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The Fall of a Nation
The Fall of a Nation

Chapter XXIII

Chapter 23 of The Fall of a Nation is here in full — 75 sentences across 15 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/15 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
In vain officers tried to stem the torrent of humanity that poured out in the wake of the volunteers.
The wildest rumors had deprived them of all reason.
They had heard that the city would be shelled by the foreign fleet within six hours and reduced to ashes.
It was reported that the enemy’s giant submarines had already passed the forts at Sandy Hook and the Narrows and were now taking their places around the city in the North and East Rivers.
The guns of these dreadnaught submarines threw five-inch shells and New York was already at their mercy.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Fall of a Nation

Chapter XXIII

Chapter 23 of The Fall of a Nation is here in full — 75 sentences across 15 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/15 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
In vain officers tried to stem the torrent of humanity that poured out in the wake of the volunteers.
/ɪn veɪn ˈɔːfəsərz traɪd tuː stem ðə ˈtɔːrənt ʌv hjuːˈmænɪti ðæt pɔːrd aʊt ɪn ðə weɪk ʌv ðə ˌvɑːlənˈtɪrz/
Line 2
The wildest rumors had deprived them of all reason.
/ðə ˈwaɪldɪst ˈruːmərz hæd dɪˈpraɪvd ðem ʌv ɔːl ˈriːzən/
Line 3
They had heard that the city would be shelled by the foreign fleet within six hours and reduced to ashes.
/ðeɪ hæd hɜːrd ðæt ðə ˈsɪti wʊd biː ʃeld baɪ ðə ˈfɔːrən fliːt wɪˈðɪn sɪks ˈaʊərz ənd rəˈduːst tuː ˈæʃ.ɪz/
Line 4
It was reported that the enemy’s giant submarines had already passed the forts at Sandy Hook and the Narrows and were now taking their places around the city in the North and East Rivers.
/ɪt wɑːz ˌriːˈpɔːrtɪd ðæt ðə ˈenəmiz ˈdʒaɪənt ˈsʌbməriːnz hæd ɔːlˈredi pæst ðə fɔːrts æt ˈsændi hʊk ənd ðə ˈneroʊz ənd wɜːr naʊ ˈteɪkɪŋ ðer ˈpleɪsəz ərˈaʊnd ðə ˈsɪti ɪn ðə nɔːrθ ənd iːst ˈrɪvərz/
Line 5
The guns of these dreadnaught submarines threw five-inch shells and New York was already at their mercy.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

enemy's noun US /ˈenəmiz/

possessive form of “enemy” — an opposing military force

forts noun US /fɔːrts/

plural of “fort” — a fortified military post where troops are stationed

From this reading “It was reported that the enemy’s giant submarines had already passed the forts at Sandy Hook and the Narrows and were now taking their places around the city in the North and East Rivers.”

Narrows noun US /ˈneroʊz/

plural of “narrow” — a narrow strait connecting two bodies of water

From this reading “It was reported that the enemy’s giant submarines had already passed the forts at Sandy Hook and the Narrows and were now taking their places around the city in the North and East Rivers.”

rumors noun US /ˈruːmərz/

plural of “rumor” — gossip (usually a mixture of truth and untruth) passed around by word of mouth

From this reading “The wildest rumors had deprived them of all reason.”

shelled adjective US /ʃeld/

of animals or fruits that have a shell

From this reading “They had heard that the city would be shelled by the foreign fleet within six hours and reduced to ashes.”

submarines noun US /ˈsʌbməriːnz/

plural of “submarine” — a submersible warship usually armed with torpedoes

From this reading “It was reported that the enemy’s giant submarines had already passed the forts at Sandy Hook and the Narrows and were now taking their places around the city in the North and East Rivers.”

volunteers noun US /ˌvɑːlənˈtɪrz/

plural of “volunteer” — (military) a person who freely enlists for service

From this reading “In vain officers tried to stem the torrent of humanity that poured out in the wake of the volunteers.”

wildest adjective US /ˈwaɪldɪst/

superlative of “wild” — marked by extreme lack of restraint or control

From this reading “The wildest rumors had deprived them of all reason.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

six hours noun + noun

In this reading “They had heard that the city would be shelled by the foreign fleet within six hours and reduced to ashes.”

poured out verb + adjective counted as “pour out”

express without restraint

In this reading “In vain officers tried to stem the torrent of humanity that poured out in the wake of the volunteers.”

within six preposition + noun

In this reading “They had heard that the city would be shelled by the foreign fleet within six hours and reduced to ashes.”

