Chapter XXI

hormone secreted by the posterior pituitary gland (trade name Pitressin) and also by nerve endings in the hypothalamus

From this reading THE END OF THE STONE AGE DURING all these long centuries, many, many thousands of years, the people from the valley where Adh and his wife first lived had been spreading far out over the surface of the earth.

plural of “adventurer” — a person who enjoys taking risks

From this reading Century after century, as these tribes became larger, and game grew scarce, new bands of adventurers wandered off into the wilderness inland, and from the tribes they formed still other bands wandered away.

later than; following

From this reading Century after century, as these tribes became larger, and game grew scarce, new bands of adventurers wandered off into the wilderness inland, and from the tribes they formed still other bands wandered away.

how long something has existed

From this reading THE END OF THE STONE AGE DURING all these long centuries, many, many thousands of years, the people from the valley where Adh and his wife first lived had been spreading far out over the surface of the earth.

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading THE END OF THE STONE AGE DURING all these long centuries, many, many thousands of years, the people from the valley where Adh and his wife first lived had been spreading far out over the surface of the earth.

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THE END OF THE STONE AGE DURING all these long centuries, many, many thousands of years, the people from the valley where Adh and his wife first lived had been spreading far out over the surface of the earth.

surrounding, or on every side of, something

From this reading Many boats and canoes, carried by storms from the country of the sea people, were driven to other countries, and all around the shores of the sea new tribes were springing up.

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Century after century, as these tribes became larger, and game grew scarce, new bands of adventurers wandered off into the wilderness inland, and from the tribes they formed still other bands wandered away.

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading Century after century, as these tribes became larger, and game grew scarce, new bands of adventurers wandered off into the wilderness inland, and from the tribes they formed still other bands wandered away.

plural of “band” — an unofficial association of people or groups

From this reading Century after century, as these tribes became larger, and game grew scarce, new bands of adventurers wandered off into the wilderness inland, and from the tribes they formed still other bands wandered away.

inflected form of “become” — enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading Century after century, as these tribes became larger, and game grew scarce, new bands of adventurers wandered off into the wilderness inland, and from the tribes they formed still other bands wandered away.

the past participle of “be”

From this reading THE END OF THE STONE AGE DURING all these long centuries, many, many thousands of years, the people from the valley where Adh and his wife first lived had been spreading far out over the surface of the earth.

plural of “boat” — a small vessel for travel on water

From this reading Many boats and canoes, carried by storms from the country of the sea people, were driven to other countries, and all around the shores of the sea new tribes were springing up.

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Many boats and canoes, carried by storms from the country of the sea people, were driven to other countries, and all around the shores of the sea new tribes were springing up.

plural of “canoe” — small and light boat; pointed at both ends; propelled with a paddle

From this reading Many boats and canoes, carried by storms from the country of the sea people, were driven to other countries, and all around the shores of the sea new tribes were springing up.

inflected form of “carry” — move while supporting, either in a vehicle or in one's hands or on one's body

From this reading Many boats and canoes, carried by storms from the country of the sea people, were driven to other countries, and all around the shores of the sea new tribes were springing up.

plural of “century” — a period of 100 years

From this reading THE END OF THE STONE AGE DURING all these long centuries, many, many thousands of years, the people from the valley where Adh and his wife first lived had been spreading far out over the surface of the earth.

a period of 100 years

From this reading Century after century, as these tribes became larger, and game grew scarce, new bands of adventurers wandered off into the wilderness inland, and from the tribes they formed still other bands wandered away.

plural of “country” — a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading Many boats and canoes, carried by storms from the country of the sea people, were driven to other countries, and all around the shores of the sea new tribes were springing up.

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading Many boats and canoes, carried by storms from the country of the sea people, were driven to other countries, and all around the shores of the sea new tribes were springing up.

placed crosswise

From this reading Some crossed great lakes and seas in boats, others drifted down mighty rivers for hundreds, and even thousands, of miles, on rafts.

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading Some crossed great lakes and seas in boats, others drifted down mighty rivers for hundreds, and even thousands, of miles, on rafts.

past form of “drift” — be in motion due to some air or water current

From this reading Some crossed great lakes and seas in boats, others drifted down mighty rivers for hundreds, and even thousands, of miles, on rafts.

compelled forcibly by an outside agency

From this reading Many boats and canoes, carried by storms from the country of the sea people, were driven to other countries, and all around the shores of the sea new tribes were springing up.

