Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
The Executioner's Knife
The Executioner's Knife

Chapter XIX

Chapter 19 of The Executioner's Knife is here in full — 35 sentences across 7 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Executioner's Knife
Context Illustration Reading 1/7 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE TEST.
Animated by conflicting sentiments, the men and women of the court of Charles VII, gathered in a gallery of the Castle of Chinon, awaited the arrival of Joan the Maid.
Some, and they were few, believed the girl inspired; most of the others regarded her either as a poor visionary, a docile instrument that might be turned to account by the heads of the State, or an adventuress whom her own audacity, coupled to the credulity of fools, was pushing forward.
All, however, whatever their opinion concerning the mission that the peasant girl of Domremy claimed for herself, saw in her a daughter of the rustic plebs, and asked themselves how the Lord could have chosen his elect from such a low condition.
Splendidly dressed, the Sire of Trans sat on what looked like a throne--an elevated seat placed under a canopy at one end of the gallery.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Executioner's Knife

Chapter XIX

Chapter 19 of The Executioner's Knife is here in full — 35 sentences across 7 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/7 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE TEST.
/ðə test/
Line 2
Animated by conflicting sentiments, the men and women of the court of Charles VII, gathered in a gallery of the Castle of Chinon, awaited the arrival of Joan the Maid.
Line 3
Some, and they were few, believed the girl inspired; most of the others regarded her either as a poor visionary, a docile instrument that might be turned to account by the heads of the State, or an adventuress whom her own audacity, coupled to the credulity of fools, was pushing forward.
Line 4
All, however, whatever their opinion concerning the mission that the peasant girl of Domremy claimed for herself, saw in her a daughter of the rustic plebs, and asked themselves how the Lord could have chosen his elect from such a low condition.
Line 5
Splendidly dressed, the Sire of Trans sat on what looked like a throne--an elevated seat placed under a canopy at one end of the gallery.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

canopy noun US /ˈkæn.ə.pi/

An overhead roof or structure, such as the high vaulted ceiling of an ancient library.

From this reading “Splendidly dressed, the Sire of Trans sat on what looked like a throne--an elevated seat placed under a canopy at one end of the gallery.”

conflicting adjective US /kənˈflɪktɪŋ/

in disagreement

From this reading “Animated by conflicting sentiments, the men and women of the court of Charles VII, gathered in a gallery of the Castle of Chinon, awaited the arrival of Joan the Maid.”

coupled adjective US /ˈkʌpəld/

joined together especially in a pair or pairs

From this reading “Some, and they were few, believed the girl inspired; most of the others regarded her either as a poor visionary, a docile instrument that might be turned to account by the heads of the State, or an adventuress whom her own audacity, coupled to the credulity of fools, was pushing forward.”

credulity noun US /krɪˈduːləti/

tendency to believe readily

From this reading “Some, and they were few, believed the girl inspired; most of the others regarded her either as a poor visionary, a docile instrument that might be turned to account by the heads of the State, or an adventuress whom her own audacity, coupled to the credulity of fools, was pushing forward.”

docile adjective US /ˈdɑːsəl/

willing to be taught or led or supervised or directed

From this reading “Some, and they were few, believed the girl inspired; most of the others regarded her either as a poor visionary, a docile instrument that might be turned to account by the heads of the State, or an adventuress whom her own audacity, coupled to the credulity of fools, was pushing forward.”

elect verb US /ɪˈlekt/

select by a vote for an office or membership

From this reading “All, however, whatever their opinion concerning the mission that the peasant girl of Domremy claimed for herself, saw in her a daughter of the rustic plebs, and asked themselves how the Lord could have chosen his elect from such a low condition.”

