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The Europeans
The Europeans

Chapter VII · Chapter 7

Chapter 7 of The Europeans is here in full — 439 sentences across 88 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Felix Young finished Gertrude’s portrait, and he afterwards transferred to canvas the features of many members of that circle of which it may be said that he had become for the time the pivot and the centre.
I am afraid it must be confessed that he was a decidedly flattering painter, and that he imparted to his models a romantic grace which seemed easily and cheaply acquired by the payment of a hundred dollars to a young man who made sitting so entertaining.
For Felix was paid for his pictures, making, as he did, no secret of the fact that in guiding his steps to the Western world affectionate curiosity had gone hand in hand with a desire to better his condition.
He took his uncle’s portrait quite as if Mr. Wentworth had never averted himself from the experiment; and as he compassed his end only by the exercise of gentle violence, it is but fair to add that he allowed the old man to give him nothing but his time.
He passed his arm into Mr. Wentworth’s one summer morningvery few arms indeed had ever passed into Mr. Wentworth’sand led him across the garden and along the road into the studio which he had extemporized in the little house among the apple trees.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Europeans

Chapter VII · Chapter 7

Chapter 7 of The Europeans is here in full — 439 sentences across 88 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/87 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Felix Young finished Gertrude’s portrait, and he afterwards transferred to canvas the features of many members of that circle of which it may be said that he had become for the time the pivot and the centre.
Line 2
I am afraid it must be confessed that he was a decidedly flattering painter, and that he imparted to his models a romantic grace which seemed easily and cheaply acquired by the payment of a hundred dollars to a young man who madesittingso entertaining.
/aɪ æm əˈfreɪd ɪt mʌst biː kənˈfest ðæt hiː wɑːz ə ˌdɪˈsaɪdədli ˈflætərɪŋ ˈpeɪntər ənd ðæt hiː ˌɪmˈpɑːrtɪd tuː hɪz ˈmɑːdəlz ə roʊˈmæntɪk ɡreɪs wɪtʃ siːmd ˈiːzəli ənd ˈtʃiːpli əˈkwaɪərd baɪ ðə ˈpeɪmənt ʌv ə ˈhʌndrəd ˈdɑːlərz tuː ə jʌŋ mæn huː meɪd ˈsɪtɪŋ soʊ ˌentərˈteɪnɪŋ/
Line 3
For Felix was paid for his pictures, making, as he did, no secret of the fact that in guiding his steps to the Western world affectionate curiosity had gone hand in hand with a desire to better his condition.
Line 4
He took his uncle’s portrait quite as if Mr. Wentworth had never averted himself from the experiment; and as he compassed his end only by the exercise of gentle violence, it is but fair to add that he allowed the old man to give him nothing but his time.
Line 5
He passed his arm into Mr. Wentworth’s one summer morningvery few arms indeed had ever passed into Mr. Wentworth’sand led him across the garden and along the road into the studio which he had extemporized in the little house among the apple trees.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

averted verb US /əˈvɜːrtɪd/

past form of “avert” — prevent the occurrence of; prevent from happening

From this reading “He took his uncle’s portrait quite as if Mr. Wentworth had never averted himself from the experiment; and as he compassed his end only by the exercise of gentle violence, it is but fair to add that he allowed the old man to give him nothing but his time.”

cheaply adverb US /ˈtʃiːpli/

in a stingy manner

From this reading “I am afraid it must be confessed that he was a decidedly flattering painter, and that he imparted to his models a romantic grace which seemed easily and cheaply acquired by the payment of a hundred dollars to a young man who made “sitting” so entertaining.”

guiding adjective US /ˈɡaɪdɪŋ/

exerting control or influence

From this reading “For Felix was paid for his pictures, making, as he did, no secret of the fact that in guiding his steps to the Western world affectionate curiosity had gone hand in hand with a desire to better his condition.”

imparted verb US /ˌɪmˈpɑːrtɪd/

past form of “impart” — transmit (knowledge or skills)

From this reading “I am afraid it must be confessed that he was a decidedly flattering painter, and that he imparted to his models a romantic grace which seemed easily and cheaply acquired by the payment of a hundred dollars to a young man who made “sitting” so entertaining.”

models noun US /ˈmɑːdəlz/

plural of “model” — a hypothetical description of a complex entity or process

From this reading “I am afraid it must be confessed that he was a decidedly flattering painter, and that he imparted to his models a romantic grace which seemed easily and cheaply acquired by the payment of a hundred dollars to a young man who made “sitting” so entertaining.”

pivot verb US /ˈpɪvət/

turn on a pivot

From this reading “Felix Young finished Gertrude’s portrait, and he afterwards transferred to canvas the features of many members of that circle of which it may be said that he had become for the time the pivot and the centre.”

