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The Fairy-Land of Science
The Fairy-Land of Science

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of The Fairy-Land of Science is here in full — 472 sentences across 95 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/94 · 5 lines
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It looks uninteresting enough at first sight, and yet if we examine it closely we shall find some questions to ask even about its appearance.
Look at the smooth face of this specimen and see if you can explain those fine lines which run across so close together as to look like the edges of the leaves of a book.
Try to break a piece of coal, and you will find that it will split much more easily along those lines than across the other way of the lump; and if you wish to light a fire quickly you should always put this lined face downwards so that the heat can force its way up through these cracks and gradually split up the block.
Then again if you break the coal carefully along one of these lines you will find a fine film of charcoal lying in the crack, and you will begin to suspect that this black coal must have been built up in very thin layers, with a kind of black dust between them.
The next thing you will call to mind is that this coal burns and gives flame and heat, and that this means that in some way sunbeams are imprisoned in it; lastly, this will lead you to think of plants, and how they work up the strength of the sunbeams into their leaves, and hide black carbon in even the purest and whitest substance they contain.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Fairy-Land of Science

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of The Fairy-Land of Science is here in full — 472 sentences across 95 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/94 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
It looks uninteresting enough at first sight, and yet if we examine it closely we shall find some questions to ask even about its appearance.
/ɪt lʊks əˈnɪntrəstɪŋ ɪˈnʌf æt fɜːrst saɪt ənd jet ɪf wiː ɪɡˈzæmɪn ɪt ˈkloʊsli wiː ʃæl faɪnd sʌm ˈkwestʃənz tuː æsk ˈiːvɪn əˈbaʊt ɪts əˈpɪrəns/
Line 2
Look at the smooth face of this specimen and see if you can explain those fine lines which run across so close together as to look like the edges of the leaves of a book.
/lʊk æt ðə smuːð feɪs ʌv ðɪs ˈspesəmən ənd siː ɪf juː kæn ɪkˈspleɪn ðoʊz faɪn laɪnz wɪtʃ rʌn əˈkrɔːs soʊ kloʊs təˈɡeðər æz tuː lʊk laɪk ðə ˈedʒəz ʌv ðə liːvz ʌv ə bʊk/
Line 3
Try to break a piece of coal, and you will find that it will split much more easily along those lines than across the other way of the lump; and if you wish to light a fire quickly you should always put this lined face downwards so that the heat can force its way up through these cracks and gradually split up the block.
/traɪ tuː breɪk ə piːs ʌv koʊl ənd juː wɪl faɪnd ðæt ɪt wɪl splɪt mʌtʃ mɔːr ˈiːzəli əˈlɔːŋ ðoʊz laɪnz ðæn əˈkrɔːs ðə ˈʌðər weɪ ʌv ðə lʌmp ənd ɪf juː wɪʃ tuː laɪt ə ˈfaɪər ˈkwɪkli juː ʃʊd ˈɔːlweɪz pʊt ðɪs laɪnd feɪs ˈdaʊnwərdz soʊ ðæt ðə hiːt kæn fɔːrs ɪts weɪ ʌp θruː ðiːz kræks ənd ˈɡrædʒuːəli splɪt ʌp ðə blɑːk/
Line 4
Then again if you break the coal carefully along one of these lines you will find a fine film of charcoal lying in the crack, and you will begin to suspect that this black coal must have been built up in very thin layers, with a kind of black dust between them.
/ðen əˈɡen ɪf juː breɪk ðə koʊl ˈkerfəli əˈlɔːŋ wʌn ʌv ðiːz laɪnz juː wɪl faɪnd ə faɪn fɪlm ʌv ˈtʃɑːrkoʊl ˈlaɪɪŋ ɪn ðə kræk ənd juː wɪl bɪˈɡɪn tuː səˈspekt ðæt ðɪs blæk koʊl mʌst hæv bɪn bɪlt ʌp ɪn ˈveri θɪn ˈleɪərz wɪð ə kaɪnd ʌv blæk dʌst bɪˈtwiːn ðem/
Line 5
The next thing you will call to mind is that this coal burns and gives flame and heat, and that this means that in some way sunbeams are imprisoned in it; lastly, this will lead you to think of plants, and how they work up the strength of the sunbeams into their leaves, and hide black carbon in even the purest and whitest substance they contain.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

carbon noun US /ˈkɑːrbən/

an abundant nonmetallic tetravalent element occurring in three allotropic forms: amorphous carbon and graphite and diamond; occurs in all organic compounds

From this reading “The next thing you will call to mind is that this coal burns and gives flame and heat, and that this means that in some way sunbeams are imprisoned in it; lastly, this will lead you to think of plants, and how they work up the strength of the sunbeams into their leaves, and hide black carbon in even the purest and whitest substance they contain.”

charcoal noun US /ˈtʃɑːrkoʊl/

a carbonaceous material obtained by heating wood or other organic matter in the absence of air

From this reading “Then again if you break the coal carefully along one of these lines you will find a fine film of charcoal lying in the crack, and you will begin to suspect that this black coal must have been built up in very thin layers, with a kind of black dust between them.”

