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The Fight for Constantinople
The Fight for Constantinople

Chapter III

Chapter 3 of The Fight for Constantinople is here in full — 200 sentences across 40 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/40 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The Demolition Party A double crash announced that the leading battleship of the British squadron had opened fire with her foremost 12-inch guns.
In two minutes the action had become general, the whole of the British and French pre-Dreadnoughts engaging with their principal armament, for as yet the range was too great for the 6-inch guns and smaller weapons to be trained upon the distant defences.
Ahead, the mine-sweepers, "straddled" by the hail of projectiles from Sedd-ul-Bahr and Kum Kale, as well as from mobile batteries cunningly concealed in difficult ground, proceeded with slow and grim determination.
All across them the sea was churned by the ricochetting shells, while ever and anon a terrific waterspout accompanied by a dull roar showed that they were making good work in clearing away the hostile mines.
The Turks, in spite of the huge 12-inch projectiles that hailed incessantly upon the forts, stood to their guns with fanatical bravery.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Fight for Constantinople

Chapter III

Chapter 3 of The Fight for Constantinople is here in full — 200 sentences across 40 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/40 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The Demolition Party A double crash announced that the leading battleship of the British squadron had opened fire with her foremost 12-inch guns.
Line 2
In two minutes the action had become general, the whole of the British and French pre-Dreadnoughts engaging with their principal armament, for as yet the range was too great for the 6-inch guns and smaller weapons to be trained upon the distant defences.
Line 3
Ahead, the mine-sweepers, "straddled" by the hail of projectiles from Sedd-ul-Bahr and Kum Kale, as well as from mobile batteries cunningly concealed in difficult ground, proceeded with slow and grim determination.
Line 4
All across them the sea was churned by the ricochetting shells, while ever and anon a terrific waterspout accompanied by a dull roar showed that they were making good work in clearing away the hostile mines.
Line 5
The Turks, in spite of the huge 12-inch projectiles that hailed incessantly upon the forts, stood to their guns with fanatical bravery.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

armament noun US /ˈɑːrməmənt/

weaponry used by military or naval force

From this reading “In two minutes the action had become general, the whole of the British and French pre-Dreadnoughts engaging with their principal armament, for as yet the range was too great for the 6-inch guns and smaller weapons to be trained upon the distant defences.”

battleship noun US /ˈbætəlʃɪp/

large and heavily armoured warship

From this reading “The Demolition Party A double crash announced that the leading battleship of the British squadron had opened fire with her foremost 12-inch guns.”

churned verb US /tʃɜːrnd/

past form of “churn” — stir (cream) vigorously in order to make butter

From this reading “All across them the sea was churned by the ricochetting shells, while ever and anon a terrific waterspout accompanied by a dull roar showed that they were making good work in clearing away the hostile mines.”

Demolition noun US /ˌdeməˈlɪʃən/

an event (or the result of an event) that completely destroys something

From this reading “The Demolition Party A double crash announced that the leading battleship of the British squadron had opened fire with her foremost 12-inch guns.”

fanatical adjective US /fəˈnætɪkəl/

marked by excessive enthusiasm for and intense devotion to a cause or idea

From this reading “The Turks, in spite of the huge 12-inch projectiles that hailed incessantly upon the forts, stood to their guns with fanatical bravery.”

Kale noun US /keɪl/

informal terms for money

From this reading “Ahead, the mine-sweepers, "straddled" by the hail of projectiles from Sedd-ul-Bahr and Kum Kale, as well as from mobile batteries cunningly concealed in difficult ground, proceeded with slow and grim determination.”

projectiles noun US /prəˈdʒektəlz/

plural of “projectile” — a weapon that is forcibly thrown or projected at a targets but is not self-propelled

From this reading “Ahead, the mine-sweepers, "straddled" by the hail of projectiles from Sedd-ul-Bahr and Kum Kale, as well as from mobile batteries cunningly concealed in difficult ground, proceeded with slow and grim determination.”