transferred verb US /trænˈsfɜːrd/

inflected form of “transfer” — transfer somebody to a different position or location of work

From this reading “Felix Young finished Gertrude’s portrait, and he afterwards transferred to canvas the features of many members of that circle of which it may be said that he had become for the time the pivot and the centre.”

uncle's noun US /ˈʌŋkəlz/

possessive form of “uncle” — the brother of your father or mother; the husband of your aunt

All words in this reading · 129

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading I am afraid it must be confessed that he was a decidedly flattering painter, and that he imparted to his models a romantic grace which seemed easily and cheaply acquired by the payment of a hundred dollars to a young man who made “sitting” so entertaining.

acquiredadjectiveUS /əˈkwaɪərd/

gotten through environmental forces

From this reading I am afraid it must be confessed that he was a decidedly flattering painter, and that he imparted to his models a romantic grace which seemed easily and cheaply acquired by the payment of a hundred dollars to a young man who made “sitting” so entertaining.

acrossprepositionUS /əˈkrɔːs/

from one side of something to the other

From this reading He passed his arm into Mr. Wentworth’s one summer morning—very few arms indeed had ever passed into Mr. Wentworth’s—and led him across the garden and along the road into the studio which he had extemporized in the little house among the apple trees.

addverbUS /æd/

make an addition (to); join or combine or unite with others; increase the quality, quantity, size or scope of

From this reading He took his uncle’s portrait quite as if Mr. Wentworth had never averted himself from the experiment; and as he compassed his end only by the exercise of gentle violence, it is but fair to add that he allowed the old man to give him nothing but his time.

affectionateadjectiveUS /əˈfekʃənət/

having or displaying warmth or affection

From this reading For Felix was paid for his pictures, making, as he did, no secret of the fact that in guiding his steps to the Western world affectionate curiosity had gone hand in hand with a desire to better his condition.

afraidadjectiveUS /əˈfreɪd/

filled with fear or apprehension

From this reading I am afraid it must be confessed that he was a decidedly flattering painter, and that he imparted to his models a romantic grace which seemed easily and cheaply acquired by the payment of a hundred dollars to a young man who made “sitting” so entertaining.

afterwardsadverbUS /ˈæftərwərdz/

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading Felix Young finished Gertrude’s portrait, and he afterwards transferred to canvas the features of many members of that circle of which it may be said that he had become for the time the pivot and the centre.

allowedverbUS /əˈlaʊd/

past form of “allow” — make it possible through a specific action or lack of action for something to happen

From this reading He took his uncle’s portrait quite as if Mr. Wentworth had never averted himself from the experiment; and as he compassed his end only by the exercise of gentle violence, it is but fair to add that he allowed the old man to give him nothing but his time.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading He passed his arm into Mr. Wentworth’s one summer morning—very few arms indeed had ever passed into Mr. Wentworth’s—and led him across the garden and along the road into the studio which he had extemporized in the little house among the apple trees.

amauxiliary verbUS /æm/

the form of “be” used with “I”

From this reading I am afraid it must be confessed that he was a decidedly flattering painter, and that he imparted to his models a romantic grace which seemed easily and cheaply acquired by the payment of a hundred dollars to a young man who made “sitting” so entertaining.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading He passed his arm into Mr. Wentworth’s one summer morning—very few arms indeed had ever passed into Mr. Wentworth’s—and led him across the garden and along the road into the studio which he had extemporized in the little house among the apple trees.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Felix Young finished Gertrude’s portrait, and he afterwards transferred to canvas the features of many members of that circle of which it may be said that he had become for the time the pivot and the centre.

applenounUS /ˈæpəl/

fruit with red or yellow or green skin and sweet to tart crisp whitish flesh

From this reading He passed his arm into Mr. Wentworth’s one summer morning—very few arms indeed had ever passed into Mr. Wentworth’s—and led him across the garden and along the road into the studio which he had extemporized in the little house among the apple trees.

armnounUS /ɑːrm/

a human limb; technically the part of the superior limb between the shoulder and the elbow but commonly used to refer to the whole superior limb

From this reading He passed his arm into Mr. Wentworth’s one summer morning—very few arms indeed had ever passed into Mr. Wentworth’s—and led him across the garden and along the road into the studio which he had extemporized in the little house among the apple trees.

armsnounUS /ɑːrmz/

weapons considered collectively

From this reading He passed his arm into Mr. Wentworth’s one summer morning—very few arms indeed had ever passed into Mr. Wentworth’s—and led him across the garden and along the road into the studio which he had extemporized in the little house among the apple trees.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading For Felix was paid for his pictures, making, as he did, no secret of the fact that in guiding his steps to the Western world affectionate curiosity had gone hand in hand with a desire to better his condition.

