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The family Robinson Crusoe
The family Robinson Crusoe

Chapter XXXIV

Chapter 34 of The family Robinson Crusoe is here in full — 92 sentences across 19 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/18 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
_House in the salt-rock;—herring fishery._ The lucky discovery of a previously-existing cavern in the rock, had, as must be supposed, considerably lessened our labour: excavation was no longer requisite: I had more room than was wanted for the construction of our dwelling; to render it habitable was the present object, and to do this did not seem a difficult task.
The upper bed of the rock in front of the cavern, through which my little Jack had dug so easily, was of a soft nature, and to be worked with moderate effort.
I hoped also that, being now exposed to the air and heat of the sun, it would become by degrees as hard and compact as the first layer that had given me so much trouble.
From this consideration I began, while it retained its soft state, to make openings for the door and windows of the front.
This I regulated by the measurement of those I had fixed in my winding stair-case, which I had removed for the purpose of placing them in our winter tenement.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The family Robinson Crusoe

Chapter XXXIV

Chapter 34 of The family Robinson Crusoe is here in full — 92 sentences across 19 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/18 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
_House in the salt-rock;—herring fishery._ The lucky discovery of a previously-existing cavern in the rock, had, as must be supposed, considerably lessened our labour: excavation was no longer requisite: I had more room than was wanted for the construction of our dwelling; to render it habitable was the present object, and to do this did not seem a difficult task.
Line 2
The upper bed of the rock in front of the cavern, through which my little Jack had dug so easily, was of a soft nature, and to be worked with moderate effort.
/ðə ˈʌpər bed ʌv ðə rɑːk ɪn frʌnt ʌv ðə ˈkæv.ərn θruː wɪtʃ maɪ ˈlɪtəl dʒæk hæd dʌɡ soʊ ˈiːzəli wɑːz ʌv ə sɑːft ˈneɪtʃər ənd tuː biː wɜːrkt wɪð ˈmɑːdərət ˈefərt/
Line 3
I hoped also that, being now exposed to the air and heat of the sun, it would become by degrees as hard and compact as the first layer that had given me so much trouble.
/aɪ hoʊpt ˈɔːlsoʊ ðæt ˈbiːɪŋ naʊ ɪkˈspoʊzd tuː ðə er ənd hiːt ʌv ðə sʌn ɪt wʊd bɪˈkʌm baɪ dɪˈɡriːz æz hɑːrd ənd ˈkɑːmpækt æz ðə fɜːrst ˈleɪər ðæt hæd ˈɡɪvən miː soʊ mʌtʃ ˈtrʌbəl/
Line 4
From this consideration I began, while it retained its soft state, to make openings for the door and windows of the front.
/frʌm ðɪs kənˌsɪdərˈeɪʃən aɪ bɪˈɡæn waɪl ɪt rɪˈteɪnd ɪts sɑːft steɪt tuː meɪk ˈoʊpənɪŋz fɔːr ðə dɔːr ənd ˈwɪndoʊz ʌv ðə frʌnt/
Line 5
This I regulated by the measurement of those I had fixed in my winding stair-case, which I had removed for the purpose of placing them in our winter tenement.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

excavation noun US /ˌekskəˈveɪʃən/

the act of digging

From this reading “_House in the salt-rock;—herring fishery._ The lucky discovery of a previously-existing cavern in the rock, had, as must be supposed, considerably lessened our labour: excavation was no longer requisite: I had more room than was wanted for the construction of our dwelling; to render it habitable was the present object, and to do this did not seem a difficult task.”

fishery noun US /ˈfɪʃəri/

a workplace where fish are caught and processed and sold

From this reading “_House in the salt-rock;—herring fishery._ The lucky discovery of a previously-existing cavern in the rock, had, as must be supposed, considerably lessened our labour: excavation was no longer requisite: I had more room than was wanted for the construction of our dwelling; to render it habitable was the present object, and to do this did not seem a difficult task.”

habitable adjective US /ˈhæbətəbəl/

fit for habitation

From this reading “_House in the salt-rock;—herring fishery._ The lucky discovery of a previously-existing cavern in the rock, had, as must be supposed, considerably lessened our labour: excavation was no longer requisite: I had more room than was wanted for the construction of our dwelling; to render it habitable was the present object, and to do this did not seem a difficult task.”

herring noun US /ˈherɪŋ/

valuable flesh of fatty fish from shallow waters of northern Atlantic or Pacific; usually salted or pickled

