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The Fixed Period
The Fixed Period

Chapter VII

Chapter 7 of The Fixed Period is here in full — 303 sentences across 61 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/60 · 5 lines
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COLUMBUS AND GALILEO.
I had left Graybody with a lie on my tongue.
I said that I was bound to suppose that Crasweller would do his duty as a citizen,--by which I had meant Graybody to understand that I expected my old friend to submit to deposition.
Now I expected nothing of the kind, and it grieved me to think that I should be driven to such false excuses.
I began to doubt whether my mind would hold its proper bent under the strain thus laid upon it, and to ask myself whether I was in all respects sane in entertaining the ideas which filled my mind.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Fixed Period

Chapter VII

Chapter 7 of The Fixed Period is here in full — 303 sentences across 61 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/60 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
COLUMBUS AND GALILEO.
/kəˈlʌmbəs ənd ˌɡæləˈliːoʊ/
Line 2
I had left Graybody with a lie on my tongue.
Line 3
I said that I was bound to suppose that Crasweller would do his duty as a citizen,--by which I had meant Graybody to understand that I expected my old friend to submit to deposition.
Line 4
Now I expected nothing of the kind, and it grieved me to think that I should be driven to such false excuses.
/naʊ aɪ ɪkˈspektəd ˈnʌθɪŋ ʌv ðə kaɪnd ənd ɪt ɡriːvd miː tuː θɪŋk ðæt aɪ ʃʊd biː ˈdrɪvən tuː sʌtʃ fɔːls ɪksˈkjuːsɪz/
Line 5
I began to doubt whether my mind would hold its proper bent under the strain thus laid upon it, and to ask myself whether I was in all respects sane in entertaining the ideas which filled my mind.
/aɪ bɪˈɡæn tuː daʊt ˈweðər maɪ maɪnd wʊd hoʊld ɪts ˈprɑːpər bent ˈʌndər ðə streɪn ðʌs leɪd əˈpɑːn ɪt ənd tuː æsk ˌmaɪˈself ˈweðər aɪ wɑːz ɪn ɔːl rɪˈspekts seɪn ɪn ˌentərˈteɪnɪŋ ðə aɪˈdiːəz wɪtʃ fɪld maɪ maɪnd/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

columbus noun US /kəˈlʌmbəs/

the state capital of Ohio; located in the center of the state; site of Ohio State University

From this reading “COLUMBUS AND GALILEO.”

deposition noun US /ˌdepəˈzɪʃən/

the natural process of laying down a deposit of something

From this reading “I said that I was bound to suppose that Crasweller would do his duty as a citizen,--by which I had meant Graybody to understand that I expected my old friend to submit to deposition.”

entertaining adjective US /ˌentərˈteɪnɪŋ/

agreeably diverting

From this reading “I began to doubt whether my mind would hold its proper bent under the strain thus laid upon it, and to ask myself whether I was in all respects sane in entertaining the ideas which filled my mind.”

excuses noun US /ɪksˈkjuːsɪz/

plural of “excuse” — a defense of some offensive behavior or some failure to keep a promise etc.

From this reading “Now I expected nothing of the kind, and it grieved me to think that I should be driven to such false excuses.”

galileo noun US /ˌɡæləˈliːoʊ/

Italian astronomer and mathematician who was the first to use a telescope to study the stars

From this reading “COLUMBUS AND GALILEO.”

grieved verb US /ɡriːvd/

past form of “grieve” — feel grief

From this reading “Now I expected nothing of the kind, and it grieved me to think that I should be driven to such false excuses.”

respects noun US /rɪˈspekts/

(often used with “pay”) a formal expression of esteem

From this reading “I began to doubt whether my mind would hold its proper bent under the strain thus laid upon it, and to ask myself whether I was in all respects sane in entertaining the ideas which filled my mind.”

sane adjective US /seɪn/

mentally healthy; free from mental disorder

From this reading “I began to doubt whether my mind would hold its proper bent under the strain thus laid upon it, and to ask myself whether I was in all respects sane in entertaining the ideas which filled my mind.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

old friend adjective + noun

In this reading “I said that I was bound to suppose that Crasweller would do his duty as a citizen,--by which I had meant Graybody to understand that I expected my old friend to submit to deposition.”

under the strain preposition + article + noun counted as “under … strain”

In this reading “I began to doubt whether my mind would hold its proper bent under the strain thus laid upon it, and to ask myself whether I was in all respects sane in entertaining the ideas which filled my mind.”

all respects adjective + noun

In this reading “I began to doubt whether my mind would hold its proper bent under the strain thus laid upon it, and to ask myself whether I was in all respects sane in entertaining the ideas which filled my mind.”

lie on verb + particle

In this reading “I had left Graybody with a lie on my tongue.”