cracks noun US /kræks/

plural of “crack” — a long narrow opening

From this reading “Try to break a piece of coal, and you will find that it will split much more easily along those lines than across the other way of the lump; and if you wish to light a fire quickly you should always put this lined face downwards so that the heat can force its way up through these cracks and gradually split up the block.”

downwards adverb US /ˈdaʊnwərdz/

spatially or metaphorically from a higher to a lower level or position

From this reading “Try to break a piece of coal, and you will find that it will split much more easily along those lines than across the other way of the lump; and if you wish to light a fire quickly you should always put this lined face downwards so that the heat can force its way up through these cracks and gradually split up the block.”

film noun US /fɪlm/

a form of entertainment that enacts a story by sound and a sequence of images giving the illusion of continuous movement

From this reading “Then again if you break the coal carefully along one of these lines you will find a fine film of charcoal lying in the crack, and you will begin to suspect that this black coal must have been built up in very thin layers, with a kind of black dust between them.”

layers noun US /ˈleɪərz/

plural of “layer” — single thickness of usually some homogeneous substance

From this reading “Then again if you break the coal carefully along one of these lines you will find a fine film of charcoal lying in the crack, and you will begin to suspect that this black coal must have been built up in very thin layers, with a kind of black dust between them.”

uninteresting adjective US /əˈnɪntrəstɪŋ/

arousing no interest or attention or curiosity or excitement

From this reading “It looks uninteresting enough at first sight, and yet if we examine it closely we shall find some questions to ask even about its appearance.”

whitest adjective US /ˈwaɪtɪst/

superlative of “white” — being of the achromatic color of maximum lightness; having little or no hue owing to reflection of almost all incident light

From this reading “The next thing you will call to mind is that this coal burns and gives flame and heat, and that this means that in some way sunbeams are imprisoned in it; lastly, this will lead you to think of plants, and how they work up the strength of the sunbeams into their leaves, and hide black carbon in even the purest and whitest substance they contain.”

All words in this reading · 133

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Look at the smooth face of this specimen and see if you can explain those fine lines which run across so close together as to look like the edges of the leaves of a book.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading It looks uninteresting enough at first sight, and yet if we examine it closely we shall find some questions to ask even about its appearance.

acrossprepositionUS /əˈkrɔːs/

from one side of something to the other

From this reading Look at the smooth face of this specimen and see if you can explain those fine lines which run across so close together as to look like the edges of the leaves of a book.

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading Then again if you break the coal carefully along one of these lines you will find a fine film of charcoal lying in the crack, and you will begin to suspect that this black coal must have been built up in very thin layers, with a kind of black dust between them.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading Try to break a piece of coal, and you will find that it will split much more easily along those lines than across the other way of the lump; and if you wish to light a fire quickly you should always put this lined face downwards so that the heat can force its way up through these cracks and gradually split up the block.

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading Try to break a piece of coal, and you will find that it will split much more easily along those lines than across the other way of the lump; and if you wish to light a fire quickly you should always put this lined face downwards so that the heat can force its way up through these cracks and gradually split up the block.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading It looks uninteresting enough at first sight, and yet if we examine it closely we shall find some questions to ask even about its appearance.

appearancenounUS /əˈpɪrəns/

outward or visible aspect of a person or thing

From this reading It looks uninteresting enough at first sight, and yet if we examine it closely we shall find some questions to ask even about its appearance.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The next thing you will call to mind is that this coal burns and gives flame and heat, and that this means that in some way sunbeams are imprisoned in it; lastly, this will lead you to think of plants, and how they work up the strength of the sunbeams into their leaves, and hide black carbon in even the purest and whitest substance they contain.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Look at the smooth face of this specimen and see if you can explain those fine lines which run across so close together as to look like the edges of the leaves of a book.

askverbUS /æsk/

make a request or demand for something to somebody

From this reading It looks uninteresting enough at first sight, and yet if we examine it closely we shall find some questions to ask even about its appearance.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading It looks uninteresting enough at first sight, and yet if we examine it closely we shall find some questions to ask even about its appearance.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Then again if you break the coal carefully along one of these lines you will find a fine film of charcoal lying in the crack, and you will begin to suspect that this black coal must have been built up in very thin layers, with a kind of black dust between them.

beginverbUS /bɪˈɡɪn/

take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading Then again if you break the coal carefully along one of these lines you will find a fine film of charcoal lying in the crack, and you will begin to suspect that this black coal must have been built up in very thin layers, with a kind of black dust between them.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading Then again if you break the coal carefully along one of these lines you will find a fine film of charcoal lying in the crack, and you will begin to suspect that this black coal must have been built up in very thin layers, with a kind of black dust between them.

blackadjectiveUS /blæk/

being of the achromatic color of maximum darkness; having little or no hue owing to absorption of almost all incident light

