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The Financier: A Novel
The Financier: A Novel

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of The Financier: A Novel is here in full — 265 sentences across 53 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/53 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The appearance of Frank Cowperwood at this time was, to say the least, prepossessing and satisfactory.
Nature had destined him to be about five feet ten inches tall.
His head was large, shapely, notably commercial in aspect, thickly covered with crisp, dark-brown hair and fixed on a pair of square shoulders and a stocky body.
Already his eyes had the look that subtle years of thought bring.
They were inscrutable.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Financier: A Novel

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of The Financier: A Novel is here in full — 265 sentences across 53 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/53 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The appearance of Frank Cowperwood at this time was, to say the least, prepossessing and satisfactory.
Line 2
Nature had destined him to be about five feet ten inches tall.
/ˈneɪtʃər hæd ˈdestɪnd hɪm tuː biː əˈbaʊt faɪv fiːt ten ˈɪntʃəz tɔːl/
Line 3
His head was large, shapely, notably commercial in aspect, thickly covered with crisp, dark-brown hair and fixed on a pair of square shoulders and a stocky body.
Line 4
Already his eyes had the look that subtle years of thought bring.
/ɔːlˈredi hɪz aɪz hæd ðə lʊk ðæt ˈsʌtəl jɪrz ʌv θɔːt brɪŋ/
Line 5
They were inscrutable.
/ðeɪ wɜːr ˌɪnˈskruːtəbəl/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

commercial adjective US /kəˈmɜːrʃəl/

connected with or engaged in or sponsored by or used in commerce or commercial enterprises

From this reading “His head was large, shapely, notably commercial in aspect, thickly covered with crisp, dark-brown hair and fixed on a pair of square shoulders and a stocky body.”

crisp adjective US /krɪsp/

(of something seen or heard) clearly defined

From this reading “His head was large, shapely, notably commercial in aspect, thickly covered with crisp, dark-brown hair and fixed on a pair of square shoulders and a stocky body.”

inscrutable adjective US /ˌɪnˈskruːtəbəl/

of an obscure nature

From this reading “They were inscrutable.”

notably adverb US /ˈnoʊtəbli/

especially; in particular

From this reading “His head was large, shapely, notably commercial in aspect, thickly covered with crisp, dark-brown hair and fixed on a pair of square shoulders and a stocky body.”

satisfactory adjective US /ˌsætəˈsfæktri/

giving satisfaction

From this reading “The appearance of Frank Cowperwood at this time was, to say the least, prepossessing and satisfactory.”

shapely adjective US /ˈʃeɪpli/

having a well-proportioned and pleasing shape

From this reading “His head was large, shapely, notably commercial in aspect, thickly covered with crisp, dark-brown hair and fixed on a pair of square shoulders and a stocky body.”

stocky adjective US /ˈstɑːki/

having a short and solid form or stature

From this reading “His head was large, shapely, notably commercial in aspect, thickly covered with crisp, dark-brown hair and fixed on a pair of square shoulders and a stocky body.”

thickly adverb US /ˈθɪkli/

spoken with poor articulation as if with a thick tongue

From this reading “His head was large, shapely, notably commercial in aspect, thickly covered with crisp, dark-brown hair and fixed on a pair of square shoulders and a stocky body.”

All words in this reading · 59

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading His head was large, shapely, notably commercial in aspect, thickly covered with crisp, dark-brown hair and fixed on a pair of square shoulders and a stocky body.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading Nature had destined him to be about five feet ten inches tall.

AlreadyadverbUS /ɔːlˈredi/

prior to a specified or implied time

From this reading Already his eyes had the look that subtle years of thought bring.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The appearance of Frank Cowperwood at this time was, to say the least, prepossessing and satisfactory.

appearancenounUS /əˈpɪrəns/

outward or visible aspect of a person or thing

From this reading The appearance of Frank Cowperwood at this time was, to say the least, prepossessing and satisfactory.

aspectnounUS /ˈæspekt/

a distinct feature or element in a problem

From this reading His head was large, shapely, notably commercial in aspect, thickly covered with crisp, dark-brown hair and fixed on a pair of square shoulders and a stocky body.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The appearance of Frank Cowperwood at this time was, to say the least, prepossessing and satisfactory.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Nature had destined him to be about five feet ten inches tall.

bodynounUS /ˈbɑːdi/

the entire physical structure of an organism (an animal, plant, or human being)