From this reading “_House in the salt-rock;—herring fishery._ The lucky discovery of a previously-existing cavern in the rock, had, as must be supposed, considerably lessened our labour: excavation was no longer requisite: I had more room than was wanted for the construction of our dwelling; to render it habitable was the present object, and to do this did not seem a difficult task.”

measurement noun US /ˈmeʒərmənt/

the act or process of assigning numbers to phenomena according to a rule

From this reading “This I regulated by the measurement of those I had fixed in my winding stair-case, which I had removed for the purpose of placing them in our winter tenement.”

openings noun US /ˈoʊpənɪŋz/

plural of “opening” — an open or empty space in or between things

From this reading “From this consideration I began, while it retained its soft state, to make openings for the door and windows of the front.”

regulated adjective US /ˈreɡjəleɪtɪd/

controlled or governed according to rule or principle or law

From this reading “This I regulated by the measurement of those I had fixed in my winding stair-case, which I had removed for the purpose of placing them in our winter tenement.”

tenement noun US /ˈtenəmənt/

a run-down apartment house barely meeting minimal standards

From this reading “This I regulated by the measurement of those I had fixed in my winding stair-case, which I had removed for the purpose of placing them in our winter tenement.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

difficult task adjective + noun

In this reading “_House in the salt-rock;—herring fishery._ The lucky discovery of a previously-existing cavern in the rock, had, as must be supposed, considerably lessened our labour: excavation was no longer requisite: I had more room than was wanted for the construction of our dwelling; to render it habitable was the present object, and to do this did not seem a difficult task.”

by degrees preposition + noun counted as “by degree”

In this reading “I hoped also that, being now exposed to the air and heat of the sun, it would become by degrees as hard and compact as the first layer that had given me so much trouble.”

in front preposition + noun

at or in the front

In this reading “The upper bed of the rock in front of the cavern, through which my little Jack had dug so easily, was of a soft nature, and to be worked with moderate effort.”

for the purpose preposition + article + noun counted as “for … purpose”

In this reading “This I regulated by the measurement of those I had fixed in my winding stair-case, which I had removed for the purpose of placing them in our winter tenement.”

All words in this reading · 110

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading _House in the salt-rock;—herring fishery._ The lucky discovery of a previously-existing cavern in the rock, had, as must be supposed, considerably lessened our labour: excavation was no longer requisite: I had more room than was wanted for the construction of our dwelling; to render it habitable was the present object, and to do this did not seem a difficult task.

airnounUS /er/

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading I hoped also that, being now exposed to the air and heat of the sun, it would become by degrees as hard and compact as the first layer that had given me so much trouble.

alsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading I hoped also that, being now exposed to the air and heat of the sun, it would become by degrees as hard and compact as the first layer that had given me so much trouble.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading _House in the salt-rock;—herring fishery._ The lucky discovery of a previously-existing cavern in the rock, had, as must be supposed, considerably lessened our labour: excavation was no longer requisite: I had more room than was wanted for the construction of our dwelling; to render it habitable was the present object, and to do this did not seem a difficult task.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading _House in the salt-rock;—herring fishery._ The lucky discovery of a previously-existing cavern in the rock, had, as must be supposed, considerably lessened our labour: excavation was no longer requisite: I had more room than was wanted for the construction of our dwelling; to render it habitable was the present object, and to do this did not seem a difficult task.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading _House in the salt-rock;—herring fishery._ The lucky discovery of a previously-existing cavern in the rock, had, as must be supposed, considerably lessened our labour: excavation was no longer requisite: I had more room than was wanted for the construction of our dwelling; to render it habitable was the present object, and to do this did not seem a difficult task.

becomeverbUS /bɪˈkʌm/

enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading I hoped also that, being now exposed to the air and heat of the sun, it would become by degrees as hard and compact as the first layer that had given me so much trouble.

bednounUS /bed/

a piece of furniture that provides a place to sleep

From this reading The upper bed of the rock in front of the cavern, through which my little Jack had dug so easily, was of a soft nature, and to be worked with moderate effort.

beganverbUS /bɪˈɡæn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading From this consideration I began, while it retained its soft state, to make openings for the door and windows of the front.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading I hoped also that, being now exposed to the air and heat of the sun, it would become by degrees as hard and compact as the first layer that had given me so much trouble.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading I hoped also that, being now exposed to the air and heat of the sun, it would become by degrees as hard and compact as the first layer that had given me so much trouble.

cavernnounUS /ˈkæv.ərn/

A large, vast underground cave, often filled with forgotten ancient treasures.