All words in this reading · 72

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading I had left Graybody with a lie on my tongue.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading I began to doubt whether my mind would hold its proper bent under the strain thus laid upon it, and to ask myself whether I was in all respects sane in entertaining the ideas which filled my mind.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading COLUMBUS AND GALILEO.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading I said that I was bound to suppose that Crasweller would do his duty as a citizen,--by which I had meant Graybody to understand that I expected my old friend to submit to deposition.

askverbUS /æsk/

make a request or demand for something to somebody

From this reading I began to doubt whether my mind would hold its proper bent under the strain thus laid upon it, and to ask myself whether I was in all respects sane in entertaining the ideas which filled my mind.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Now I expected nothing of the kind, and it grieved me to think that I should be driven to such false excuses.

beganverbUS /bɪˈɡæn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading I began to doubt whether my mind would hold its proper bent under the strain thus laid upon it, and to ask myself whether I was in all respects sane in entertaining the ideas which filled my mind.

bentnounUS /bent/

a relatively permanent inclination to react in a particular way

From this reading I began to doubt whether my mind would hold its proper bent under the strain thus laid upon it, and to ask myself whether I was in all respects sane in entertaining the ideas which filled my mind.

boundadjectiveUS /baʊnd/

confined by bonds

From this reading I said that I was bound to suppose that Crasweller would do his duty as a citizen,--by which I had meant Graybody to understand that I expected my old friend to submit to deposition.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading I said that I was bound to suppose that Crasweller would do his duty as a citizen,--by which I had meant Graybody to understand that I expected my old friend to submit to deposition.

citizennounUS /ˈsɪtəzən/

a native or naturalized member of a state or other political community

From this reading I said that I was bound to suppose that Crasweller would do his duty as a citizen,--by which I had meant Graybody to understand that I expected my old friend to submit to deposition.

COLUMBUSnounUS /kəˈlʌmbəs/

the state capital of Ohio; located in the center of the state; site of Ohio State University

From this reading COLUMBUS AND GALILEO.

Crasweller

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I said that I was bound to suppose that Crasweller would do his duty as a citizen,--by which I had meant Graybody to understand that I expected my old friend to submit to deposition.

depositionnounUS /ˌdepəˈzɪʃən/

the natural process of laying down a deposit of something

From this reading I said that I was bound to suppose that Crasweller would do his duty as a citizen,--by which I had meant Graybody to understand that I expected my old friend to submit to deposition.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading I said that I was bound to suppose that Crasweller would do his duty as a citizen,--by which I had meant Graybody to understand that I expected my old friend to submit to deposition.

doubtnounUS /daʊt/

the state of being unsure of something

From this reading I began to doubt whether my mind would hold its proper bent under the strain thus laid upon it, and to ask myself whether I was in all respects sane in entertaining the ideas which filled my mind.

drivenadjectiveUS /ˈdrɪvən/

compelled forcibly by an outside agency

From this reading Now I expected nothing of the kind, and it grieved me to think that I should be driven to such false excuses.

dutynounUS /ˈduːti/

the social force that binds you to the courses of action demanded by that force

From this reading I said that I was bound to suppose that Crasweller would do his duty as a citizen,--by which I had meant Graybody to understand that I expected my old friend to submit to deposition.

entertainingadjectiveUS /ˌentərˈteɪnɪŋ/

agreeably diverting

From this reading I began to doubt whether my mind would hold its proper bent under the strain thus laid upon it, and to ask myself whether I was in all respects sane in entertaining the ideas which filled my mind.

excusesnounUS /ɪksˈkjuːsɪz/

plural of “excuse” — a defense of some offensive behavior or some failure to keep a promise etc.

From this reading Now I expected nothing of the kind, and it grieved me to think that I should be driven to such false excuses.

expectedadjectiveUS /ɪkˈspektəd/

considered likely or probable to happen or arrive

From this reading I said that I was bound to suppose that Crasweller would do his duty as a citizen,--by which I had meant Graybody to understand that I expected my old friend to submit to deposition.

falseadjectiveUS /fɔːls/

not in accordance with the fact or reality or actuality

From this reading Now I expected nothing of the kind, and it grieved me to think that I should be driven to such false excuses.

filledadjectiveUS /fɪld/

(usually followed by “with” or used as a combining form) generously supplied with

From this reading I began to doubt whether my mind would hold its proper bent under the strain thus laid upon it, and to ask myself whether I was in all respects sane in entertaining the ideas which filled my mind.

friendnounUS /frend/

a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading I said that I was bound to suppose that Crasweller would do his duty as a citizen,--by which I had meant Graybody to understand that I expected my old friend to submit to deposition.

