednounUS /ˈwuːndɪd/

people who are wounded

From this reading They say that the calling of the wounded on the field of Boródino was like the roar of the sea: on my battle-field, where drink has been the only slayer, there are many dead; and I can imagine that I hear the full volume of cries from those who are stricken but still living.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading I never yet knew one family which had not lost a cherished member through the national curse; and thus at all times we are like the wailing nation whereof the first-born in every house was stricken.

Chapter 1 of The Ethics of Drink and Other Social by James Runciman holds 438 sentences, grouped into 88 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of The Ethics of Drink and Other Social contain?

Chapter 1 holds 438 sentences of The Ethics of Drink and Other Social, unabridged, divided into 88 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of The Ethics of Drink and Other Social by James Runciman exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 438 sentences, grouped into 88 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of The Ethics of Drink and Other Social?

Work through the 88 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 88 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Yes. All 3423 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #13365 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #13365, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Ethics of Drink and Other Social take to read?

About 285 minutes of reading across 685 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in The Ethics of Drink and Other Social

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Ethics of Drink and Other Social, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

James
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Ethics of Drink and Other Social; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Runciman
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Ethics of Drink and Other Social; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Ethics of Drink and Other Social; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Dream
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Ethics of Drink and Other Social; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.