straddled verb US /ˈstrædəld/

past form of “straddle” — sit or stand astride of

From this reading “Ahead, the mine-sweepers, "straddled" by the hail of projectiles from Sedd-ul-Bahr and Kum Kale, as well as from mobile batteries cunningly concealed in difficult ground, proceeded with slow and grim determination.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

grim determination adjective + noun

In this reading “Ahead, the mine-sweepers, "straddled" by the hail of projectiles from Sedd-ul-Bahr and Kum Kale, as well as from mobile batteries cunningly concealed in difficult ground, proceeded with slow and grim determination.”

in spite preposition + noun

In this reading “The Turks, in spite of the huge 12-inch projectiles that hailed incessantly upon the forts, stood to their guns with fanatical bravery.”

two minutes noun + noun

In this reading “In two minutes the action had become general, the whole of the British and French pre-Dreadnoughts engaging with their principal armament, for as yet the range was too great for the 6-inch guns and smaller weapons to be trained upon the distant defences.”

too great adverb + adjective

In this reading “In two minutes the action had become general, the whole of the British and French pre-Dreadnoughts engaging with their principal armament, for as yet the range was too great for the 6-inch guns and smaller weapons to be trained upon the distant defences.”

proceeded with verb + particle counted as “proceed with”

In this reading “Ahead, the mine-sweepers, "straddled" by the hail of projectiles from Sedd-ul-Bahr and Kum Kale, as well as from mobile batteries cunningly concealed in difficult ground, proceeded with slow and grim determination.”

All words in this reading · 107

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

12

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Demolition Party A double crash announced that the leading battleship of the British squadron had opened fire with her foremost 12-inch guns.

6

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In two minutes the action had become general, the whole of the British and French pre-Dreadnoughts engaging with their principal armament, for as yet the range was too great for the 6-inch guns and smaller weapons to be trained upon the distant defences.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The Demolition Party A double crash announced that the leading battleship of the British squadron had opened fire with her foremost 12-inch guns.

accompaniedadjectiveUS /əˈkʌmpənid/

having companions or an escort

From this reading All across them the sea was churned by the ricochetting shells, while ever and anon a terrific waterspout accompanied by a dull roar showed that they were making good work in clearing away the hostile mines.

acrossprepositionUS /əˈkrɔːs/

from one side of something to the other

From this reading All across them the sea was churned by the ricochetting shells, while ever and anon a terrific waterspout accompanied by a dull roar showed that they were making good work in clearing away the hostile mines.

actionnounUS /ˈækʃən/

something done (usually as opposed to something said)

From this reading In two minutes the action had become general, the whole of the British and French pre-Dreadnoughts engaging with their principal armament, for as yet the range was too great for the 6-inch guns and smaller weapons to be trained upon the distant defences.

AheadadverbUS /əˈhed/

at or in the front

From this reading Ahead, the mine-sweepers, "straddled" by the hail of projectiles from Sedd-ul-Bahr and Kum Kale, as well as from mobile batteries cunningly concealed in difficult ground, proceeded with slow and grim determination.

AlladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading All across them the sea was churned by the ricochetting shells, while ever and anon a terrific waterspout accompanied by a dull roar showed that they were making good work in clearing away the hostile mines.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading In two minutes the action had become general, the whole of the British and French pre-Dreadnoughts engaging with their principal armament, for as yet the range was too great for the 6-inch guns and smaller weapons to be trained upon the distant defences.

announcedadjectiveUS /əˈnaʊnst/

declared publicly; made widely known

From this reading The Demolition Party A double crash announced that the leading battleship of the British squadron had opened fire with her foremost 12-inch guns.

anonadverbUS /ˌæˈnɔːn/

at another time

From this reading All across them the sea was churned by the ricochetting shells, while ever and anon a terrific waterspout accompanied by a dull roar showed that they were making good work in clearing away the hostile mines.

armamentnounUS /ˈɑːrməmənt/

weaponry used by military or naval force

From this reading In two minutes the action had become general, the whole of the British and French pre-Dreadnoughts engaging with their principal armament, for as yet the range was too great for the 6-inch guns and smaller weapons to be trained upon the distant defences.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading In two minutes the action had become general, the whole of the British and French pre-Dreadnoughts engaging with their principal armament, for as yet the range was too great for the 6-inch guns and smaller weapons to be trained upon the distant defences.