avertedverbUS /əˈvɜːrtɪd/

past form of “avert” — prevent the occurrence of; prevent from happening

From this reading He took his uncle’s portrait quite as if Mr. Wentworth had never averted himself from the experiment; and as he compassed his end only by the exercise of gentle violence, it is but fair to add that he allowed the old man to give him nothing but his time.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Felix Young finished Gertrude’s portrait, and he afterwards transferred to canvas the features of many members of that circle of which it may be said that he had become for the time the pivot and the centre.

becomeverbUS /bɪˈkʌm/

enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading Felix Young finished Gertrude’s portrait, and he afterwards transferred to canvas the features of many members of that circle of which it may be said that he had become for the time the pivot and the centre.

betteradjectiveUS /ˈbetər/

(comparative of “good”) superior to another (of the same class or set or kind) in excellence or quality or desirability or suitability; more highly skilled than another

From this reading For Felix was paid for his pictures, making, as he did, no secret of the fact that in guiding his steps to the Western world affectionate curiosity had gone hand in hand with a desire to better his condition.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading He took his uncle’s portrait quite as if Mr. Wentworth had never averted himself from the experiment; and as he compassed his end only by the exercise of gentle violence, it is but fair to add that he allowed the old man to give him nothing but his time.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading I am afraid it must be confessed that he was a decidedly flattering painter, and that he imparted to his models a romantic grace which seemed easily and cheaply acquired by the payment of a hundred dollars to a young man who made “sitting” so entertaining.

canvasnounUS /ˈkænvəs/

a heavy, closely woven fabric (used for clothing or chairs or sails or tents)

From this reading Felix Young finished Gertrude’s portrait, and he afterwards transferred to canvas the features of many members of that circle of which it may be said that he had become for the time the pivot and the centre.

centrenounUS /ˈsentər/

a low-lying region in central France

From this reading Felix Young finished Gertrude’s portrait, and he afterwards transferred to canvas the features of many members of that circle of which it may be said that he had become for the time the pivot and the centre.

cheaplyadverbUS /ˈtʃiːpli/

in a stingy manner

From this reading I am afraid it must be confessed that he was a decidedly flattering painter, and that he imparted to his models a romantic grace which seemed easily and cheaply acquired by the payment of a hundred dollars to a young man who made “sitting” so entertaining.

circlenounUS /ˈsɜːrkəl/

ellipse in which the two axes are of equal length; a plane curve generated by one point moving at a constant distance from a fixed point

From this reading Felix Young finished Gertrude’s portrait, and he afterwards transferred to canvas the features of many members of that circle of which it may be said that he had become for the time the pivot and the centre.

compassed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He took his uncle’s portrait quite as if Mr. Wentworth had never averted himself from the experiment; and as he compassed his end only by the exercise of gentle violence, it is but fair to add that he allowed the old man to give him nothing but his time.

conditionnounUS /kənˈdɪʃən/

a state at a particular time

From this reading For Felix was paid for his pictures, making, as he did, no secret of the fact that in guiding his steps to the Western world affectionate curiosity had gone hand in hand with a desire to better his condition.

confessedverbUS /kənˈfest/

past form of “confess” — confess to a punishable or reprehensible deed, usually under pressure

From this reading I am afraid it must be confessed that he was a decidedly flattering painter, and that he imparted to his models a romantic grace which seemed easily and cheaply acquired by the payment of a hundred dollars to a young man who made “sitting” so entertaining.

curiositynounUS /ˌkjʊriˈɑːsəti/

a state in which you want to learn more about something

From this reading For Felix was paid for his pictures, making, as he did, no secret of the fact that in guiding his steps to the Western world affectionate curiosity had gone hand in hand with a desire to better his condition.

decidedlyadverbUS /ˌdɪˈsaɪdədli/

without question and beyond doubt

From this reading I am afraid it must be confessed that he was a decidedly flattering painter, and that he imparted to his models a romantic grace which seemed easily and cheaply acquired by the payment of a hundred dollars to a young man who made “sitting” so entertaining.

desirenounUS /dɪˈzaɪər/

the feeling that accompanies an unsatisfied state

From this reading For Felix was paid for his pictures, making, as he did, no secret of the fact that in guiding his steps to the Western world affectionate curiosity had gone hand in hand with a desire to better his condition.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading For Felix was paid for his pictures, making, as he did, no secret of the fact that in guiding his steps to the Western world affectionate curiosity had gone hand in hand with a desire to better his condition.

dollarsnounUS /ˈdɑːlərz/

plural of “dollar” — the basic monetary unit in many countries; equal to 100 cents

From this reading I am afraid it must be confessed that he was a decidedly flattering painter, and that he imparted to his models a romantic grace which seemed easily and cheaply acquired by the payment of a hundred dollars to a young man who made “sitting” so entertaining.