From this reading Then again if you break the coal carefully along one of these lines you will find a fine film of charcoal lying in the crack, and you will begin to suspect that this black coal must have been built up in very thin layers, with a kind of black dust between them.

blocknounUS /blɑːk/

a solid piece of something (usually having flat rectangular sides)

From this reading Try to break a piece of coal, and you will find that it will split much more easily along those lines than across the other way of the lump; and if you wish to light a fire quickly you should always put this lined face downwards so that the heat can force its way up through these cracks and gradually split up the block.

booknounUS /bʊk/

a written work or composition that has been published (printed on pages bound together)

From this reading Look at the smooth face of this specimen and see if you can explain those fine lines which run across so close together as to look like the edges of the leaves of a book.

breakverbUS /breɪk/

terminate

From this reading Try to break a piece of coal, and you will find that it will split much more easily along those lines than across the other way of the lump; and if you wish to light a fire quickly you should always put this lined face downwards so that the heat can force its way up through these cracks and gradually split up the block.

builtadjectiveUS /bɪlt/

(used of soaps or cleaning agents) having a substance (an abrasive or filler) added to increase effectiveness

From this reading Then again if you break the coal carefully along one of these lines you will find a fine film of charcoal lying in the crack, and you will begin to suspect that this black coal must have been built up in very thin layers, with a kind of black dust between them.

burnsnounUS /bɜːrnz/

United States comedian and film actor (1896-1996)

From this reading The next thing you will call to mind is that this coal burns and gives flame and heat, and that this means that in some way sunbeams are imprisoned in it; lastly, this will lead you to think of plants, and how they work up the strength of the sunbeams into their leaves, and hide black carbon in even the purest and whitest substance they contain.

callverbUS /kɔːl/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading The next thing you will call to mind is that this coal burns and gives flame and heat, and that this means that in some way sunbeams are imprisoned in it; lastly, this will lead you to think of plants, and how they work up the strength of the sunbeams into their leaves, and hide black carbon in even the purest and whitest substance they contain.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading Look at the smooth face of this specimen and see if you can explain those fine lines which run across so close together as to look like the edges of the leaves of a book.

carbonnounUS /ˈkɑːrbən/

an abundant nonmetallic tetravalent element occurring in three allotropic forms: amorphous carbon and graphite and diamond; occurs in all organic compounds

From this reading The next thing you will call to mind is that this coal burns and gives flame and heat, and that this means that in some way sunbeams are imprisoned in it; lastly, this will lead you to think of plants, and how they work up the strength of the sunbeams into their leaves, and hide black carbon in even the purest and whitest substance they contain.

carefullyadverbUS /ˈkerfəli/

taking care or paying attention

From this reading Then again if you break the coal carefully along one of these lines you will find a fine film of charcoal lying in the crack, and you will begin to suspect that this black coal must have been built up in very thin layers, with a kind of black dust between them.

charcoalnounUS /ˈtʃɑːrkoʊl/

a carbonaceous material obtained by heating wood or other organic matter in the absence of air

From this reading Then again if you break the coal carefully along one of these lines you will find a fine film of charcoal lying in the crack, and you will begin to suspect that this black coal must have been built up in very thin layers, with a kind of black dust between them.

closeadjectiveUS /kloʊs/

at or within a short distance in space or time or having elements near each other

From this reading Look at the smooth face of this specimen and see if you can explain those fine lines which run across so close together as to look like the edges of the leaves of a book.

closelyadverbUS /ˈkloʊsli/

in a close relation or position in time or space

From this reading It looks uninteresting enough at first sight, and yet if we examine it closely we shall find some questions to ask even about its appearance.

coalnounUS /koʊl/

fossil fuel consisting of carbonized vegetable matter deposited in the Carboniferous period

From this reading Try to break a piece of coal, and you will find that it will split much more easily along those lines than across the other way of the lump; and if you wish to light a fire quickly you should always put this lined face downwards so that the heat can force its way up through these cracks and gradually split up the block.

containverbUS /kənˈteɪn/

include or contain; have as a component

From this reading The next thing you will call to mind is that this coal burns and gives flame and heat, and that this means that in some way sunbeams are imprisoned in it; lastly, this will lead you to think of plants, and how they work up the strength of the sunbeams into their leaves, and hide black carbon in even the purest and whitest substance they contain.

crackverbUS /kræk/

become fractured; break or crack on the surface only

From this reading Then again if you break the coal carefully along one of these lines you will find a fine film of charcoal lying in the crack, and you will begin to suspect that this black coal must have been built up in very thin layers, with a kind of black dust between them.

cracksnounUS /kræks/

plural of “crack” — a long narrow opening

From this reading Try to break a piece of coal, and you will find that it will split much more easily along those lines than across the other way of the lump; and if you wish to light a fire quickly you should always put this lined face downwards so that the heat can force its way up through these cracks and gradually split up the block.

downwardsadverbUS /ˈdaʊnwərdz/

spatially or metaphorically from a higher to a lower level or position

From this reading Try to break a piece of coal, and you will find that it will split much more easily along those lines than across the other way of the lump; and if you wish to light a fire quickly you should always put this lined face downwards so that the heat can force its way up through these cracks and gradually split up the block.