Splendidly adverb US /ˈsplendədli/

extremely well

From this reading “Splendidly dressed, the Sire of Trans sat on what looked like a throne--an elevated seat placed under a canopy at one end of the gallery.”

visionary noun US /ˈvɪʒəneri/

a person given to fanciful speculations and enthusiasms with little regard for what is actually possible

From this reading “Some, and they were few, believed the girl inspired; most of the others regarded her either as a poor visionary, a docile instrument that might be turned to account by the heads of the State, or an adventuress whom her own audacity, coupled to the credulity of fools, was pushing forward.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

Splendidly dressed adverb + adjective

In this reading “Splendidly dressed, the Sire of Trans sat on what looked like a throne--an elevated seat placed under a canopy at one end of the gallery.”

under a canopy preposition + article + noun counted as “under … canopy”

In this reading “Splendidly dressed, the Sire of Trans sat on what looked like a throne--an elevated seat placed under a canopy at one end of the gallery.”

opinion concerning noun + noun counted as “opinion concern”

In this reading “All, however, whatever their opinion concerning the mission that the peasant girl of Domremy claimed for herself, saw in her a daughter of the rustic plebs, and asked themselves how the Lord could have chosen his elect from such a low condition.”

peasant girl noun + noun

In this reading “All, however, whatever their opinion concerning the mission that the peasant girl of Domremy claimed for herself, saw in her a daughter of the rustic plebs, and asked themselves how the Lord could have chosen his elect from such a low condition.”

in a gallery preposition + article + noun counted as “in … gallery”

In this reading “Animated by conflicting sentiments, the men and women of the court of Charles VII, gathered in a gallery of the Castle of Chinon, awaited the arrival of Joan the Maid.”

All words in this reading · 107

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Animated by conflicting sentiments, the men and women of the court of Charles VII, gathered in a gallery of the Castle of Chinon, awaited the arrival of Joan the Maid.

accountnounUS /əˈkaʊnt/

a record or narrative description of past events

From this reading Some, and they were few, believed the girl inspired; most of the others regarded her either as a poor visionary, a docile instrument that might be turned to account by the heads of the State, or an adventuress whom her own audacity, coupled to the credulity of fools, was pushing forward.

adventuressnoun

a woman adventurer

From this reading Some, and they were few, believed the girl inspired; most of the others regarded her either as a poor visionary, a docile instrument that might be turned to account by the heads of the State, or an adventuress whom her own audacity, coupled to the credulity of fools, was pushing forward.

AlladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading All, however, whatever their opinion concerning the mission that the peasant girl of Domremy claimed for herself, saw in her a daughter of the rustic plebs, and asked themselves how the Lord could have chosen his elect from such a low condition.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Some, and they were few, believed the girl inspired; most of the others regarded her either as a poor visionary, a docile instrument that might be turned to account by the heads of the State, or an adventuress whom her own audacity, coupled to the credulity of fools, was pushing forward.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Animated by conflicting sentiments, the men and women of the court of Charles VII, gathered in a gallery of the Castle of Chinon, awaited the arrival of Joan the Maid.

AnimatedadjectiveUS /ˈænəmeɪtɪd/

having life or vigor or spirit

From this reading Animated by conflicting sentiments, the men and women of the court of Charles VII, gathered in a gallery of the Castle of Chinon, awaited the arrival of Joan the Maid.

arrivalnounUS /ərˈaɪvəl/

accomplishment of an objective

From this reading Animated by conflicting sentiments, the men and women of the court of Charles VII, gathered in a gallery of the Castle of Chinon, awaited the arrival of Joan the Maid.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Some, and they were few, believed the girl inspired; most of the others regarded her either as a poor visionary, a docile instrument that might be turned to account by the heads of the State, or an adventuress whom her own audacity, coupled to the credulity of fools, was pushing forward.

askedverbUS /æskt/

past form of “ask” — make a request or demand for something to somebody

From this reading All, however, whatever their opinion concerning the mission that the peasant girl of Domremy claimed for herself, saw in her a daughter of the rustic plebs, and asked themselves how the Lord could have chosen his elect from such a low condition.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Splendidly dressed, the Sire of Trans sat on what looked like a throne--an elevated seat placed under a canopy at one end of the gallery.

audacitynounUS /ɑːˈdæs.ə.t̬i/

A willingness to take bold risks; insolent and daring boldness that defies all authority.