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading THE END OF THE STONE AGE DURING all these long centuries, many, many thousands of years, the people from the valley where Adh and his wife first lived had been spreading far out over the surface of the earth.

the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on

From this reading THE END OF THE STONE AGE DURING all these long centuries, many, many thousands of years, the people from the valley where Adh and his wife first lived had been spreading far out over the surface of the earth.

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading THE END OF THE STONE AGE DURING all these long centuries, many, many thousands of years, the people from the valley where Adh and his wife first lived had been spreading far out over the surface of the earth.

divisible by two

From this reading Some crossed great lakes and seas in boats, others drifted down mighty rivers for hundreds, and even thousands, of miles, on rafts.

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading THE END OF THE STONE AGE DURING all these long centuries, many, many thousands of years, the people from the valley where Adh and his wife first lived had been spreading far out over the surface of the earth.

come upon, as if by accident; meet with

From this reading Mountain ranges were crossed to find new hunting grounds, and new tribes were formed, which in their turn sent out other bands of adventurers.

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading THE END OF THE STONE AGE DURING all these long centuries, many, many thousands of years, the people from the valley where Adh and his wife first lived had been spreading far out over the surface of the earth.

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Some crossed great lakes and seas in boats, others drifted down mighty rivers for hundreds, and even thousands, of miles, on rafts.

having or given a form or shape

From this reading Century after century, as these tribes became larger, and game grew scarce, new bands of adventurers wandered off into the wilderness inland, and from the tribes they formed still other bands wandered away.

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading THE END OF THE STONE AGE DURING all these long centuries, many, many thousands of years, the people from the valley where Adh and his wife first lived had been spreading far out over the surface of the earth.

a contest with rules to determine a winner

From this reading Century after century, as these tribes became larger, and game grew scarce, new bands of adventurers wandered off into the wilderness inland, and from the tribes they formed still other bands wandered away.

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading Some crossed great lakes and seas in boats, others drifted down mighty rivers for hundreds, and even thousands, of miles, on rafts.

inflected form of “grow” — pass into a condition gradually, take on a specific property or attribute; become

From this reading Century after century, as these tribes became larger, and game grew scarce, new bands of adventurers wandered off into the wilderness inland, and from the tribes they formed still other bands wandered away.

your basis for belief or disbelief; knowledge on which to base belief

From this reading Mountain ranges were crossed to find new hunting grounds, and new tribes were formed, which in their turn sent out other bands of adventurers.

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading THE END OF THE STONE AGE DURING all these long centuries, many, many thousands of years, the people from the valley where Adh and his wife first lived had been spreading far out over the surface of the earth.

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading THE END OF THE STONE AGE DURING all these long centuries, many, many thousands of years, the people from the valley where Adh and his wife first lived had been spreading far out over the surface of the earth.

plural of “hundred” — ten 10s

From this reading Some crossed great lakes and seas in boats, others drifted down mighty rivers for hundreds, and even thousands, of miles, on rafts.

the pursuit and killing or capture of wild animals regarded as a sport

From this reading Mountain ranges were crossed to find new hunting grounds, and new tribes were formed, which in their turn sent out other bands of adventurers.

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Some crossed great lakes and seas in boats, others drifted down mighty rivers for hundreds, and even thousands, of miles, on rafts.

situated away from an area's coast or border

From this reading Century after century, as these tribes became larger, and game grew scarce, new bands of adventurers wandered off into the wilderness inland, and from the tribes they formed still other bands wandered away.

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Century after century, as these tribes became larger, and game grew scarce, new bands of adventurers wandered off into the wilderness inland, and from the tribes they formed still other bands wandered away.

plural of “lake” — a body of (usually fresh) water surrounded by land

From this reading Some crossed great lakes and seas in boats, others drifted down mighty rivers for hundreds, and even thousands, of miles, on rafts.

large or big relative to something else

From this reading Century after century, as these tribes became larger, and game grew scarce, new bands of adventurers wandered off into the wilderness inland, and from the tribes they formed still other bands wandered away.

past form of “live” — be an inhabitant of or reside in

From this reading THE END OF THE STONE AGE DURING all these long centuries, many, many thousands of years, the people from the valley where Adh and his wife first lived had been spreading far out over the surface of the earth.