dustverbUS /dʌst/

remove the dust from

From this reading Then again if you break the coal carefully along one of these lines you will find a fine film of charcoal lying in the crack, and you will begin to suspect that this black coal must have been built up in very thin layers, with a kind of black dust between them.

easilyadverbUS /ˈiːzəli/

with ease (“easy” is sometimes used informally for “easily”)

From this reading Try to break a piece of coal, and you will find that it will split much more easily along those lines than across the other way of the lump; and if you wish to light a fire quickly you should always put this lined face downwards so that the heat can force its way up through these cracks and gradually split up the block.

edgesnounUS /ˈedʒəz/

plural of “edge” — the boundary of a surface

From this reading Look at the smooth face of this specimen and see if you can explain those fine lines which run across so close together as to look like the edges of the leaves of a book.

enoughnounUS /ɪˈnʌf/

an adequate quantity; a quantity that is large enough to achieve a purpose

From this reading It looks uninteresting enough at first sight, and yet if we examine it closely we shall find some questions to ask even about its appearance.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading It looks uninteresting enough at first sight, and yet if we examine it closely we shall find some questions to ask even about its appearance.

examineverbUS /ɪɡˈzæmɪn/

consider in detail and subject to an analysis in order to discover essential features or meaning

From this reading It looks uninteresting enough at first sight, and yet if we examine it closely we shall find some questions to ask even about its appearance.

explainverbUS /ɪkˈspleɪn/

make plain and comprehensible

From this reading Look at the smooth face of this specimen and see if you can explain those fine lines which run across so close together as to look like the edges of the leaves of a book.

facenounUS /feɪs/

the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

From this reading Look at the smooth face of this specimen and see if you can explain those fine lines which run across so close together as to look like the edges of the leaves of a book.

filmnounUS /fɪlm/

a form of entertainment that enacts a story by sound and a sequence of images giving the illusion of continuous movement

From this reading Then again if you break the coal carefully along one of these lines you will find a fine film of charcoal lying in the crack, and you will begin to suspect that this black coal must have been built up in very thin layers, with a kind of black dust between them.

findverbUS /faɪnd/

come upon, as if by accident; meet with

From this reading It looks uninteresting enough at first sight, and yet if we examine it closely we shall find some questions to ask even about its appearance.

fineadjectiveUS /faɪn/

being satisfactory or in satisfactory condition

From this reading Look at the smooth face of this specimen and see if you can explain those fine lines which run across so close together as to look like the edges of the leaves of a book.

fireverbUS /ˈfaɪər/

start firing a weapon

From this reading Try to break a piece of coal, and you will find that it will split much more easily along those lines than across the other way of the lump; and if you wish to light a fire quickly you should always put this lined face downwards so that the heat can force its way up through these cracks and gradually split up the block.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading It looks uninteresting enough at first sight, and yet if we examine it closely we shall find some questions to ask even about its appearance.

flamenounUS /fleɪm/

A hot glowing body of ignited gas produced by fire.

From this reading The next thing you will call to mind is that this coal burns and gives flame and heat, and that this means that in some way sunbeams are imprisoned in it; lastly, this will lead you to think of plants, and how they work up the strength of the sunbeams into their leaves, and hide black carbon in even the purest and whitest substance they contain.

forcenounUS /fɔːrs/

a powerful effect or influence

From this reading Try to break a piece of coal, and you will find that it will split much more easily along those lines than across the other way of the lump; and if you wish to light a fire quickly you should always put this lined face downwards so that the heat can force its way up through these cracks and gradually split up the block.

givesnounUS /ɡɪvz/

plural of “give” — the elasticity of something that can be stretched and returns to its original length

From this reading The next thing you will call to mind is that this coal burns and gives flame and heat, and that this means that in some way sunbeams are imprisoned in it; lastly, this will lead you to think of plants, and how they work up the strength of the sunbeams into their leaves, and hide black carbon in even the purest and whitest substance they contain.

graduallyadverbUS /ˈɡrædʒuːəli/

in a gradual manner

From this reading Try to break a piece of coal, and you will find that it will split much more easily along those lines than across the other way of the lump; and if you wish to light a fire quickly you should always put this lined face downwards so that the heat can force its way up through these cracks and gradually split up the block.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Then again if you break the coal carefully along one of these lines you will find a fine film of charcoal lying in the crack, and you will begin to suspect that this black coal must have been built up in very thin layers, with a kind of black dust between them.

heatnounUS /hiːt/

a form of energy that is transferred by a difference in temperature

From this reading Try to break a piece of coal, and you will find that it will split much more easily along those lines than across the other way of the lump; and if you wish to light a fire quickly you should always put this lined face downwards so that the heat can force its way up through these cracks and gradually split up the block.