easilyadverbUS /ˈiːzəli/

with ease (“easy” is sometimes used informally for “easily”)

From this reading I am afraid it must be confessed that he was a decidedly flattering painter, and that he imparted to his models a romantic grace which seemed easily and cheaply acquired by the payment of a hundred dollars to a young man who made “sitting” so entertaining.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading He took his uncle’s portrait quite as if Mr. Wentworth had never averted himself from the experiment; and as he compassed his end only by the exercise of gentle violence, it is but fair to add that he allowed the old man to give him nothing but his time.

entertainingadjectiveUS /ˌentərˈteɪnɪŋ/

agreeably diverting

From this reading I am afraid it must be confessed that he was a decidedly flattering painter, and that he imparted to his models a romantic grace which seemed easily and cheaply acquired by the payment of a hundred dollars to a young man who made “sitting” so entertaining.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading He passed his arm into Mr. Wentworth’s one summer morning—very few arms indeed had ever passed into Mr. Wentworth’s—and led him across the garden and along the road into the studio which he had extemporized in the little house among the apple trees.

exercisenounUS /ˈeksərsaɪz/

the activity of exerting your muscles in various ways to keep fit

From this reading He took his uncle’s portrait quite as if Mr. Wentworth had never averted himself from the experiment; and as he compassed his end only by the exercise of gentle violence, it is but fair to add that he allowed the old man to give him nothing but his time.

experimentnounUS /ɪkˈsperəmənt/

the act of conducting a controlled test or investigation

From this reading He took his uncle’s portrait quite as if Mr. Wentworth had never averted himself from the experiment; and as he compassed his end only by the exercise of gentle violence, it is but fair to add that he allowed the old man to give him nothing but his time.

extemporized

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He passed his arm into Mr. Wentworth’s one summer morning—very few arms indeed had ever passed into Mr. Wentworth’s—and led him across the garden and along the road into the studio which he had extemporized in the little house among the apple trees.

factnounUS /fækt/

a piece of information about circumstances that exist or events that have occurred

From this reading For Felix was paid for his pictures, making, as he did, no secret of the fact that in guiding his steps to the Western world affectionate curiosity had gone hand in hand with a desire to better his condition.

fairadjectiveUS /fer/

free from favoritism or self-interest or bias or deception; conforming with established standards or rules

From this reading He took his uncle’s portrait quite as if Mr. Wentworth had never averted himself from the experiment; and as he compassed his end only by the exercise of gentle violence, it is but fair to add that he allowed the old man to give him nothing but his time.

featuresnounUS /ˈfiːtʃərz/

plural of “feature” — a prominent attribute or aspect of something

From this reading Felix Young finished Gertrude’s portrait, and he afterwards transferred to canvas the features of many members of that circle of which it may be said that he had become for the time the pivot and the centre.

Felix

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Felix Young finished Gertrude’s portrait, and he afterwards transferred to canvas the features of many members of that circle of which it may be said that he had become for the time the pivot and the centre.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading He passed his arm into Mr. Wentworth’s one summer morning—very few arms indeed had ever passed into Mr. Wentworth’s—and led him across the garden and along the road into the studio which he had extemporized in the little house among the apple trees.

finishedadjectiveUS /ˈfɪnɪʃt/

(of materials or goods) brought to the desired final state

From this reading Felix Young finished Gertrude’s portrait, and he afterwards transferred to canvas the features of many members of that circle of which it may be said that he had become for the time the pivot and the centre.

flatteringadjectiveUS /ˈflætərɪŋ/

showing or representing to advantage

From this reading I am afraid it must be confessed that he was a decidedly flattering painter, and that he imparted to his models a romantic grace which seemed easily and cheaply acquired by the payment of a hundred dollars to a young man who made “sitting” so entertaining.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Felix Young finished Gertrude’s portrait, and he afterwards transferred to canvas the features of many members of that circle of which it may be said that he had become for the time the pivot and the centre.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading He took his uncle’s portrait quite as if Mr. Wentworth had never averted himself from the experiment; and as he compassed his end only by the exercise of gentle violence, it is but fair to add that he allowed the old man to give him nothing but his time.

gardennounUS /ˈɡɑːrdən/

a plot of ground where plants are cultivated

From this reading He passed his arm into Mr. Wentworth’s one summer morning—very few arms indeed had ever passed into Mr. Wentworth’s—and led him across the garden and along the road into the studio which he had extemporized in the little house among the apple trees.

gentleadjectiveUS /ˈdʒentəl/

soft and mild; not harsh or stern or severe

From this reading He took his uncle’s portrait quite as if Mr. Wentworth had never averted himself from the experiment; and as he compassed his end only by the exercise of gentle violence, it is but fair to add that he allowed the old man to give him nothing but his time.