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading THE END OF THE STONE AGE DURING all these long centuries, many, many thousands of years, the people from the valley where Adh and his wife first lived had been spreading far out over the surface of the earth.

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading THE END OF THE STONE AGE DURING all these long centuries, many, many thousands of years, the people from the valley where Adh and his wife first lived had been spreading far out over the surface of the earth.

having or showing great strength or force or intensity

From this reading Some crossed great lakes and seas in boats, others drifted down mighty rivers for hundreds, and even thousands, of miles, on rafts.

plural of “mile” — a unit of length equal to 1,760 yards or 5,280 feet; exactly 1609.344 meters

From this reading Some crossed great lakes and seas in boats, others drifted down mighty rivers for hundreds, and even thousands, of miles, on rafts.

a land mass that projects well above its surroundings; higher than a hill

From this reading Mountain ranges were crossed to find new hunting grounds, and new tribes were formed, which in their turn sent out other bands of adventurers.

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading Many boats and canoes, carried by storms from the country of the sea people, were driven to other countries, and all around the shores of the sea new tribes were springing up.

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE END OF THE STONE AGE DURING all these long centuries, many, many thousands of years, the people from the valley where Adh and his wife first lived had been spreading far out over the surface of the earth.

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading Century after century, as these tribes became larger, and game grew scarce, new bands of adventurers wandered off into the wilderness inland, and from the tribes they formed still other bands wandered away.

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Some crossed great lakes and seas in boats, others drifted down mighty rivers for hundreds, and even thousands, of miles, on rafts.

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading Many boats and canoes, carried by storms from the country of the sea people, were driven to other countries, and all around the shores of the sea new tribes were springing up.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Some crossed great lakes and seas in boats, others drifted down mighty rivers for hundreds, and even thousands, of miles, on rafts.

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading THE END OF THE STONE AGE DURING all these long centuries, many, many thousands of years, the people from the valley where Adh and his wife first lived had been spreading far out over the surface of the earth.

above and across; more than

From this reading THE END OF THE STONE AGE DURING all these long centuries, many, many thousands of years, the people from the valley where Adh and his wife first lived had been spreading far out over the surface of the earth.

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading THE END OF THE STONE AGE DURING all these long centuries, many, many thousands of years, the people from the valley where Adh and his wife first lived had been spreading far out over the surface of the earth.

a large number or amount

From this reading Some crossed great lakes and seas in boats, others drifted down mighty rivers for hundreds, and even thousands, of miles, on rafts.

plural of “range” — an area in which something acts or operates or has power or control: "the range of a supersonic jet"

From this reading Mountain ranges were crossed to find new hunting grounds, and new tribes were formed, which in their turn sent out other bands of adventurers.

plural of “river” — a large natural stream of water (larger than a creek)

From this reading Some crossed great lakes and seas in boats, others drifted down mighty rivers for hundreds, and even thousands, of miles, on rafts.

only a very short time before

From this reading Century after century, as these tribes became larger, and game grew scarce, new bands of adventurers wandered off into the wilderness inland, and from the tribes they formed still other bands wandered away.

a division of an ocean or a large body of salt water partially enclosed by land

From this reading Many boats and canoes, carried by storms from the country of the sea people, were driven to other countries, and all around the shores of the sea new tribes were springing up.

plural of “sea” — a division of an ocean or a large body of salt water partially enclosed by land

From this reading Some crossed great lakes and seas in boats, others drifted down mighty rivers for hundreds, and even thousands, of miles, on rafts.

100 senti equal 1 kroon in Estonia

From this reading Mountain ranges were crossed to find new hunting grounds, and new tribes were formed, which in their turn sent out other bands of adventurers.

plural of “shore” — the land along the edge of a body of water

From this reading Many boats and canoes, carried by storms from the country of the sea people, were driven to other countries, and all around the shores of the sea new tribes were springing up.

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Some crossed great lakes and seas in boats, others drifted down mighty rivers for hundreds, and even thousands, of miles, on rafts.

process or result of distributing or extending over a wide expanse of space

From this reading THE END OF THE STONE AGE DURING all these long centuries, many, many thousands of years, the people from the valley where Adh and his wife first lived had been spreading far out over the surface of the earth.