From this reading _House in the salt-rock;—herring fishery._ The lucky discovery of a previously-existing cavern in the rock, had, as must be supposed, considerably lessened our labour: excavation was no longer requisite: I had more room than was wanted for the construction of our dwelling; to render it habitable was the present object, and to do this did not seem a difficult task.

compactnounUS /ˈkɑːmpækt/

a small cosmetics case with a mirror; to be carried in a woman's purse

From this reading I hoped also that, being now exposed to the air and heat of the sun, it would become by degrees as hard and compact as the first layer that had given me so much trouble.

considerablyadverbUS /kənˈsɪdərəbli/

to a great extent or degree

From this reading _House in the salt-rock;—herring fishery._ The lucky discovery of a previously-existing cavern in the rock, had, as must be supposed, considerably lessened our labour: excavation was no longer requisite: I had more room than was wanted for the construction of our dwelling; to render it habitable was the present object, and to do this did not seem a difficult task.

considerationnounUS /kənˌsɪdərˈeɪʃən/

the process of giving careful thought to something

From this reading From this consideration I began, while it retained its soft state, to make openings for the door and windows of the front.

constructionnounUS /kənˈstrʌkʃən/

the act of constructing something

From this reading _House in the salt-rock;—herring fishery._ The lucky discovery of a previously-existing cavern in the rock, had, as must be supposed, considerably lessened our labour: excavation was no longer requisite: I had more room than was wanted for the construction of our dwelling; to render it habitable was the present object, and to do this did not seem a difficult task.

degreesnounUS /dɪˈɡriːz/

plural of “degree” — a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality

From this reading I hoped also that, being now exposed to the air and heat of the sun, it would become by degrees as hard and compact as the first layer that had given me so much trouble.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading _House in the salt-rock;—herring fishery._ The lucky discovery of a previously-existing cavern in the rock, had, as must be supposed, considerably lessened our labour: excavation was no longer requisite: I had more room than was wanted for the construction of our dwelling; to render it habitable was the present object, and to do this did not seem a difficult task.

difficultadjectiveUS /ˈdɪfəkəlt/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading _House in the salt-rock;—herring fishery._ The lucky discovery of a previously-existing cavern in the rock, had, as must be supposed, considerably lessened our labour: excavation was no longer requisite: I had more room than was wanted for the construction of our dwelling; to render it habitable was the present object, and to do this did not seem a difficult task.

discoverynounUS /dɪˈskʌvəri/

the act of discovering something

From this reading _House in the salt-rock;—herring fishery._ The lucky discovery of a previously-existing cavern in the rock, had, as must be supposed, considerably lessened our labour: excavation was no longer requisite: I had more room than was wanted for the construction of our dwelling; to render it habitable was the present object, and to do this did not seem a difficult task.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading _House in the salt-rock;—herring fishery._ The lucky discovery of a previously-existing cavern in the rock, had, as must be supposed, considerably lessened our labour: excavation was no longer requisite: I had more room than was wanted for the construction of our dwelling; to render it habitable was the present object, and to do this did not seem a difficult task.

doornounUS /dɔːr/

a swinging or sliding barrier that will close the entrance to a room or building or vehicle

From this reading From this consideration I began, while it retained its soft state, to make openings for the door and windows of the front.

dugnounUS /dʌɡ/

an udder or breast or teat

From this reading The upper bed of the rock in front of the cavern, through which my little Jack had dug so easily, was of a soft nature, and to be worked with moderate effort.

dwellingnounUS /ˈdwelɪŋ/

housing that someone is living in

From this reading _House in the salt-rock;—herring fishery._ The lucky discovery of a previously-existing cavern in the rock, had, as must be supposed, considerably lessened our labour: excavation was no longer requisite: I had more room than was wanted for the construction of our dwelling; to render it habitable was the present object, and to do this did not seem a difficult task.

easilyadverbUS /ˈiːzəli/

with ease (“easy” is sometimes used informally for “easily”)

From this reading The upper bed of the rock in front of the cavern, through which my little Jack had dug so easily, was of a soft nature, and to be worked with moderate effort.