GALILEOnounUS /ˌɡæləˈliːoʊ/

Italian astronomer and mathematician who was the first to use a telescope to study the stars

From this reading COLUMBUS AND GALILEO.

Graybody

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I had left Graybody with a lie on my tongue.

grievedverbUS /ɡriːvd/

past form of “grieve” — feel grief

From this reading Now I expected nothing of the kind, and it grieved me to think that I should be driven to such false excuses.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading I had left Graybody with a lie on my tongue.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading I said that I was bound to suppose that Crasweller would do his duty as a citizen,--by which I had meant Graybody to understand that I expected my old friend to submit to deposition.

holdverbUS /hoʊld/

cause to continue in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., “keep clean”

From this reading I began to doubt whether my mind would hold its proper bent under the strain thus laid upon it, and to ask myself whether I was in all respects sane in entertaining the ideas which filled my mind.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I had left Graybody with a lie on my tongue.

ideasnounUS /aɪˈdiːəz/

plural of “idea” — the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading I began to doubt whether my mind would hold its proper bent under the strain thus laid upon it, and to ask myself whether I was in all respects sane in entertaining the ideas which filled my mind.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading I began to doubt whether my mind would hold its proper bent under the strain thus laid upon it, and to ask myself whether I was in all respects sane in entertaining the ideas which filled my mind.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Now I expected nothing of the kind, and it grieved me to think that I should be driven to such false excuses.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading I began to doubt whether my mind would hold its proper bent under the strain thus laid upon it, and to ask myself whether I was in all respects sane in entertaining the ideas which filled my mind.

kindadjectiveUS /kaɪnd/

having or showing a tender and considerate and helpful nature; used especially of persons and their behavior

From this reading Now I expected nothing of the kind, and it grieved me to think that I should be driven to such false excuses.

laidadjectiveUS /leɪd/

set down according to a plan

From this reading I began to doubt whether my mind would hold its proper bent under the strain thus laid upon it, and to ask myself whether I was in all respects sane in entertaining the ideas which filled my mind.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading I had left Graybody with a lie on my tongue.

lieverbUS /laɪ/

be located or situated somewhere; occupy a certain position

From this reading I had left Graybody with a lie on my tongue.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Now I expected nothing of the kind, and it grieved me to think that I should be driven to such false excuses.

meantverbUS /ment/

inflected form of “mean” — mean or intend to express or convey

From this reading I said that I was bound to suppose that Crasweller would do his duty as a citizen,--by which I had meant Graybody to understand that I expected my old friend to submit to deposition.

mindnounUS /maɪnd/

The element of a person that enables awareness and thought.

From this reading I began to doubt whether my mind would hold its proper bent under the strain thus laid upon it, and to ask myself whether I was in all respects sane in entertaining the ideas which filled my mind.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading I had left Graybody with a lie on my tongue.

myselfpronounUS /ˌmaɪˈself/

used when the speaker is also the object of the action

From this reading I began to doubt whether my mind would hold its proper bent under the strain thus laid upon it, and to ask myself whether I was in all respects sane in entertaining the ideas which filled my mind.

nothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading Now I expected nothing of the kind, and it grieved me to think that I should be driven to such false excuses.

NowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Now I expected nothing of the kind, and it grieved me to think that I should be driven to such false excuses.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Now I expected nothing of the kind, and it grieved me to think that I should be driven to such false excuses.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading I said that I was bound to suppose that Crasweller would do his duty as a citizen,--by which I had meant Graybody to understand that I expected my old friend to submit to deposition.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading I had left Graybody with a lie on my tongue.

properadjectiveUS /ˈprɑːpər/

marked by suitability or rightness or appropriateness

From this reading I began to doubt whether my mind would hold its proper bent under the strain thus laid upon it, and to ask myself whether I was in all respects sane in entertaining the ideas which filled my mind.

respectsnounUS /rɪˈspekts/

(often used with “pay”) a formal expression of esteem

From this reading I began to doubt whether my mind would hold its proper bent under the strain thus laid upon it, and to ask myself whether I was in all respects sane in entertaining the ideas which filled my mind.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading I said that I was bound to suppose that Crasweller would do his duty as a citizen,--by which I had meant Graybody to understand that I expected my old friend to submit to deposition.