-ing form of “spring” — move forward by leaps and bounds

From this reading Many boats and canoes, carried by storms from the country of the sea people, were driven to other countries, and all around the shores of the sea new tribes were springing up.

not in physical motion

From this reading Century after century, as these tribes became larger, and game grew scarce, new bands of adventurers wandered off into the wilderness inland, and from the tribes they formed still other bands wandered away.

a lump or mass of hard consolidated mineral matter

From this reading THE END OF THE STONE AGE DURING all these long centuries, many, many thousands of years, the people from the valley where Adh and his wife first lived had been spreading far out over the surface of the earth.

plural of “storm” — a violent weather condition with winds 64-72 knots (11 on the Beaufort scale) and precipitation and thunder and lightning

From this reading Many boats and canoes, carried by storms from the country of the sea people, were driven to other countries, and all around the shores of the sea new tribes were springing up.

the outer boundary of an artifact or a material layer constituting or resembling such a boundary

From this reading THE END OF THE STONE AGE DURING all these long centuries, many, many thousands of years, the people from the valley where Adh and his wife first lived had been spreading far out over the surface of the earth.

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE END OF THE STONE AGE DURING all these long centuries, many, many thousands of years, the people from the valley where Adh and his wife first lived had been spreading far out over the surface of the earth.

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Mountain ranges were crossed to find new hunting grounds, and new tribes were formed, which in their turn sent out other bands of adventurers.

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading THE END OF THE STONE AGE DURING all these long centuries, many, many thousands of years, the people from the valley where Adh and his wife first lived had been spreading far out over the surface of the earth.

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Century after century, as these tribes became larger, and game grew scarce, new bands of adventurers wandered off into the wilderness inland, and from the tribes they formed still other bands wandered away.

plural of “thousand” — the cardinal number that is the product of 10 and 100

From this reading THE END OF THE STONE AGE DURING all these long centuries, many, many thousands of years, the people from the valley where Adh and his wife first lived had been spreading far out over the surface of the earth.

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Many boats and canoes, carried by storms from the country of the sea people, were driven to other countries, and all around the shores of the sea new tribes were springing up.

plural of “tribe” — a social division of (usually preliterate) people

From this reading Many boats and canoes, carried by storms from the country of the sea people, were driven to other countries, and all around the shores of the sea new tribes were springing up.

change orientation or direction, also in the abstract sense

From this reading Mountain ranges were crossed to find new hunting grounds, and new tribes were formed, which in their turn sent out other bands of adventurers.

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading Many boats and canoes, carried by storms from the country of the sea people, were driven to other countries, and all around the shores of the sea new tribes were springing up.

a long depression in the surface of the land that usually contains a river

From this reading THE END OF THE STONE AGE DURING all these long centuries, many, many thousands of years, the people from the valley where Adh and his wife first lived had been spreading far out over the surface of the earth.

past form of “wander” — move about aimlessly or without any destination, often in search of food or employment

From this reading Century after century, as these tribes became larger, and game grew scarce, new bands of adventurers wandered off into the wilderness inland, and from the tribes they formed still other bands wandered away.

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Many boats and canoes, carried by storms from the country of the sea people, were driven to other countries, and all around the shores of the sea new tribes were springing up.

in or at the place that

From this reading THE END OF THE STONE AGE DURING all these long centuries, many, many thousands of years, the people from the valley where Adh and his wife first lived had been spreading far out over the surface of the earth.

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Mountain ranges were crossed to find new hunting grounds, and new tribes were formed, which in their turn sent out other bands of adventurers.

a married woman; a man's partner in marriage

From this reading THE END OF THE STONE AGE DURING all these long centuries, many, many thousands of years, the people from the valley where Adh and his wife first lived had been spreading far out over the surface of the earth.

(politics) a state of disfavor

From this reading Century after century, as these tribes became larger, and game grew scarce, new bands of adventurers wandered off into the wilderness inland, and from the tribes they formed still other bands wandered away.

a late time of life

From this reading THE END OF THE STONE AGE DURING all these long centuries, many, many thousands of years, the people from the valley where Adh and his wife first lived had been spreading far out over the surface of the earth.