hideverbUS /haɪd/

prevent from being seen or discovered

From this reading The next thing you will call to mind is that this coal burns and gives flame and heat, and that this means that in some way sunbeams are imprisoned in it; lastly, this will lead you to think of plants, and how they work up the strength of the sunbeams into their leaves, and hide black carbon in even the purest and whitest substance they contain.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The next thing you will call to mind is that this coal burns and gives flame and heat, and that this means that in some way sunbeams are imprisoned in it; lastly, this will lead you to think of plants, and how they work up the strength of the sunbeams into their leaves, and hide black carbon in even the purest and whitest substance they contain.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading It looks uninteresting enough at first sight, and yet if we examine it closely we shall find some questions to ask even about its appearance.

imprisonedadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈprɪzənd/

being in captivity

From this reading The next thing you will call to mind is that this coal burns and gives flame and heat, and that this means that in some way sunbeams are imprisoned in it; lastly, this will lead you to think of plants, and how they work up the strength of the sunbeams into their leaves, and hide black carbon in even the purest and whitest substance they contain.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Then again if you break the coal carefully along one of these lines you will find a fine film of charcoal lying in the crack, and you will begin to suspect that this black coal must have been built up in very thin layers, with a kind of black dust between them.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading The next thing you will call to mind is that this coal burns and gives flame and heat, and that this means that in some way sunbeams are imprisoned in it; lastly, this will lead you to think of plants, and how they work up the strength of the sunbeams into their leaves, and hide black carbon in even the purest and whitest substance they contain.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The next thing you will call to mind is that this coal burns and gives flame and heat, and that this means that in some way sunbeams are imprisoned in it; lastly, this will lead you to think of plants, and how they work up the strength of the sunbeams into their leaves, and hide black carbon in even the purest and whitest substance they contain.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It looks uninteresting enough at first sight, and yet if we examine it closely we shall find some questions to ask even about its appearance.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading It looks uninteresting enough at first sight, and yet if we examine it closely we shall find some questions to ask even about its appearance.

kindadjectiveUS /kaɪnd/

having or showing a tender and considerate and helpful nature; used especially of persons and their behavior

From this reading Then again if you break the coal carefully along one of these lines you will find a fine film of charcoal lying in the crack, and you will begin to suspect that this black coal must have been built up in very thin layers, with a kind of black dust between them.

lastlyadverbUS /ˈlæstli/

the item at the end

From this reading The next thing you will call to mind is that this coal burns and gives flame and heat, and that this means that in some way sunbeams are imprisoned in it; lastly, this will lead you to think of plants, and how they work up the strength of the sunbeams into their leaves, and hide black carbon in even the purest and whitest substance they contain.

layersnounUS /ˈleɪərz/

plural of “layer” — single thickness of usually some homogeneous substance

From this reading Then again if you break the coal carefully along one of these lines you will find a fine film of charcoal lying in the crack, and you will begin to suspect that this black coal must have been built up in very thin layers, with a kind of black dust between them.

leadverbUS /led/

take somebody somewhere

From this reading The next thing you will call to mind is that this coal burns and gives flame and heat, and that this means that in some way sunbeams are imprisoned in it; lastly, this will lead you to think of plants, and how they work up the strength of the sunbeams into their leaves, and hide black carbon in even the purest and whitest substance they contain.

leavesnounUS /liːvz/

plural of “leaf” — the main organ of photosynthesis and transpiration in higher plants

From this reading Look at the smooth face of this specimen and see if you can explain those fine lines which run across so close together as to look like the edges of the leaves of a book.

lightadjectiveUS /laɪt/

of comparatively little physical weight or density

From this reading Try to break a piece of coal, and you will find that it will split much more easily along those lines than across the other way of the lump; and if you wish to light a fire quickly you should always put this lined face downwards so that the heat can force its way up through these cracks and gradually split up the block.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading Look at the smooth face of this specimen and see if you can explain those fine lines which run across so close together as to look like the edges of the leaves of a book.

linedadjectiveUS /laɪnd/

bordered by a line of things

From this reading Try to break a piece of coal, and you will find that it will split much more easily along those lines than across the other way of the lump; and if you wish to light a fire quickly you should always put this lined face downwards so that the heat can force its way up through these cracks and gradually split up the block.

linesnounUS /laɪnz/

plural of “line” — a formation of people or things one beside another

From this reading Look at the smooth face of this specimen and see if you can explain those fine lines which run across so close together as to look like the edges of the leaves of a book.

LookverbUS /lʊk/

perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading Look at the smooth face of this specimen and see if you can explain those fine lines which run across so close together as to look like the edges of the leaves of a book.

looksnounUS /lʊks/

plural of “look” — the feelings expressed on a person's face

From this reading It looks uninteresting enough at first sight, and yet if we examine it closely we shall find some questions to ask even about its appearance.

lumpnounUS /lʌmp/

a compact mass

From this reading Try to break a piece of coal, and you will find that it will split much more easily along those lines than across the other way of the lump; and if you wish to light a fire quickly you should always put this lined face downwards so that the heat can force its way up through these cracks and gradually split up the block.

lyingnounUS /ˈlaɪɪŋ/

the deliberate act of deviating from the truth

From this reading Then again if you break the coal carefully along one of these lines you will find a fine film of charcoal lying in the crack, and you will begin to suspect that this black coal must have been built up in very thin layers, with a kind of black dust between them.

meansnounUS /miːnz/

thing or person that acts to produce a particular effect or achieve an end

From this reading The next thing you will call to mind is that this coal burns and gives flame and heat, and that this means that in some way sunbeams are imprisoned in it; lastly, this will lead you to think of plants, and how they work up the strength of the sunbeams into their leaves, and hide black carbon in even the purest and whitest substance they contain.

mindnounUS /maɪnd/

The element of a person that enables awareness and thought.