From this reading Some, and they were few, believed the girl inspired; most of the others regarded her either as a poor visionary, a docile instrument that might be turned to account by the heads of the State, or an adventuress whom her own audacity, coupled to the credulity of fools, was pushing forward.

awaitedadjectiveUS /əˈweɪtɪd/

expected hopefully

From this reading Animated by conflicting sentiments, the men and women of the court of Charles VII, gathered in a gallery of the Castle of Chinon, awaited the arrival of Joan the Maid.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Some, and they were few, believed the girl inspired; most of the others regarded her either as a poor visionary, a docile instrument that might be turned to account by the heads of the State, or an adventuress whom her own audacity, coupled to the credulity of fools, was pushing forward.

believedverbUS /bɪˈliːvd/

past form of “believe” — accept as true; take to be true

From this reading Some, and they were few, believed the girl inspired; most of the others regarded her either as a poor visionary, a docile instrument that might be turned to account by the heads of the State, or an adventuress whom her own audacity, coupled to the credulity of fools, was pushing forward.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Animated by conflicting sentiments, the men and women of the court of Charles VII, gathered in a gallery of the Castle of Chinon, awaited the arrival of Joan the Maid.

canopynounUS /ˈkæn.ə.pi/

An overhead roof or structure, such as the high vaulted ceiling of an ancient library.

From this reading Splendidly dressed, the Sire of Trans sat on what looked like a throne--an elevated seat placed under a canopy at one end of the gallery.

CastlenounUS /ˈkæsəl/

a large and stately mansion

From this reading Animated by conflicting sentiments, the men and women of the court of Charles VII, gathered in a gallery of the Castle of Chinon, awaited the arrival of Joan the Maid.

CharlesnounUS /tʃɑːrlz/

King of France from 1560 to 1574 whose reign was dominated by his mother Catherine de Medicis (1550-1574)

From this reading Animated by conflicting sentiments, the men and women of the court of Charles VII, gathered in a gallery of the Castle of Chinon, awaited the arrival of Joan the Maid.

Chinon

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Animated by conflicting sentiments, the men and women of the court of Charles VII, gathered in a gallery of the Castle of Chinon, awaited the arrival of Joan the Maid.

chosennounUS /ˈtʃoʊzən/

one who is the object of choice; who is given preference

From this reading All, however, whatever their opinion concerning the mission that the peasant girl of Domremy claimed for herself, saw in her a daughter of the rustic plebs, and asked themselves how the Lord could have chosen his elect from such a low condition.

claimedverbUS /kleɪmd/

past form of “claim” — assert or affirm strongly; state to be true or existing

From this reading All, however, whatever their opinion concerning the mission that the peasant girl of Domremy claimed for herself, saw in her a daughter of the rustic plebs, and asked themselves how the Lord could have chosen his elect from such a low condition.

concerningverbUS /kənˈsɜːrnɪŋ/

-ing form of “concern” — be relevant to

From this reading All, however, whatever their opinion concerning the mission that the peasant girl of Domremy claimed for herself, saw in her a daughter of the rustic plebs, and asked themselves how the Lord could have chosen his elect from such a low condition.

conditionnounUS /kənˈdɪʃən/

a state at a particular time

From this reading All, however, whatever their opinion concerning the mission that the peasant girl of Domremy claimed for herself, saw in her a daughter of the rustic plebs, and asked themselves how the Lord could have chosen his elect from such a low condition.

conflictingadjectiveUS /kənˈflɪktɪŋ/

in disagreement

From this reading Animated by conflicting sentiments, the men and women of the court of Charles VII, gathered in a gallery of the Castle of Chinon, awaited the arrival of Joan the Maid.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading All, however, whatever their opinion concerning the mission that the peasant girl of Domremy claimed for herself, saw in her a daughter of the rustic plebs, and asked themselves how the Lord could have chosen his elect from such a low condition.