Gertrude's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Felix Young finished Gertrude’s portrait, and he afterwards transferred to canvas the features of many members of that circle of which it may be said that he had become for the time the pivot and the centre.

giveverbUS /ɡɪv/

cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading He took his uncle’s portrait quite as if Mr. Wentworth had never averted himself from the experiment; and as he compassed his end only by the exercise of gentle violence, it is but fair to add that he allowed the old man to give him nothing but his time.

goneadjectiveUS /ɡɔːn/

destroyed or killed

From this reading For Felix was paid for his pictures, making, as he did, no secret of the fact that in guiding his steps to the Western world affectionate curiosity had gone hand in hand with a desire to better his condition.

gracenounUS /ɡreɪs/

(Christian theology) a state of sanctification by God; the state of one who is under such divine influence

From this reading I am afraid it must be confessed that he was a decidedly flattering painter, and that he imparted to his models a romantic grace which seemed easily and cheaply acquired by the payment of a hundred dollars to a young man who made “sitting” so entertaining.

guidingadjectiveUS /ˈɡaɪdɪŋ/

exerting control or influence

From this reading For Felix was paid for his pictures, making, as he did, no secret of the fact that in guiding his steps to the Western world affectionate curiosity had gone hand in hand with a desire to better his condition.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Felix Young finished Gertrude’s portrait, and he afterwards transferred to canvas the features of many members of that circle of which it may be said that he had become for the time the pivot and the centre.

handnounUS /hænd/

the (prehensile) extremity of the superior limb

From this reading For Felix was paid for his pictures, making, as he did, no secret of the fact that in guiding his steps to the Western world affectionate curiosity had gone hand in hand with a desire to better his condition.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Felix Young finished Gertrude’s portrait, and he afterwards transferred to canvas the features of many members of that circle of which it may be said that he had become for the time the pivot and the centre.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading He took his uncle’s portrait quite as if Mr. Wentworth had never averted himself from the experiment; and as he compassed his end only by the exercise of gentle violence, it is but fair to add that he allowed the old man to give him nothing but his time.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading He took his uncle’s portrait quite as if Mr. Wentworth had never averted himself from the experiment; and as he compassed his end only by the exercise of gentle violence, it is but fair to add that he allowed the old man to give him nothing but his time.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading I am afraid it must be confessed that he was a decidedly flattering painter, and that he imparted to his models a romantic grace which seemed easily and cheaply acquired by the payment of a hundred dollars to a young man who made “sitting” so entertaining.

housenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading He passed his arm into Mr. Wentworth’s one summer morning—very few arms indeed had ever passed into Mr. Wentworth’s—and led him across the garden and along the road into the studio which he had extemporized in the little house among the apple trees.

hundrednounUS /ˈhʌndrəd/

ten 10s

From this reading I am afraid it must be confessed that he was a decidedly flattering painter, and that he imparted to his models a romantic grace which seemed easily and cheaply acquired by the payment of a hundred dollars to a young man who made “sitting” so entertaining.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I am afraid it must be confessed that he was a decidedly flattering painter, and that he imparted to his models a romantic grace which seemed easily and cheaply acquired by the payment of a hundred dollars to a young man who made “sitting” so entertaining.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading He took his uncle’s portrait quite as if Mr. Wentworth had never averted himself from the experiment; and as he compassed his end only by the exercise of gentle violence, it is but fair to add that he allowed the old man to give him nothing but his time.

impartedverbUS /ˌɪmˈpɑːrtɪd/

past form of “impart” — transmit (knowledge or skills)

From this reading I am afraid it must be confessed that he was a decidedly flattering painter, and that he imparted to his models a romantic grace which seemed easily and cheaply acquired by the payment of a hundred dollars to a young man who made “sitting” so entertaining.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading For Felix was paid for his pictures, making, as he did, no secret of the fact that in guiding his steps to the Western world affectionate curiosity had gone hand in hand with a desire to better his condition.

indeedadverbUS /ˌɪnˈdiːd/

in truth (often tends to intensify)

From this reading He passed his arm into Mr. Wentworth’s one summer morning—very few arms indeed had ever passed into Mr. Wentworth’s—and led him across the garden and along the road into the studio which he had extemporized in the little house among the apple trees.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading He passed his arm into Mr. Wentworth’s one summer morning—very few arms indeed had ever passed into Mr. Wentworth’s—and led him across the garden and along the road into the studio which he had extemporized in the little house among the apple trees.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading He took his uncle’s portrait quite as if Mr. Wentworth had never averted himself from the experiment; and as he compassed his end only by the exercise of gentle violence, it is but fair to add that he allowed the old man to give him nothing but his time.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Felix Young finished Gertrude’s portrait, and he afterwards transferred to canvas the features of many members of that circle of which it may be said that he had become for the time the pivot and the centre.