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading All across them the sea was churned by the ricochetting shells, while ever and anon a terrific waterspout accompanied by a dull roar showed that they were making good work in clearing away the hostile mines.

batteriesnounUS /ˈbætəriz/

plural of “battery” — group of guns or missile launchers operated together at one place

From this reading Ahead, the mine-sweepers, "straddled" by the hail of projectiles from Sedd-ul-Bahr and Kum Kale, as well as from mobile batteries cunningly concealed in difficult ground, proceeded with slow and grim determination.

battleshipnounUS /ˈbætəlʃɪp/

large and heavily armoured warship

From this reading The Demolition Party A double crash announced that the leading battleship of the British squadron had opened fire with her foremost 12-inch guns.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading In two minutes the action had become general, the whole of the British and French pre-Dreadnoughts engaging with their principal armament, for as yet the range was too great for the 6-inch guns and smaller weapons to be trained upon the distant defences.

becomeverbUS /bɪˈkʌm/

enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading In two minutes the action had become general, the whole of the British and French pre-Dreadnoughts engaging with their principal armament, for as yet the range was too great for the 6-inch guns and smaller weapons to be trained upon the distant defences.

braverynounUS /ˈbreɪvəri/

a quality of spirit that enables you to face danger or pain without showing fear

From this reading The Turks, in spite of the huge 12-inch projectiles that hailed incessantly upon the forts, stood to their guns with fanatical bravery.

BritishnounUS /ˈbrɪtɪʃ/

the people of Great Britain

From this reading The Demolition Party A double crash announced that the leading battleship of the British squadron had opened fire with her foremost 12-inch guns.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Ahead, the mine-sweepers, "straddled" by the hail of projectiles from Sedd-ul-Bahr and Kum Kale, as well as from mobile batteries cunningly concealed in difficult ground, proceeded with slow and grim determination.

churnedverbUS /tʃɜːrnd/

past form of “churn” — stir (cream) vigorously in order to make butter

From this reading All across them the sea was churned by the ricochetting shells, while ever and anon a terrific waterspout accompanied by a dull roar showed that they were making good work in clearing away the hostile mines.

clearingnounUS /ˈklɪrɪŋ/

a tract of land with few or no trees in the middle of a wooded area

From this reading All across them the sea was churned by the ricochetting shells, while ever and anon a terrific waterspout accompanied by a dull roar showed that they were making good work in clearing away the hostile mines.

concealedadjectiveUS /kənˈsiːld/

not accessible to view

From this reading Ahead, the mine-sweepers, "straddled" by the hail of projectiles from Sedd-ul-Bahr and Kum Kale, as well as from mobile batteries cunningly concealed in difficult ground, proceeded with slow and grim determination.

crashverbUS /kræʃ/

fall or come down violently

From this reading The Demolition Party A double crash announced that the leading battleship of the British squadron had opened fire with her foremost 12-inch guns.

cunninglyadverb

in an attractive manner

From this reading Ahead, the mine-sweepers, "straddled" by the hail of projectiles from Sedd-ul-Bahr and Kum Kale, as well as from mobile batteries cunningly concealed in difficult ground, proceeded with slow and grim determination.

defences

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In two minutes the action had become general, the whole of the British and French pre-Dreadnoughts engaging with their principal armament, for as yet the range was too great for the 6-inch guns and smaller weapons to be trained upon the distant defences.