coupledadjectiveUS /ˈkʌpəld/

joined together especially in a pair or pairs

From this reading Some, and they were few, believed the girl inspired; most of the others regarded her either as a poor visionary, a docile instrument that might be turned to account by the heads of the State, or an adventuress whom her own audacity, coupled to the credulity of fools, was pushing forward.

courtnounUS /kɔːrt/

an assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business

From this reading Animated by conflicting sentiments, the men and women of the court of Charles VII, gathered in a gallery of the Castle of Chinon, awaited the arrival of Joan the Maid.

credulitynounUS /krɪˈduːləti/

tendency to believe readily

From this reading Some, and they were few, believed the girl inspired; most of the others regarded her either as a poor visionary, a docile instrument that might be turned to account by the heads of the State, or an adventuress whom her own audacity, coupled to the credulity of fools, was pushing forward.

daughternounUS /ˈdɔːtər/

a female human offspring

From this reading All, however, whatever their opinion concerning the mission that the peasant girl of Domremy claimed for herself, saw in her a daughter of the rustic plebs, and asked themselves how the Lord could have chosen his elect from such a low condition.

docileadjectiveUS /ˈdɑːsəl/

willing to be taught or led or supervised or directed

From this reading Some, and they were few, believed the girl inspired; most of the others regarded her either as a poor visionary, a docile instrument that might be turned to account by the heads of the State, or an adventuress whom her own audacity, coupled to the credulity of fools, was pushing forward.

Domremy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading All, however, whatever their opinion concerning the mission that the peasant girl of Domremy claimed for herself, saw in her a daughter of the rustic plebs, and asked themselves how the Lord could have chosen his elect from such a low condition.

dressedadjectiveUS /drest/

dressed or clothed especially in fine attire; often used in combination

From this reading Splendidly dressed, the Sire of Trans sat on what looked like a throne--an elevated seat placed under a canopy at one end of the gallery.

eitherdeterminerUS /ˈiːðər/

one or the other of two

From this reading Some, and they were few, believed the girl inspired; most of the others regarded her either as a poor visionary, a docile instrument that might be turned to account by the heads of the State, or an adventuress whom her own audacity, coupled to the credulity of fools, was pushing forward.

electverbUS /ɪˈlekt/

select by a vote for an office or membership

From this reading All, however, whatever their opinion concerning the mission that the peasant girl of Domremy claimed for herself, saw in her a daughter of the rustic plebs, and asked themselves how the Lord could have chosen his elect from such a low condition.

elevatedadjectiveUS /ˈeləveɪtɪd/

raised above the ground

From this reading Splendidly dressed, the Sire of Trans sat on what looked like a throne--an elevated seat placed under a canopy at one end of the gallery.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading Splendidly dressed, the Sire of Trans sat on what looked like a throne--an elevated seat placed under a canopy at one end of the gallery.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading Some, and they were few, believed the girl inspired; most of the others regarded her either as a poor visionary, a docile instrument that might be turned to account by the heads of the State, or an adventuress whom her own audacity, coupled to the credulity of fools, was pushing forward.

foolsnounUS /fuːlz/

plural of “fool” — a person who lacks good judgment

From this reading Some, and they were few, believed the girl inspired; most of the others regarded her either as a poor visionary, a docile instrument that might be turned to account by the heads of the State, or an adventuress whom her own audacity, coupled to the credulity of fools, was pushing forward.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading All, however, whatever their opinion concerning the mission that the peasant girl of Domremy claimed for herself, saw in her a daughter of the rustic plebs, and asked themselves how the Lord could have chosen his elect from such a low condition.

forwardadverbUS /ˈfɔːrwərd/

at or to or toward the front

From this reading Some, and they were few, believed the girl inspired; most of the others regarded her either as a poor visionary, a docile instrument that might be turned to account by the heads of the State, or an adventuress whom her own audacity, coupled to the credulity of fools, was pushing forward.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading All, however, whatever their opinion concerning the mission that the peasant girl of Domremy claimed for herself, saw in her a daughter of the rustic plebs, and asked themselves how the Lord could have chosen his elect from such a low condition.