All words in this reading · 68

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading The wildest rumors had deprived them of all reason.

alreadyadverbUS /ɔːlˈredi/

prior to a specified or implied time

From this reading It was reported that the enemy’s giant submarines had already passed the forts at Sandy Hook and the Narrows and were now taking their places around the city in the North and East Rivers.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading They had heard that the city would be shelled by the foreign fleet within six hours and reduced to ashes.

aroundprepositionUS /ərˈaʊnd/

surrounding, or on every side of, something

From this reading It was reported that the enemy’s giant submarines had already passed the forts at Sandy Hook and the Narrows and were now taking their places around the city in the North and East Rivers.

ashesnounUS /ˈæʃ.ɪz/

The powdery residue left after the burning of a substance.

From this reading They had heard that the city would be shelled by the foreign fleet within six hours and reduced to ashes.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading It was reported that the enemy’s giant submarines had already passed the forts at Sandy Hook and the Narrows and were now taking their places around the city in the North and East Rivers.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading They had heard that the city would be shelled by the foreign fleet within six hours and reduced to ashes.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading They had heard that the city would be shelled by the foreign fleet within six hours and reduced to ashes.

citynounUS /ˈsɪti/

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading They had heard that the city would be shelled by the foreign fleet within six hours and reduced to ashes.

deprivedadjectiveUS /dɪˈpraɪvd/

marked by deprivation especially of the necessities of life or healthful environmental influences

From this reading The wildest rumors had deprived them of all reason.

dreadnaughtnoun

battleship that has big guns all of the same caliber

From this reading The guns of these dreadnaught submarines threw five-inch shells and New York was already at their mercy.

EastnounUS /iːst/

the cardinal compass point that is at 90 degrees

From this reading It was reported that the enemy’s giant submarines had already passed the forts at Sandy Hook and the Narrows and were now taking their places around the city in the North and East Rivers.

enemy'snounUS /ˈenəmiz/

possessive form of “enemy” — an opposing military force

From this reading It was reported that the enemy’s giant submarines had already passed the forts at Sandy Hook and the Narrows and were now taking their places around the city in the North and East Rivers.

five-inch

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The guns of these dreadnaught submarines threw five-inch shells and New York was already at their mercy.

fleetnounUS /fliːt/

group of aircraft operating together under the same ownership

From this reading They had heard that the city would be shelled by the foreign fleet within six hours and reduced to ashes.

foreignadjectiveUS /ˈfɔːrən/

of concern to or concerning the affairs of other nations (other than your own)

From this reading They had heard that the city would be shelled by the foreign fleet within six hours and reduced to ashes.

fortsnounUS /fɔːrts/

plural of “fort” — a fortified military post where troops are stationed

From this reading It was reported that the enemy’s giant submarines had already passed the forts at Sandy Hook and the Narrows and were now taking their places around the city in the North and East Rivers.

giantnounUS /ˈdʒaɪənt/

any creature of exceptional size

From this reading It was reported that the enemy’s giant submarines had already passed the forts at Sandy Hook and the Narrows and were now taking their places around the city in the North and East Rivers.

gunsnounUS /ɡʌnz/

plural of “gun” — a weapon that discharges a missile at high velocity (especially from a metal tube or barrel)

From this reading The guns of these dreadnaught submarines threw five-inch shells and New York was already at their mercy.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The wildest rumors had deprived them of all reason.

heardadjectiveUS /hɜːrd/

detected or perceived by the sense of hearing

From this reading They had heard that the city would be shelled by the foreign fleet within six hours and reduced to ashes.