effortnounUS /ˈefərt/

earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something

From this reading The upper bed of the rock in front of the cavern, through which my little Jack had dug so easily, was of a soft nature, and to be worked with moderate effort.

excavationnounUS /ˌekskəˈveɪʃən/

the act of digging

From this reading _House in the salt-rock;—herring fishery._ The lucky discovery of a previously-existing cavern in the rock, had, as must be supposed, considerably lessened our labour: excavation was no longer requisite: I had more room than was wanted for the construction of our dwelling; to render it habitable was the present object, and to do this did not seem a difficult task.

exposedadjectiveUS /ɪkˈspoʊzd/

with no protection or shield

From this reading I hoped also that, being now exposed to the air and heat of the sun, it would become by degrees as hard and compact as the first layer that had given me so much trouble.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading I hoped also that, being now exposed to the air and heat of the sun, it would become by degrees as hard and compact as the first layer that had given me so much trouble.

fisherynounUS /ˈfɪʃəri/

a workplace where fish are caught and processed and sold

From this reading _House in the salt-rock;—herring fishery._ The lucky discovery of a previously-existing cavern in the rock, had, as must be supposed, considerably lessened our labour: excavation was no longer requisite: I had more room than was wanted for the construction of our dwelling; to render it habitable was the present object, and to do this did not seem a difficult task.

fixedadjectiveUS /fɪkst/

(of a number) having a fixed and unchanging value

From this reading This I regulated by the measurement of those I had fixed in my winding stair-case, which I had removed for the purpose of placing them in our winter tenement.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading _House in the salt-rock;—herring fishery._ The lucky discovery of a previously-existing cavern in the rock, had, as must be supposed, considerably lessened our labour: excavation was no longer requisite: I had more room than was wanted for the construction of our dwelling; to render it habitable was the present object, and to do this did not seem a difficult task.

FromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading From this consideration I began, while it retained its soft state, to make openings for the door and windows of the front.

frontnounUS /frʌnt/

the side that is forward or prominent

From this reading The upper bed of the rock in front of the cavern, through which my little Jack had dug so easily, was of a soft nature, and to be worked with moderate effort.

givenadjectiveUS /ˈɡɪvən/

acknowledged as a supposition

From this reading I hoped also that, being now exposed to the air and heat of the sun, it would become by degrees as hard and compact as the first layer that had given me so much trouble.

habitableadjectiveUS /ˈhæbətəbəl/

fit for habitation

From this reading _House in the salt-rock;—herring fishery._ The lucky discovery of a previously-existing cavern in the rock, had, as must be supposed, considerably lessened our labour: excavation was no longer requisite: I had more room than was wanted for the construction of our dwelling; to render it habitable was the present object, and to do this did not seem a difficult task.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading _House in the salt-rock;—herring fishery._ The lucky discovery of a previously-existing cavern in the rock, had, as must be supposed, considerably lessened our labour: excavation was no longer requisite: I had more room than was wanted for the construction of our dwelling; to render it habitable was the present object, and to do this did not seem a difficult task.

hardadjectiveUS /hɑːrd/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading I hoped also that, being now exposed to the air and heat of the sun, it would become by degrees as hard and compact as the first layer that had given me so much trouble.

heatnounUS /hiːt/

a form of energy that is transferred by a difference in temperature

From this reading I hoped also that, being now exposed to the air and heat of the sun, it would become by degrees as hard and compact as the first layer that had given me so much trouble.

herringnounUS /ˈherɪŋ/

valuable flesh of fatty fish from shallow waters of northern Atlantic or Pacific; usually salted or pickled

From this reading _House in the salt-rock;—herring fishery._ The lucky discovery of a previously-existing cavern in the rock, had, as must be supposed, considerably lessened our labour: excavation was no longer requisite: I had more room than was wanted for the construction of our dwelling; to render it habitable was the present object, and to do this did not seem a difficult task.

hopedverbUS /hoʊpt/

past form of “hope” — expect and wish

From this reading I hoped also that, being now exposed to the air and heat of the sun, it would become by degrees as hard and compact as the first layer that had given me so much trouble.

HousenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading _House in the salt-rock;—herring fishery._ The lucky discovery of a previously-existing cavern in the rock, had, as must be supposed, considerably lessened our labour: excavation was no longer requisite: I had more room than was wanted for the construction of our dwelling; to render it habitable was the present object, and to do this did not seem a difficult task.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading _House in the salt-rock;—herring fishery._ The lucky discovery of a previously-existing cavern in the rock, had, as must be supposed, considerably lessened our labour: excavation was no longer requisite: I had more room than was wanted for the construction of our dwelling; to render it habitable was the present object, and to do this did not seem a difficult task.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading _House in the salt-rock;—herring fishery._ The lucky discovery of a previously-existing cavern in the rock, had, as must be supposed, considerably lessened our labour: excavation was no longer requisite: I had more room than was wanted for the construction of our dwelling; to render it habitable was the present object, and to do this did not seem a difficult task.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading _House in the salt-rock;—herring fishery._ The lucky discovery of a previously-existing cavern in the rock, had, as must be supposed, considerably lessened our labour: excavation was no longer requisite: I had more room than was wanted for the construction of our dwelling; to render it habitable was the present object, and to do this did not seem a difficult task.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading From this consideration I began, while it retained its soft state, to make openings for the door and windows of the front.

JacknounUS /dʒæk/

a small worthless amount

From this reading The upper bed of the rock in front of the cavern, through which my little Jack had dug so easily, was of a soft nature, and to be worked with moderate effort.

labournounUS /ˈleɪbər/

a social class comprising those who do manual labor or work for wages

From this reading _House in the salt-rock;—herring fishery._ The lucky discovery of a previously-existing cavern in the rock, had, as must be supposed, considerably lessened our labour: excavation was no longer requisite: I had more room than was wanted for the construction of our dwelling; to render it habitable was the present object, and to do this did not seem a difficult task.

layernounUS /ˈleɪər/

single thickness of usually some homogeneous substance

From this reading I hoped also that, being now exposed to the air and heat of the sun, it would become by degrees as hard and compact as the first layer that had given me so much trouble.

lessenedadjectiveUS /ˈlesənd/

impaired by diminution

From this reading _House in the salt-rock;—herring fishery._ The lucky discovery of a previously-existing cavern in the rock, had, as must be supposed, considerably lessened our labour: excavation was no longer requisite: I had more room than was wanted for the construction of our dwelling; to render it habitable was the present object, and to do this did not seem a difficult task.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading The upper bed of the rock in front of the cavern, through which my little Jack had dug so easily, was of a soft nature, and to be worked with moderate effort.

longeradverbUS /ˈlɔːŋɡər/

for more time

From this reading _House in the salt-rock;—herring fishery._ The lucky discovery of a previously-existing cavern in the rock, had, as must be supposed, considerably lessened our labour: excavation was no longer requisite: I had more room than was wanted for the construction of our dwelling; to render it habitable was the present object, and to do this did not seem a difficult task.

luckyadjectiveUS /ˈlʌki/

occurring by chance

From this reading _House in the salt-rock;—herring fishery._ The lucky discovery of a previously-existing cavern in the rock, had, as must be supposed, considerably lessened our labour: excavation was no longer requisite: I had more room than was wanted for the construction of our dwelling; to render it habitable was the present object, and to do this did not seem a difficult task.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading From this consideration I began, while it retained its soft state, to make openings for the door and windows of the front.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading I hoped also that, being now exposed to the air and heat of the sun, it would become by degrees as hard and compact as the first layer that had given me so much trouble.

measurementnounUS /ˈmeʒərmənt/

the act or process of assigning numbers to phenomena according to a rule

From this reading This I regulated by the measurement of those I had fixed in my winding stair-case, which I had removed for the purpose of placing them in our winter tenement.

moderateverbUS /ˈmɑːdərət/

preside over

From this reading The upper bed of the rock in front of the cavern, through which my little Jack had dug so easily, was of a soft nature, and to be worked with moderate effort.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading _House in the salt-rock;—herring fishery._ The lucky discovery of a previously-existing cavern in the rock, had, as must be supposed, considerably lessened our labour: excavation was no longer requisite: I had more room than was wanted for the construction of our dwelling; to render it habitable was the present object, and to do this did not seem a difficult task.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading I hoped also that, being now exposed to the air and heat of the sun, it would become by degrees as hard and compact as the first layer that had given me so much trouble.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading _House in the salt-rock;—herring fishery._ The lucky discovery of a previously-existing cavern in the rock, had, as must be supposed, considerably lessened our labour: excavation was no longer requisite: I had more room than was wanted for the construction of our dwelling; to render it habitable was the present object, and to do this did not seem a difficult task.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading The upper bed of the rock in front of the cavern, through which my little Jack had dug so easily, was of a soft nature, and to be worked with moderate effort.