gallerynounUS /ˈɡæləri/

spectators at a golf or tennis match

From this reading Animated by conflicting sentiments, the men and women of the court of Charles VII, gathered in a gallery of the Castle of Chinon, awaited the arrival of Joan the Maid.

gatheredadjectiveUS /ˈɡæðərd/

brought together in one place

From this reading Animated by conflicting sentiments, the men and women of the court of Charles VII, gathered in a gallery of the Castle of Chinon, awaited the arrival of Joan the Maid.

girlnounUS /ɡɜːrl/

a young female

From this reading Some, and they were few, believed the girl inspired; most of the others regarded her either as a poor visionary, a docile instrument that might be turned to account by the heads of the State, or an adventuress whom her own audacity, coupled to the credulity of fools, was pushing forward.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading All, however, whatever their opinion concerning the mission that the peasant girl of Domremy claimed for herself, saw in her a daughter of the rustic plebs, and asked themselves how the Lord could have chosen his elect from such a low condition.

headsnounUS /hedz/

plural of “head” — the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading Some, and they were few, believed the girl inspired; most of the others regarded her either as a poor visionary, a docile instrument that might be turned to account by the heads of the State, or an adventuress whom her own audacity, coupled to the credulity of fools, was pushing forward.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Some, and they were few, believed the girl inspired; most of the others regarded her either as a poor visionary, a docile instrument that might be turned to account by the heads of the State, or an adventuress whom her own audacity, coupled to the credulity of fools, was pushing forward.

herselfpronounUS /hərˈself/

used when the woman or girl doing the action is also its object

From this reading All, however, whatever their opinion concerning the mission that the peasant girl of Domremy claimed for herself, saw in her a daughter of the rustic plebs, and asked themselves how the Lord could have chosen his elect from such a low condition.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading All, however, whatever their opinion concerning the mission that the peasant girl of Domremy claimed for herself, saw in her a daughter of the rustic plebs, and asked themselves how the Lord could have chosen his elect from such a low condition.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading All, however, whatever their opinion concerning the mission that the peasant girl of Domremy claimed for herself, saw in her a daughter of the rustic plebs, and asked themselves how the Lord could have chosen his elect from such a low condition.

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading All, however, whatever their opinion concerning the mission that the peasant girl of Domremy claimed for herself, saw in her a daughter of the rustic plebs, and asked themselves how the Lord could have chosen his elect from such a low condition.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Animated by conflicting sentiments, the men and women of the court of Charles VII, gathered in a gallery of the Castle of Chinon, awaited the arrival of Joan the Maid.

inspiredadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈspaɪərd/

being of such surpassing excellence as to suggest inspiration by the gods

From this reading Some, and they were few, believed the girl inspired; most of the others regarded her either as a poor visionary, a docile instrument that might be turned to account by the heads of the State, or an adventuress whom her own audacity, coupled to the credulity of fools, was pushing forward.

instrumentnounUS /ˈɪnstrəmənt/

a device that requires skill for proper use

From this reading Some, and they were few, believed the girl inspired; most of the others regarded her either as a poor visionary, a docile instrument that might be turned to account by the heads of the State, or an adventuress whom her own audacity, coupled to the credulity of fools, was pushing forward.

Joan

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Animated by conflicting sentiments, the men and women of the court of Charles VII, gathered in a gallery of the Castle of Chinon, awaited the arrival of Joan the Maid.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading Splendidly dressed, the Sire of Trans sat on what looked like a throne--an elevated seat placed under a canopy at one end of the gallery.

lookedverbUS /lʊkt/

past form of “look” — perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading Splendidly dressed, the Sire of Trans sat on what looked like a throne--an elevated seat placed under a canopy at one end of the gallery.