DemolitionnounUS /ˌdeməˈlɪʃən/

an event (or the result of an event) that completely destroys something

From this reading The Demolition Party A double crash announced that the leading battleship of the British squadron had opened fire with her foremost 12-inch guns.

determinationnounUS /dɪˌtɜːrməˈneɪʃən/

the act of determining the properties of something, usually by research or calculation

From this reading Ahead, the mine-sweepers, "straddled" by the hail of projectiles from Sedd-ul-Bahr and Kum Kale, as well as from mobile batteries cunningly concealed in difficult ground, proceeded with slow and grim determination.

difficultadjectiveUS /ˈdɪfəkəlt/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading Ahead, the mine-sweepers, "straddled" by the hail of projectiles from Sedd-ul-Bahr and Kum Kale, as well as from mobile batteries cunningly concealed in difficult ground, proceeded with slow and grim determination.

distantadjectiveUS /ˈdɪstənt/

separated in space or coming from or going to a distance

From this reading In two minutes the action had become general, the whole of the British and French pre-Dreadnoughts engaging with their principal armament, for as yet the range was too great for the 6-inch guns and smaller weapons to be trained upon the distant defences.

doubleverbUS /ˈdʌbəl/

increase twofold

From this reading The Demolition Party A double crash announced that the leading battleship of the British squadron had opened fire with her foremost 12-inch guns.

dulladjectiveUS /dʌl/

lacking in liveliness or animation

From this reading All across them the sea was churned by the ricochetting shells, while ever and anon a terrific waterspout accompanied by a dull roar showed that they were making good work in clearing away the hostile mines.

engagingadjectiveUS /enˈɡeɪdʒɪŋ/

attracting or delighting

From this reading In two minutes the action had become general, the whole of the British and French pre-Dreadnoughts engaging with their principal armament, for as yet the range was too great for the 6-inch guns and smaller weapons to be trained upon the distant defences.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading All across them the sea was churned by the ricochetting shells, while ever and anon a terrific waterspout accompanied by a dull roar showed that they were making good work in clearing away the hostile mines.

fanaticaladjectiveUS /fəˈnætɪkəl/

marked by excessive enthusiasm for and intense devotion to a cause or idea

From this reading The Turks, in spite of the huge 12-inch projectiles that hailed incessantly upon the forts, stood to their guns with fanatical bravery.

fireverbUS /ˈfaɪər/

start firing a weapon

From this reading The Demolition Party A double crash announced that the leading battleship of the British squadron had opened fire with her foremost 12-inch guns.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading In two minutes the action had become general, the whole of the British and French pre-Dreadnoughts engaging with their principal armament, for as yet the range was too great for the 6-inch guns and smaller weapons to be trained upon the distant defences.

foremostadjectiveUS /ˈfɔːrmoʊst/

ranking above all others

From this reading The Demolition Party A double crash announced that the leading battleship of the British squadron had opened fire with her foremost 12-inch guns.

fortsnounUS /fɔːrts/

plural of “fort” — a fortified military post where troops are stationed

From this reading The Turks, in spite of the huge 12-inch projectiles that hailed incessantly upon the forts, stood to their guns with fanatical bravery.

FrenchnounUS /frentʃ/

the Romance language spoken in France and in countries colonized by France

From this reading In two minutes the action had become general, the whole of the British and French pre-Dreadnoughts engaging with their principal armament, for as yet the range was too great for the 6-inch guns and smaller weapons to be trained upon the distant defences.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Ahead, the mine-sweepers, "straddled" by the hail of projectiles from Sedd-ul-Bahr and Kum Kale, as well as from mobile batteries cunningly concealed in difficult ground, proceeded with slow and grim determination.

generaladjectiveUS /ˈdʒenərəl/

applying to all or most members of a category or group

From this reading In two minutes the action had become general, the whole of the British and French pre-Dreadnoughts engaging with their principal armament, for as yet the range was too great for the 6-inch guns and smaller weapons to be trained upon the distant defences.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading All across them the sea was churned by the ricochetting shells, while ever and anon a terrific waterspout accompanied by a dull roar showed that they were making good work in clearing away the hostile mines.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading In two minutes the action had become general, the whole of the British and French pre-Dreadnoughts engaging with their principal armament, for as yet the range was too great for the 6-inch guns and smaller weapons to be trained upon the distant defences.