naturenounUS /ˈneɪtʃər/

the essential qualities or characteristics by which something is recognized

From this reading The upper bed of the rock in front of the cavern, through which my little Jack had dug so easily, was of a soft nature, and to be worked with moderate effort.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading _House in the salt-rock;—herring fishery._ The lucky discovery of a previously-existing cavern in the rock, had, as must be supposed, considerably lessened our labour: excavation was no longer requisite: I had more room than was wanted for the construction of our dwelling; to render it habitable was the present object, and to do this did not seem a difficult task.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading _House in the salt-rock;—herring fishery._ The lucky discovery of a previously-existing cavern in the rock, had, as must be supposed, considerably lessened our labour: excavation was no longer requisite: I had more room than was wanted for the construction of our dwelling; to render it habitable was the present object, and to do this did not seem a difficult task.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading I hoped also that, being now exposed to the air and heat of the sun, it would become by degrees as hard and compact as the first layer that had given me so much trouble.

objectnounUS /ˈɑːbdʒekt/

a tangible and visible entity; an entity that can cast a shadow

From this reading _House in the salt-rock;—herring fishery._ The lucky discovery of a previously-existing cavern in the rock, had, as must be supposed, considerably lessened our labour: excavation was no longer requisite: I had more room than was wanted for the construction of our dwelling; to render it habitable was the present object, and to do this did not seem a difficult task.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading _House in the salt-rock;—herring fishery._ The lucky discovery of a previously-existing cavern in the rock, had, as must be supposed, considerably lessened our labour: excavation was no longer requisite: I had more room than was wanted for the construction of our dwelling; to render it habitable was the present object, and to do this did not seem a difficult task.

openingsnounUS /ˈoʊpənɪŋz/

plural of “opening” — an open or empty space in or between things

From this reading From this consideration I began, while it retained its soft state, to make openings for the door and windows of the front.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading _House in the salt-rock;—herring fishery._ The lucky discovery of a previously-existing cavern in the rock, had, as must be supposed, considerably lessened our labour: excavation was no longer requisite: I had more room than was wanted for the construction of our dwelling; to render it habitable was the present object, and to do this did not seem a difficult task.

placingverbUS /ˈpleɪsɪŋ/

-ing form of “place” — put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading This I regulated by the measurement of those I had fixed in my winding stair-case, which I had removed for the purpose of placing them in our winter tenement.

presentverbUS /ˈprezənt/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading _House in the salt-rock;—herring fishery._ The lucky discovery of a previously-existing cavern in the rock, had, as must be supposed, considerably lessened our labour: excavation was no longer requisite: I had more room than was wanted for the construction of our dwelling; to render it habitable was the present object, and to do this did not seem a difficult task.

previously-existing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _House in the salt-rock;—herring fishery._ The lucky discovery of a previously-existing cavern in the rock, had, as must be supposed, considerably lessened our labour: excavation was no longer requisite: I had more room than was wanted for the construction of our dwelling; to render it habitable was the present object, and to do this did not seem a difficult task.

purposenounUS /ˈpɜːrpəs/

an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions

From this reading This I regulated by the measurement of those I had fixed in my winding stair-case, which I had removed for the purpose of placing them in our winter tenement.

regulatedadjectiveUS /ˈreɡjəleɪtɪd/

controlled or governed according to rule or principle or law

From this reading This I regulated by the measurement of those I had fixed in my winding stair-case, which I had removed for the purpose of placing them in our winter tenement.

removedadjectiveUS /riˈmuːvd/

separated in relationship by a given degree of descent

From this reading This I regulated by the measurement of those I had fixed in my winding stair-case, which I had removed for the purpose of placing them in our winter tenement.

renderverbUS /ˈrendər/

cause to become

From this reading _House in the salt-rock;—herring fishery._ The lucky discovery of a previously-existing cavern in the rock, had, as must be supposed, considerably lessened our labour: excavation was no longer requisite: I had more room than was wanted for the construction of our dwelling; to render it habitable was the present object, and to do this did not seem a difficult task.

requisitenounUS /ˈrekwəzət/

anything indispensable

From this reading _House in the salt-rock;—herring fishery._ The lucky discovery of a previously-existing cavern in the rock, had, as must be supposed, considerably lessened our labour: excavation was no longer requisite: I had more room than was wanted for the construction of our dwelling; to render it habitable was the present object, and to do this did not seem a difficult task.