HookverbUS /hʊk/

fasten with a hook

From this reading It was reported that the enemy’s giant submarines had already passed the forts at Sandy Hook and the Narrows and were now taking their places around the city in the North and East Rivers.

hoursnounUS /ˈaʊərz/

a period of time assigned for work

From this reading They had heard that the city would be shelled by the foreign fleet within six hours and reduced to ashes.

humanitynounUS /hjuːˈmænɪti/

the quality of being humane

From this reading In vain officers tried to stem the torrent of humanity that poured out in the wake of the volunteers.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In vain officers tried to stem the torrent of humanity that poured out in the wake of the volunteers.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was reported that the enemy’s giant submarines had already passed the forts at Sandy Hook and the Narrows and were now taking their places around the city in the North and East Rivers.

mercynounUS /ˈmɜːrsi/

leniency and compassion shown toward offenders by a person or agency charged with administering justice

From this reading The guns of these dreadnaught submarines threw five-inch shells and New York was already at their mercy.

NarrowsnounUS /ˈneroʊz/

plural of “narrow” — a narrow strait connecting two bodies of water

From this reading It was reported that the enemy’s giant submarines had already passed the forts at Sandy Hook and the Narrows and were now taking their places around the city in the North and East Rivers.

NewadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading The guns of these dreadnaught submarines threw five-inch shells and New York was already at their mercy.

NorthnounUS /nɔːrθ/

the region of the United States lying to the north of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading It was reported that the enemy’s giant submarines had already passed the forts at Sandy Hook and the Narrows and were now taking their places around the city in the North and East Rivers.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading It was reported that the enemy’s giant submarines had already passed the forts at Sandy Hook and the Narrows and were now taking their places around the city in the North and East Rivers.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading In vain officers tried to stem the torrent of humanity that poured out in the wake of the volunteers.

officersnounUS /ˈɔːfəsərz/

plural of “officer” — any person in the armed services who holds a position of authority or command

From this reading In vain officers tried to stem the torrent of humanity that poured out in the wake of the volunteers.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading In vain officers tried to stem the torrent of humanity that poured out in the wake of the volunteers.

passedverbUS /pæst/

past form of “pass” — go across or through

From this reading It was reported that the enemy’s giant submarines had already passed the forts at Sandy Hook and the Narrows and were now taking their places around the city in the North and East Rivers.

placesnounUS /ˈpleɪsəz/

plural of “place” — a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading It was reported that the enemy’s giant submarines had already passed the forts at Sandy Hook and the Narrows and were now taking their places around the city in the North and East Rivers.

pouredverbUS /pɔːrd/

past form of “pour” — cause to run

From this reading In vain officers tried to stem the torrent of humanity that poured out in the wake of the volunteers.

reasonnounUS /ˈriːzən/

a rational motive for a belief or action

From this reading The wildest rumors had deprived them of all reason.

reducedadjectiveUS /rəˈduːst/

made less in size or amount or degree

From this reading They had heard that the city would be shelled by the foreign fleet within six hours and reduced to ashes.

reportedadjectiveUS /ˌriːˈpɔːrtɪd/

made known or told about; especially presented in a formal account

From this reading It was reported that the enemy’s giant submarines had already passed the forts at Sandy Hook and the Narrows and were now taking their places around the city in the North and East Rivers.

RiversnounUS /ˈrɪvərz/

plural of “river” — a large natural stream of water (larger than a creek)

From this reading It was reported that the enemy’s giant submarines had already passed the forts at Sandy Hook and the Narrows and were now taking their places around the city in the North and East Rivers.

rumorsnounUS /ˈruːmərz/

plural of “rumor” — gossip (usually a mixture of truth and untruth) passed around by word of mouth

From this reading The wildest rumors had deprived them of all reason.

SandyadjectiveUS /ˈsændi/

of hair color; pale yellowish to yellowish brown

From this reading It was reported that the enemy’s giant submarines had already passed the forts at Sandy Hook and the Narrows and were now taking their places around the city in the North and East Rivers.

shelledadjectiveUS /ʃeld/

of animals or fruits that have a shell

From this reading They had heard that the city would be shelled by the foreign fleet within six hours and reduced to ashes.

shellsnounUS /ʃelz/

plural of “shell” — ammunition consisting of a cylindrical metal casing containing an explosive charge and a projectile; fired from a large gun

From this reading The guns of these dreadnaught submarines threw five-inch shells and New York was already at their mercy.

sixnounUS /sɪks/

the cardinal number that is the sum of five and one

From this reading They had heard that the city would be shelled by the foreign fleet within six hours and reduced to ashes.

stemnounUS /stem/

(linguistics) the form of a word after all affixes are removed

From this reading In vain officers tried to stem the torrent of humanity that poured out in the wake of the volunteers.