LordnounUS /lɔːrd/

terms referring to the Judeo-Christian God

From this reading All, however, whatever their opinion concerning the mission that the peasant girl of Domremy claimed for herself, saw in her a daughter of the rustic plebs, and asked themselves how the Lord could have chosen his elect from such a low condition.

lowadjectiveUS /loʊ/

less than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading All, however, whatever their opinion concerning the mission that the peasant girl of Domremy claimed for herself, saw in her a daughter of the rustic plebs, and asked themselves how the Lord could have chosen his elect from such a low condition.

MaidnounUS /meɪd/

a female domestic

From this reading Animated by conflicting sentiments, the men and women of the court of Charles VII, gathered in a gallery of the Castle of Chinon, awaited the arrival of Joan the Maid.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading Animated by conflicting sentiments, the men and women of the court of Charles VII, gathered in a gallery of the Castle of Chinon, awaited the arrival of Joan the Maid.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading Some, and they were few, believed the girl inspired; most of the others regarded her either as a poor visionary, a docile instrument that might be turned to account by the heads of the State, or an adventuress whom her own audacity, coupled to the credulity of fools, was pushing forward.

missionnounUS /ˈmɪʃən/

an organization of missionaries in a foreign land sent to carry on religious work

From this reading All, however, whatever their opinion concerning the mission that the peasant girl of Domremy claimed for herself, saw in her a daughter of the rustic plebs, and asked themselves how the Lord could have chosen his elect from such a low condition.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading Some, and they were few, believed the girl inspired; most of the others regarded her either as a poor visionary, a docile instrument that might be turned to account by the heads of the State, or an adventuress whom her own audacity, coupled to the credulity of fools, was pushing forward.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Animated by conflicting sentiments, the men and women of the court of Charles VII, gathered in a gallery of the Castle of Chinon, awaited the arrival of Joan the Maid.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Splendidly dressed, the Sire of Trans sat on what looked like a throne--an elevated seat placed under a canopy at one end of the gallery.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Splendidly dressed, the Sire of Trans sat on what looked like a throne--an elevated seat placed under a canopy at one end of the gallery.

opinionnounUS /əˈpɪnjən/

a personal belief or judgment that is not founded on proof or certainty

From this reading All, however, whatever their opinion concerning the mission that the peasant girl of Domremy claimed for herself, saw in her a daughter of the rustic plebs, and asked themselves how the Lord could have chosen his elect from such a low condition.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Some, and they were few, believed the girl inspired; most of the others regarded her either as a poor visionary, a docile instrument that might be turned to account by the heads of the State, or an adventuress whom her own audacity, coupled to the credulity of fools, was pushing forward.

others

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Some, and they were few, believed the girl inspired; most of the others regarded her either as a poor visionary, a docile instrument that might be turned to account by the heads of the State, or an adventuress whom her own audacity, coupled to the credulity of fools, was pushing forward.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading Some, and they were few, believed the girl inspired; most of the others regarded her either as a poor visionary, a docile instrument that might be turned to account by the heads of the State, or an adventuress whom her own audacity, coupled to the credulity of fools, was pushing forward.

peasantnounUS /ˈpezənt/

a country person

From this reading All, however, whatever their opinion concerning the mission that the peasant girl of Domremy claimed for herself, saw in her a daughter of the rustic plebs, and asked themselves how the Lord could have chosen his elect from such a low condition.

placedadjectiveUS /pleɪst/

situated in a particular spot or position

From this reading Splendidly dressed, the Sire of Trans sat on what looked like a throne--an elevated seat placed under a canopy at one end of the gallery.

plebs

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading All, however, whatever their opinion concerning the mission that the peasant girl of Domremy claimed for herself, saw in her a daughter of the rustic plebs, and asked themselves how the Lord could have chosen his elect from such a low condition.

pooradjectiveUS /puːr/

deserving or inciting pity

From this reading Some, and they were few, believed the girl inspired; most of the others regarded her either as a poor visionary, a docile instrument that might be turned to account by the heads of the State, or an adventuress whom her own audacity, coupled to the credulity of fools, was pushing forward.