retainedadjectiveUS /rɪˈteɪnd/

continued in your keeping or use or memory

From this reading From this consideration I began, while it retained its soft state, to make openings for the door and windows of the front.

rocknounUS /rɑːk/

a lump or mass of hard consolidated mineral matter

From this reading _House in the salt-rock;—herring fishery._ The lucky discovery of a previously-existing cavern in the rock, had, as must be supposed, considerably lessened our labour: excavation was no longer requisite: I had more room than was wanted for the construction of our dwelling; to render it habitable was the present object, and to do this did not seem a difficult task.

roomnounUS /ruːm/

an area within a building enclosed by walls and floor and ceiling

From this reading _House in the salt-rock;—herring fishery._ The lucky discovery of a previously-existing cavern in the rock, had, as must be supposed, considerably lessened our labour: excavation was no longer requisite: I had more room than was wanted for the construction of our dwelling; to render it habitable was the present object, and to do this did not seem a difficult task.

salt-rock

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _House in the salt-rock;—herring fishery._ The lucky discovery of a previously-existing cavern in the rock, had, as must be supposed, considerably lessened our labour: excavation was no longer requisite: I had more room than was wanted for the construction of our dwelling; to render it habitable was the present object, and to do this did not seem a difficult task.

seemverbUS /siːm/

give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading _House in the salt-rock;—herring fishery._ The lucky discovery of a previously-existing cavern in the rock, had, as must be supposed, considerably lessened our labour: excavation was no longer requisite: I had more room than was wanted for the construction of our dwelling; to render it habitable was the present object, and to do this did not seem a difficult task.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading The upper bed of the rock in front of the cavern, through which my little Jack had dug so easily, was of a soft nature, and to be worked with moderate effort.

softadjectiveUS /sɑːft/

yielding readily to pressure or weight

From this reading The upper bed of the rock in front of the cavern, through which my little Jack had dug so easily, was of a soft nature, and to be worked with moderate effort.

stair-case

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This I regulated by the measurement of those I had fixed in my winding stair-case, which I had removed for the purpose of placing them in our winter tenement.

statenounUS /steɪt/

the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading From this consideration I began, while it retained its soft state, to make openings for the door and windows of the front.

sunnounUS /sʌn/

the star that is the source of light and heat for the planets in the solar system

From this reading I hoped also that, being now exposed to the air and heat of the sun, it would become by degrees as hard and compact as the first layer that had given me so much trouble.

supposedadjectiveUS /səˈpoʊzd/

required or under orders

From this reading _House in the salt-rock;—herring fishery._ The lucky discovery of a previously-existing cavern in the rock, had, as must be supposed, considerably lessened our labour: excavation was no longer requisite: I had more room than was wanted for the construction of our dwelling; to render it habitable was the present object, and to do this did not seem a difficult task.

tasknounUS /tæsk/

any piece of work that is undertaken or attempted

From this reading _House in the salt-rock;—herring fishery._ The lucky discovery of a previously-existing cavern in the rock, had, as must be supposed, considerably lessened our labour: excavation was no longer requisite: I had more room than was wanted for the construction of our dwelling; to render it habitable was the present object, and to do this did not seem a difficult task.

tenementnounUS /ˈtenəmənt/

a run-down apartment house barely meeting minimal standards

From this reading This I regulated by the measurement of those I had fixed in my winding stair-case, which I had removed for the purpose of placing them in our winter tenement.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading _House in the salt-rock;—herring fishery._ The lucky discovery of a previously-existing cavern in the rock, had, as must be supposed, considerably lessened our labour: excavation was no longer requisite: I had more room than was wanted for the construction of our dwelling; to render it habitable was the present object, and to do this did not seem a difficult task.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading I hoped also that, being now exposed to the air and heat of the sun, it would become by degrees as hard and compact as the first layer that had given me so much trouble.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading _House in the salt-rock;—herring fishery._ The lucky discovery of a previously-existing cavern in the rock, had, as must be supposed, considerably lessened our labour: excavation was no longer requisite: I had more room than was wanted for the construction of our dwelling; to render it habitable was the present object, and to do this did not seem a difficult task.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading This I regulated by the measurement of those I had fixed in my winding stair-case, which I had removed for the purpose of placing them in our winter tenement.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading _House in the salt-rock;—herring fishery._ The lucky discovery of a previously-existing cavern in the rock, had, as must be supposed, considerably lessened our labour: excavation was no longer requisite: I had more room than was wanted for the construction of our dwelling; to render it habitable was the present object, and to do this did not seem a difficult task.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading This I regulated by the measurement of those I had fixed in my winding stair-case, which I had removed for the purpose of placing them in our winter tenement.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading The upper bed of the rock in front of the cavern, through which my little Jack had dug so easily, was of a soft nature, and to be worked with moderate effort.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading _House in the salt-rock;—herring fishery._ The lucky discovery of a previously-existing cavern in the rock, had, as must be supposed, considerably lessened our labour: excavation was no longer requisite: I had more room than was wanted for the construction of our dwelling; to render it habitable was the present object, and to do this did not seem a difficult task.