saneadjectiveUS /seɪn/

mentally healthy; free from mental disorder

From this reading I began to doubt whether my mind would hold its proper bent under the strain thus laid upon it, and to ask myself whether I was in all respects sane in entertaining the ideas which filled my mind.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading Now I expected nothing of the kind, and it grieved me to think that I should be driven to such false excuses.

strainnounUS /streɪn/

(physics) deformation of a physical body under the action of applied forces

From this reading I began to doubt whether my mind would hold its proper bent under the strain thus laid upon it, and to ask myself whether I was in all respects sane in entertaining the ideas which filled my mind.

submitverbUS /səbˈmɪt/

refer for judgment or consideration

From this reading I said that I was bound to suppose that Crasweller would do his duty as a citizen,--by which I had meant Graybody to understand that I expected my old friend to submit to deposition.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading Now I expected nothing of the kind, and it grieved me to think that I should be driven to such false excuses.

supposeverbUS /səˈpoʊz/

express a supposition

From this reading I said that I was bound to suppose that Crasweller would do his duty as a citizen,--by which I had meant Graybody to understand that I expected my old friend to submit to deposition.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading I said that I was bound to suppose that Crasweller would do his duty as a citizen,--by which I had meant Graybody to understand that I expected my old friend to submit to deposition.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Now I expected nothing of the kind, and it grieved me to think that I should be driven to such false excuses.

thinkverbUS /θɪŋk/

judge or regard; look upon; judge

From this reading Now I expected nothing of the kind, and it grieved me to think that I should be driven to such false excuses.

thusadverbUS /ðʌs/

(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result

From this reading I began to doubt whether my mind would hold its proper bent under the strain thus laid upon it, and to ask myself whether I was in all respects sane in entertaining the ideas which filled my mind.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading I said that I was bound to suppose that Crasweller would do his duty as a citizen,--by which I had meant Graybody to understand that I expected my old friend to submit to deposition.

tonguenounUS /tʌŋ/

a mobile mass of muscular tissue covered with mucous membrane and located in the oral cavity

From this reading I had left Graybody with a lie on my tongue.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading I began to doubt whether my mind would hold its proper bent under the strain thus laid upon it, and to ask myself whether I was in all respects sane in entertaining the ideas which filled my mind.

understandverbUS /ˌʌndərˈstænd/

know and comprehend the nature or meaning of

From this reading I said that I was bound to suppose that Crasweller would do his duty as a citizen,--by which I had meant Graybody to understand that I expected my old friend to submit to deposition.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading I began to doubt whether my mind would hold its proper bent under the strain thus laid upon it, and to ask myself whether I was in all respects sane in entertaining the ideas which filled my mind.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading I said that I was bound to suppose that Crasweller would do his duty as a citizen,--by which I had meant Graybody to understand that I expected my old friend to submit to deposition.

whetherconjunctionUS /ˈweðər/

used to introduce two or more possibilities

From this reading I began to doubt whether my mind would hold its proper bent under the strain thus laid upon it, and to ask myself whether I was in all respects sane in entertaining the ideas which filled my mind.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading I said that I was bound to suppose that Crasweller would do his duty as a citizen,--by which I had meant Graybody to understand that I expected my old friend to submit to deposition.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading I had left Graybody with a lie on my tongue.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading I said that I was bound to suppose that Crasweller would do his duty as a citizen,--by which I had meant Graybody to understand that I expected my old friend to submit to deposition.

Chapter 7 of The Fixed Period by Anthony Trollope holds 303 sentences, grouped into 61 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 7 of The Fixed Period contain?

Chapter 7 holds 303 sentences of The Fixed Period, unabridged, divided into 61 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 7 of The Fixed Period by Anthony Trollope exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 303 sentences, grouped into 61 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 7 of The Fixed Period?

Work through the 61 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 61 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 7 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 7 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Fixed Period

Common questions about reading The Fixed Period by Anthony Trollope on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Fixed Period?

Yes. All 3378 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #27067 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Fixed Period is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #27067, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Fixed Period take to read?

About 281 minutes of reading across 676 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Fixed Period section by section

How to work through The Fixed Period section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Fixed Period

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Fixed Period, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Doubted
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Fixed Period; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Whether
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Fixed Period; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Brighter
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Fixed Period; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Prosperous
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Fixed Period; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.