pushingnounUS /ˈpʊʃɪŋ/

the act of applying force in order to move something away

From this reading Some, and they were few, believed the girl inspired; most of the others regarded her either as a poor visionary, a docile instrument that might be turned to account by the heads of the State, or an adventuress whom her own audacity, coupled to the credulity of fools, was pushing forward.

regardedverbUS /rɪˈɡɑːrdɪd/

past form of “regard” — deem to be

From this reading Some, and they were few, believed the girl inspired; most of the others regarded her either as a poor visionary, a docile instrument that might be turned to account by the heads of the State, or an adventuress whom her own audacity, coupled to the credulity of fools, was pushing forward.

rusticadjectiveUS /ˈrʌstɪk/

characteristic of rural life

From this reading All, however, whatever their opinion concerning the mission that the peasant girl of Domremy claimed for herself, saw in her a daughter of the rustic plebs, and asked themselves how the Lord could have chosen his elect from such a low condition.

satnounUS /sæt/

the seventh and last day of the week; observed as the Sabbath by Jews and some Christians

From this reading Splendidly dressed, the Sire of Trans sat on what looked like a throne--an elevated seat placed under a canopy at one end of the gallery.

sawverbUS /sɔː/

cut with a saw

From this reading All, however, whatever their opinion concerning the mission that the peasant girl of Domremy claimed for herself, saw in her a daughter of the rustic plebs, and asked themselves how the Lord could have chosen his elect from such a low condition.

seatnounUS /siːt/

a space reserved for sitting (as in a theater or on a train or airplane)

From this reading Splendidly dressed, the Sire of Trans sat on what looked like a throne--an elevated seat placed under a canopy at one end of the gallery.

sentimentsnounUS /ˈsentəmənts/

plural of “sentiment” — tender, romantic, or nostalgic feeling or emotion

From this reading Animated by conflicting sentiments, the men and women of the court of Charles VII, gathered in a gallery of the Castle of Chinon, awaited the arrival of Joan the Maid.

SireverbUS /ˈsaɪər/

make (offspring) by reproduction

From this reading Splendidly dressed, the Sire of Trans sat on what looked like a throne--an elevated seat placed under a canopy at one end of the gallery.

SomeadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Some, and they were few, believed the girl inspired; most of the others regarded her either as a poor visionary, a docile instrument that might be turned to account by the heads of the State, or an adventuress whom her own audacity, coupled to the credulity of fools, was pushing forward.

SplendidlyadverbUS /ˈsplendədli/

extremely well

From this reading Splendidly dressed, the Sire of Trans sat on what looked like a throne--an elevated seat placed under a canopy at one end of the gallery.

StatenounUS /steɪt/

the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading Some, and they were few, believed the girl inspired; most of the others regarded her either as a poor visionary, a docile instrument that might be turned to account by the heads of the State, or an adventuress whom her own audacity, coupled to the credulity of fools, was pushing forward.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading All, however, whatever their opinion concerning the mission that the peasant girl of Domremy claimed for herself, saw in her a daughter of the rustic plebs, and asked themselves how the Lord could have chosen his elect from such a low condition.

TESTnounUS /test/

trying something to find out about it

From this reading THE TEST.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Some, and they were few, believed the girl inspired; most of the others regarded her either as a poor visionary, a docile instrument that might be turned to account by the heads of the State, or an adventuress whom her own audacity, coupled to the credulity of fools, was pushing forward.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE TEST.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading All, however, whatever their opinion concerning the mission that the peasant girl of Domremy claimed for herself, saw in her a daughter of the rustic plebs, and asked themselves how the Lord could have chosen his elect from such a low condition.

themselvespronounUS /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading All, however, whatever their opinion concerning the mission that the peasant girl of Domremy claimed for herself, saw in her a daughter of the rustic plebs, and asked themselves how the Lord could have chosen his elect from such a low condition.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Some, and they were few, believed the girl inspired; most of the others regarded her either as a poor visionary, a docile instrument that might be turned to account by the heads of the State, or an adventuress whom her own audacity, coupled to the credulity of fools, was pushing forward.

thronenounUS /θroʊn/

the chair of state for a monarch, bishop, etc.