From this reading The next thing you will call to mind is that this coal burns and gives flame and heat, and that this means that in some way sunbeams are imprisoned in it; lastly, this will lead you to think of plants, and how they work up the strength of the sunbeams into their leaves, and hide black carbon in even the purest and whitest substance they contain.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Try to break a piece of coal, and you will find that it will split much more easily along those lines than across the other way of the lump; and if you wish to light a fire quickly you should always put this lined face downwards so that the heat can force its way up through these cracks and gradually split up the block.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading Try to break a piece of coal, and you will find that it will split much more easily along those lines than across the other way of the lump; and if you wish to light a fire quickly you should always put this lined face downwards so that the heat can force its way up through these cracks and gradually split up the block.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading Then again if you break the coal carefully along one of these lines you will find a fine film of charcoal lying in the crack, and you will begin to suspect that this black coal must have been built up in very thin layers, with a kind of black dust between them.

nextadjectiveUS /nekst/

immediately following in time or order

From this reading The next thing you will call to mind is that this coal burns and gives flame and heat, and that this means that in some way sunbeams are imprisoned in it; lastly, this will lead you to think of plants, and how they work up the strength of the sunbeams into their leaves, and hide black carbon in even the purest and whitest substance they contain.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Look at the smooth face of this specimen and see if you can explain those fine lines which run across so close together as to look like the edges of the leaves of a book.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Then again if you break the coal carefully along one of these lines you will find a fine film of charcoal lying in the crack, and you will begin to suspect that this black coal must have been built up in very thin layers, with a kind of black dust between them.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading Try to break a piece of coal, and you will find that it will split much more easily along those lines than across the other way of the lump; and if you wish to light a fire quickly you should always put this lined face downwards so that the heat can force its way up through these cracks and gradually split up the block.

piecenounUS /piːs/

a separate part of a whole

From this reading Try to break a piece of coal, and you will find that it will split much more easily along those lines than across the other way of the lump; and if you wish to light a fire quickly you should always put this lined face downwards so that the heat can force its way up through these cracks and gradually split up the block.

plantsnounUS /plænts/

plural of “plant” — buildings for carrying on industrial labor

From this reading The next thing you will call to mind is that this coal burns and gives flame and heat, and that this means that in some way sunbeams are imprisoned in it; lastly, this will lead you to think of plants, and how they work up the strength of the sunbeams into their leaves, and hide black carbon in even the purest and whitest substance they contain.

purestadjectiveUS /ˈpjʊrəst/

superlative of “pure” — free of extraneous elements of any kind

From this reading The next thing you will call to mind is that this coal burns and gives flame and heat, and that this means that in some way sunbeams are imprisoned in it; lastly, this will lead you to think of plants, and how they work up the strength of the sunbeams into their leaves, and hide black carbon in even the purest and whitest substance they contain.

putverbUS /pʊt/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading Try to break a piece of coal, and you will find that it will split much more easily along those lines than across the other way of the lump; and if you wish to light a fire quickly you should always put this lined face downwards so that the heat can force its way up through these cracks and gradually split up the block.

questionsnounUS /ˈkwestʃənz/

plural of “question” — an instance of questioning

From this reading It looks uninteresting enough at first sight, and yet if we examine it closely we shall find some questions to ask even about its appearance.

quicklyadverbUS /ˈkwɪkli/

with speed

From this reading Try to break a piece of coal, and you will find that it will split much more easily along those lines than across the other way of the lump; and if you wish to light a fire quickly you should always put this lined face downwards so that the heat can force its way up through these cracks and gradually split up the block.

runverbUS /rʌn/

move fast by using one's feet, with one foot off the ground at any given time

From this reading Look at the smooth face of this specimen and see if you can explain those fine lines which run across so close together as to look like the edges of the leaves of a book.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading Look at the smooth face of this specimen and see if you can explain those fine lines which run across so close together as to look like the edges of the leaves of a book.

shallmodal verbUS /ʃæl/

used with I and we for the future, or to offer and suggest

From this reading It looks uninteresting enough at first sight, and yet if we examine it closely we shall find some questions to ask even about its appearance.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading Try to break a piece of coal, and you will find that it will split much more easily along those lines than across the other way of the lump; and if you wish to light a fire quickly you should always put this lined face downwards so that the heat can force its way up through these cracks and gradually split up the block.