lednounUS /led/

diode such that light emitted at a p-n junction is proportional to the bias current; color depends on the material used

From this reading He passed his arm into Mr. Wentworth’s one summer morning—very few arms indeed had ever passed into Mr. Wentworth’s—and led him across the garden and along the road into the studio which he had extemporized in the little house among the apple trees.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading He passed his arm into Mr. Wentworth’s one summer morning—very few arms indeed had ever passed into Mr. Wentworth’s—and led him across the garden and along the road into the studio which he had extemporized in the little house among the apple trees.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading I am afraid it must be confessed that he was a decidedly flattering painter, and that he imparted to his models a romantic grace which seemed easily and cheaply acquired by the payment of a hundred dollars to a young man who made “sitting” so entertaining.

makingnounUS /ˈmeɪkɪŋ/

the act that results in something coming to be

From this reading For Felix was paid for his pictures, making, as he did, no secret of the fact that in guiding his steps to the Western world affectionate curiosity had gone hand in hand with a desire to better his condition.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading I am afraid it must be confessed that he was a decidedly flattering painter, and that he imparted to his models a romantic grace which seemed easily and cheaply acquired by the payment of a hundred dollars to a young man who made “sitting” so entertaining.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading Felix Young finished Gertrude’s portrait, and he afterwards transferred to canvas the features of many members of that circle of which it may be said that he had become for the time the pivot and the centre.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading Felix Young finished Gertrude’s portrait, and he afterwards transferred to canvas the features of many members of that circle of which it may be said that he had become for the time the pivot and the centre.

membersnounUS /ˈmembərz/

plural of “member” — one of the persons who compose a social group (especially individuals who have joined and participate in a group organization)

From this reading Felix Young finished Gertrude’s portrait, and he afterwards transferred to canvas the features of many members of that circle of which it may be said that he had become for the time the pivot and the centre.

modelsnounUS /ˈmɑːdəlz/

plural of “model” — a hypothetical description of a complex entity or process

From this reading I am afraid it must be confessed that he was a decidedly flattering painter, and that he imparted to his models a romantic grace which seemed easily and cheaply acquired by the payment of a hundred dollars to a young man who made “sitting” so entertaining.

morningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading He passed his arm into Mr. Wentworth’s one summer morning—very few arms indeed had ever passed into Mr. Wentworth’s—and led him across the garden and along the road into the studio which he had extemporized in the little house among the apple trees.

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading He took his uncle’s portrait quite as if Mr. Wentworth had never averted himself from the experiment; and as he compassed his end only by the exercise of gentle violence, it is but fair to add that he allowed the old man to give him nothing but his time.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading I am afraid it must be confessed that he was a decidedly flattering painter, and that he imparted to his models a romantic grace which seemed easily and cheaply acquired by the payment of a hundred dollars to a young man who made “sitting” so entertaining.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading He took his uncle’s portrait quite as if Mr. Wentworth had never averted himself from the experiment; and as he compassed his end only by the exercise of gentle violence, it is but fair to add that he allowed the old man to give him nothing but his time.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading For Felix was paid for his pictures, making, as he did, no secret of the fact that in guiding his steps to the Western world affectionate curiosity had gone hand in hand with a desire to better his condition.

nothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading He took his uncle’s portrait quite as if Mr. Wentworth had never averted himself from the experiment; and as he compassed his end only by the exercise of gentle violence, it is but fair to add that he allowed the old man to give him nothing but his time.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Felix Young finished Gertrude’s portrait, and he afterwards transferred to canvas the features of many members of that circle of which it may be said that he had become for the time the pivot and the centre.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading He took his uncle’s portrait quite as if Mr. Wentworth had never averted himself from the experiment; and as he compassed his end only by the exercise of gentle violence, it is but fair to add that he allowed the old man to give him nothing but his time.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading He passed his arm into Mr. Wentworth’s one summer morning—very few arms indeed had ever passed into Mr. Wentworth’s—and led him across the garden and along the road into the studio which he had extemporized in the little house among the apple trees.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading He took his uncle’s portrait quite as if Mr. Wentworth had never averted himself from the experiment; and as he compassed his end only by the exercise of gentle violence, it is but fair to add that he allowed the old man to give him nothing but his time.

paidadjectiveUS /peɪd/

marked by the reception of pay

From this reading For Felix was paid for his pictures, making, as he did, no secret of the fact that in guiding his steps to the Western world affectionate curiosity had gone hand in hand with a desire to better his condition.

painternounUS /ˈpeɪntər/

an artist who paints

From this reading I am afraid it must be confessed that he was a decidedly flattering painter, and that he imparted to his models a romantic grace which seemed easily and cheaply acquired by the payment of a hundred dollars to a young man who made “sitting” so entertaining.