grimadjectiveUS /ɡrɪm/

not to be placated or appeased or moved by entreaty

From this reading Ahead, the mine-sweepers, "straddled" by the hail of projectiles from Sedd-ul-Bahr and Kum Kale, as well as from mobile batteries cunningly concealed in difficult ground, proceeded with slow and grim determination.

groundnounUS /ɡraʊnd/

the solid part of the earth's surface

From this reading Ahead, the mine-sweepers, "straddled" by the hail of projectiles from Sedd-ul-Bahr and Kum Kale, as well as from mobile batteries cunningly concealed in difficult ground, proceeded with slow and grim determination.

gunsnounUS /ɡʌnz/

plural of “gun” — a weapon that discharges a missile at high velocity (especially from a metal tube or barrel)

From this reading The Demolition Party A double crash announced that the leading battleship of the British squadron had opened fire with her foremost 12-inch guns.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The Demolition Party A double crash announced that the leading battleship of the British squadron had opened fire with her foremost 12-inch guns.

hailverbUS /heɪl/

praise vociferously

From this reading Ahead, the mine-sweepers, "straddled" by the hail of projectiles from Sedd-ul-Bahr and Kum Kale, as well as from mobile batteries cunningly concealed in difficult ground, proceeded with slow and grim determination.

hailedverbUS /heɪld/

past form of “hail” — praise vociferously

From this reading The Turks, in spite of the huge 12-inch projectiles that hailed incessantly upon the forts, stood to their guns with fanatical bravery.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading The Demolition Party A double crash announced that the leading battleship of the British squadron had opened fire with her foremost 12-inch guns.

hostileadjectiveUS /ˈhɑːstəl/

characterized by enmity or ill will

From this reading All across them the sea was churned by the ricochetting shells, while ever and anon a terrific waterspout accompanied by a dull roar showed that they were making good work in clearing away the hostile mines.

hugeadjectiveUS /hjuːdʒ/

unusually great in size or amount or degree or especially extent or scope

From this reading The Turks, in spite of the huge 12-inch projectiles that hailed incessantly upon the forts, stood to their guns with fanatical bravery.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In two minutes the action had become general, the whole of the British and French pre-Dreadnoughts engaging with their principal armament, for as yet the range was too great for the 6-inch guns and smaller weapons to be trained upon the distant defences.

incessantlyadverbUS /ˌɪnˈsesəntli/

with unflagging resolve

From this reading The Turks, in spite of the huge 12-inch projectiles that hailed incessantly upon the forts, stood to their guns with fanatical bravery.

inchnounUS /ɪntʃ/

a unit of length equal to one twelfth of a foot

From this reading The Demolition Party A double crash announced that the leading battleship of the British squadron had opened fire with her foremost 12-inch guns.

KalenounUS /keɪl/

informal terms for money

From this reading Ahead, the mine-sweepers, "straddled" by the hail of projectiles from Sedd-ul-Bahr and Kum Kale, as well as from mobile batteries cunningly concealed in difficult ground, proceeded with slow and grim determination.

Kum

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ahead, the mine-sweepers, "straddled" by the hail of projectiles from Sedd-ul-Bahr and Kum Kale, as well as from mobile batteries cunningly concealed in difficult ground, proceeded with slow and grim determination.

leadingadjectiveUS /ˈliːdɪŋ/

indicating the most important performer or role

From this reading The Demolition Party A double crash announced that the leading battleship of the British squadron had opened fire with her foremost 12-inch guns.

makingnounUS /ˈmeɪkɪŋ/

the act that results in something coming to be

From this reading All across them the sea was churned by the ricochetting shells, while ever and anon a terrific waterspout accompanied by a dull roar showed that they were making good work in clearing away the hostile mines.