troublenounUS /ˈtrʌbəl/

a source of difficulty

From this reading I hoped also that, being now exposed to the air and heat of the sun, it would become by degrees as hard and compact as the first layer that had given me so much trouble.

upperadjectiveUS /ˈʌpər/

the topmost one of two

From this reading The upper bed of the rock in front of the cavern, through which my little Jack had dug so easily, was of a soft nature, and to be worked with moderate effort.

wantedadjectiveUS /ˈwɔːntɪd/

desired or wished for or sought

From this reading _House in the salt-rock;—herring fishery._ The lucky discovery of a previously-existing cavern in the rock, had, as must be supposed, considerably lessened our labour: excavation was no longer requisite: I had more room than was wanted for the construction of our dwelling; to render it habitable was the present object, and to do this did not seem a difficult task.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading _House in the salt-rock;—herring fishery._ The lucky discovery of a previously-existing cavern in the rock, had, as must be supposed, considerably lessened our labour: excavation was no longer requisite: I had more room than was wanted for the construction of our dwelling; to render it habitable was the present object, and to do this did not seem a difficult task.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The upper bed of the rock in front of the cavern, through which my little Jack had dug so easily, was of a soft nature, and to be worked with moderate effort.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading From this consideration I began, while it retained its soft state, to make openings for the door and windows of the front.

windingadjectiveUS /ˈwaɪndɪŋ/

marked by repeated turns and bends

From this reading This I regulated by the measurement of those I had fixed in my winding stair-case, which I had removed for the purpose of placing them in our winter tenement.

windowsnounUS /ˈwɪndoʊz/

(trademark) an operating system with a graphical user interface

From this reading From this consideration I began, while it retained its soft state, to make openings for the door and windows of the front.

winternounUS /ˈwɪntər/

the coldest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the winter solstice to the vernal equinox

From this reading This I regulated by the measurement of those I had fixed in my winding stair-case, which I had removed for the purpose of placing them in our winter tenement.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The upper bed of the rock in front of the cavern, through which my little Jack had dug so easily, was of a soft nature, and to be worked with moderate effort.

workedverbUS /wɜːrkt/

past form of “work” — exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading The upper bed of the rock in front of the cavern, through which my little Jack had dug so easily, was of a soft nature, and to be worked with moderate effort.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading I hoped also that, being now exposed to the air and heat of the sun, it would become by degrees as hard and compact as the first layer that had given me so much trouble.

Chapter 34 of The family Robinson Crusoe by Johann David Wyss holds 92 sentences, grouped into 19 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 34 of The family Robinson Crusoe contain?

Chapter 34 holds 92 sentences of The family Robinson Crusoe, unabridged, divided into 19 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 34 of The family Robinson Crusoe by Johann David Wyss exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 92 sentences, grouped into 19 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 34 of The family Robinson Crusoe?

Work through the 19 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 19 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 34 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 34 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The family Robinson Crusoe

Common questions about reading The family Robinson Crusoe by Johann David Wyss on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The family Robinson Crusoe?

Yes. All 5242 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #72813 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The family Robinson Crusoe is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #72813, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The family Robinson Crusoe take to read?

About 436 minutes of reading across 1049 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The family Robinson Crusoe section by section

How to work through The family Robinson Crusoe section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The family Robinson Crusoe

Words and structures a reader meets early in The family Robinson Crusoe, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Ebook
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The family Robinson Crusoe; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Compilation
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Originally
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The family Robinson Crusoe; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Published
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The family Robinson Crusoe; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.