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The Firm of Nucingen
The Firm of Nucingen

Chapter IV

Cover illustration for The Firm of Nucingen
Context Illustration Reading 1/31 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
“He used to make me feel as if I had met a tiger escaped from the Jardin des Plantes,” said Couture.
“He was lean and red-haired, his eyes were the color of Spanish snuff, and his complexion was harsh.
He looked cold and phlegmatic.
He was hard upon the widow, pitiless to the orphan, and a terror to his clerks; they were not allowed to waste a minute.
Learned, crafty, double-faced, honey-tongued, never flying into a passion, rancorous in his judicial way.”
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Firm of Nucingen

Chapter IV

Reading 1/31 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
“He used to make me feel as if I had met a tiger escaped from the Jardin des Plantes,” said Couture.
Line 2
“He was lean and red-haired, his eyes were the color of Spanish snuff, and his complexion was harsh.
Line 3
He looked cold and phlegmatic.
Line 4
He was hard upon the widow, pitiless to the orphan, and a terror to his clerks; they were not allowed to waste a minute.
Line 5
Learned, crafty, double-faced, honey-tongued, never flying into a passion, rancorous in his judicial way.”

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Looked noun US /looked/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “He looked cold and phlegmatic.”

Make noun US /make/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading ““He used to make me feel as if I had met a tiger escaped from the Jardin des Plantes,” said Couture.”

Never noun US /never/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Learned, crafty, double-faced, honey-tongued, never flying into a passion, rancorous in his judicial way.””

Upon preposition US /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading “He was hard upon the widow, pitiless to the orphan, and a terror to his clerks; they were not allowed to waste a minute.”

Waste noun US /weɪst/

an empty, uncultivated area of land

From this reading “He was hard upon the widow, pitiless to the orphan, and a terror to his clerks; they were not allowed to waste a minute.”

All words in this reading · 61

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading “He used to make me feel as if I had met a tiger escaped from the Jardin des Plantes,” said Couture.

allowed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was hard upon the widow, pitiless to the orphan, and a terror to his clerks; they were not allowed to waste a minute.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading “He was lean and red-haired, his eyes were the color of Spanish snuff, and his complexion was harsh.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading “He used to make me feel as if I had met a tiger escaped from the Jardin des Plantes,” said Couture.

clerks

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was hard upon the widow, pitiless to the orphan, and a terror to his clerks; they were not allowed to waste a minute.

cold

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He looked cold and phlegmatic.

color

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “He was lean and red-haired, his eyes were the color of Spanish snuff, and his complexion was harsh.

complexion

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “He was lean and red-haired, his eyes were the color of Spanish snuff, and his complexion was harsh.

Couture

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “He used to make me feel as if I had met a tiger escaped from the Jardin des Plantes,” said Couture.

crafty

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Learned, crafty, double-faced, honey-tongued, never flying into a passion, rancorous in his judicial way.”

des

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “He used to make me feel as if I had met a tiger escaped from the Jardin des Plantes,” said Couture.

double-faced

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Learned, crafty, double-faced, honey-tongued, never flying into a passion, rancorous in his judicial way.”

escaped

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “He used to make me feel as if I had met a tiger escaped from the Jardin des Plantes,” said Couture.

eyes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “He was lean and red-haired, his eyes were the color of Spanish snuff, and his complexion was harsh.

feel

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “He used to make me feel as if I had met a tiger escaped from the Jardin des Plantes,” said Couture.

flying

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Learned, crafty, double-faced, honey-tongued, never flying into a passion, rancorous in his judicial way.”

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading “He used to make me feel as if I had met a tiger escaped from the Jardin des Plantes,” said Couture.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading “He used to make me feel as if I had met a tiger escaped from the Jardin des Plantes,” said Couture.

hard

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was hard upon the widow, pitiless to the orphan, and a terror to his clerks; they were not allowed to waste a minute.

harsh

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “He was lean and red-haired, his eyes were the color of Spanish snuff, and his complexion was harsh.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading “He used to make me feel as if I had met a tiger escaped from the Jardin des Plantes,” said Couture.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading “He was lean and red-haired, his eyes were the color of Spanish snuff, and his complexion was harsh.

honey-tongued

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Learned, crafty, double-faced, honey-tongued, never flying into a passion, rancorous in his judicial way.”