submarinesnounUS /ˈsʌbməriːnz/

plural of “submarine” — a submersible warship usually armed with torpedoes

From this reading It was reported that the enemy’s giant submarines had already passed the forts at Sandy Hook and the Narrows and were now taking their places around the city in the North and East Rivers.

takingnounUS /ˈteɪkɪŋ/

the act of someone who picks up or takes something

From this reading It was reported that the enemy’s giant submarines had already passed the forts at Sandy Hook and the Narrows and were now taking their places around the city in the North and East Rivers.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading In vain officers tried to stem the torrent of humanity that poured out in the wake of the volunteers.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading In vain officers tried to stem the torrent of humanity that poured out in the wake of the volunteers.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading It was reported that the enemy’s giant submarines had already passed the forts at Sandy Hook and the Narrows and were now taking their places around the city in the North and East Rivers.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading The wildest rumors had deprived them of all reason.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading The guns of these dreadnaught submarines threw five-inch shells and New York was already at their mercy.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They had heard that the city would be shelled by the foreign fleet within six hours and reduced to ashes.

threwverbUS /θruː/

inflected form of “throw” — propel through the air

From this reading The guns of these dreadnaught submarines threw five-inch shells and New York was already at their mercy.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading In vain officers tried to stem the torrent of humanity that poured out in the wake of the volunteers.

torrentnounUS /ˈtɔːrənt/

a heavy rain

From this reading In vain officers tried to stem the torrent of humanity that poured out in the wake of the volunteers.

triedadjectiveUS /traɪd/

tested and proved useful or correct

From this reading In vain officers tried to stem the torrent of humanity that poured out in the wake of the volunteers.

vainadjectiveUS /veɪn/

characteristic of false pride; having an exaggerated sense of self-importance

From this reading In vain officers tried to stem the torrent of humanity that poured out in the wake of the volunteers.

volunteersnounUS /ˌvɑːlənˈtɪrz/

plural of “volunteer” — (military) a person who freely enlists for service

From this reading In vain officers tried to stem the torrent of humanity that poured out in the wake of the volunteers.

wakeverbUS /weɪk/

be awake, be alert, be there

From this reading In vain officers tried to stem the torrent of humanity that poured out in the wake of the volunteers.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was reported that the enemy’s giant submarines had already passed the forts at Sandy Hook and the Narrows and were now taking their places around the city in the North and East Rivers.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading It was reported that the enemy’s giant submarines had already passed the forts at Sandy Hook and the Narrows and were now taking their places around the city in the North and East Rivers.

wildestadjectiveUS /ˈwaɪldɪst/

superlative of “wild” — marked by extreme lack of restraint or control

From this reading The wildest rumors had deprived them of all reason.

withinprepositionUS /wɪˈðɪn/

inside; before a period of time has passed

From this reading They had heard that the city would be shelled by the foreign fleet within six hours and reduced to ashes.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading They had heard that the city would be shelled by the foreign fleet within six hours and reduced to ashes.

YorknounUS /jɔːrk/

the English royal house (a branch of the Plantagenet line) that reigned from 1461 to 1485; its emblem was a white rose

From this reading The guns of these dreadnaught submarines threw five-inch shells and New York was already at their mercy.

Chapter 23 of The Fall of a Nation by Thomas, Jr. Dixon holds 75 sentences, grouped into 15 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 23 of The Fall of a Nation contain?

Chapter 23 holds 75 sentences of The Fall of a Nation, unabridged, divided into 15 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 23 of The Fall of a Nation by Thomas, Jr. Dixon exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 75 sentences, grouped into 15 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 23 of The Fall of a Nation?

Work through the 15 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 15 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 23 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 23 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Fall of a Nation

Common questions about reading The Fall of a Nation by Thomas, Jr. Dixon on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Fall of a Nation?

Yes. All 4991 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #48089 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Fall of a Nation is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #48089, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Fall of a Nation take to read?

About 415 minutes of reading across 999 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Fall of a Nation section by section

How to work through The Fall of a Nation section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Fall of a Nation

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Fall of a Nation, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Fall of a Nation; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Clansman
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Fall of a Nation; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Southerner
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Fall of a Nation; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Foolish
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Fall of a Nation; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.