From this reading Splendidly dressed, the Sire of Trans sat on what looked like a throne--an elevated seat placed under a canopy at one end of the gallery.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Some, and they were few, believed the girl inspired; most of the others regarded her either as a poor visionary, a docile instrument that might be turned to account by the heads of the State, or an adventuress whom her own audacity, coupled to the credulity of fools, was pushing forward.

Trans

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Splendidly dressed, the Sire of Trans sat on what looked like a throne--an elevated seat placed under a canopy at one end of the gallery.

turnedadjectiveUS /tɜːrnd/

moved around an axis or center

From this reading Some, and they were few, believed the girl inspired; most of the others regarded her either as a poor visionary, a docile instrument that might be turned to account by the heads of the State, or an adventuress whom her own audacity, coupled to the credulity of fools, was pushing forward.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading Splendidly dressed, the Sire of Trans sat on what looked like a throne--an elevated seat placed under a canopy at one end of the gallery.

VIInoun

the cardinal number that is the sum of six and one

From this reading Animated by conflicting sentiments, the men and women of the court of Charles VII, gathered in a gallery of the Castle of Chinon, awaited the arrival of Joan the Maid.

visionarynounUS /ˈvɪʒəneri/

a person given to fanciful speculations and enthusiasms with little regard for what is actually possible

From this reading Some, and they were few, believed the girl inspired; most of the others regarded her either as a poor visionary, a docile instrument that might be turned to account by the heads of the State, or an adventuress whom her own audacity, coupled to the credulity of fools, was pushing forward.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Some, and they were few, believed the girl inspired; most of the others regarded her either as a poor visionary, a docile instrument that might be turned to account by the heads of the State, or an adventuress whom her own audacity, coupled to the credulity of fools, was pushing forward.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Some, and they were few, believed the girl inspired; most of the others regarded her either as a poor visionary, a docile instrument that might be turned to account by the heads of the State, or an adventuress whom her own audacity, coupled to the credulity of fools, was pushing forward.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading Splendidly dressed, the Sire of Trans sat on what looked like a throne--an elevated seat placed under a canopy at one end of the gallery.

whateverdeterminerUS /ˌwʌˈtevər/

any or all of a kind, it does not matter which

From this reading All, however, whatever their opinion concerning the mission that the peasant girl of Domremy claimed for herself, saw in her a daughter of the rustic plebs, and asked themselves how the Lord could have chosen his elect from such a low condition.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Some, and they were few, believed the girl inspired; most of the others regarded her either as a poor visionary, a docile instrument that might be turned to account by the heads of the State, or an adventuress whom her own audacity, coupled to the credulity of fools, was pushing forward.

womennounUS /ˈwɪmən/

plural of “woman” — an adult female person (as opposed to a man)

From this reading Animated by conflicting sentiments, the men and women of the court of Charles VII, gathered in a gallery of the Castle of Chinon, awaited the arrival of Joan the Maid.

Chapter 19 of The Executioner's Knife by Eugène Sue holds 35 sentences, grouped into 7 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 19 of The Executioner's Knife contain?

Chapter 19 holds 35 sentences of The Executioner's Knife, unabridged, divided into 7 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 19 of The Executioner's Knife by Eugène Sue exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 35 sentences, grouped into 7 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 19 of The Executioner's Knife?

Work through the 7 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 7 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 19 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 19 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Executioner's Knife

Common questions about reading The Executioner's Knife by Eugène Sue on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Executioner's Knife?

Yes. All 5473 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #37399 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Executioner's Knife is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #37399, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Executioner's Knife take to read?

About 456 minutes of reading across 1095 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Executioner's Knife section by section

How to work through The Executioner's Knife section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 37 chapters of The Executioner's Knife to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Executioner's Knife

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Executioner's Knife, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

History
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Executioner's Knife; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Proletarian
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Executioner's Knife; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Family
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Executioner's Knife; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Across
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Executioner's Knife; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.