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading “He used to make me feel as if I had met a tiger escaped from the Jardin des Plantes,” said Couture.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading “He used to make me feel as if I had met a tiger escaped from the Jardin des Plantes,” said Couture.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Learned, crafty, double-faced, honey-tongued, never flying into a passion, rancorous in his judicial way.”

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Learned, crafty, double-faced, honey-tongued, never flying into a passion, rancorous in his judicial way.”

Jardin

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “He used to make me feel as if I had met a tiger escaped from the Jardin des Plantes,” said Couture.

judicial

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Learned, crafty, double-faced, honey-tongued, never flying into a passion, rancorous in his judicial way.”

lean

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “He was lean and red-haired, his eyes were the color of Spanish snuff, and his complexion was harsh.

Learned

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Learned, crafty, double-faced, honey-tongued, never flying into a passion, rancorous in his judicial way.”

lookednounUS /looked/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading He looked cold and phlegmatic.

makenounUS /make/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “He used to make me feel as if I had met a tiger escaped from the Jardin des Plantes,” said Couture.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading “He used to make me feel as if I had met a tiger escaped from the Jardin des Plantes,” said Couture.

met

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “He used to make me feel as if I had met a tiger escaped from the Jardin des Plantes,” said Couture.

minute

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was hard upon the widow, pitiless to the orphan, and a terror to his clerks; they were not allowed to waste a minute.

nevernounUS /never/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Learned, crafty, double-faced, honey-tongued, never flying into a passion, rancorous in his judicial way.”

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading He was hard upon the widow, pitiless to the orphan, and a terror to his clerks; they were not allowed to waste a minute.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading “He was lean and red-haired, his eyes were the color of Spanish snuff, and his complexion was harsh.

orphan

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was hard upon the widow, pitiless to the orphan, and a terror to his clerks; they were not allowed to waste a minute.

passion

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Learned, crafty, double-faced, honey-tongued, never flying into a passion, rancorous in his judicial way.”

phlegmatic

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He looked cold and phlegmatic.

pitiless

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was hard upon the widow, pitiless to the orphan, and a terror to his clerks; they were not allowed to waste a minute.

Plantes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “He used to make me feel as if I had met a tiger escaped from the Jardin des Plantes,” said Couture.

rancorous

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Learned, crafty, double-faced, honey-tongued, never flying into a passion, rancorous in his judicial way.”

red-haired

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “He was lean and red-haired, his eyes were the color of Spanish snuff, and his complexion was harsh.

said

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “He used to make me feel as if I had met a tiger escaped from the Jardin des Plantes,” said Couture.

snuff

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “He was lean and red-haired, his eyes were the color of Spanish snuff, and his complexion was harsh.

Spanish

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “He was lean and red-haired, his eyes were the color of Spanish snuff, and his complexion was harsh.

terror

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was hard upon the widow, pitiless to the orphan, and a terror to his clerks; they were not allowed to waste a minute.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading “He used to make me feel as if I had met a tiger escaped from the Jardin des Plantes,” said Couture.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He was hard upon the widow, pitiless to the orphan, and a terror to his clerks; they were not allowed to waste a minute.

tiger

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “He used to make me feel as if I had met a tiger escaped from the Jardin des Plantes,” said Couture.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading “He used to make me feel as if I had met a tiger escaped from the Jardin des Plantes,” said Couture.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading He was hard upon the widow, pitiless to the orphan, and a terror to his clerks; they were not allowed to waste a minute.

used

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “He used to make me feel as if I had met a tiger escaped from the Jardin des Plantes,” said Couture.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading “He was lean and red-haired, his eyes were the color of Spanish snuff, and his complexion was harsh.

wastenounUS /weɪst/

an empty, uncultivated area of land

From this reading He was hard upon the widow, pitiless to the orphan, and a terror to his clerks; they were not allowed to waste a minute.

way

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Learned, crafty, double-faced, honey-tongued, never flying into a passion, rancorous in his judicial way.”

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading “He was lean and red-haired, his eyes were the color of Spanish snuff, and his complexion was harsh.

widow

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was hard upon the widow, pitiless to the orphan, and a terror to his clerks; they were not allowed to waste a minute.