passedverbUS /pæst/

past form of “pass” — go across or through

From this reading He passed his arm into Mr. Wentworth’s one summer morning—very few arms indeed had ever passed into Mr. Wentworth’s—and led him across the garden and along the road into the studio which he had extemporized in the little house among the apple trees.

paymentnounUS /ˈpeɪmənt/

a sum of money paid or a claim discharged

From this reading I am afraid it must be confessed that he was a decidedly flattering painter, and that he imparted to his models a romantic grace which seemed easily and cheaply acquired by the payment of a hundred dollars to a young man who made “sitting” so entertaining.

picturesnounUS /ˈpɪktʃərz/

plural of “picture” — a visual representation (of an object or scene or person or abstraction) produced on a surface

From this reading For Felix was paid for his pictures, making, as he did, no secret of the fact that in guiding his steps to the Western world affectionate curiosity had gone hand in hand with a desire to better his condition.

pivotverbUS /ˈpɪvət/

turn on a pivot

From this reading Felix Young finished Gertrude’s portrait, and he afterwards transferred to canvas the features of many members of that circle of which it may be said that he had become for the time the pivot and the centre.

portraitnounUS /ˈpɔːrtrət/

a word picture of a person's appearance and character

From this reading Felix Young finished Gertrude’s portrait, and he afterwards transferred to canvas the features of many members of that circle of which it may be said that he had become for the time the pivot and the centre.

quiteadverbUS /kwaɪt/

to a degree (not used with a negative)

From this reading He took his uncle’s portrait quite as if Mr. Wentworth had never averted himself from the experiment; and as he compassed his end only by the exercise of gentle violence, it is but fair to add that he allowed the old man to give him nothing but his time.

roadnounUS /roʊd/

an open way (generally public) for travel or transportation

From this reading He passed his arm into Mr. Wentworth’s one summer morning—very few arms indeed had ever passed into Mr. Wentworth’s—and led him across the garden and along the road into the studio which he had extemporized in the little house among the apple trees.

romanticadjectiveUS /roʊˈmæntɪk/

belonging to or characteristic of Romanticism or the Romantic Movement in the arts

From this reading I am afraid it must be confessed that he was a decidedly flattering painter, and that he imparted to his models a romantic grace which seemed easily and cheaply acquired by the payment of a hundred dollars to a young man who made “sitting” so entertaining.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading Felix Young finished Gertrude’s portrait, and he afterwards transferred to canvas the features of many members of that circle of which it may be said that he had become for the time the pivot and the centre.

secretnounUS /ˈsiː.krət/

Something that is kept or meant to be kept unknown or unseen by others.

From this reading For Felix was paid for his pictures, making, as he did, no secret of the fact that in guiding his steps to the Western world affectionate curiosity had gone hand in hand with a desire to better his condition.

seemedverbUS /siːmd/

past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading I am afraid it must be confessed that he was a decidedly flattering painter, and that he imparted to his models a romantic grace which seemed easily and cheaply acquired by the payment of a hundred dollars to a young man who made “sitting” so entertaining.

sittingnounUS /ˈsɪtɪŋ/

(photography) the act of assuming a certain position (as for a photograph or portrait)

From this reading I am afraid it must be confessed that he was a decidedly flattering painter, and that he imparted to his models a romantic grace which seemed easily and cheaply acquired by the payment of a hundred dollars to a young man who made “sitting” so entertaining.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading I am afraid it must be confessed that he was a decidedly flattering painter, and that he imparted to his models a romantic grace which seemed easily and cheaply acquired by the payment of a hundred dollars to a young man who made “sitting” so entertaining.

stepsnounUS /steps/

a flight of stairs or a flight of steps

From this reading For Felix was paid for his pictures, making, as he did, no secret of the fact that in guiding his steps to the Western world affectionate curiosity had gone hand in hand with a desire to better his condition.

studionounUS /ˈstuːdioʊ/

workplace for the teaching or practice of an art

From this reading He passed his arm into Mr. Wentworth’s one summer morning—very few arms indeed had ever passed into Mr. Wentworth’s—and led him across the garden and along the road into the studio which he had extemporized in the little house among the apple trees.

summernounUS /ˈsʌmər/

the warmest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the summer solstice to the autumnal equinox

From this reading He passed his arm into Mr. Wentworth’s one summer morning—very few arms indeed had ever passed into Mr. Wentworth’s—and led him across the garden and along the road into the studio which he had extemporized in the little house among the apple trees.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Felix Young finished Gertrude’s portrait, and he afterwards transferred to canvas the features of many members of that circle of which it may be said that he had become for the time the pivot and the centre.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Felix Young finished Gertrude’s portrait, and he afterwards transferred to canvas the features of many members of that circle of which it may be said that he had become for the time the pivot and the centre.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Felix Young finished Gertrude’s portrait, and he afterwards transferred to canvas the features of many members of that circle of which it may be said that he had become for the time the pivot and the centre.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Felix Young finished Gertrude’s portrait, and he afterwards transferred to canvas the features of many members of that circle of which it may be said that he had become for the time the pivot and the centre.