sightnounUS /saɪt/

an instance of visual perception

From this reading It looks uninteresting enough at first sight, and yet if we examine it closely we shall find some questions to ask even about its appearance.

smoothadjectiveUS /smuːð/

having a surface free from roughness or bumps or ridges or irregularities

From this reading Look at the smooth face of this specimen and see if you can explain those fine lines which run across so close together as to look like the edges of the leaves of a book.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Look at the smooth face of this specimen and see if you can explain those fine lines which run across so close together as to look like the edges of the leaves of a book.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading It looks uninteresting enough at first sight, and yet if we examine it closely we shall find some questions to ask even about its appearance.

specimennounUS /ˈspesəmən/

an example regarded as typical of its class

From this reading Look at the smooth face of this specimen and see if you can explain those fine lines which run across so close together as to look like the edges of the leaves of a book.

splitverbUS /splɪt/

separate into parts or portions

From this reading Try to break a piece of coal, and you will find that it will split much more easily along those lines than across the other way of the lump; and if you wish to light a fire quickly you should always put this lined face downwards so that the heat can force its way up through these cracks and gradually split up the block.

strengthnounUS /streŋkθ/

the property of being physically or mentally strong

From this reading The next thing you will call to mind is that this coal burns and gives flame and heat, and that this means that in some way sunbeams are imprisoned in it; lastly, this will lead you to think of plants, and how they work up the strength of the sunbeams into their leaves, and hide black carbon in even the purest and whitest substance they contain.

substancenounUS /ˈsʌbstəns/

the real physical matter of which a person or thing consists

From this reading The next thing you will call to mind is that this coal burns and gives flame and heat, and that this means that in some way sunbeams are imprisoned in it; lastly, this will lead you to think of plants, and how they work up the strength of the sunbeams into their leaves, and hide black carbon in even the purest and whitest substance they contain.

sunbeams

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The next thing you will call to mind is that this coal burns and gives flame and heat, and that this means that in some way sunbeams are imprisoned in it; lastly, this will lead you to think of plants, and how they work up the strength of the sunbeams into their leaves, and hide black carbon in even the purest and whitest substance they contain.

suspectverbUS /səˈspekt/

imagine to be the case or true or probable

From this reading Then again if you break the coal carefully along one of these lines you will find a fine film of charcoal lying in the crack, and you will begin to suspect that this black coal must have been built up in very thin layers, with a kind of black dust between them.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Try to break a piece of coal, and you will find that it will split much more easily along those lines than across the other way of the lump; and if you wish to light a fire quickly you should always put this lined face downwards so that the heat can force its way up through these cracks and gradually split up the block.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Try to break a piece of coal, and you will find that it will split much more easily along those lines than across the other way of the lump; and if you wish to light a fire quickly you should always put this lined face downwards so that the heat can force its way up through these cracks and gradually split up the block.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Look at the smooth face of this specimen and see if you can explain those fine lines which run across so close together as to look like the edges of the leaves of a book.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The next thing you will call to mind is that this coal burns and gives flame and heat, and that this means that in some way sunbeams are imprisoned in it; lastly, this will lead you to think of plants, and how they work up the strength of the sunbeams into their leaves, and hide black carbon in even the purest and whitest substance they contain.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Then again if you break the coal carefully along one of these lines you will find a fine film of charcoal lying in the crack, and you will begin to suspect that this black coal must have been built up in very thin layers, with a kind of black dust between them.

ThenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading Then again if you break the coal carefully along one of these lines you will find a fine film of charcoal lying in the crack, and you will begin to suspect that this black coal must have been built up in very thin layers, with a kind of black dust between them.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading Try to break a piece of coal, and you will find that it will split much more easily along those lines than across the other way of the lump; and if you wish to light a fire quickly you should always put this lined face downwards so that the heat can force its way up through these cracks and gradually split up the block.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The next thing you will call to mind is that this coal burns and gives flame and heat, and that this means that in some way sunbeams are imprisoned in it; lastly, this will lead you to think of plants, and how they work up the strength of the sunbeams into their leaves, and hide black carbon in even the purest and whitest substance they contain.

thinadjectiveUS /θɪn/

Having little thickness or extent.

From this reading Then again if you break the coal carefully along one of these lines you will find a fine film of charcoal lying in the crack, and you will begin to suspect that this black coal must have been built up in very thin layers, with a kind of black dust between them.

thingnounUS /θɪŋ/

a special situation

From this reading The next thing you will call to mind is that this coal burns and gives flame and heat, and that this means that in some way sunbeams are imprisoned in it; lastly, this will lead you to think of plants, and how they work up the strength of the sunbeams into their leaves, and hide black carbon in even the purest and whitest substance they contain.