mine-sweepers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ahead, the mine-sweepers, "straddled" by the hail of projectiles from Sedd-ul-Bahr and Kum Kale, as well as from mobile batteries cunningly concealed in difficult ground, proceeded with slow and grim determination.

minesnounUS /maɪnz/

plural of “mine” — excavation in the earth from which ores and minerals are extracted

From this reading All across them the sea was churned by the ricochetting shells, while ever and anon a terrific waterspout accompanied by a dull roar showed that they were making good work in clearing away the hostile mines.

minutesnounUS /ˈmɪnəts/

a written account of what transpired at a meeting

From this reading In two minutes the action had become general, the whole of the British and French pre-Dreadnoughts engaging with their principal armament, for as yet the range was too great for the 6-inch guns and smaller weapons to be trained upon the distant defences.

mobileadjectiveUS /ˈmoʊbəl/

migratory

From this reading Ahead, the mine-sweepers, "straddled" by the hail of projectiles from Sedd-ul-Bahr and Kum Kale, as well as from mobile batteries cunningly concealed in difficult ground, proceeded with slow and grim determination.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The Demolition Party A double crash announced that the leading battleship of the British squadron had opened fire with her foremost 12-inch guns.

openedadjectiveUS /ˈoʊpənd/

used of mouth or eyes

From this reading The Demolition Party A double crash announced that the leading battleship of the British squadron had opened fire with her foremost 12-inch guns.

PartynounUS /ˈpɑːrti/

an organization to gain political power

From this reading The Demolition Party A double crash announced that the leading battleship of the British squadron had opened fire with her foremost 12-inch guns.

pre-Dreadnoughts

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In two minutes the action had become general, the whole of the British and French pre-Dreadnoughts engaging with their principal armament, for as yet the range was too great for the 6-inch guns and smaller weapons to be trained upon the distant defences.

principalnounUS /ˈprɪnsəpəl/

the original amount of a debt on which interest is calculated

From this reading In two minutes the action had become general, the whole of the British and French pre-Dreadnoughts engaging with their principal armament, for as yet the range was too great for the 6-inch guns and smaller weapons to be trained upon the distant defences.

proceededverbUS /prəˈsiːdɪd/

past form of “proceed” — continue talking

From this reading Ahead, the mine-sweepers, "straddled" by the hail of projectiles from Sedd-ul-Bahr and Kum Kale, as well as from mobile batteries cunningly concealed in difficult ground, proceeded with slow and grim determination.

projectilesnounUS /prəˈdʒektəlz/

plural of “projectile” — a weapon that is forcibly thrown or projected at a targets but is not self-propelled

From this reading Ahead, the mine-sweepers, "straddled" by the hail of projectiles from Sedd-ul-Bahr and Kum Kale, as well as from mobile batteries cunningly concealed in difficult ground, proceeded with slow and grim determination.

rangenounUS /reɪndʒ/

an area in which something acts or operates or has power or control: "the range of a supersonic jet"

From this reading In two minutes the action had become general, the whole of the British and French pre-Dreadnoughts engaging with their principal armament, for as yet the range was too great for the 6-inch guns and smaller weapons to be trained upon the distant defences.

ricochetting

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading All across them the sea was churned by the ricochetting shells, while ever and anon a terrific waterspout accompanied by a dull roar showed that they were making good work in clearing away the hostile mines.

roarverbUS /rɔːr/

make a loud noise, as of wind, water, or vehicles

From this reading All across them the sea was churned by the ricochetting shells, while ever and anon a terrific waterspout accompanied by a dull roar showed that they were making good work in clearing away the hostile mines.

seanounUS /siː/

a division of an ocean or a large body of salt water partially enclosed by land

From this reading All across them the sea was churned by the ricochetting shells, while ever and anon a terrific waterspout accompanied by a dull roar showed that they were making good work in clearing away the hostile mines.