From this reading His head was large, shapely, notably commercial in aspect, thickly covered with crisp, dark-brown hair and fixed on a pair of square shoulders and a stocky body.

bringverbUS /brɪŋ/

take something or somebody with oneself somewhere

From this reading Already his eyes had the look that subtle years of thought bring.

commercialadjectiveUS /kəˈmɜːrʃəl/

connected with or engaged in or sponsored by or used in commerce or commercial enterprises

From this reading His head was large, shapely, notably commercial in aspect, thickly covered with crisp, dark-brown hair and fixed on a pair of square shoulders and a stocky body.

coveredadjectiveUS /ˈkʌvərd/

overlaid or spread or topped with or enclosed within something; sometimes used as a combining form

From this reading His head was large, shapely, notably commercial in aspect, thickly covered with crisp, dark-brown hair and fixed on a pair of square shoulders and a stocky body.

Cowperwood

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The appearance of Frank Cowperwood at this time was, to say the least, prepossessing and satisfactory.

crispadjectiveUS /krɪsp/

(of something seen or heard) clearly defined

From this reading His head was large, shapely, notably commercial in aspect, thickly covered with crisp, dark-brown hair and fixed on a pair of square shoulders and a stocky body.

dark-brownadjective

of a color similar to that of wood or earth

From this reading His head was large, shapely, notably commercial in aspect, thickly covered with crisp, dark-brown hair and fixed on a pair of square shoulders and a stocky body.

destinedadjectiveUS /ˈdestɪnd/

headed or intending to head in a certain direction; often used as a combining form as in “college-bound students”

From this reading Nature had destined him to be about five feet ten inches tall.

eyesnounUS /aɪz/

opinion or judgment

From this reading Already his eyes had the look that subtle years of thought bring.

feetnounUS /fiːt/

plural of “foot” — the part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint

From this reading Nature had destined him to be about five feet ten inches tall.

fivenounUS /faɪv/

the cardinal number that is the sum of four and one

From this reading Nature had destined him to be about five feet ten inches tall.

fixedadjectiveUS /fɪkst/

(of a number) having a fixed and unchanging value

From this reading His head was large, shapely, notably commercial in aspect, thickly covered with crisp, dark-brown hair and fixed on a pair of square shoulders and a stocky body.

FrankadjectiveUS /fræŋk/

characterized by directness in manner or speech; without subtlety or evasion

From this reading The appearance of Frank Cowperwood at this time was, to say the least, prepossessing and satisfactory.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Nature had destined him to be about five feet ten inches tall.

hairnounUS /her/

a covering for the body (or parts of it) consisting of a dense growth of threadlike structures (as on the human head); helps to prevent heat loss

From this reading His head was large, shapely, notably commercial in aspect, thickly covered with crisp, dark-brown hair and fixed on a pair of square shoulders and a stocky body.

headnounUS /hed/

the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading His head was large, shapely, notably commercial in aspect, thickly covered with crisp, dark-brown hair and fixed on a pair of square shoulders and a stocky body.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Nature had destined him to be about five feet ten inches tall.

HisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading His head was large, shapely, notably commercial in aspect, thickly covered with crisp, dark-brown hair and fixed on a pair of square shoulders and a stocky body.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading His head was large, shapely, notably commercial in aspect, thickly covered with crisp, dark-brown hair and fixed on a pair of square shoulders and a stocky body.

inchesnounUS /ˈɪntʃəz/

plural of “inch” — a unit of length equal to one twelfth of a foot

From this reading Nature had destined him to be about five feet ten inches tall.

inscrutableadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈskruːtəbəl/

of an obscure nature

From this reading They were inscrutable.

largeadjectiveUS /lɑːrdʒ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading His head was large, shapely, notably commercial in aspect, thickly covered with crisp, dark-brown hair and fixed on a pair of square shoulders and a stocky body.

leastadjectiveUS /liːst/

the superlative of “little” that can be used with mass nouns and is usually preceded by “the”; a quantifier meaning smallest in amount or extent or degree

From this reading The appearance of Frank Cowperwood at this time was, to say the least, prepossessing and satisfactory.

lookverbUS /lʊk/

perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading Already his eyes had the look that subtle years of thought bring.