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading He took his uncle’s portrait quite as if Mr. Wentworth had never averted himself from the experiment; and as he compassed his end only by the exercise of gentle violence, it is but fair to add that he allowed the old man to give him nothing but his time.

transferredverbUS /trænˈsfɜːrd/

inflected form of “transfer” — transfer somebody to a different position or location of work

From this reading Felix Young finished Gertrude’s portrait, and he afterwards transferred to canvas the features of many members of that circle of which it may be said that he had become for the time the pivot and the centre.

treesnounUS /triːz/

plural of “tree” — a tall perennial woody plant having a main trunk and branches forming a distinct elevated crown; includes both gymnosperms and angiosperms

From this reading He passed his arm into Mr. Wentworth’s one summer morning—very few arms indeed had ever passed into Mr. Wentworth’s—and led him across the garden and along the road into the studio which he had extemporized in the little house among the apple trees.

uncle'snounUS /ˈʌŋkəlz/

possessive form of “uncle” — the brother of your father or mother; the husband of your aunt

From this reading He took his uncle’s portrait quite as if Mr. Wentworth had never averted himself from the experiment; and as he compassed his end only by the exercise of gentle violence, it is but fair to add that he allowed the old man to give him nothing but his time.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading He passed his arm into Mr. Wentworth’s one summer morning—very few arms indeed had ever passed into Mr. Wentworth’s—and led him across the garden and along the road into the studio which he had extemporized in the little house among the apple trees.

violencenounUS /ˈvaɪələns/

an act of aggression (as one against a person who resists)

From this reading He took his uncle’s portrait quite as if Mr. Wentworth had never averted himself from the experiment; and as he compassed his end only by the exercise of gentle violence, it is but fair to add that he allowed the old man to give him nothing but his time.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading I am afraid it must be confessed that he was a decidedly flattering painter, and that he imparted to his models a romantic grace which seemed easily and cheaply acquired by the payment of a hundred dollars to a young man who made “sitting” so entertaining.

Wentworth

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He took his uncle’s portrait quite as if Mr. Wentworth had never averted himself from the experiment; and as he compassed his end only by the exercise of gentle violence, it is but fair to add that he allowed the old man to give him nothing but his time.

Wentworth's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He passed his arm into Mr. Wentworth’s one summer morning—very few arms indeed had ever passed into Mr. Wentworth’s—and led him across the garden and along the road into the studio which he had extemporized in the little house among the apple trees.

WesternadjectiveUS /ˈwestərn/

relating to or characteristic of the western parts of the world or the West as opposed to the eastern or oriental parts

From this reading For Felix was paid for his pictures, making, as he did, no secret of the fact that in guiding his steps to the Western world affectionate curiosity had gone hand in hand with a desire to better his condition.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Felix Young finished Gertrude’s portrait, and he afterwards transferred to canvas the features of many members of that circle of which it may be said that he had become for the time the pivot and the centre.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading I am afraid it must be confessed that he was a decidedly flattering painter, and that he imparted to his models a romantic grace which seemed easily and cheaply acquired by the payment of a hundred dollars to a young man who made “sitting” so entertaining.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading For Felix was paid for his pictures, making, as he did, no secret of the fact that in guiding his steps to the Western world affectionate curiosity had gone hand in hand with a desire to better his condition.

worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading For Felix was paid for his pictures, making, as he did, no secret of the fact that in guiding his steps to the Western world affectionate curiosity had gone hand in hand with a desire to better his condition.

YoungadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading Felix Young finished Gertrude’s portrait, and he afterwards transferred to canvas the features of many members of that circle of which it may be said that he had become for the time the pivot and the centre.

Chapter 7 of The Europeans by Henry James holds 439 sentences, grouped into 88 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 7 of The Europeans contain?

Chapter 7 holds 439 sentences of The Europeans, unabridged, divided into 88 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 7 of The Europeans by Henry James exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 439 sentences, grouped into 88 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 7 of The Europeans?

Work through the 88 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 88 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 7 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 7 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Europeans

Common questions about reading The Europeans by Henry James on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Europeans?

Yes. All 4165 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #179 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Europeans is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #179, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Europeans take to read?

About 347 minutes of reading across 833 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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How to work through The Europeans section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Europeans

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Europeans, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Narrow
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Europeans; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Grave-yard
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Europeans; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Heart
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Europeans; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Bustling
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Europeans; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.