Sedd-ul-Bahr

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ahead, the mine-sweepers, "straddled" by the hail of projectiles from Sedd-ul-Bahr and Kum Kale, as well as from mobile batteries cunningly concealed in difficult ground, proceeded with slow and grim determination.

shellsnounUS /ʃelz/

plural of “shell” — ammunition consisting of a cylindrical metal casing containing an explosive charge and a projectile; fired from a large gun

From this reading All across them the sea was churned by the ricochetting shells, while ever and anon a terrific waterspout accompanied by a dull roar showed that they were making good work in clearing away the hostile mines.

showedverbUS /ʃoʊd/

past form of “show” — give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading All across them the sea was churned by the ricochetting shells, while ever and anon a terrific waterspout accompanied by a dull roar showed that they were making good work in clearing away the hostile mines.

slowadjectiveUS /sloʊ/

not moving quickly; taking a comparatively long time

From this reading Ahead, the mine-sweepers, "straddled" by the hail of projectiles from Sedd-ul-Bahr and Kum Kale, as well as from mobile batteries cunningly concealed in difficult ground, proceeded with slow and grim determination.

smalleradjectiveUS /ˈsmɔːlər/

small or little relative to something else

From this reading In two minutes the action had become general, the whole of the British and French pre-Dreadnoughts engaging with their principal armament, for as yet the range was too great for the 6-inch guns and smaller weapons to be trained upon the distant defences.

spitenounUS /spaɪt/

feeling a need to see others suffer

From this reading The Turks, in spite of the huge 12-inch projectiles that hailed incessantly upon the forts, stood to their guns with fanatical bravery.

squadronnounUS /ˈskwɑːdrən/

a cavalry unit consisting of two or more troops and headquarters and supporting arms

From this reading The Demolition Party A double crash announced that the leading battleship of the British squadron had opened fire with her foremost 12-inch guns.

stoodverbUS /stʊd/

Maintained an upright posture.

From this reading The Turks, in spite of the huge 12-inch projectiles that hailed incessantly upon the forts, stood to their guns with fanatical bravery.

straddledverbUS /ˈstrædəld/

past form of “straddle” — sit or stand astride of

From this reading Ahead, the mine-sweepers, "straddled" by the hail of projectiles from Sedd-ul-Bahr and Kum Kale, as well as from mobile batteries cunningly concealed in difficult ground, proceeded with slow and grim determination.

terrificadjectiveUS /tərˈɪfɪk/

very great or intense

From this reading All across them the sea was churned by the ricochetting shells, while ever and anon a terrific waterspout accompanied by a dull roar showed that they were making good work in clearing away the hostile mines.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The Demolition Party A double crash announced that the leading battleship of the British squadron had opened fire with her foremost 12-inch guns.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The Demolition Party A double crash announced that the leading battleship of the British squadron had opened fire with her foremost 12-inch guns.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading In two minutes the action had become general, the whole of the British and French pre-Dreadnoughts engaging with their principal armament, for as yet the range was too great for the 6-inch guns and smaller weapons to be trained upon the distant defences.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading All across them the sea was churned by the ricochetting shells, while ever and anon a terrific waterspout accompanied by a dull roar showed that they were making good work in clearing away the hostile mines.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading All across them the sea was churned by the ricochetting shells, while ever and anon a terrific waterspout accompanied by a dull roar showed that they were making good work in clearing away the hostile mines.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading In two minutes the action had become general, the whole of the British and French pre-Dreadnoughts engaging with their principal armament, for as yet the range was too great for the 6-inch guns and smaller weapons to be trained upon the distant defences.

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading In two minutes the action had become general, the whole of the British and French pre-Dreadnoughts engaging with their principal armament, for as yet the range was too great for the 6-inch guns and smaller weapons to be trained upon the distant defences.

trainedadjectiveUS /treɪnd/

shaped or conditioned or disciplined by training; often used as a combining form

From this reading In two minutes the action had become general, the whole of the British and French pre-Dreadnoughts engaging with their principal armament, for as yet the range was too great for the 6-inch guns and smaller weapons to be trained upon the distant defences.