thinkverbUS /θɪŋk/

judge or regard; look upon; judge

From this reading The next thing you will call to mind is that this coal burns and gives flame and heat, and that this means that in some way sunbeams are imprisoned in it; lastly, this will lead you to think of plants, and how they work up the strength of the sunbeams into their leaves, and hide black carbon in even the purest and whitest substance they contain.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Look at the smooth face of this specimen and see if you can explain those fine lines which run across so close together as to look like the edges of the leaves of a book.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading Look at the smooth face of this specimen and see if you can explain those fine lines which run across so close together as to look like the edges of the leaves of a book.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading Try to break a piece of coal, and you will find that it will split much more easily along those lines than across the other way of the lump; and if you wish to light a fire quickly you should always put this lined face downwards so that the heat can force its way up through these cracks and gradually split up the block.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading It looks uninteresting enough at first sight, and yet if we examine it closely we shall find some questions to ask even about its appearance.

togetheradverbUS /təˈɡeðər/

in contact with each other or in proximity

From this reading Look at the smooth face of this specimen and see if you can explain those fine lines which run across so close together as to look like the edges of the leaves of a book.

TryverbUS /traɪ/

make an effort or attempt

From this reading Try to break a piece of coal, and you will find that it will split much more easily along those lines than across the other way of the lump; and if you wish to light a fire quickly you should always put this lined face downwards so that the heat can force its way up through these cracks and gradually split up the block.

uninterestingadjectiveUS /əˈnɪntrəstɪŋ/

arousing no interest or attention or curiosity or excitement

From this reading It looks uninteresting enough at first sight, and yet if we examine it closely we shall find some questions to ask even about its appearance.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading Try to break a piece of coal, and you will find that it will split much more easily along those lines than across the other way of the lump; and if you wish to light a fire quickly you should always put this lined face downwards so that the heat can force its way up through these cracks and gradually split up the block.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading Then again if you break the coal carefully along one of these lines you will find a fine film of charcoal lying in the crack, and you will begin to suspect that this black coal must have been built up in very thin layers, with a kind of black dust between them.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading Try to break a piece of coal, and you will find that it will split much more easily along those lines than across the other way of the lump; and if you wish to light a fire quickly you should always put this lined face downwards so that the heat can force its way up through these cracks and gradually split up the block.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading It looks uninteresting enough at first sight, and yet if we examine it closely we shall find some questions to ask even about its appearance.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Look at the smooth face of this specimen and see if you can explain those fine lines which run across so close together as to look like the edges of the leaves of a book.

whitestadjectiveUS /ˈwaɪtɪst/

superlative of “white” — being of the achromatic color of maximum lightness; having little or no hue owing to reflection of almost all incident light

From this reading The next thing you will call to mind is that this coal burns and gives flame and heat, and that this means that in some way sunbeams are imprisoned in it; lastly, this will lead you to think of plants, and how they work up the strength of the sunbeams into their leaves, and hide black carbon in even the purest and whitest substance they contain.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading Try to break a piece of coal, and you will find that it will split much more easily along those lines than across the other way of the lump; and if you wish to light a fire quickly you should always put this lined face downwards so that the heat can force its way up through these cracks and gradually split up the block.

wishverbUS /wɪʃ/

hope for; have a wish

From this reading Try to break a piece of coal, and you will find that it will split much more easily along those lines than across the other way of the lump; and if you wish to light a fire quickly you should always put this lined face downwards so that the heat can force its way up through these cracks and gradually split up the block.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Then again if you break the coal carefully along one of these lines you will find a fine film of charcoal lying in the crack, and you will begin to suspect that this black coal must have been built up in very thin layers, with a kind of black dust between them.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading The next thing you will call to mind is that this coal burns and gives flame and heat, and that this means that in some way sunbeams are imprisoned in it; lastly, this will lead you to think of plants, and how they work up the strength of the sunbeams into their leaves, and hide black carbon in even the purest and whitest substance they contain.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading It looks uninteresting enough at first sight, and yet if we examine it closely we shall find some questions to ask even about its appearance.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading Look at the smooth face of this specimen and see if you can explain those fine lines which run across so close together as to look like the edges of the leaves of a book.

Chapter 4 of The Fairy-Land of Science by Arabella B. (Arabella Burton) Buckley holds 472 sentences, grouped into 95 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of The Fairy-Land of Science contain?

Chapter 4 holds 472 sentences of The Fairy-Land of Science, unabridged, divided into 95 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of The Fairy-Land of Science by Arabella B. (Arabella Burton) Buckley exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 472 sentences, grouped into 95 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of The Fairy-Land of Science?

Work through the 95 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 95 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Fairy-Land of Science

Common questions about reading The Fairy-Land of Science by Arabella B. (Arabella Burton) Buckley on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Fairy-Land of Science?

Yes. All 1878 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #5726 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Fairy-Land of Science is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #5726, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Fairy-Land of Science take to read?

About 156 minutes of reading across 376 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Fairy-Land of Science section by section

How to work through The Fairy-Land of Science section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 4 chapters of The Fairy-Land of Science to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Fairy-Land of Science

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Fairy-Land of Science, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Promised
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Fairy-Land of Science; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Introduce
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Fairy-Land of Science; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Today
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Fairy-Land of Science; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Fairy-land
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Fairy-Land of Science; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.