NaturenounUS /ˈneɪtʃər/

the essential qualities or characteristics by which something is recognized

From this reading Nature had destined him to be about five feet ten inches tall.

notablyadverbUS /ˈnoʊtəbli/

especially; in particular

From this reading His head was large, shapely, notably commercial in aspect, thickly covered with crisp, dark-brown hair and fixed on a pair of square shoulders and a stocky body.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The appearance of Frank Cowperwood at this time was, to say the least, prepossessing and satisfactory.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading His head was large, shapely, notably commercial in aspect, thickly covered with crisp, dark-brown hair and fixed on a pair of square shoulders and a stocky body.

pairnounUS /per/

a set of two similar things considered as a unit

From this reading His head was large, shapely, notably commercial in aspect, thickly covered with crisp, dark-brown hair and fixed on a pair of square shoulders and a stocky body.

prepossessingadjective

creating a favorable impression

From this reading The appearance of Frank Cowperwood at this time was, to say the least, prepossessing and satisfactory.

satisfactoryadjectiveUS /ˌsætəˈsfæktri/

giving satisfaction

From this reading The appearance of Frank Cowperwood at this time was, to say the least, prepossessing and satisfactory.

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading The appearance of Frank Cowperwood at this time was, to say the least, prepossessing and satisfactory.

shapelyadjectiveUS /ˈʃeɪpli/

having a well-proportioned and pleasing shape

From this reading His head was large, shapely, notably commercial in aspect, thickly covered with crisp, dark-brown hair and fixed on a pair of square shoulders and a stocky body.

shouldersnounUS /ˈʃoʊldərz/

plural of “shoulder” — the part of the body between the neck and the upper arm

From this reading His head was large, shapely, notably commercial in aspect, thickly covered with crisp, dark-brown hair and fixed on a pair of square shoulders and a stocky body.

squareverbUS /skwer/

make square

From this reading His head was large, shapely, notably commercial in aspect, thickly covered with crisp, dark-brown hair and fixed on a pair of square shoulders and a stocky body.

stockyadjectiveUS /ˈstɑːki/

having a short and solid form or stature

From this reading His head was large, shapely, notably commercial in aspect, thickly covered with crisp, dark-brown hair and fixed on a pair of square shoulders and a stocky body.

subtleadjectiveUS /ˈsʌtəl/

difficult to detect or grasp by the mind or analyze

From this reading Already his eyes had the look that subtle years of thought bring.

talladjectiveUS /tɔːl/

great in vertical dimension; high in stature

From this reading Nature had destined him to be about five feet ten inches tall.

tennounUS /ten/

the cardinal number that is the sum of nine and one; the base of the decimal system

From this reading Nature had destined him to be about five feet ten inches tall.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Already his eyes had the look that subtle years of thought bring.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The appearance of Frank Cowperwood at this time was, to say the least, prepossessing and satisfactory.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They were inscrutable.

thicklyadverbUS /ˈθɪkli/

spoken with poor articulation as if with a thick tongue

From this reading His head was large, shapely, notably commercial in aspect, thickly covered with crisp, dark-brown hair and fixed on a pair of square shoulders and a stocky body.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading The appearance of Frank Cowperwood at this time was, to say the least, prepossessing and satisfactory.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading Already his eyes had the look that subtle years of thought bring.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading The appearance of Frank Cowperwood at this time was, to say the least, prepossessing and satisfactory.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The appearance of Frank Cowperwood at this time was, to say the least, prepossessing and satisfactory.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The appearance of Frank Cowperwood at this time was, to say the least, prepossessing and satisfactory.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading They were inscrutable.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading His head was large, shapely, notably commercial in aspect, thickly covered with crisp, dark-brown hair and fixed on a pair of square shoulders and a stocky body.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading Already his eyes had the look that subtle years of thought bring.

Chapter 4 of The Financier: A Novel by Theodore Dreiser holds 265 sentences, grouped into 53 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of The Financier: A Novel contain?

Chapter 4 holds 265 sentences of The Financier: A Novel, unabridged, divided into 53 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of The Financier: A Novel by Theodore Dreiser exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 265 sentences, grouped into 53 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of The Financier: A Novel?

Work through the 53 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 53 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Financier: A Novel

Common questions about reading The Financier: A Novel by Theodore Dreiser on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Financier: A Novel?

Yes. All 11568 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #1840 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Financier: A Novel is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #1840, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Financier: A Novel take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 2314 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Financier: A Novel section by section

How to work through The Financier: A Novel section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of The Financier: A Novel to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Financier: A Novel

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Financier: A Novel, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Concerning
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Financier: A Novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Mycteroperca
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Financier: A Novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Bonaci
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Financier: A Novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Magic
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Financier: A Novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.