TurksnounUS /tɜːrks/

plural of “turk” — a native or inhabitant of Turkey

From this reading The Turks, in spite of the huge 12-inch projectiles that hailed incessantly upon the forts, stood to their guns with fanatical bravery.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading In two minutes the action had become general, the whole of the British and French pre-Dreadnoughts engaging with their principal armament, for as yet the range was too great for the 6-inch guns and smaller weapons to be trained upon the distant defences.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading In two minutes the action had become general, the whole of the British and French pre-Dreadnoughts engaging with their principal armament, for as yet the range was too great for the 6-inch guns and smaller weapons to be trained upon the distant defences.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading In two minutes the action had become general, the whole of the British and French pre-Dreadnoughts engaging with their principal armament, for as yet the range was too great for the 6-inch guns and smaller weapons to be trained upon the distant defences.

waterspoutnoun

a tornado passing over water and picking up a column of water and mist

From this reading All across them the sea was churned by the ricochetting shells, while ever and anon a terrific waterspout accompanied by a dull roar showed that they were making good work in clearing away the hostile mines.

weaponsnounUS /ˈwepənz/

plural of “weapon” — any instrument or instrumentality used in fighting or hunting

From this reading In two minutes the action had become general, the whole of the British and French pre-Dreadnoughts engaging with their principal armament, for as yet the range was too great for the 6-inch guns and smaller weapons to be trained upon the distant defences.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading Ahead, the mine-sweepers, "straddled" by the hail of projectiles from Sedd-ul-Bahr and Kum Kale, as well as from mobile batteries cunningly concealed in difficult ground, proceeded with slow and grim determination.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading All across them the sea was churned by the ricochetting shells, while ever and anon a terrific waterspout accompanied by a dull roar showed that they were making good work in clearing away the hostile mines.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading All across them the sea was churned by the ricochetting shells, while ever and anon a terrific waterspout accompanied by a dull roar showed that they were making good work in clearing away the hostile mines.

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading In two minutes the action had become general, the whole of the British and French pre-Dreadnoughts engaging with their principal armament, for as yet the range was too great for the 6-inch guns and smaller weapons to be trained upon the distant defences.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The Demolition Party A double crash announced that the leading battleship of the British squadron had opened fire with her foremost 12-inch guns.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading All across them the sea was churned by the ricochetting shells, while ever and anon a terrific waterspout accompanied by a dull roar showed that they were making good work in clearing away the hostile mines.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading In two minutes the action had become general, the whole of the British and French pre-Dreadnoughts engaging with their principal armament, for as yet the range was too great for the 6-inch guns and smaller weapons to be trained upon the distant defences.

Chapter 3 of The Fight for Constantinople by Percy F. (Percy Francis) Westerman holds 200 sentences, grouped into 40 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 3 of The Fight for Constantinople contain?

Chapter 3 holds 200 sentences of The Fight for Constantinople, unabridged, divided into 40 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 3 of The Fight for Constantinople by Percy F. (Percy Francis) Westerman exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 200 sentences, grouped into 40 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 3 of The Fight for Constantinople?

Work through the 40 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 40 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 3 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 3 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Fight for Constantinople

Common questions about reading The Fight for Constantinople by Percy F. (Percy Francis) Westerman on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Fight for Constantinople?

Yes. All 3406 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #37600 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Fight for Constantinople is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #37600, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Fight for Constantinople take to read?

About 283 minutes of reading across 682 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Fight for Constantinople section by section

How to work through The Fight for Constantinople section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 20 chapters of The Fight for Constantinople to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Fight for Constantinople

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Fight for Constantinople, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Under
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Fight for Constantinople; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Sealed
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Fight for Constantinople; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Orders
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Fight for Constantinople; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Marching
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Fight for Constantinople; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.